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El-Din MS, El-Sharkawy A, Abdelrahman H, Hanno KI. Different wavelengths of laser: are they significant for treatment of denture stomatitis?: an in-vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38212756 PMCID: PMC10782685 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Denture stomatitis (DS) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the mucosal surface underneath the dentures and frequently causes oral mucosal irritation, discomfort, and altered taste perception, which prevents people from consuming enough nutrients. One of the main causes of DS is an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans (C. albicans). A possible alternative treatment for Candida infections is thought to be laser therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate how different wavelengths of laser would affect growth and pathogenic properties of Candida albicans. METHODS A concentration of 106 viable cells/ml of Candida albicans were used in the preparation process. Four groups were created from the specimens. Culturing of the control group was completed with no intervention. The other 3 groups received laser radiation for 60 seconds at a power of 1W. The 2nd and 3rd groups were irradiated with diode laser at a wavelength of 940 nm and 980 nm respectively. The 4th group was irradiated with Nd-YAG laser at a wavelength of 1064 nm. Turbidimetric growth was defined as variations in the optical density of fungal growth. These measures were made at three different times: baseline, 48 hours, and 72 hours. RESULTS In both groups of diode laser, the growth of Candida albicans showed no remarkable differences at baseline, after 48 and 72 hours using a power of 1 W and duration of 60 seconds. The Nd-YAG group showed significant increase in optical density after 48 hrs then significant decrease after 72 hrs. The optical density values in the control group showed no notable difference between the control and diode study groups at different time periods. However, the Nd:YAG group showed a statistically significant difference compared to the control and the 2 diode laser groups. CONCLUSIONS Different laser parameters have a different effect on growth and pathogenic properties of Candida albicans. Diode laser therapy with wavelengths 940 and 980 nm used in continuous mode with power of 1 W for duration of 60 seconds can result in proliferation of Candida albicans instead of destroying them. Nd:YAG laser, used in pulsed mode, with power of 1 W for a duration of 60 seconds can be used to destroy Candida albicans and therefore, can be used as an effective treatment for denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Salah El-Din
- Department of Prosthodontics, Alexandria University Main Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahlam El-Sharkawy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hams Abdelrahman
- Department of Dental and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kenda I Hanno
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
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2
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The Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities of Caffeine against Candida albicans on Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Material. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092078. [PMID: 36140179 PMCID: PMC9495344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study, the effect of pure caffeine was established against Candida albicans (C. albicans) using different microbiological techniques. Methods: Broth microdilution and colony forming units (CFUs) assays were used to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The Live/Dead fluorescent dyes were implemented to determine the yeast viability. Polymethyl methacrylate acrylic resin (PMMA) discs were prepared to evaluate caffeine’s effects against adherent C. albicans using microplate reader, CFUs, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: caffeine’s MIC was detected around 30 mg/mL, while the MFC was considered at 60 mg/mL. In an agar-well diffusion test, the inhibition zones were wider in caffeine groups. The Live/Dead viability test verified caffeine’s antifungal effects. The optical density of the adherent C. albicans on PMMA discs were lower at 620 nm or 410 nm in caffeine groups. CFU count was also reduced by caffeine treatments. SEM revealed the lower adherent C. albicans count in caffeine groups. The effect of caffeine was dose-dependent at which the 60 mg/mL dose demonstrated the most prominent effect. Conclusion: The study reinforced caffeine’s antifungal and antibiofilm properties and suggested it as an additive, or even an alternative, disinfectant solution for fungal biofilms on denture surfaces.
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Ebid AA, Alhammad RM, Alhindi RT, Alghamdi AA, Alqarhi AK, Abdullah HA, Almuqati MA, Alsharfi MA, Alotaibi RO, Rahali S. Effect of high-power Nd:YAG laser on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an experimental study. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:222-228. [PMID: 33814708 PMCID: PMC8012199 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-power Nd:YAG laser on
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
bacterial growth. [Materials and Methods] Seven samples of S. aureus and
seven samples of P. aeruginosa were prepared in the microbiology lab, one
used as a control sample and the remaining six samples used as experimental samples, which
were irradiated by a high-power laser (LASERSIX ME, 15W) with a total dose of 500 and
700 J. The primary measure was the semi-qualitative assessment of turbidity and bacterial
count; the turbidity was assessed 24 h after laser application. [Results] There was a
significant decrease in turbidity in all experimental samples of S.
aureus and P. aeruginosa after 24 h of high-power laser
application for 500 and 700 J and a significant decrease in the colony-forming unit (CFU)
value in both types, and there were no significant differences in turbidity and CFU when
comparing 500 and 700 J. [Conclusion] A high power Nd:YAG laser was found to be an
effective modality for inhibition of S. aureus and P.
aeruginosa growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar A Ebid
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Raniah M Alhammad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm AlQura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania T Alhindi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alghamdi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz K Alqarhi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim A Abdullah
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mishari A Almuqati
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alsharfi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan O Alotaibi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhil Rahali
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Vahdatinia F, Gholami L, Karkehabadi H, Fekrazad R. Photobiomodulation in Endodontic, Restorative, and Prosthetic Dentistry: A Review of the Literature. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:869-886. [PMID: 31873065 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To provide a review of the literature about the photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) dental treatment protocols in endodontic, restorative, and prosthetic dentistry based on validated clinical studies published so far. More specifically, this study was carried out to carefully review therapeutic protocol of PBMT in clinical studies and their conclusions. Background data: The importance of using low-power lasers and photobiomodulation (PBM) is increasing in dentistry mainly due to their painless and noninvasive function. However, lack of sufficient clinical studies has led to unclear results regarding PBMT in dentistry, and also lack of an available precise protocol for clinicians. Moreover, scarcity of clinical studies in this area has made conduction of a precise systematic review study difficult. Methods: In our study, published clinical studies up to April 2019 were reviewed from library sources, Google Scholar, PubMed and Medline, Elsevier, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of science (ISI). Inclusion criteria included those presented in clinical trials and case report/case series, language (English), and studies available in full text. Exclusion criterion was in vitro studies. Results: In general, findings of clinical studies have shown that PBMT can have a significant role in reducing postoperative dental pain, increasing depth of anesthesia, improving tooth hypersensitivity, reducing inflammation of the tissue, and helping wound healing. Conclusions: A review of clinical studies showed that the use of alternative or adjunctive PBMT is of great importance in controlling postoperative pain after endodontic treatments. In addition, evidence suggests that different parameters of light can be efficient in the treatment of tooth hypersensitivity. Nevertheless, lack of sufficient clinical studies and reliable results do not allow introducing a precise treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Vahdatinia
- Dental Implants Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamandan, Iran
| | - Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamandan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Ebid AA, Alhammad RM, Alhendi RT, Alqarhi BA, Baweyan EM, Alfadli LH, Alzahrani MA, Alotaibi MF, Alaidrous NA, Alzahrani RA, Alqurashi RM, Alharbi SS, Azhar SJ. Immediate effect of pulsed high-intensity neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser on staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa growth: an experimental study. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:925-930. [PMID: 31871379 PMCID: PMC6879417 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulsed high intensity
neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser on staphylococcus aureus (S.
aureus) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacterial growth, which cause many
health problems and establish which doses are effective in bacterial inhibition.
[Materials and Methods] Five samples of S. aureus and five samples of P. aeruginosa were
prepared in the microbiology lab, one used as control sample and the other 4 samples acted
as experimental samples. The experimental samples received pulsed high intensity Nd: YAG
laser with a total dose of 500, 600, 700 and 800 joules. The primary measures are colony
count and the percentage decrease in colony count, the colony count was assessed at
baseline and after 24 h of laser application. [Result] There was significant decrease in
colony count and the percentage decrease in colony count after pulsed high intensity Nd:
YAG laser application in all experimental samples of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa after 24
h of application for all doses (500, 600, 700 and 800 j) as compared with the control
sample, with the most effect in higher doses of pulsed high intensity Nd: YAG laser than
lower doses in both types of bacteria. [Conclusion] pulsed high intensity Nd: YAG laser
was found to be an effective modality for inhibition of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa growth
after a single application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Abdelgayed Ebid
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Raniah M Alhammad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm AlQura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania T Alhendi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra A Alqarhi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elaf M Baweyan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luluh H Alfadli
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael A Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mawaddah F Alotaibi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A Alaidrous
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad A Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafaa M Alqurashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shouq S Alharbi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuruq J Azhar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University: PO Box 715, Postal Code 21421, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Najafi S, Sheykhbahaei N, Khayamzadeh M, Gholizadeh N. The effect of low level laser on number of Candida albicans colonies in-vitro: a new finding. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:104. [PMID: 31196043 PMCID: PMC6567648 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Candida albicans is a commensal organism that causes a wide variety of diseases in humans. One of these diseases is oral candidiasis, which occurs at a high recurrence rate in spite of available treatments. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with the use of nystatin on in-vitro growth of Candida albicans. Method We prepared two samples of Candida albicans at different concentrations: 104 viable cells/ml and 106 viable cells/ml. Specimens from each sample were divided into a control group, a nystatin-treated group, and a group treated with LLLT. The control group was cultured without any intervention. The second group was treated with nystatin and the solution was vibrated for 30 s or 60 s. The third group was irradiated with a gallium-aluminum-argon (Ga-Al-Ar) diode laser (Epic 10; Biolase Inc.)in continuous mode using a wavelength of 940 nm and a power of 1 W for 30 s or 60 s (38 J/cm2 and 76 J/cm2). The specimens from the nystatin group and the LLLT group were cultured and the number of colony-forming units (CFU/ml) for each group was counted and compared. Results Nystatin completely eliminated the colonies (0 colonies) in all specimens. There was an increase in the number of colonies in the LLLT group for both cell concentrations at 30 s and at 60 s. However, this increase was statistically significant only for a concentration of 104 viable cells/ml at an exposure time of 30s. The increase in the concentration of 106 viable cells/ml at both 30 s and 60 s was statistically significant compared with the control group, although the highest number of colonies remained after an exposure time of 60s. Conclusion LLLT led to an increase in the growth of Candida colonies. However, there was no significant difference related to the exposure time between the different cell concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
- Dental research center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sheykhbahaei
- Dental research center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Khayamzadeh
- Dental research center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Gholizadeh
- Dental research center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. .,Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Grzech-Leśniak K, Nowicka J, Pajączkowska M, Matys J, Szymonowicz M, Kuropka P, Rybak Z, Dobrzyński M, Dominiak M. Effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans: in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:129-137. [PMID: 30145724 PMCID: PMC6343019 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nd:YAG laser with flat-top handpiece on the in vitro growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. The incidence of C. albicans (opportunistic commensal) and S. mutans (facultatively anaerobic) infections is increasing, despite available treatments. Cultures of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans were irradiated using Nd:YAG laser (LightWalker, Fotona) with flat-top handpiece (Genova, LightWalker, Fotona) at the following parameters: group G1: 0.25 W, 10 Hz, 15 s, 3 J and group G2: 1 W, 10 Hz, 60s, 59 J. The results were evaluated directly and 24 h after irradiation using a quantitative culture method (estimation of colony-forming units in 1 ml of suspension, cfu/ml), and microscopic analysis with Janus green stain and compared with control group in which laser was not applied. C. albicans was reduced by 20 up to 54% for G1, and for G2 by 10 up to 60% directly after the application. The cfu/ml values for S. mutans decreased by 13% (p = 0.1771) for G1 and 89% (p < 0.0001) for G2. In both test groups 24 h after the application, the number of colony-forming units decreased by 15–46% for G1 and by 15–64% for G2. The arrested cell division, increasing the surface area and increasing the number of metabolically inactive cells, were observed in morphometric analysis. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed a reduction in cell number and a significant decrease of cell metabolism after laser application for both C. albicans and S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Department Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowicka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pajączkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Matys
- Private Dental Practice, Lipowa 18, 67-400, Wschowa, Poland. .,"Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Szymonowicz
- Department of Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Rybak
- Department of Experimental Surgery and Biomaterials Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida 44, 50-345, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Dobrzyński
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Pedodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Department Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland
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Shanks S, Leisman G. Perspective on Broad-Acting Clinical Physiological Effects of Photobiomodulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1096:41-52. [PMID: 29572678 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Research into photobiomodulation reveals beneficial effects of light therapy for a rapidly expanding list of medical conditions and illnesses. Although it has become more widely accepted by the mainstream medicine, the effects and mechanisms of action appear to be poorly understood. The therapeutic benefits of photobiomodulation using low-energy red lasers extend far beyond superficial applications, with a well-described physics allowing an understanding of how red lasers of certain optimum intensities may cross the cranium. We now have a model for explaining potential therapeusis for applications in functional neurology that include stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative conditions in addition to the currently approved functions in lipolysis, in onychomycosis treatment, and in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerry Leisman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. .,National Institute for Brain & Rehabilitation Sciences, Nazareth, Israel.
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9
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Volatile organic compounds in the breath of oral candidiasis patients: a pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:721-731. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Preissner S, Kastner I, Schütte E, Hartwig S, Schmidt-Westhausen AM, Paris S, Preissner R, Hertel M. Adjuvant antifungal therapy using tissue tolerable plasma on oral mucosa and removable dentures in oral candidiasis patients: a randomised double-blinded split-mouth pilot study. Mycoses 2016; 59:467-75. [PMID: 26932256 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Extended use of antimycotics in oral candidiasis therapy gives rise to problems related to fungal drug resistance. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the efficacy of tissue tolerable plasma (TTP) in denture stomatitis patients. It was hypothesised that (I): erythema and (IIa): complaint remission would be accelerated and (IIb): colony forming unit (CFU) reduction would be improved. The halves of the upper jaws of eight patients were randomly assigned to control (nystatin, chlorhexidine and placebo treatment) and test sides (nystatin, chlorhexidine and TTP administered six times each 7 days). The patients and the investigators, who were different from the therapists, were both blinded. Compared to the control sides, the erythema surface was reduced significantly more extensively on the test sides between 2 and 6 weeks of antifungal therapy (P ≤ 0.05). Visual analogue scale values and the frequency of moderate or heavy growth of Candida post-treatment did not differ significantly between both sides (P > 0.05). The primary hypothesis was confirmed, which may be interpreted as an accelerated remission. As drug therapy is usually limited to the time in which signs of infection are present, TTP might help reducing antifungal use. Even though the secondary hypotheses were not confirmed, persistence of Candida might be only colonisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Preissner
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabell Kastner
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eyke Schütte
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology and Oral Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hartwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Clinical Navigation, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Paris
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Preissner
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Hertel
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology and Oral Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Seyedmousavi S, Hashemi SJ, Rezaie S, Fateh M, Djavid GE, Zibafar E, Morsali F, Zand N, Alinaghizadeh M, Ataie-Fashtami L. Effects of low-level laser irradiation on the pathogenicity of Candida albicans: in vitro and in vivo study. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 32:322-9. [PMID: 24905928 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the in vitro growth characteristics and in vivo pathogenicity of Candida albicans in a murine model in the absence of a photosensitizer. BACKGROUND DATA C. albicans is an opportunistic commensal organism that causes a wide variety of diseases in human beings, ranging from superficial infections to life-threatening invasive candidiasis. The incidence of C. albicans infection is increasing, because of the greater frequency of acquired immunodeficiency conditions. A high recurrence rate has been reported for vulvovaginal and oral candidiasis, despite the best available treatments. Therefore, the search for new treatment modalities seems quite rational. METHODS Candida culture plates were exposed to common clinical energies of LLLI: 3, 5, 10, and 20 J at 685 nm (BTL Laser 5000, Medicinos Projektai, Czech Republic, Prague, max power output 50 mW) and 3, 5, 10, 30, and 50 J at 830 nm (BTL Laser 5000, Medicinos Projektai, Czech Republic, Prague, max power output 400 mW). RESULTS Following LLLI with energies >10 J at both 685 and 830 nm wavelengths, statistically significant effects were observed in vitro on the turbidimetric growth kinetics of C. albicans and in vivo on the survival rate of infected mice (p value ≤ 0.05). Therefore, this energy could be considered a threshold for clinical investigation. CONCLUSIONS Translating our data into the clinical setting, it can be proposed that a direct laser-based approach without using a photosensitizing dye can significantly reduce the pathogenicity of Candida albicans. It can also be concluded that laser light at specific wavelengths could be a possible promising novel treatment for superficial and mucocutaneous C. albicans infections.
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Local, systemic, demographic, and health-related factors influencing pathogenic yeast spectrum and antifungal drug administration frequency in oral candidiasis: a retrospective study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:1477-86. [PMID: 26481235 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In order to identify oral candidiasis patients being at risk of carrying potentially drug-resistant Candida, the aim of the study was to detect local, systemic, demographic, and health-related factors influencing (I) yeast spectrum composition and (II) antifungal administration frequency. Additionally, the aim was to investigate (III) species shift occurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 798 patients (496 females, 302 males; mean age 59.7) with oral candidiasis diagnosed based on positive clinical and microbial findings (species identification and CFU count) between 2006 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed using Pearson's chi(2) test and regression analysis. RESULTS Among 958 isolates, Candida albicans was the most frequently detected (76.8 %). Also, species intrinsically resistant to azoles were frequently isolated (15.8 and 17.7 % of isolates and patients). (I) Infections only caused by C. albicans were significantly associated with the use of inhalation steroids (p = 0.001) and antibiotics (p = 0.04), super-infection of lichen planus (p = 0.002), and the absence of removable dentures (p < 0.001). (II) Anti-mycotics were significantly more frequently administered in patients using inhalation steroids (p = 0.001), suffering from asthma/COPD, or smoking heavily (p = 0.003) and if C. albicans and non-albicans species were detected together (p = 0.001). (III) Pathogen composition did not change over time within the examined period (p = 0.239). CONCLUSIONS Different variables enhance the presence of certain Candida and the antifungal prescription frequency. No species shift was evident. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The major pathogen in oral candidiasis remains C. albicans. Nevertheless, therapeutic problems may be caused by the frequent presence of species intrinsically resistant to azoles, especially in patients wearing dentures.
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Maciel CM, Piva MR, Ribeiro MAG, de Santana Santos T, Ribeiro CF, Martins-Filho PRS. Methylene Blue-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation Followed by Low-Laser Therapy versus Miconazole Gel in the Treatment of Denture Stomatitis. J Prosthodont 2015; 25:28-32. [PMID: 26375599 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be an effective method for the in vitro and in vivo inactivation of Candida spp., but no clinical trials in this context have yet been conducted. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral miconazole gel to PDT combined with low-power laser (LPL) therapy in the treatment of denture stomatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty participants with clinical and microbiological diagnoses of type II denture stomatitis were randomly allocated to two treatment groups (PDT and miconazole gel), each with 20 individuals. The PDT group was submitted to one session of methylene blue-mediated PDT plus two sessions of low-laser therapy twice a week for 15 days. The miconazole group was submitted to the drug four times a day for 15 days. RESULTS Forty percent of the patients achieved clinical and microbiological resolution of denture stomatitis after methylene blue-mediated photodynamic inactivation followed by low-laser therapy. The cure rate associated with miconazole was 80% (p < 0.05). Fifteen days after the end of treatment, the recurrence rate was 25% in patients treated with PDT combined with LPL therapy and 12.5% in patients treated with miconazole. CONCLUSION Miconazole gel provides better results than a protocol combining methylene blue-mediated PDT and LPL therapy in the treatment of type II denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Rabello Piva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
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Clemente AM, Rizzetto L, Castronovo G, Perissi E, Tanturli M, Cozzolino F, Cavalieri D, Fusi F, Cialdai F, Vignali L, Torcia MG, Monici M. Effects of near-infrared laser radiation on the survival and inflammatory potential of Candida spp. involved in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1999-2007. [PMID: 26173694 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Candida spp. usually colonize ulcerative lesions of atrophic mucosa in patients with chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis inducing severe inflammation. The spread of antifungal-resistant strains strongly encouraged the search of complementary or alternative therapeutic strategies to cure inflamed mucosa. In this paper, we studied the effects of a near-infrared (NIR) laser system with dual-wavelength emission (808 nm + 904 nm) on the survival and inflammatory potential of C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis. Laser treatment was performed with a Multiwave Locked System laser. Survival and apoptosis of fungal strains were evaluated by colony-forming units (CFU) counting and annexin V staining. Cytokine production was evaluated by ImmunoPlex array. Laser treatment significantly affected the survival of Candida spp. by inducing apoptosis and induced a lower production of inflammatory cytokines by dendritic cells compared to untreated fungi. No differences in the survival and inflammatory potential were recorded in treated or untreated Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, used as the control non-pathogenic microorganism. Laser treatment altered the survival and inflammatory potential of pathogenic Candida spp. These data provide experimental support to the use of NIR laser radiation as a co-adjuvant of antifungal therapy in patients with oral mucositis (OM) complicated by Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Clemente
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - L Rizzetto
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - G Castronovo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - E Perissi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - M Tanturli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - F Cozzolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - D Cavalieri
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - F Fusi
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - F Cialdai
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Research Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - L Vignali
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Research Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - M G Torcia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy.
| | - M Monici
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Research Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, FI, Italy
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Leite DP, Piva MR, Martins-Filho PRS. Identificação das espécies de Candida em portadores de estomatite protética e avaliação da susceptibilidade ao miconazol e à terapia fotodinâmica. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Próteses mucossuportadas são consideradas facilitadoras, em potencial, da estomatite protética (EP), condição caracterizada pelo aspecto eritematoso, difuso ou pontilhado da mucosa palatina sob a base das próteses. A etiologia da doença é multifatorial, embora a infecção por Candida seja uma causa bastante comum. OBJETIVO: Relacionar a EP com a presença de Candida, identificar as espécies de Candida mais prevalentes, a partir do meio CHROMagar Candida(r), e caracterizar o perfil de sensibilidade das colônias ao miconazol e à terapia fotodinâmica (TFD). MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A amostra foi constituída por 45 usuários de prótese total, sendo 30 com diagnóstico clínico de EP e 15 sem a doença. Realizou-se raspagem com swab da mucosa palatina e das próteses, e as amostras foram semeadas em CHROMagar Candida(r), para identificação de espécies de C. albicans, C. krusei e C. tropicalis. Após incubação e leitura das placas, as colônias foram reisoladas em Ágar Sabouraud, para caracterização da sensibilidade ao miconazol e à TFD. RESULTADO: Espécies de Candida estiveram presentes em 53,33% das amostras dos pacientes com EP e em 6,67% das amostras dos pacientes sem EP, considerando-se o total de amostras de mucosa (p=0,008) e próteses (p=0,001). As espécies mais prevalentes foram C. albicans (36,67% e 53,33%), seguida de C. tropicalis (13,33% e 16,67%) e C. krusei (13,33% e 6,67%), em mucosa e prótese, respectivamente. As amostras mostraram maior sensibilidade ao miconazol que à TFD (p<0,0001). CONCLUSÃO: Existiu uma associação entre a presença de Candida e EP, sendo C. albicans a espécie mais prevalente. Miconazol proveu melhores resultados na eliminação in vitro de colônias de Candida quando comparado à TFD.
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Rodrigues ME, Silva S, Azeredo J, Henriques M. Novel strategies to fight Candida species infection. Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:594-606. [PMID: 25383647 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.974500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of human fungal infections. The increase in cases of infection caused by Candida species, and the consequent excessive use of antimicrobials, has favored the emergence of resistance to conventional antifungal agents over the past decades. Consequently, Candida infections morbidity and mortality are also increasing. Therefore, new approaches are needed to improve the outcome of patients suffering from Candida infections, because it seems unlikely that the established standard treatments will drastically lower the morbidity of mucocutaneous Candida infections and the high mortality associated with invasive candidiasis. This review aims to present the last advances in the traditional antifungal therapy, and present an overview of novel strategies that are being explored for the treatment of Candida infections, with a special focus on combined antifungal agents, antifungal therapies with alternative compounds (plant extracts and essential oils), adjuvant immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy and laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Rodrigues
- a CEB -- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO -- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- a CEB -- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO -- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Joana Azeredo
- a CEB -- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO -- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Mariana Henriques
- a CEB -- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO -- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
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Milward MR, Holder MJ, Palin WM, Hadis MA, Carroll JD, Cooper PR. Low level light therapy (LLLT) for the treatment and management of dental and oral diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.12968/denu.2014.41.9.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Milward
- Senior Lecturer/Honorary Consultant in Periodontology, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham
| | - Michelle J Holder
- Research Technician in Oral Biology, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham
| | - William M Palin
- Reader in Biomaterials, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham
| | - Mohammed A Hadis
- Research Fellow in Biomaterials, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham
| | - James D Carroll
- Founder/CEO at THOR Photomedicine Ltd, 18A East Street, Chesham, HP5 1HQ
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Professor of Oral Biology, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK
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Biofilms of Candida albicans serotypes A and B differ in their sensitivity to photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29:1679-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Carroll JD, Milward MR, Cooper PR, Hadis M, Palin WM. Developments in low level light therapy (LLLT) for dentistry. Dent Mater 2014; 30:465-75. [PMID: 24656472 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low level light/laser therapy (LLLT) is the direct application of light to stimulate cell responses (photobiomodulation) in order to promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation and induce analgesia. There have been significant studies demonstrating its application and efficacy at many sites within the body and for treatment of a range of musculoskeletal injuries, degenerative diseases and dysfunction, however, its use on oral tissues has, to date, been limited. The purpose of this review is to consider the potential for LLLT in dental and oral applications by providing background information on its mechanism of action and delivery parameters and by drawing parallels with its treatment use in analogous cells and tissues from other sites of the body. METHODS A literature search on Medline was performed on laser and light treatments in a range of dental/orofacial applications from 2010 to March 2013. The search results were filtered for LLLT relevance. The clinical papers were then arranged to eight broad dental/orofacial categories and reviewed. RESULTS The initial search returned 2778 results, when filtered this was reduced to 153. 41 were review papers or editorials, 65 clinical and 47 laboratory studies. Of all the publications, 130 reported a positive effect in terms of pain relief, fast healing or other improvement in symptoms or appearance and 23 reported inconclusive or negative outcomes. Direct application of light as a therapeutic intervention within the oral cavity (rather than photodynamic therapies, which utilize photosensitizing solutions) has thus far received minimal attention. Data from the limited studies that have been performed which relate to the oral cavity indicate that LLLT may be a reliable, safe and novel approach to treating a range of oral and dental disorders and in particular for those which there is an unmet clinical need. SIGNIFICANCE The potential benefits of LLLT that have been demonstrated in many healthcare fields and include improved healing, reduced inflammation and pain control, which suggest considerable potential for its use in oral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Carroll
- THOR Photomedicine Ltd., 18A East Street, Chesham HP5 1HQ, UK
| | | | | | - Mohammed Hadis
- Biomaterials, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chads Queensway, Birmingham B4 6NN, UK
| | - William M Palin
- Biomaterials, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St Chads Queensway, Birmingham B4 6NN, UK.
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20
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Coronado-Castellote L, Jiménez-Soriano Y. Clinical and microbiological diagnosis of oral candidiasis. J Clin Exp Dent 2013; 5:e279-86. [PMID: 24455095 PMCID: PMC3892259 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Candidiasis or oral candidiasis is the most frequent mucocutaneous mycosis of the oral cavity. It is produced by the genus Candida, which is found in the oral cavity of 53% of the general population as a common commensal organism. One hundred and fifty species have been isolated in the oral cavity, and 80% of the isolates correspond to Candida albicans, which can colonize the oral cavity alone or in combination with other species. Transformation from commensal organism to pathogen depends on the intervention of different predisposing factors that modify the microenvironment of the oral cavity and favor the appearance of opportunistic infection.
The present study offers a literature review on the diagnosis of oral candidiasis, with the purpose of establishing when complementary microbiological techniques for the diagnosis of oral candidiasis should be used, and which techniques are most commonly employed in routine clinical practice in order to establish a definitive diagnosis.
Materials and methods: A Medline-PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane search was made covering the last 10 years.
Results: The diagnosis of oral candidiasis is fundamentally clinical. Microbiological techniques are used when the clinical diagnosis needs to be confirmed, for establishing a differential diagnosis with other diseases, and in cases characterized by resistance to antifungal drugs. Biopsies in turn are indicated in patients with hyperplastic candidiasis. Staining (10% KOH) and culture (Sabouraud dextrose agar) are the methods most commonly used for diagnosing primary candidiasis. Identification of the individual species of Candida is usually carried out with CHROMagar Candida®. For the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis, and in cases requiring differentiation between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, use is made of immunological and genetic techniques such as ELISA and PCR.
Key words:Clinical, oral candidiasis, microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Coronado-Castellote
- Dentistry. Master of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. University of Valencia. Spain
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Soriano
- Associate Professor of the Department of Stomatology. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. University of Valencia. Spain
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Paschoal MA, Tonon CC, Spolidório DMP, Bagnato VS, Giusti JSM, Santos-Pinto L. Photodynamic potential of curcumin and blue LED against Streptococcus mutans in a planktonic culture. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:313-9. [PMID: 23993858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of light of specific wavelength to activate a nontoxic photosensitizing agent or dye in the presence of oxygen for eradication of target cells. In dentistry, this therapy is used to suppress the growth of microorganisms involved directly with dental decay and periodontitis process. There are evidences that curcumin dye is able to control microbial activity when illuminated with specific wavelength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of PDT using curcumin dye (Cur-C) in combination with a blue LED (L) device on a planktonic model of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). METHODS Suspensions (0.5 mL) containing S. mutans at 1×10(7)CFU mL(-1) were prepared and divided into 4 groups: Group C-L- (control: no treatment and 1 experimental condition), Group C+L- (curcumin at 3 different concentrations: 2000; 4000 and 8000 μM and 3 experimental conditions), Group C-L+ (LED at 3 different dosages: 24, 48 and 72 Jcm(-2) and 3 experimental conditions), and Group C+L+ (PDT group: curcumin at respective concentrations combined to LED dosages and 9 experimental conditions). Samples of each experimental condition were cultured in Petri dishes of BHI agar. Incubation in micro-aerophilia at 37°C for 48 h was performed for subsequent visual counting of CFU/mL. Data were transformed into log10 and analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at p<0.05. RESULTS Group C+L+, in specific experimental conditions, demonstrated a log bacterial reduction 70% higher than Group C-L-. Both groups C-L+ and C+L- presented a slight decrease in log bacterial counting. CONCLUSION This in vitro method was able to reduce the number of S. mutans in a planktonic suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurelio Paschoal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil.
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Scwingel AR, Barcessat ARP, Núñez SC, Ribeiro MS. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis in HIV-Infected Patients. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:429-32. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Roberta Scwingel
- Professional Master Lasers in Dentistry, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Cristina Núñez
- Instituto de Pesquisa em Saúde–Centro de Estudos, Treinamento e Aperfeiçoamento em Odontologia, INPES-CETAO, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martha Simões Ribeiro
- Professional Master Lasers in Dentistry, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Lasers and Applications, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dovigo LN, Pavarina AC, Mima EGDO, Giampaolo ET, Vergani CE, Bagnato VS. Fungicidal effect of photodynamic therapy against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Mycoses 2011; 54:123-30. [PMID: 19889173 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown great promise for the inactivation of Candida species, its effectiveness against azole-resistant pathogens remains poorly documented. This in vitro study describes the association of Photogem® (Photogem, Moscow, Russia) with LED (light emitting diode) light for the photoinactivation of fluconazole-resistant (FR) and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Suspensions of each Candida strain were treated with five Photogem® concentrations and exposed to four LED light fluences (14, 24, 34 or 50 min of illumination). After incubation (48 h at 37 °C), colonies were counted (CFU ml(-1)). Single-species biofilms were generated on cellulose membrane filters, treated with 25.0 mg l(-1) of Photogem® and illuminated at 37.5 J cm(-2). The biofilms were then disrupted and the viable yeast cells present were determined. Planktonic suspensions of FR strains were effectively killed after PDT. It was observed that the fungicidal effect of PDT was strain-dependent. Significant decreases in biofilm viability were observed for three strains of C. albicans and for two strains of C. glabrata. The results of this investigation demonstrated that although PDT was effective against Candida species, fluconazole-resistant strains showed reduced sensitivity to PDT. Moreover, single-species biofilms were less susceptible to PDT than their planktonic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Nordi Dovigo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Zhang H, Zhang L, Tidemand-Lichtenberg P, Buchhave P, Xu X, Li Y. Effect of Laser and LED on Enzymatic Production of Ceramide. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 87:131-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Junqueira J, Ribeiro M, Rossoni R, Barbosa J, Querido S, Jorge A. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Photodynamic Antimicrobial Effects of Malachite Green on Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Candida. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S67-72. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2009.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J.C. Junqueira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M.A. Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R.D. Rossoni
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J.O. Barbosa
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S.M.R. Querido
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pindamonhangaba, Pindamohnangaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A.O.C. Jorge
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Comparison of the photodynamic fungicidal efficacy of methylene blue, toluidine blue, malachite green and low-power laser irradiation alone against Candida albicans. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:385-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Soares BM, da Silva DL, Sousa GR, Amorim JCF, de Resende MA, Pinotti M, Cisalpino PS. In vitro photodynamic inactivation of Candida spp. growth and adhesion to buccal epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 94:65-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Low-level infrared laser therapy in chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in children. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2009; 31:33-7. [PMID: 19125084 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e318192cb8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most frequent complications of chemotherapy for which there is no standard therapy; treatment is mostly conservative. This study was conducted to determine whether low-intensity laser therapy (LLLT) can reduce the duration of chemotherapy-induced OM. PROCEDURE A placebo-controlled randomized trial was carried out using LLLT or placebo (sham treatment). Children and adolescents with cancer receiving chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation between October 2005 and May 2006 were eligible as soon as they developed OM. Patients received intervention for 5 days. The LLLT group was treated with laser GaAlAs, wavelength (lambda): 830 nm (infrared), power: 100 mW, dose: 4 J/cm, and placebo group underwent sham treatment. The grade of OM was clinically assessed by the National Cancer Institute, Common Toxicity Criteria scale. RESULTS Twenty-one patients developed OM and were evaluable for analysis; 18 (86%) patients had a diagnosis of leukemia or lymphoma and 3(14%) had solid tumors. The mean age was 8.2 (+/-3.1) years. Nine patients were randomized in the laser group and 12 in the placebo-control group. Once OM was diagnosed, the patients had daily OM grading assessments before laser or sham application and thereafter until complete healing of the lesions. On day 7 after OM diagnosis, 1/9 of patients remained with lesions in laser group and 9/12 of patients in the placebo-control group (P=0.029). In the laser group, the mean of OM duration was 5.8+/-2 days and in the placebo group was 8.9+/-2.4 days (P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown evidence that laser therapy in addition to oral care can decrease the duration of chemotherapy-induced OM. Our results confirm the promising results observed in adult cancer patients and should encourage pediatric oncologists to use laser therapy as first-line option in children with chemotherapy-induced OM.
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