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Yu S, Pan H, Yang H, Zhuang H, Yang H, Yu X, Zhang S, Fang M, Li T, Ge S, Xia N. A non-viral DNA delivery system consisting of multifunctional chimeric peptide fused with zinc-finger protein. iScience 2024; 27:109464. [PMID: 38558940 PMCID: PMC10981093 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery systems have received sustained attention as a promising alternative to viral vectors for disease treatment and prevention in recent years. Numerous methods have been developed to enhance gene uptake and delivery in the cytoplasm; however, due to technical difficulties and delivery efficiency, these systems still face challenges in a range of biological applications, especially in vivo. To alleviate this challenge, we devised a novel system for gene delivery based on a recombinant protein eTAT-ZF9-NLS, which consisted of a multifunctional chimeric peptide and a zinc-finger protein with sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. High transfection efficiency was observed in several mammalian cells after intracellular delivery of plasmid containing ZF9-binding sites mediated by eTAT-ZF9-NLS. Our new approach provides a novel transfection strategy and the transfection efficiency was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo, making it a preferential transfection reagent for possible gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haoyun Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Burris BJD, Molina Vargas AM, Park BJ, O'Connell MR. Optimization of specific RNA knockdown in mammalian cells with CRISPR-Cas13. Methods 2022; 206:58-68. [PMID: 35987443 PMCID: PMC9511595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prokaryotic adaptive immune systems use Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR Associated (Cas) proteins to target and cleave foreign genetic elements in an RNA-guided manner [1-3]. Type VI CRISPR-Cas systems contain a single effector ribonuclease, Cas13, that binds and processes a CRISPR-RNA (crRNA; also known as a guide-RNA), forming an RNA-guided RNA-targeting effector complex [4,5]. Previous studies have shown that Cas13 can be engineered to target and modulate RNA processes in human cells, illustrating the versatility and specificity of Cas13 as an RNA knockdown (KD), splicing, editing, or imaging tool [6-8]. While Cas13 has been successfully used by several groups, our lab has observed significant variability in Cas13 KD ability depending which protocol is being followed [9-12]. To further understand this variability and generate a robust Cas13 KD protocol we thoroughly tested which Cas13 ortholog to use, the duration of KD experiments, the amount of plasmid DNA transfected, methods for analyzing KD efficiency, and report an optimized method for carrying out and analyzing Cas13 mediated RNA KD experiments. The method outlined in this paper illustrates a faster and more reliable protocol to iteratively test gRNA performance and target gene KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Joseph Davis Burris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Adrian Moises Molina Vargas
- Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Brandon J Park
- Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Mitchell R O'Connell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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3
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Sathiyanarayanan A, Goswami M, Nagpure N, Babu P G, Das DK. Development and characterization of a new gill cell line from the striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:367-380. [PMID: 35169909 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell lines as an in vitro model developed from different target organs of fish find their use in virus susceptibility, cytotoxicity, gene expression studies. The striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, is one of the main species in aquaculture, especially in Southeast Asian countries like Thailand, Indonesia, China, India, Bangladesh, and Vietnam. The present study reports the development of a new permanent cell line from the gills of P. hypophthalmus designated as PHG and its application in toxicological research. Leibovitz's L-15 cell culture medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS) was used to maintain cell line PHG. The morphology of the PHG cell line was observed fibroblastic-like. PHG cells grew well at varying temperatures ranging from 24 to 30 °C with an optimum temperature of 28 °C. The PHG cell line was characterized using a sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I, which authenticated the species of origin of the cell line. The cell line was transfected with a pEGFP-C1 plasmid, and the transfection reporter gene was successfully expressed 48 h post-transfection with 9% transfection efficiency. The toxicity assessment of two organophosphate pesticides, chlorpyrifos, and malathion using the PHG cell line revealed that the two organophosphate pesticides were cytotoxic to the cell line at varying concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjunan Sathiyanarayanan
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mukunda Goswami
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Naresh Nagpure
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gireesh Babu P
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhanjit Kumar Das
- Genetic Research Centre, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, Maharashtra, India
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Hu X, Gao S, Wang P, Zhou Y, Chen K, Chen Q, Wang B, Hu W, Cheng P, Eid R, Giraud-Panis MJ, Wang L, Gilson E, Ye J, Lu Y. The knockdown efficiency of telomere associated genes with specific methodology in a zebrafish cell line. Biochimie 2021; 190:12-19. [PMID: 34214617 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish is broadly used as a model organism in gene loss-of-function studies in vivo, but its employment in vitro is greatly limited by the lack of efficient gene knockdown approaches in zebrafish cell lines such as ZF4. In this article, we attempted to induce silencing of telomere associated genes in ZF4 by applying the frequently-used siRNA transfection technology and a novel moiety-linked morpholino (vivo-MO). By proceeding with integrated optimization of siRNAs transfection and vivo-MOs treatment, we compared five transfection reagents and vivo-MOs simultaneously to evaluate the efficiency of terfa silencing in ZF4. 48 h after siRNAs transfection, Lipofectamine™ 3000 and X-tremeGENE™ HP leaded to knockdown in 35% and 43% of terfa transcription, respectively, while vivo-MO-terfa modulated 58% down-expression of zfTRF2 in contrast to vivo-MO-ctrl 72 h after treatment. Further siRNAs transfection targeting telomere associated genes by X-tremeGENE™ HP showed silencing in 40-68% of these genes without significant cytotoxicity and off-target effect. Our results confirmed the feasibility of gene loss-of-function studies in a zebrafish cell line, offered a systematic optimizing strategy to employ gene silencing experiments, and presented Lipofectamine™ 3000, X-tremeGENE™ HP and vivo-morpholinos as candidate gene silencing approaches for zebrafish in vitro gene loss-of-function studies. Successfully knockdown of shelterin genes further opened a new field for telomeric study in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuaiyun Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kehua Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiaowen Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rita Eid
- University Côte D'Azur, CHU, IRCAN, Faculty of Medicine, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Marie-Josèph Giraud-Panis
- University Côte D'Azur, CHU, IRCAN, Faculty of Medicine, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Eric Gilson
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; University Côte D'Azur, CHU, IRCAN, Faculty of Medicine, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yiming Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pôle Sino-Français de Recherche en Sciences Du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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A Stable CHO K1 Cell Line for Producing Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody Against TNF-α. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:828-839. [PMID: 34089481 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00329-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the most significant molecules in protein therapeutics. They are employed in the field of immunology, oncology and organ transplant. They have been also been employed for alleviating several bacterial and viral infections. Moreover, they have revolutionized the area of targeted therapy and improved the quality of treatments, as compared to other cytotoxic drugs and therapies. mAbs bind to specific molecules on the antigen and exhibit specificity towards that molecule, i.e. epitope. Thus, mAbs have immense opportunity to be explored for personalized therapy. The introduction of targeted mAb-based therapeutics has promoted many important scientific achievements in rheumatology. This has warranted additional investigations for developing newer mAb producing clones, to supplement the limited industrial production of certain mAb therapeutics. In this investigation, an integrative approach comprising optimized expression, selection and expansion was adopted to develop a mammalian cell line expressing mAb against TNF-α.The resulting stable clone is anticipated to serve as an economic alternative to the industrial clones, especially for research purposes. The clone was constructed for development of biosimilar of the highly valued therapeutic antibody, Humira.
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Chong ZX, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Transfection types, methods and strategies: a technical review. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11165. [PMID: 33976969 PMCID: PMC8067914 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection is a modern and powerful method used to insert foreign nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. The ability to modify host cells’ genetic content enables the broad application of this process in studying normal cellular processes, disease molecular mechanism and gene therapeutic effect. In this review, we summarized and compared the findings from various reported literature on the characteristics, strengths, and limitations of various transfection methods, type of transfected nucleic acids, transfection controls and approaches to assess transfection efficiency. With the vast choices of approaches available, we hope that this review will help researchers, especially those new to the field, in their decision making over the transfection protocol or strategy appropriate for their experimental aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dikova V, Vorhauser J, Geng A, Pelster B, Sandbichler AM. Metabolic interaction of hydrogen peroxide and hypoxia in zebrafish fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:469-481. [PMID: 31740229 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cells require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, which may also result in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product. Under low oxygen conditions, ROS formation has been reported to either increase or decrease. We addressed this physiological response for the first time in zebrafish embryonic fibroblasts (Z3) and used a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-specific fluorescent protein (roGFP2-Orp1) either targeted to the mitochondria or expressed in the cytosol. Microfluidic live-cell imaging measurements showed that oxygen deprivation in Z3 cells results in decreased or stable H2O2 levels within the mitochondria or the cytosol, respectively, and that the reductive shift recorded in the mitochondrial matrix is directly dependent on oxygen concentration. The response was accompanied by a transient increase in extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and a lower cellular reducing potential as assessed by the viability stain alamarBlue. Complex I and III inhibition with Rotenone and Antimycin A led to H2O2 production under normoxia but these inhibitors were not able to avert the reductive shift under hypoxia. Only by system-wide inhibition of flavin-containing oxidases with Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) were we able to decrease the reductive shift, while selective inhibition of NADPH oxidases with the inhibitor Apocynin had no effect on the hypoxia response. Since DPI also led to a strong increase in ECAR we found that, in order to keep the cytosolic H2O2 levels stable, glycolytic metabolism was of fundamental importance. According to our experiments with the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor 6-Aminonicotinamide, this was attributable to the pentose phosphate pathway producing reducing equivalents required for ROS degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Dikova
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Vorhauser
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anne Geng
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernd Pelster
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
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8
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Radhakrishnan H, Javitz HS, Bhatnagar P. Lentivirus Manufacturing Process for Primary T-Cell Biofactory Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900288. [PMID: 32390316 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A process for maximizing the titer of lentivirus particles, deemed to be a necessity for transducing primary cells, is developed. Lentivirus particles, with a set of transgenes encoding an artificial cell-signaling pathway, are used to transform primary T cells as vectors for calibrated synthesis of desired proteins in situ, that is, T-cell biofactory cells. The process is also used to generate primary T cells expressing antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors, that is, CAR T cells. The two differently engineered primary T cells are expanded and validated for their respective functions, that is, calibrated synthesis of desired proteins upon engaging the target cells, which is specific for the T-cell biofactory cells, and cytolysis of the target cells common to both types of cells. The process is compliant with current Good Manufacturing Practices and can be used to support the scale-up for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harold S Javitz
- Education Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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9
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Zuvin M, Kuruoglu E, Kaya VO, Unal O, Kutlu O, Yagci Acar H, Gozuacik D, Koşar A. Magnetofection of Green Fluorescent Protein Encoding DNA-Bearing Polyethyleneimine-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles to Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12366-12374. [PMID: 31460354 PMCID: PMC6682024 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a developing method for the treatment of various diseases. For this purpose, the search for nonviral methods has recently accelerated to avoid toxic effects. A strong alternative method is magnetofection, which involves the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with a proper organic coating and external magnetic field to enhance the localization of SPIONs at the target site. In this study, a new magnetic actuation system consisting of four rare-earth magnets on a rotary table was designed and manufactured to obtain improved magnetofection. As a model, green fluorescent protein DNA-bearing polyethyleneimine-coated SPIONs were used. Magnetofection was tested on MCF7 cells. The system reduced the transfection time (down to 1 h) of the standard polyethyleneimine transfection protocol. As a result, we showed that the system could be effectively used for gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Zuvin
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Efe Kuruoglu
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Veysel Ogulcan Kaya
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Unal
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kutlu
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM
Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Havva Yagci Acar
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM
Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Koşar
- Mechatronics
Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Center of Excellence for Functional
Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM
Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orhanli, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Lee JH, Lee ST, Nam YK, Gong SP. Gene delivery into Siberian sturgeon cell lines by commercial transfection reagents. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:76-81. [PMID: 30644030 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-00316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The optimal transfection conditions for efficient transgene delivery into a specific cell type should be empirically determined, particularly in cases involving unusual cell types. We compared the conditions for effective introduction of transgenes into Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) cell lines by evaluating the cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of three commercially available transfection reagents: Lipofectamine 2000, X-tremeGENE HP DNA Transfection Reagent, and GeneJuice Transfection Reagent. Plasmid vectors containing the gene encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein were mixed with each of the transfection reagents using reagent-to-plasmid ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1. Then, the complexes were used to transfect three Siberian sturgeon cell lines derived from the heart, head kidney, and gonad. Cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency were measured via flow cytometry after propidium iodide staining. No significant cytotoxicity was observed at the optimal treatment conditions in all cases, with the exception of Lipofectamine 2000-treated gonad-derived cells. Although the transfection efficiencies in A. baerii cells were generally low, X-tremeGENE HP DNA Transfection Reagent showed the highest transfection efficiency at ratios of 2:1 or 4:1, depending on the cell type. Hence, X-tremeGENE HP DNA Transfection Reagent can be used to effectively transfer foreign genes into three A. baerii cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hun Lee
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kwon Nam
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
- Department of Marine-Biomaterials and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Seung Pyo Gong
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea.
- Department of Marine-Biomaterials and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea.
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11
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Preparation and Characterization of PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA Nanoparticles for Improvement of Transfection Efficiency and Controlled Release of DNA in Gene Delivery Systems. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:125-141. [PMID: 31089350 PMCID: PMC6487431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Tri-block poly (lactide) poly(ethylene glycol) poly(lactide) (PLA-PEG-PLA) copolymers are among the most attractive nano-carriers for gene delivery into mammalian cells, due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. However, the low efficiency of the gene delivery by these copolymers is an obstacle to gene therapy. Here, we have investigated nanoparticles formulated using the polyethylenimine (PEI) associated with PLA-PEG-PLA copolymer for efficient DNA encapsulation and delivery. PLA-PEG-PLA/DNA and PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA nanoparticles with different concentrations of PEI were prepared by the double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, morphology, biocompatibility, DNA protection, DNA release, and their ability for gene delivery into MCF-7 cells. We found that enhancing the mass ratio of PEI: (PLA-PEG-PLA) (w/w%) in the PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA nanoparticles results in an increase in particles size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and DNA release. The electrophoretic analysis confirmed that the PLA-PEG-PLA and PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI could protect DNA from ultrasound damage and nuclease degradation. MTT assay showed that the PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA had low cytotoxicity than PEI complexes. The potential of PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA nanoparticles with different concentrations of PEI as a non-viral gene delivery vector for transferring pEGFP-N1 to MCF-7 cells was examined by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that by increasing the mass ratio of PEI: (PLA-PEG-PLA) (w/w%) in PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA nanoparticles, the efficiency of the gene delivery into MCF-7 cells was improved. The results also demonstrated that PLA-PEG-PLA/PEI/DNA nanoparticles in the serum medium improved the efficiency of gene delivery more than two-fold, compared to PEI/DNA complex.
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12
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Efficient Nonviral Transfection of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Shown Using Placental Growth Factor Overexpression. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1310904. [PMID: 30675166 PMCID: PMC6323439 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1310904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) hold great therapeutic potential due to their immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative properties. Enhancement of biological features of hMSCs by transfection has become a focus of investigation for cell- and gene-based therapies. However, many of the current transient transfection methods result in either low transfection efficiency or high cytotoxicity. Methods In order to find a transfection method that would address the current issues of low transfection efficiency and high cytotoxicity, 6 commercially available cationic lipid and polymer reagents were tested on human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) using GFP as a reporter gene. One transfection method using TransIT-2020 was selected and tested with an emphasis on cell quality (viability, identity, and yield), as well as efficacy with a human placental growth factor (PlGF) plasmid. Results TransIT-2020 yielded the highest fluorescence signal per cell out of the methods that did not decrease cell recovery. Transfecting GFP to 5 hBM-MSC donors using TransIT-2020 yielded 24-36% GFP-expressing cells with a viability of 85-96%. hBM-MSC identity was unaffected as CD90, CD105, and CD73 markers were retained (>95%+) after transfection. When this method was applied to PlGF expression, there was up to a 220-fold increase in secretion. Both growth and secretion of PlGF in overexpressing hBM-MSC were sustained over 7 days, confirming the sustainability and applicability of the TransIT-2020 transfection system. Discussion We report a simple and efficient method for transient transfection that has not been reported for hBM-MSCs, encompassing high levels of plasmid expression without significant changes to fundamental hBM-MSC characteristics.
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Shi B, Xue M, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li D, Zhao X, Li X. An improved method for increasing the efficiency of gene transfection and transduction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 10:95-104. [PMID: 29755642 PMCID: PMC5943608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transfection and transduction using lentivirus has gained attention in biomedical research. To date, how to reach the maximum transfection and viral transduction efficiency is still challenging. Here we compared the transfection and viral transduction efficiency using commercially available transfection reagents including FuGENE 6, Lipofectamine 2000 and Lipofectamine 3000 in different cell lines and primary cultured cells. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was clearly seen in Eppendorf tubes from harvested cells using Lipofectamine 3000 without using a microscope and UV activation. Strong expression of EGFP was observed in HEK293 cells, mouse primary cortical neurons and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using confocal microscopy. Western blot showed the strongest EGFP expression using cell lysates from Lipofectamine 3000 transfected HEK293 cells and transduced HUVECs compared with Lipofectamine 2000 or FuGENE 6 reagents. Using Cx43 shRNA lentivirus combined with Lipofectamine 3000 transfection reagent, we can achieve about 90% Cx43 knockdown efficacy in HUVECs. Therefore, our results suggest that a much higher transfection and viral transduction efficiency can be attained by using Lipofectamine 3000 transfection reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baomin Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taishan Medical UniversityTaian, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Davey Li
- University of WaterlooWaterloo, Canada
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical UniversityTaian, China
| | - Xinbo Li
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortland, Oregon, USA
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14
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A novel rapid and reproducible flow cytometric method for optimization of transfection efficiency in cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182941. [PMID: 28863132 PMCID: PMC5580984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfection is one of the most frequently used techniques in molecular biology that is also applicable for gene therapy studies in humans. One of the biggest challenges to investigate the protein function and interaction in gene therapy studies is to have reliable monospecific detection reagents, particularly antibodies, for all human gene products. Thus, a reliable method that can optimize transfection efficiency based on not only expression of the target protein of interest but also the uptake of the nucleic acid plasmid, can be an important tool in molecular biology. Here, we present a simple, rapid and robust flow cytometric method that can be used as a tool to optimize transfection efficiency at the single cell level while overcoming limitations of prior established methods that quantify transfection efficiency. By using optimized ratios of transfection reagent and a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) vector directly labeled with a fluorochrome, this method can be used as a tool to simultaneously quantify cellular toxicity of different transfection reagents, the amount of nucleic acid plasmid that cells have taken up during transfection as well as the amount of the encoded expressed protein. Finally, we demonstrate that this method is reproducible, can be standardized and can reliably and rapidly quantify transfection efficiency, reducing assay costs and increasing throughput while increasing data robustness.
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15
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Soofiyani SR, Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Lotfipour F, Hosseini AM, Baradaran B. Gene therapy based on interleukin-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles in a mouse model of fibrosarcoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 19:1238-1244. [PMID: 27917281 PMCID: PMC5126226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interleukin-12 (IL-12) as a cytokine has been proved to have a critical role in stimulating the immune system and has been used as immunotherapeutic agents in cancer gene therapy. Chitosan as a polymer, with high ability of binding to nucleic acids is a good candidate for gene delivery since it is biodegradable, biocompatible and non-allergenic polysaccharide. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cells transfected with IL-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles on the regression of fibrosarcoma tumor cells (WEHI-164) in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS WEHI-164 tumor cells were transfected with IL-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles and then were injected subcutaneously to inoculate tumor in BALB/c mice. Tumor volumes were determined and subsequently extracted after mice sacrifice. The immunohistochemistry staining was performed for analysis of Ki-67 expression (a tumor proliferation marker) in tumor masses. The expression of IL-12 and IFN-γ were studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. RESULTS The group treated with IL-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles indicated decreasing of tumor mass[r1] volume (P<0.001). The results of western blotting and real-time PCR showed that the IL-12 expression was increased in the group. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that the Ki-67expression was reduced in the group treated with IL-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles. CONCLUSION IL-12 gene therapy using chitosan nanoparticles has therapeutic effects on the regression of tumor masses in fibrosarcoma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immonuology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sandbichler AM, Höckner M. Cadmium Protection Strategies--A Hidden Trade-Off? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010139. [PMID: 26805823 PMCID: PMC4730378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential transition metal which is introduced into the biosphere by various anthropogenic activities. Environmental pollution with Cd poses a major health risk and Cd toxicity has been extensively researched over the past decades. This review aims at changing the perspective by discussing protection mechanisms available to counteract a Cd insult. Antioxidants, induction of antioxidant enzymes, and complexation of Cd to glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) are the most potent protective measures to cope with Cd-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, protection mechanisms include prevention of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitophagy and metabolic stress, as well as expression of chaperones. Pre-exposure to Cd itself, or co-exposure to other metals or trace elements can improve viability under Cd exposure and cells have means to reduce Cd uptake and improve Cd removal. Finally, environmental factors have negative or positive effects on Cd toxicity. Most protection mechanisms aim at preventing cellular damage. However, this might not be possible without trade-offs like an increased risk of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Höckner
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Zoology, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Xiao JQ, Shi XL, Yuan XW, Ding YT. Development of human bone marrow derived cells lines stably expressing Tet regulated hepatocyte growth factor or fibroblast growth factor 4 gene. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:4317-4325. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i27.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop human bone marrow derived cells lines stably expressing Tet regulated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene.
METHODS: HGF and FGF4 genes were synthesized and then cloned into a lentiviral vector to result in plenti6.3/TO-HGF and plenti6.3/TO-FGF4, respectively. Lenti3.3/TR was transfected into UE7T-13 cells to develop a UE7T-13-TR cell line possessing Tet-on gene swift. Then, plenti6.3/TO-HGF and plenti6.3/TO-FGF4 were used to transfect UE7T-13-TR cell to result in UE7T-13-TR-HGF cell line that could stably express Tet regulated HGF and UE7T-13-TR-FGF4 cell line that could stably express Tet regulated FGF4. The expression of target genes was detected by Q-PCR, and the levels and secretion of proteins were detected by Western blot and ELISA.
RESULTS: We successfully developed UE7T-13-TR-HGF and UE7T-13-TR-FGF4 cell lines. Q-PCR analysis verified that the expression of the HGF gene in UE7T-13-TR-HGF in the presence of Tet was 78-fold higher than that in the absence of Tet, and the fold change for FGF4 was more than 20 thousand folds. Western blot and ELISA analyses verified that HGF and FGF4 proteins could be synthesized and secreted outside the cell membrane.
CONCLUSION: We have successfully developed UE7T-13-TR-HGF and UE7T-13-TR-FGF4 cell lines through lentiviral transfection, which lays a foundation for further study.
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18
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Zhao X, Jiang C, Olufade R, Liu D, Emmett N. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Enhances Endocytosis of Albumin in Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:896-907. [PMID: 26332568 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-mediated endocytosis plays an important role in albumin reabsorption by renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a scavenger receptor that is upregulated on the apical membrane of proximal tubules in proteinuric kidney disease. In this study, we examined the cellular localization and functional role of KIM-1 in cultured renal tubule epithelial cells (TECs). Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy reveals intracellular and cell surface localization of KIM-1 in primary renal TECs. Albumin stimulation resulted in a redistribution of KIM-1 and tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 in primary TEC monolayer. An increase in albumin internalization was observed in both primary TECs expressing endogenous KIM-1 and rat kidney cell line (NRK-52E) overexpressing exogenous KIM-1. KIM-1-induced albumin accumulation was abolished by its specific antibody. Moreover, endocytosed KIM-1 and its cargo proteins were delivered from endosomes to lysosomes for degradation in a clathrin-dependent pathway. Supportive evidence includes (1) detection of KIM-1 in Rab5-positive early endosomes, Rab7-positive late endosomes/multivesicular bodies, and LAMP1-positive lysosomes, (2) colocalization of KIM-1 and clathrin in the intracellular vesicles, and (3) blockade of KIM-1-mediated albumin internalization by chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. KIM-1 expression was upregulated by albumin but downregulated by transforming growth factor-β1. Taken together, our data indicate that KIM-1 increases albumin endocytosis in renal tubule epithelial cells, at least partially via a clathrin-dependent mechanism. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 896-907, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca Olufade
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nerimiah Emmett
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Ruyra A, Torrealba D, Morera D, Tort L, MacKenzie S, Roher N. Zebrafish liver (ZFL) cells are able to mount an anti-viral response after stimulation with Poly (I:C). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 182:55-63. [PMID: 25536407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a widely used model species for biomedical research and is also starting to be a model for aquaculture research. The ZFL cell line, established from zebrafish liver, has been mostly used in toxicological and ecotoxicological studies. However, no studies have previously characterised this cell line in regard to its immunological response. The aim of this work was to study the gene expression response of the ZFL cell line after incubation with different prototypical immune stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), zymosan, and with a special focus on the dsRNA Poly (I:C). Using PCR, microarrays, and confocal microscopy we have explored the response of the ZFL cells against Poly (I:C). This study shows that the ZFL is able to uptake very efficiently the Poly (I:C) and mount a strong anti-viral response. We can conclude that ZFL could be used not only in toxicological studies, but also in studying anti-viral responses in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angels Ruyra
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina - Parc de Recerca UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Debora Torrealba
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina - Parc de Recerca UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia Animal i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Davinia Morera
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina - Parc de Recerca UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia Animal i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lluís Tort
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia Animal i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Simon MacKenzie
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - Nerea Roher
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina - Parc de Recerca UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia Animal i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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20
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Tonelli FMP, Lacerda SMSN, Silva MA, Ávila ES, Ladeira LO, França LR, Resende RR. Gene delivery to Nile tilapia spermatogonial stem cells using carboxi-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05621c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxi-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs), when complexed with DNA, can promote gene delivery to Nile tilapia spermatogonial stem cells with higher transfection efficiency than cationic lipids or electroporation, causing also less cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. M. P. Tonelli
- Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - S. M. S. N. Lacerda
- Cell Biology Laboratory
- Department of Morphology
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - M. A. Silva
- Cell Biology Laboratory
- Department of Morphology
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - E. S. Ávila
- Nanomaterials Laboratory
- Department of Physics and Center of Microscopy
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L. O. Ladeira
- Nanomaterials Laboratory
- Department of Physics and Center of Microscopy
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L. R. França
- Cell Biology Laboratory
- Department of Morphology
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - R. R. Resende
- Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Correction. Biores Open Access 2013. [PMCID: PMC3650651 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2012.0287.cxn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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