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Vozzella VJ, Bittner RA, Ranellone TS, Grimm KM, Palmer KN, Carpio AN, Abel QC, Moschonas EH, Bondi CO, Kline AE. A bridge to recovery: Acute amantadine prior to environmental enrichment after brain trauma augments cognitive benefit. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114648. [PMID: 38081352 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) facilitates motor and cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Historically, EE has been provided immediately and continuously after TBI, but this paradigm does not model the clinic where rehabilitation is typically not initiated until after critical care. Yet, treating TBI early may facilitate recovery. Hence, we sought to provide amantadine (AMT) as a bridge therapy before commencing EE. It was hypothesized that bridging EE with AMT would augment motor and cognitive benefits. Anesthetized adult male rats received a cortical impact (2.8 mm deformation at 4 m/s) or sham surgery and then were housed in standard (STD) conditions where they received intraperitoneal AMT (10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg) or saline vehicle (VEH; 1 mL/kg) beginning 24 h after surgery and once daily during the 6-day bridge phase or once daily for 19 days for the non-bridge groups (i.e., continuously STD-housed) to compare the effects of acute AMT plus EE vs. chronic AMT alone. Abbreviated EE, which was presented to closer emulate clinical rehabilitation (e.g., 6 h/day), began on day 7 for the AMT bridge and chronic EE groups. Motor (beam-walking) and cognition (acquisition of spatial learning and memory) were assessed on days 7-11 and 14-19, respectively. Cortical lesion volume and hippocampal cell survival were quantified on day 21. EE, whether provided in combination with VEH or AMT, and AMT (20 mg/kg) + STD, benefitted motor and cognition vs. the STD-housed VEH and AMT (10 mg/kg) groups (p < 0.05). The AMT (20 mg/kg) + EE group performed better than the VEH + EE, AMT (10 mg/kg) + EE, and AMT (20 mg/kg) + STD groups in the acquisition of spatial learning (p < 0.05) but did not differ in motor function (p > 0.05). All groups receiving EE exhibited decreased cortical lesion volumes and increased CA3 neuron survival relative to the STD-housed groups (p < 0.05) but did not differ from one another (p > 0.05). The added cognitive benefit achieved by bridging EE with AMT (20 mg/kg) supports the hypothesis that the temporal separation of combinational therapies is more effective after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent J Vozzella
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Rachel A Bittner
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Tyler S Ranellone
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Kelsey M Grimm
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Kelsey N Palmer
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Anna N Carpio
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Quinn C Abel
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Eleni H Moschonas
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America.
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Arya S, Bahuguna D, Bajad G, Loharkar S, Devangan P, Khatri DK, Singh SB, Madan J. Colloidal therapeutics in the management of traumatic brain injury: Portray of biomarkers and drug-targets, preclinical and clinical pieces of evidence and future prospects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 230:113509. [PMID: 37595379 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Complexity associated with the aberrant physiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) makes its therapeutic targeting vulnerable. The underlying mechanisms of pathophysiology of TBI are yet to be completely illustrated. Primary injury in TBI is associated with contusions and axonal shearing whereas excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, free radicals generation, and neuroinflammation are considered under secondary injury. MicroRNAs, proinflammatory cytokines, and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) recently emerged as biomarkers in TBI. In addition, several approved therapeutic entities have been explored to target existing and newly identified drug-targets in TBI. However, drug delivery in TBI is hampered due to disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in secondary TBI, as well as inadequate drug-targeting and retention effect. Colloidal therapeutics appeared helpful in providing enhanced drug availability to the brain owing to definite targeting strategies. Moreover, immense efforts have been put together to achieve increased bioavailability of therapeutics to TBI by devising effective targeting strategies. The potential of colloidal therapeutics to efficiently deliver drugs at the site of injury and down-regulate the mediators of TBI are serving as novel policies in the management of TBI. Therefore, in present manuscript, we have illuminated a myriad of molecular-targets currently identified and recognized in TBI. Moreover, particular emphasis is given to frame armamentarium of repurpose drugs which could be utilized to block molecular targets in TBI in addition to drug delivery barriers. The critical role of colloidal therapeutics such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes in drug delivery to TBI through invasive and non-invasive routes has also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Deepankar Bahuguna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gopal Bajad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Soham Loharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pawan Devangan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Müller T, Kuhn W. Effects of Amantadine Sulfate on Motor Impairment and Execution of Motor Sequences in Patients With Parkinson Disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 2023; 46:171-174. [PMID: 37747998 DOI: 10.1097/wnf.0000000000000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous application of amantadine sulfate induces a rapid improvement of motor behavior in patients with Parkinson disease. OBJECTIVES To determine efficacy of daily infusion of 200 mg amantadine sulfate on scored motor symptoms and performance of standardized movement sequences with components of low and high cognitive efforts. METHODS Thirty-one participants received infusions of amantadine sulfate in addition to their previous stable drug regimens on 3 consecutive days. Motor symptoms of upper limbs were determined with selected items of the part motor examination of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Instrumental tasks were executed under cued conditions before and after the infusions. RESULTS Scored motor symptoms and components with a need for a higher cognitive load became better. Performance of motion series, characterized by an automated set with low cognitive efforts, did not improve. CONCLUSION Our trial outcomes suggest that the amantadine has a positive impact on cognitive abilities, drive, and vigilance, all of which are necessary for carrying out of higher brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Müller
- Department of Neurology, St Joseph Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Berlin
| | - Wilfried Kuhn
- Department of Neurology, Leopoldina Hospital Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany
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Noriega‐Navarro R, Martínez‐Tapia RJ, González‐Rivera R, Ochoa‐Sánchez A, Abarca‐Magaña JC, Landa‐Navarro L, Rodríguez‐Mata V, Ugalde‐Muñiz P, Pérez‐Torres A, Landa A, Navarro L. The effect of thioredoxin-1 in a rat model of traumatic brain injury depending on diurnal variation. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3031. [PMID: 37157915 PMCID: PMC10275561 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health concern with limited treatment options because it causes a cascade of side effects that are the leading cause of hospital death. Thioredoxin is an enzyme with neuroprotective properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptotic, immune response modulator, and neurogenic, among others; it has been considered a therapeutic target for treating many disorders. METHODS The controlled cortical impact (CCI) model was used to assess the effect of recombinant human thioredoxin 1 (rhTrx1) (1 μg/2 μL, intracortical) on rats subjected to TBI at two different times of the light-dark cycle (01:00 and 13:00 h). We analyzed the food intake, body weight loss, motor coordination, pain perception, and histology in specific hippocampus (CA1, CA2, CA3, and Dental Gyrus) and striatum (caudate-putamen) areas. RESULTS Body weight loss, reduced food intake, spontaneous pain, motor impairment, and neuronal damage in specific hippocampus and striatum regions are more evident in rats subjected to TBI in the light phase than in the dark phase of the cycle and in groups that did not receive rhTrx1 or minocycline (as positive control). Three days after TBI, there is a recovery in body weight, food intake, motor impairment, and pain, which is more pronounced in the rats subjected to TBI at the dark phase of the cycle and those that received rhTrx1 or minocycline. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the time of day a TBI occurs in connection to the neuroprotective mechanisms of the immune response in diurnal variation and the usage of the Trx1 protein might have a beneficial therapeutic impact in promoting quick recovery after a TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Noriega‐Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | | | - Rubén González‐Rivera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Alicia Ochoa‐Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Julio César Abarca‐Magaña
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Lucía Landa‐Navarro
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Verónica Rodríguez‐Mata
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Perla Ugalde‐Muñiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Armando Pérez‐Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Abraham Landa
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Luz Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
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Craine TJ, Race NS, Kutash LA, Iouchmanov AL, Moschonas EH, O'Neil DA, Sunleaf CR, Patel A, Patel N, Grobengeiser KO, Marshall IP, Magdelinic TN, Cheng JP, Bondi CO. Milnacipran Ameliorates Executive Function Impairments following Frontal Lobe Traumatic Brain Injury in Male Rats: A Multimodal Behavioral Assessment. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:112-124. [PMID: 35979888 PMCID: PMC10024072 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) affect more than 10 million patients annually worldwide, causing long-term cognitive and psychosocial impairments. Frontal lobe TBIs commonly impair executive function, but laboratory models typically focus primarily on spatial learning and declarative memory. We implemented a multi-modal approach for clinically relevant cognitive-behavioral assessments of frontal lobe function in rats with TBI and assessed treatment benefits of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, milnacipran (MLN). Two attentional set-shifting tasks (AST) evaluated cognitive flexibility via the rats' ability to locate food-based rewards by learning, unlearning, and relearning sequential rule sets with shifting salient cues. Adult male rats reached stable pre-injury operant AST (oAST) performance in 3-4 weeks, then were isoflurane-anesthetized, subjected to a unilateral frontal lobe controlled cortical impact (2.4 mm depth, 4 m/sec velocity) or Sham injury, and randomized to treatment conditions. Milnacipran (30 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (VEH; 10% ethanol in saline) was administered intraperitoneally via implanted osmotic minipumps (continuous infusions post-surgery, 60 μL/h). Rats had a 10-day recovery post-TBI/Sham before performing light/location-based oAST for 10 days and, subsequently, odor/media-based digging AST (dAST) on the last test day (26-27 days post-injury) before sacrifice. Both AST tests revealed significant deficits in TBI+VEH rats, seen as elevated total trials and errors (p < 0.05), which generally normalized in MLN-treated rats (p < 0.05). This first simultaneous dual AST assessment demonstrates oAST and dAST are sufficiently sensitive and robust to detect subtle attentional and cognitive flexibility executive impairments after frontal lobe TBI in rats. Chronic MLN administration shows promise for attenuation of post-TBI executive function deficits, thus meriting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Craine
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas S. Race
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Association of Academic Physiatrists Rehabilitation Medicine Scientist Training Program, Owings Mills, Maryland, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Kutash
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna L. Iouchmanov
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eleni H. Moschonas
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darik A. O'Neil
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carlson R. Sunleaf
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aarti Patel
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nima Patel
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine O. Grobengeiser
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian P. Marshall
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Taylor N. Magdelinic
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Cheng
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corina O. Bondi
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Öcal Ö, Coşar A, Nazıroğlu M. Amantadine Attenuated Hypoxia-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Neurotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Inflammation via the Inhibition of TRPM2 and TRPV4 Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3703-3720. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Danysz W, Dekundy A, Scheschonka A, Riederer P. Amantadine: reappraisal of the timeless diamond-target updates and novel therapeutic potentials. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:127-169. [PMID: 33624170 PMCID: PMC7901515 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current review was to provide a new, in-depth insight into possible pharmacological targets of amantadine to pave the way to extending its therapeutic use to further indications beyond Parkinson's disease symptoms and viral infections. Considering amantadine's affinities in vitro and the expected concentration at targets at therapeutic doses in humans, the following primary targets seem to be most plausible: aromatic amino acids decarboxylase, glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor, sigma-1 receptors, phosphodiesterases, and nicotinic receptors. Further three targets could play a role to a lesser extent: NMDA receptors, 5-HT3 receptors, and potassium channels. Based on published clinical studies, traumatic brain injury, fatigue [e.g., in multiple sclerosis (MS)], and chorea in Huntington's disease should be regarded potential, encouraging indications. Preclinical investigations suggest amantadine's therapeutic potential in several further indications such as: depression, recovery after spinal cord injury, neuroprotection in MS, and cutaneous pain. Query in the database http://www.clinicaltrials.gov reveals research interest in several further indications: cancer, autism, cocaine abuse, MS, diabetes, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, obesity, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Danysz
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH., Eckenheimer Landstraße 100, 60318, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andrzej Dekundy
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH., Eckenheimer Landstraße 100, 60318, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid Scheschonka
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH., Eckenheimer Landstraße 100, 60318, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Riederer
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Vinslows Vey 18, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
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Ramazanov GR, Kovaleva EA, Shevchenko EV, Akhmatkhanova LKB. [The use of amantadine sulfate in ischemic stroke]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 120:56-59. [PMID: 33449534 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012012256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of amantadine sulfate in patients with ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety five patients with ischemic stroke were randomized within 120 hours from the onset of symptoms into two groups: patients of the main group received amantadine sulfate (400 mg/day intravenously) for 4 days, followed by oral administration at 400 mg/day for 6 days; the comparison group received standard therapy according to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 928n. The observation period for the patients was 90 days. The main indicators of treatment efficacy were: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Bartel Index (BI), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and mortality. Any side effects were recorded to assess safety. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION There were no statistically significant differences between the main group and the comparison group for the main parameters. However, we observed better results in patients with mild stroke (NIHSS <13 points) and atherothrombotic pathogenetic variant of ischemic stroke. This observation should be confirmed in subsequent clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Ramazanov
- Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Kovaleva
- Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Shevchenko
- Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow, Russia
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Radabaugh H, Bonnell J, Schwartz O, Sarkar D, Dietrich WD, Bramlett HM. Use of Machine Learning to Re-Assess Patterns of Multivariate Functional Recovery after Fluid Percussion Injury: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:1670-1678. [PMID: 33107380 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Yet, despite immense research efforts, treatment options remain elusive. Translational failures in TBI are often attributed to the heterogeneity of the TBI population and limited methods to capture these individual variabilities. Advances in machine learning (ML) have the potential to further personalized treatment strategies and better inform translational research. However, the use of ML has yet to be widely assessed in pre-clinical neurotrauma research, where data are strictly limited in subject number. To better establish ML's feasibility, we utilized the fluid percussion injury (FPI) portion of the rich, rat data set collected by Operation Brain Trauma Therapy (OBTT), which tested multiple pharmacological treatments. Previous work has provided confidence that both unsupervised and supervised ML techniques can uncover useful insights from this OBTT pre-clinical research data set. As a proof-of-concept, we aimed to better evaluate the multi-variate recovery profiles afforded by the administration of nine different experimental therapies. We assessed supervised pairwise classifiers trained on a pre-processed data set that incorporated metrics from four feature groups to determine their ability to correctly identify specific drug treatments. In all but one of the possible pairwise combinations of minocycline, levetiracetam, erythropoietin, nicotinamide, and amantadine, the baseline was outperformed by one or more supervised classifiers, the exception being nicotinamide versus amantadine. Further, when the same methods were employed to assess different doses of the same treatment, the ML classifiers had greater difficulty in understanding which treatment each sample received. Our data serve as a critical first step toward identifying optimal treatments for specific subgroups of samples that are dependent on factors such as types and severity of traumatic injuries, as well as informing the prediction of therapeutic combinations that may lead to greater treatment effects than individual therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Radabaugh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jerry Bonnell
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Odelia Schwartz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dilip Sarkar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
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Li Y, Jiang Y, Lin T, Wan Q, Yang X, Xu G, Huang J, Li Z. Amantadine hydrochloride monitoring by dried plasma spot technique: High‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry based clinical assay. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2264-2269. [PMID: 32160411 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe 1st Hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Breast DiseaseThe Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityInstitute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation of Qingdao University Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityInstitute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation of Qingdao University Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Yang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe 1st Hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Guoxing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe 1st hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe 1st Hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
| | - Zhenlan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe 1st hospital of Jilin University Changchun P. R. China
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Loggini A, Tangonan R, El Ammar F, Mansour A, Goldenberg FD, Kramer CL, Lazaridis C. The role of amantadine in cognitive recovery early after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 194:105815. [PMID: 32244036 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We conducted an updated systematic review on the safety and efficacy of amantadine in cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI), in order to determine if the current literature justifies its use in this clinical condition. A comprehensive search strategy was applied to three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane). Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the effect of amantadine and placebo in adults within 3 months of TBI were included in the review. Study characteristics, outcomes, and methodological quality were synthesized. This systematic review was conducted and presented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) was not feasible due to the large heterogeneity of studies identified. Three parallel RCTs and one cross-over RCT, with a total of 325 patients were included. All of the studies evaluated only severe TBI in adults. Amantadine was found to be well tolerated across the studies. Two RCTs reported improvement in the intermediate-term cognitive recovery (four to six weeks after end of treatment), using DRS (in both studies) and MMSE, GOS, and FIM-Cog (in one study). The effect of amantadine on the short-term (seven days to discharge) and long-term (six months from the injury) cognitive outcome was found not superior to placebo in two RCTs. The rate of severe adverse events was found to be consistently very low across the studies (the incidence of seizures, elevation in liver enzymes and cardiac death was 0.7 %, 1.9 %, and 0.3 %, respectively). In conclusion, amantadine seems to be well tolerated and might hasten the rate of cognitive recovery in the intermediate-term outcome. However, the long-term effect of amantadine in cognitive recovery is not well defined and further large randomized clinical trials in refined subgroups of patients are needed to better define its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Loggini
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Ruth Tangonan
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Faten El Ammar
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ali Mansour
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Fernando D Goldenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher L Kramer
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christos Lazaridis
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
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Executive (dys)function after traumatic brain injury: special considerations for behavioral pharmacology. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 29:617-637. [PMID: 30215621 PMCID: PMC6155367 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Executive function is an umbrella term that includes cognitive processes such as decision-making, impulse control, attention, behavioral flexibility, and working memory. Each of these processes depends largely upon monoaminergic (dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic) neurotransmission in the frontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, among other brain areas. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces disruptions in monoaminergic signaling along several steps in the neurotransmission process - synthesis, distribution, and breakdown - and in turn, produces long-lasting deficits in several executive function domains. Understanding how TBI alters monoamingeric neurotransmission and executive function will advance basic knowledge of the underlying principles that govern executive function and potentially further treatment of cognitive deficits following such injury. In this review, we examine the influence of TBI on the following measures of executive function - impulsivity, behavioral flexibility, and working memory. We also describe monoaminergic-systems changes following TBI. Given that TBI patients experience alterations in monoaminergic signaling following injury, they may represent a unique population with regard to pharmacotherapy. We conclude this review by discussing some considerations for pharmacotherapy in the field of TBI.
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13
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Tomov N, Surchev L, Wiedenmann C, Döbrössy M, Nikkhah G. Roscovitine, an experimental CDK5 inhibitor, causes delayed suppression of microglial, but not astroglial recruitment around intracerebral dopaminergic grafts. Exp Neurol 2019; 318:135-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kochanek PM, Bramlett HM, Dixon CE, Dietrich WD, Mondello S, Wang KKW, Hayes RL, Lafrenaye A, Povlishock JT, Tortella FC, Poloyac SM, Empey P, Shear DA. Operation Brain Trauma Therapy: 2016 Update. Mil Med 2019; 183:303-312. [PMID: 29635589 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usx184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Operation brain trauma therapy (OBTT) is a multi-center, pre-clinical drug and biomarker screening consortium for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Therapies are screened across three rat models (parasagittal fluid percussion injury, controlled cortical impact [CCI], and penetrating ballistic-like brain injury). Operation brain trauma therapy seeks to define therapies that show efficacy across models that should have the best chance in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and/or to define model-dependent therapeutic effects, including TBI protein biomarker responses, to guide precision medicine-based clinical trials in targeted pathologies. The results of the first five therapies tested by OBTT (nicotinamide, erythropoietin, cyclosporine [CsA], simvastatin, and levetiracetam) were published in the Journal of Neurotrauma. Operation brain trauma therapy now describes preliminary results on four additional therapies (glibenclamide, kollidon-VA64, AER-271, and amantadine). To date, levetiracetam was beneficial on cognitive outcome, histology, and/or biomarkers in two models. The second most successful drug, glibenclamide, improved motor function and histology in CCI. Other therapies showed model-dependent effects (amantadine and CsA). Critically, glial fibrillary acidic protein levels predicted treatment effects. Operation brain trauma therapy suggests that levetiracetam merits additional pre-clinical and clinical evaluation and that glibenclamide and amantadine merit testing in specific TBI phenotypes. Operation brain trauma therapy has established that rigorous, multi-center consortia could revolutionize TBI therapy and biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- Program for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Ronald L Hayes
- Center for Innovative Research, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., 13400 Progress Blvd., Alachua, FL 32615
| | - Audrey Lafrenaye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298
| | - John T Povlishock
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298
| | - Frank C Tortella
- Department of the Army, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500
| | - Samuel M Poloyac
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Philip Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Deborah A Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500
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Bleimeister IH, Wolff M, Lam TR, Brooks DM, Patel R, Cheng JP, Bondi CO, Kline AE. Environmental enrichment and amantadine confer individual but nonadditive enhancements in motor and spatial learning after controlled cortical impact injury. Brain Res 2019; 1714:227-233. [PMID: 30876859 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) and amantadine (AMT) enhance motor and cognitive outcome after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there are no data on the effects of combining these two therapies. Hence, the aim of the current study was to combine EE and AMT after TBI to determine if their net effect further enhances motor and cognitive performance. Anesthetized adult male rats received either a cortical impact of moderate severity or sham injury and then were randomly assigned to EE or standard (STD) housing and once daily administration of AMT (20 mg/kg; i.p.) or saline vehicle (VEH, 1 mL/kg; i.p.) beginning 24 h after injury for 19 days. Motor and cognitive function were assessed on post-surgical days 1-5 and 14-19, respectively. Cortical lesion volume was quantified on day 21. There were no statistical differences among the sham groups regardless of therapy, so the data were pooled. EE, AMT, and their combination (EE + AMT) improved beam-balance, but only EE and EE + AMT enhanced beam-walking. All three treatment paradigms improved spatial learning and memory relative to the VEH-treated STD controls (p < 0.05). No differences were revealed between the EE groups, regardless of treatment, but both were better than the AMT-treated STD group on beam-walking and spatial learning (p < 0.05). Both EE groups equally reduced cortical lesion volume relative to the STD-housed AMT and VEH groups (p < 0.05). The results indicate that although beneficial on their own, EE + AMT do not provide additional benefits after TBI. It is important to note that the lack of additive effects using the current treatment and behavioral protocols does not detract from the benefits of each individual therapy. The findings provide insight for future combination studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel H Bleimeister
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Mia Wolff
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Tracey R Lam
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Derrick M Brooks
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Reece Patel
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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16
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Pavlova V, Filipova E, Uzunova K, Kalinov K, Vekov T. Pioglitazone Therapy and Fractures: Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 18:502-507. [PMID: 29683100 DOI: 10.2174/1871530318666180423121833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thiazolidinediones are a group of synthetic medications used in type 2 diabetes treatment. Among available thiazolidinediones, pioglitazone is gaining increased attention due to its lower cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers and seems a promising future therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that diabetic patients may exert bone fractures due to such treatments. Simultaneously, the female population is thought to be at greater risk. Still, the safety outcomes of pioglitazone treatment especially in terms of fractures are questionable and need to be clarified. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, PsyInfo, eLIBRARY.ru electronic databases and clinical trial registries for studies reporting an association between pioglitazone and bone fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients published before Feb 15, 2016. Among 1536 sources that were initially identified, six studies including 3172 patients proved relevant for further analysis. RESULT Pooled analysis of the included studies demonstrated that after treatment with pioglitazone patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had no significant increase in fracture risk [odds ratio (OR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82 to 1.71, p=0.38] compared to other antidiabetic drugs or placebo. Additionally, no association was found between the risk of fractures and pioglitazone therapy duration. The gender of the patients involved was not relevant to the risk of fractures, too. CONCLUSION Pioglitazone treatment in diabetic patients does not increase the incidence of bone fractures. Moreover, there is no significant association between patients' fractures, their gender and the period of exposure to pioglitazone. Additional longitudinal studies need to be undertaken to obtain more detailed information on bone fragility and pioglitazone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velichka Pavlova
- Science Department, Tchaikapharma High-Quality Medicines, Inc., 1 G.M. Dimitrov Blvd, 1172 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Filipova
- Science Department, Tchaikapharma High-Quality Medicines, Inc., 1 G.M. Dimitrov Blvd, 1172 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Katya Uzunova
- Science Department, Tchaikapharma High-Quality Medicines, Inc., 1 G.M. Dimitrov Blvd, 1172 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Krassimir Kalinov
- Department of Informatics, New Bulgarian University, 21 Montevideo Street, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Toni Vekov
- Medical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dean, Pleven, Bulgaria
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Okigbo AA, Helkowski MS, Royes BJ, Bleimeister IH, Lam TR, Bao GC, Cheng JP, Bondi CO, Kline AE. Dose-dependent neurorestorative effects of amantadine after cortical impact injury. Neurosci Lett 2018; 694:69-73. [PMID: 30472358 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous pharmacotherapies have been evaluated after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). While amantadine (AMT) has shown potential for clinical efficacy, the few studies on its effectiveness have been mixed. It is possible that suboptimal dosing, due to the evaluation of only one dose, may be causing the discrepancies in outcomes. Hence, the goal of the current study was to conduct a dose response of AMT after TBI to determine an optimal behavioral benefit. Anesthetized adult male rats received either a cortical impact of moderate severity or sham injury and then were randomly assigned to receive once daily intraperitoneally injections of AMT (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) or saline vehicle (VEH, 1 mL/kg) commencing 24 h after injury for 19 days. Motor and cognitive function were assessed on post-operative days 1-5 and 14-19, respectively. There were no statistical differences among the sham groups treated with AMT or VEH so the data were pooled. AMT (20 mg/kg) facilitated beam-balance recovery and spatial learning relative to VEH-treated controls (p < 0.05). No other doses of AMT were effective. These results indicate that dosing should be carefully considered when assessing the effects of pharmacotherapies after TBI so that potential benefits are not inadvertently missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaora A Okigbo
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Michael S Helkowski
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Brittany J Royes
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Isabel H Bleimeister
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Tracey R Lam
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Gina C Bao
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States.
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18
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Mohammad H, Sekar S, Wei Z, Moien-Afshari F, Taghibiglou C. Perampanel but Not Amantadine Prevents Behavioral Alterations and Epileptogenesis in Pilocarpine Rat Model of Status Epilepticus. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2508-2523. [PMID: 30039334 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE), which results in the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) activates glutamatergic receptors that contribute to seizure sustenance and neuronal cell death. In the current study, we evaluate whether the exposure to perampanel, an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor blocker, or amantadine, a N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor blocker would reduce the SE-induced long-term consequences. SE was induced in adult male Sprague Dawley rats with pilocarpine. Perampanel or amantadine was injected 10 or 60 min after SE onset. The efficacy of either, in overcoming pilocarpine-induced SE was assessed using electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. In addition, alterations in cognitive function, development of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs), and hippocampal damage that are generally encountered after SE were also assessed at 72 h and 5 weeks after the induction of SE. Our results indicate that both early and late treatment with perampanel but not amantadine significantly reduced seizure activity. Furthermore, perampanel but not amantadine, reversed the memory deficits in Y-maze and novel object recognition (NOR) tests and retarded the appearance of SRSs. Moreover, perampanel treatment led to reduced SE-induced caspase-3 activation in the hippocampal lysates. Taken together, the data obtained from the study reveals that blocking AMPA receptors by perampanel can modify SE-induced long-term consequences. Our results may provide a proof of principle for the potential therapeutic application of perampanel in clinical use for status epilepticus in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Sathiya Sekar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zelan Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Farzad Moien-Afshari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Colombia, 8247-2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Changiz Taghibiglou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Chen YH, Huang EYK, Kuo TT, Miller J, Chiang YH, Hoffer BJ. Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Dopaminergic Transmission. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1156-1168. [PMID: 28933212 PMCID: PMC5657731 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717714105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain trauma is often associated with severe morbidity and is a major public health concern. Even when injury is mild and no obvious anatomic disruption is seen, many individuals suffer disabling neuropsychological impairments such as memory loss, mood dysfunction, substance abuse, and adjustment disorder. These changes may be related to subtle disruption of neural circuits as well as functional changes at the neurotransmitter level. In particular, there is considerable evidence that dopamine (DA) physiology in the nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic pathways might be impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Alterations in DA levels can lead to oxidative stress and cellular dysfunction, and DA plays an important role in central nervous system inflammation. Therapeutic targeting of DA pathways may offer benefits for both neuronal survival and functional outcome after TBI. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of DA pathology in acute TBI and the potential impact of therapies that target these systems for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Yuan-Hao Chen, Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, 4F, No. 325, 2nd Sec., Cheng-Kung Road, Nei-Hu District, Taipei City, 114 Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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20
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Kochanek PM, Bramlett HM, Shear DA, Dixon CE, Mondello S, Dietrich WD, Hayes RL, Wang KKW, Poloyac SM, Empey PE, Povlishock JT, Mountney A, Browning M, Deng-Bryant Y, Yan HQ, Jackson TC, Catania M, Glushakova O, Richieri SP, Tortella FC. Synthesis of Findings, Current Investigations, and Future Directions: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy. J Neurotrauma 2016; 33:606-14. [PMID: 26671284 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Operation Brain Trauma Therapy (OBTT) is a fully operational, rigorous, and productive multicenter, pre-clinical drug and circulating biomarker screening consortium for the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this article, we synthesize the findings from the first five therapies tested by OBTT and discuss both the current work that is ongoing and potential future directions. Based on the results generated from the first five therapies tested within the exacting approach used by OBTT, four (nicotinamide, erythropoietin, cyclosporine A, and simvastatin) performed below or well below what was expected based on the published literature. OBTT has identified, however, the early post-TBI administration of levetiracetam as a promising agent and has advanced it to a gyrencephalic large animal model--fluid percussion injury in micropigs. The sixth and seventh therapies have just completed testing (glibenclamide and Kollidon VA 64), and an eighth drug (AER 271) is in testing. Incorporation of circulating brain injury biomarker assessments into these pre-clinical studies suggests considerable potential for diagnostic and theranostic utility of glial fibrillary acidic protein in pre-clinical studies. Given the failures in clinical translation of therapies in TBI, rigorous multicenter, pre-clinical approaches to therapeutic screening such as OBTT may be important for the ultimate translation of therapies to the human condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Kochanek
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- 2 Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, Florida.,3 Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
| | - Deborah A Shear
- 4 Brain Trauma Neuroprotection/Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - C Edward Dixon
- 5 Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stefania Mondello
- 6 Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- 2 Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, Florida
| | - Ronald L Hayes
- 7 Center for Innovative Research, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Banyan Biomarkers, Inc. , Alachua, Florida
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- 8 Center of Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida
| | - Samuel M Poloyac
- 9 Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip E Empey
- 9 Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John T Povlishock
- 10 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| | - Andrea Mountney
- 4 Brain Trauma Neuroprotection/Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Megan Browning
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ying Deng-Bryant
- 4 Brain Trauma Neuroprotection/Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Hong Q Yan
- 5 Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis C Jackson
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Frank C Tortella
- 4 Brain Trauma Neuroprotection/Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
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Lyeth BG. Historical Review of the Fluid-Percussion TBI Model. Front Neurol 2016; 7:217. [PMID: 27994570 PMCID: PMC5133434 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern worldwide. Laboratory studies utilizing animal models of TBI are essential for addressing pathological mechanisms of brain injury and development of innovative treatments. Over the past 75 years, pioneering head injury researchers have devised and tested a number of fluid percussive methods to reproduce the concussive clinical syndrome in animals. The fluid-percussion brain injury technique has evolved from early investigations that applied a generalized loading of the brain to more recent computer-controlled systems. Of the many preclinical TBI models, the fluid-percussion technique is one of the most extensively characterized and widely used models. Some of the most important advances involved the development of the Stalhammer device to produce concussion in cats and the later characterization of this device for application in rodents. The goal of this historical review is to provide readers with an appreciation for the time and effort expended by the pioneering researchers who have led to today's state of the art fluid-percussion animal models of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G. Lyeth
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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22
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Haar CV, Lam FC, Adams WA, Riparip LK, Kaur S, Muthukrishna M, Rosi S, Winstanley CA. Frontal Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats Causes Long-Lasting Impairments in Impulse Control That Are Differentially Sensitive to Pharmacotherapeutics and Associated with Chronic Neuroinflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1531-1542. [PMID: 27525447 PMCID: PMC9487719 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions yearly, and is increasingly associated with chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms. We assessed the long-term effects of different bilateral frontal controlled cortical impact injury severities (mild, moderate, and severe) on the five-choice serial reaction time task, a paradigm with relatively independent measurements of attention, motor impulsivity, and motivation. Moderately- and severely injured animals exhibited impairments across all cognitive domains that were still evident 14 weeks postinjury, while mild-injured animals only demonstrated persistent deficits in impulse control. However, recovery of function varied considerably between subjects such that some showed no impairment ("TBI-resilient"), some demonstrated initial deficits that recovered ("TBI-vulnerable"), and some never recovered ("chronically-impaired"). Three clinically relevant treatments for impulse-control or TBI, amphetamine, atomoxetine, and amantadine, were assessed for efficacy in treating injury-induced deficits. Susceptibility to TBI affected the response to pharmacological challenge with amphetamine. Whereas sham and TBI-resilient animals showed characteristic impairments in impulse control at higher doses, amphetamine had the opposite effect in chronically impaired rats, improving task performance. In contrast, atomoxetine and amantadine reduced premature responding but increased omissions, suggesting psychomotor slowing. Analysis of brain tissue revealed that generalized neuroinflammation was associated with impulsivity even when accounting for the degree of brain damage. This is one of the first studies to characterize psychiatric-like symptoms in experimental TBI. Our data highlight the importance of testing pharmacotherapies in TBI models in order to predict efficacy, and suggest that neuroinflammation may represent a treatment target for impulse control problems following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Vonder Haar
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Corresponding author: Cole Vonder Haar or Catharine A. Winstanley, CV: Department of Psychology, 53 Campus Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26506, Tel: 1-304-293-1787, , CAW: Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada, Tel: 1-604-822-2024,
| | - Frederick C.W. Lam
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy A. Adams
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lara-Kirstie Riparip
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Departments of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science and Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Susanna Rosi
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Departments of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science and Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catharine A. Winstanley
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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23
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Osier ND, Dixon CE. The Controlled Cortical Impact Model: Applications, Considerations for Researchers, and Future Directions. Front Neurol 2016; 7:134. [PMID: 27582726 PMCID: PMC4987613 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled cortical impact (CCI) is a mechanical model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that was developed nearly 30 years ago with the goal of creating a testing platform to determine the biomechanical properties of brain tissue exposed to direct mechanical deformation. Initially used to model TBIs produced by automotive crashes, the CCI model rapidly transformed into a standardized technique to study TBI mechanisms and evaluate therapies. CCI is most commonly produced using a device that rapidly accelerates a rod to impact the surgically exposed cortical dural surface. The tip of the rod can be varied in size and geometry to accommodate scalability to difference species. Typically, the rod is actuated by a pneumatic piston or electromagnetic actuator. With some limits, CCI devices can control the velocity, depth, duration, and site of impact. The CCI model produces morphologic and cerebrovascular injury responses that resemble certain aspects of human TBI. Commonly observed are graded histologic and axonal derangements, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, subdural and intra-parenchymal hematoma, edema, inflammation, and alterations in cerebral blood flow. The CCI model also produces neurobehavioral and cognitive impairments similar to those observed clinically. In contrast to other TBI models, the CCI device induces a significantly pronounced cortical contusion, but is limited in the extent to which it models the diffuse effects of TBI; a related limitation is that not all clinical TBI cases are characterized by a contusion. Another perceived limitation is that a non-clinically relevant craniotomy is performed. Biomechanically, this is irrelevant at the tissue level. However, craniotomies are not atraumatic and the effects of surgery should be controlled by including surgical sham control groups. CCI devices have also been successfully used to impact closed skulls to study mild and repetitive TBI. Future directions for CCI research surround continued refinements to the model through technical improvements in the devices (e.g., minimizing mechanical sources of variation). Like all TBI models, publications should report key injury parameters as outlined in the NIH common data elements (CDEs) for pre-clinical TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D. Osier
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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24
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Rau T, Ziemniak J, Poulsen D. The neuroprotective potential of low-dose methamphetamine in preclinical models of stroke and traumatic brain injury. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 64:231-6. [PMID: 25724762 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a psychostimulant that was initially synthesized in 1920. Since then it has been used to treat attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), obesity and narcolepsy. However, methamphetamine has also become a major drug of abuse worldwide. Under conditions of abuse, which involve the administration of high repetitive doses, methamphetamine can produce considerable neurotoxic effects. However, recent evidence from our laboratory indicates that low doses of methamphetamine can produce robust neuroprotection when administered within 12h after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rodents. Thus, it appears that methamphetamine under certain circumstances and correct dosing can produce a neuroprotective effect. This review addresses the neuroprotective potential of methamphetamine and focuses on the potential beneficial application for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rau
- Dept. Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - John Ziemniak
- Gwynedd Pharmaceutical Consulting, Gwynedd Valley, PA, United States
| | - David Poulsen
- Neurosurgery Dept., University at Buffalo, SUNY-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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25
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Yu M, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang T. Antidepressant-like effects and possible mechanisms of amantadine on cognitive and synaptic deficits in a rat model of chronic stress. Stress 2016; 19:104-13. [PMID: 26466744 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2015.1108302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine whether amantadine (AMA), as a low-affinity noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is able to improve cognitive deficits caused by chronic stress in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, control + AMA, stress and stress + AMA groups. The chronic stress model combined chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) with isolated feeding. Animals were exposed to CUS continued for 21 days. AMA (25 mg/kg) was administrated p.o. for 20 days from the 4th day of CUS to the 23rd. Weight and sucrose consumption were measured during model establishing period. Spatial memory was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Following MWM testing, both long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation were recorded in the hippocampal CA1 region. NR2B and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) proteins were measured by Western-blot analysis. AMA increased weight and sucrose consumption of stressed rats. Spatial memory and reversal learning in stressed rats were impaired relative to controls, whereas AMA significantly attenuated cognitive impairment. AMA also mitigated the chronic stress-induced impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, in which both the LTP and depotentiation were significantly inhibited in stressed rats. Moreover, AMA enhanced the expression of hippocampal NR2B and PSD-95 in stressed rats. The data suggest that AMA may be an effective therapeutic agent for depression-like symptoms and associated cognitive disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yu
- a College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University , Tianjin , PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- a College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University , Tianjin , PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- a College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University , Tianjin , PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- a College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University , Tianjin , PR China
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26
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Réus GZ, Abelaira HM, Tuon T, Titus SE, Ignácio ZM, Rodrigues ALS, Quevedo J. Glutamatergic NMDA Receptor as Therapeutic Target for Depression. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 103:169-202. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Osier ND, Dixon CE. Catecholaminergic based therapies for functional recovery after TBI. Brain Res 2015; 1640:15-35. [PMID: 26711850 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Among the many pathophysiologic consequences of traumatic brain injury are changes in catecholamines, including dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. In the context of TBI, dopamine is the one most extensively studied, though some research exploring epinephrine and norepinephrine have also been published. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence surrounding use of drugs that target the catecholaminergic system on pathophysiological and functional outcomes of TBI using published evidence from pre-clinical and clinical brain injury studies. Evidence of the effects of specific drugs that target catecholamines as agonists or antagonists will be discussed. Taken together, available evidence suggests that therapies targeting the catecholaminergic system may attenuate functional deficits after TBI. Notably, it is fairly common for TBI patients to be treated with catecholamine agonists for either physiological symptoms of TBI (e.g. altered cerebral perfusion pressures) or a co-occuring condition (e.g. shock), or cognitive symptoms (e.g. attentional and arousal deficits). Previous clinical trials are limited by methodological limitations, failure to replicate findings, challenges translating therapies to clinical practice, the complexity or lack of specificity of catecholamine receptors, as well as potentially counfounding effects of personal and genetic factors. Overall, there is a need for additional research evidence, along with a need for systematic dissemination of important study details and results as outlined in the common data elements published by the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke. Ultimately, a better understanding of catecholamines in the context of TBI may lead to therapeutic advancements. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:Brain injury and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Osier
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; V.A. Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA.
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28
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Kochanek PM, Bramlett HM, Dixon CE, Shear DA, Dietrich WD, Schmid KE, Mondello S, Wang KKW, Hayes RL, Povlishock JT, Tortella FC. Approach to Modeling, Therapy Evaluation, Drug Selection, and Biomarker Assessments for a Multicenter Pre-Clinical Drug Screening Consortium for Acute Therapies in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy. J Neurotrauma 2015; 33:513-22. [PMID: 26439468 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was the signature injury in both the Iraq and Afghan wars and the magnitude of its importance in the civilian setting is finally being recognized. Given the scope of the problem, new therapies are needed across the continuum of care. Few therapies have been shown to be successful. In severe TBI, current guidelines-based acute therapies are focused on the reduction of intracranial hypertension and optimization of cerebral perfusion. One factor considered important to the failure of drug development and translation in TBI relates to the recognition that TBI is extremely heterogeneous and presents with multiple phenotypes even within the category of severe injury. To address this possibility and attempt to bring the most promising therapies to clinical trials, we developed Operation Brain Trauma Therapy (OBTT), a multicenter, pre-clinical drug screening consortium for acute therapies in severe TBI. OBTT was developed to include a spectrum of established TBI models at experienced centers and assess the effect of promising therapies on both conventional outcomes and serum biomarker levels. In this review, we outline the approach to TBI modeling, evaluation of therapies, drug selection, and biomarker assessments for OBTT, and provide a framework for reports in this issue on the first five therapies evaluated by the consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Kochanek
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- 2 Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , and Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
| | - C Edward Dixon
- 3 Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Deborah A Shear
- 4 In Vivo Neuroprotection Labs, Brain Trauma Neuroprotection & Neurorestoration Branch, Center of Excellence for Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- 5 Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Departments of Neurological Surgery, Neurology and Cell Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami , Miami, Florida
| | - Kara E Schmid
- 6 Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration Department, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Stefania Mondello
- 7 Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- 8 Center of Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ronald L Hayes
- 9 Center for Innovative Research, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Banyan Biomarkers, Inc. , Alachua, Florida
| | - John T Povlishock
- 10 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| | - Frank C Tortella
- 11 Department of Applied Neurobiology and Combat Casualty Care Research Program for Brain Trauma & Neuroprotection Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
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29
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Bondi CO, Semple BD, Noble-Haeusslein LJ, Osier ND, Carlson SW, Dixon CE, Giza CC, Kline AE. Found in translation: Understanding the biology and behavior of experimental traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 58:123-46. [PMID: 25496906 PMCID: PMC4465064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to discuss in greater detail the topics covered in the recent symposium entitled "Traumatic brain injury: laboratory and clinical perspectives," presented at the 2014 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society annual meeting. Herein, we review contemporary laboratory models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) including common assays for sensorimotor and cognitive behavior. New modalities to evaluate social behavior after injury to the developing brain, as well as the attentional set-shifting test (AST) as a measure of executive function in TBI, will be highlighted. Environmental enrichment (EE) will be discussed as a preclinical model of neurorehabilitation, and finally, an evidence-based approach to sports-related concussion will be considered. The review consists predominantly of published data, but some discussion of ongoing or future directions is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina O Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bridgette D Semple
- Neurological Surgery and the Graduate Program in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Linda J Noble-Haeusslein
- Neurological Surgery and the Graduate Program in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nicole D Osier
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shaun W Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - C Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christopher C Giza
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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30
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Van der Schyf CJ. Rational drug discovery design approaches for treating Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 10:713-41. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1041495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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31
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Kochanek PM, Jackson TC, Ferguson NM, Carlson SW, Simon DW, Brockman EC, Ji J, Bayir H, Poloyac SM, Wagner AK, Kline AE, Empey PE, Clark RS, Jackson EK, Dixon CE. Emerging therapies in traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol 2015; 35:83-100. [PMID: 25714870 PMCID: PMC4356170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research, treatments to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are limited. However, based on the recent recognition of the prevalence of mild TBI, and its potential link to neurodegenerative disease, many new and exciting secondary injury mechanisms have been identified and several new therapies are being evaluated targeting both classic and novel paradigms. This includes a robust increase in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Using a mechanism-based approach the authors define the targets and emerging therapies for TBI. They address putative new therapies for TBI across both the spectrum of injury severity and the continuum of care, from the field to rehabilitation. They discussTBI therapy using 11 categories, namely, (1) excitotoxicity and neuronal death, (2) brain edema, (3) mitochondria and oxidative stress, (4) axonal injury, (5) inflammation, (6) ischemia and cerebral blood flow dysregulation, (7) cognitive enhancement, (8) augmentation of endogenous neuroprotection, (9) cellular therapies, (10) combination therapy, and (11) TBI resuscitation. The current golden age of TBI research represents a special opportunity for the development of breakthroughs in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nikki Miller Ferguson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erik C. Brockman
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Ji
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy K. Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert S.B. Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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32
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Smith D, Brooks D, Wohlgehagen E, Rau T, Poulsen D. Temporal and Spatial Changes in the Pattern of Iba1 and CD68 Staining in the Rat Brain Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/mri.2015.42002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tan L, Ge H, Tang J, Fu C, Duanmu W, Chen Y, Hu R, Sui J, Liu X, Feng H. Amantadine preserves dopamine level and attenuates depression-like behavior induced by traumatic brain injury in rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 279:274-82. [PMID: 25447294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in multiple neuropsychiatric sequelae, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems. Among them, depression is a common psychiatric symptom, and links to poorer recovery. Amantadine, as an antiparkinsonian, increases dopamine release, and blocks dopamine reuptake, but has recently received attention for its effectiveness as an antidepressant. In the present study, we first induced a post-TBI depression rat model to probe the efficacy of amantadine therapy in reducing post-TBI depression. The DA concentration in the striatum of the injured rats, as well as the degeneration and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), were checked along with the depression-like behavior. The results showed that amantadine therapy could significantly ameliorate the depression-like behavior, improving the DA level in the striatum and decreasing the degeneration and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN. The results indicated that the anti-depression effect may result from the increase of extracellular DA concentration in the striatum and/or the indirect neuroprotection on the dopaminergic neurons in the SN. We conclude that DA plays a critical role in post-TBI depression, and that amantadine shows its potential value in anti-depression treatment for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hongfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Chuhua Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Wangsheng Duanmu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jianfeng Sui
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Demarest TG, McCarthy MM. Sex differences in mitochondrial (dys)function: Implications for neuroprotection. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 47:173-88. [PMID: 25293493 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research have revealed numerous differences in brain structure size, connectivity and metabolism between males and females. Sex differences in neurobehavioral and cognitive function after various forms of central nervous system (CNS) injury are observed in clinical practice and animal research studies. Sources of sex differences include early life exposure to gonadal hormones, chromosome compliment and adult hormonal modulation. It is becoming increasingly apparent that mitochondrial metabolism and cell death signaling are also sexually dimorphic. Mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction is a common feature of CNS injury. Evidence suggests males predominantly utilize proteins while females predominantly use lipids as a fuel source within mitochondria and that these differences may significantly affect cellular survival following injury. These fundamental biochemical differences have a profound impact on energy production and many cellular processes in health and disease. This review will focus on the accumulated evidence revealing sex differences in mitochondrial function and cellular signaling pathways in the context of CNS injury mechanisms and the potential implications for neuroprotective therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler G Demarest
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,
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Liu DZ, Sharp FR, Van KC, Ander BP, Ghiasvand R, Zhan X, Stamova B, Jickling GC, Lyeth BG. Inhibition of SRC family kinases protects hippocampal neurons and improves cognitive function after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2014; 31:1268-76. [PMID: 24428562 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2013.3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage. Thrombin is a neurotoxin generated at bleeding sites fater TBI and can lead to cell death and subsequent cognitive dysfunction via activation of Src family kinases (SFKs). We hypothesize that inhibiting SFKs can protect hippocampal neurons and improve cognitive memory function after TBI. To test these hypotheses, we show that moderate lateral fluid percussion (LFP) TBI in adult rats produces bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in both lateral ventricles, which elevates oxyhemoglobin and thrombin levels in the CSF, activates the SFK family member Fyn, and increases Rho-kinase 1(ROCK1) expression. Systemic administration of the SFK inhibitor, PP2, immediately after moderate TBI blocks ROCK1 expression, protects hippocampal CA2/3 neurons, and improves spatial memory function. These data suggest the possibility that inhibiting SFKs after TBI might improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhi Liu
- 1 Department of Neurology and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California , Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, California
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Bondi CO, Cheng JP, Tennant HM, Monaco CM, Kline AE. Old dog, new tricks: the attentional set-shifting test as a novel cognitive behavioral task after controlled cortical impact injury. J Neurotrauma 2014; 31:926-37. [PMID: 24397572 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2013.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment associated with prefrontal cortical dysfunction is a major component of disability in traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. Specifically, deficits of cognitive flexibility and attentional set-shifting are present across all levels of injury severity. Though alterations in spatial learning have been extensively described in experimental models of TBI, studies investigating more complex cognitive deficits are relatively scarce. Hence, the aim of this preclinical study was to expand on this important issue by evaluating the effect of three injury levels on executive function and behavioral flexibility performance as assessed using an attentional set-shifting test (AST). Isoflurane-anesthetized male rats received a controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury (2.6, 2.8, and 3.0 mm cortical depth at 4 m/sec) or sham injury, whereas an additional group had no surgical manipulation (naïve). Four weeks postsurgery, rats were tested on the AST, which involved a series of discriminative tasks of increasing difficulty, such as simple and compound discriminations, stimulus reversals, and intra- and extradimensional (ED) shifts. TBI produced accompanying impact depth-dependent increases in cortical lesion volumes, with the 3.0-mm cortical depth group displaying significantly larger injury volumes than the 2.6-mm group (p=0.05). Further, injury severity-induced deficits in ED set-shifting and stimulus reversals, as well as increases in total response error rates and total set loss errors, were observed. These novel findings demonstrate executive function and behavioral flexibility deficits in our animal model of CCI injury and provide the impetus to integrate the AST in the standard neurotrauma behavioral battery to further evaluate cognitive dysfunction after TBI. Ongoing experiments in our laboratory are assessing AST performance after pharmacological and rehabilitative therapies post-TBI, as well as elucidating possible mechanisms underlying the observed neuropsychological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina O Bondi
- 1 Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Huang EYK, Tsui PF, Kuo TT, Tsai JJ, Chou YC, Ma HI, Chiang YH, Chen YH. Amantadine ameliorates dopamine-releasing deficits and behavioral deficits in rats after fluid percussion injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86354. [PMID: 24497943 PMCID: PMC3907421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To investigate the role of dopamine in cognitive and motor learning skill deficits after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), we investigated dopamine release and behavioral changes at a series of time points after fluid percussion injury, and explored the potential of amantadine hydrochloride as a chronic treatment to provide behavioral recovery. Materials and Methods In this study, we sequentially investigated dopamine release at the striatum and behavioral changes at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after fluid percussion injury. Rats subjected to 6-Pa cerebral cortical fluid percussion injury were treated by using subcutaneous infusion pumps filled with either saline (sham group) or amantadine hydrochloride, with a releasing rate of 3.6mg/kg/hour for 8 weeks. The dopamine-releasing conditions and metabolism were analyzed sequentially by fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Novel object recognition (NOR) and fixed-speed rotarod (FSRR) behavioral tests were used to determine treatment effects on cognitive and motor deficits after injury. Results Sequential dopamine-release deficits were revealed in 6-Pa-fluid-percussion cerebral cortical injured animals. The reuptake rate (tau value) of dopamine in injured animals was prolonged, but the tau value became close to the value for the control group after amantadine therapy. Cognitive and motor learning impairments were shown evidenced by the NOR and FSRR behavioral tests after injury. Chronic amantadine therapy reversed dopamine-release deficits, and behavioral impairment after fluid percussion injuries were ameliorated in the rats treated by using amantadine-pumping infusion. Conclusion Chronic treatment with amantadine hydrochloride can ameliorate dopamine-release deficits as well as cognitive and motor deficits caused by cerebral fluid-percussion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pi-Fen Tsui
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jr. Tsai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, the PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Algattas H, Huang JH. Traumatic Brain Injury pathophysiology and treatments: early, intermediate, and late phases post-injury. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 15:309-41. [PMID: 24381049 PMCID: PMC3907812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) affects a large proportion and extensive array of individuals in the population. While precise pathological mechanisms are lacking, the growing base of knowledge concerning TBI has put increased emphasis on its understanding and treatment. Most treatments of TBI are aimed at ameliorating secondary insults arising from the injury; these insults can be characterized with respect to time post-injury, including early, intermediate, and late pathological changes. Early pathological responses are due to energy depletion and cell death secondary to excitotoxicity, the intermediate phase is characterized by neuroinflammation and the late stage by increased susceptibility to seizures and epilepsy. Current treatments of TBI have been tailored to these distinct pathological stages with some overlap. Many prophylactic, pharmacologic, and surgical treatments are used post-TBI to halt the progression of these pathologic reactions. In the present review, we discuss the mechanisms of the pathological hallmarks of TBI and both current and novel treatments which target the respective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Algattas
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 441, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Jason H Huang
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 441, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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Kumar A, Rinwa P, Dhar H. Microglial inhibitory effect of ginseng ameliorates cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation following traumatic head injury in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2013; 22:155-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-013-0187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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