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Hardan L, Bourgi R, Flores-Ledesma A, Devoto W, Devoto E, Fernández-Barrera MÁ, Kharouf N, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Is a White Diet Necessary for Tooth Bleaching Procedures? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:118. [PMID: 38668030 PMCID: PMC11049513 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the necessity of a white diet during or following a bleaching procedure. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines meticulously. The research question was: Is a white diet necessary during and/or after a bleaching treatment? In vitro studies or clinical trials reporting the color change in bleached enamel after the use of a free-staining diet were considered for full-text review. For the analyses, a random-effects model was employed. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05. A total of 17 documents were eligible for qualitative analysis: 5 clinical trials and 12 in vitro studies. Only data from the clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. For at-home bleaching, differences in the color among the subjects were not statistically significant during the first (p = 0.64), second (p = 0.26) or third (p = 0.43) weeks of treatment. Also, the color difference one month after finishing the bleaching treatment were not statistically significant (p = 0.27). The color difference one month after finishing an in-office treatment showed that the restrictions on diet did not significantly improve the bleaching outcomes (p = 0.90). According to the findings of this review, dietary restrictions are not necessary during or after bleaching procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Abigailt Flores-Ledesma
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Laboratory Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla 72000, Mexico;
| | - Walter Devoto
- Private Practice, 16030 Liguria, Italy; (W.D.); (E.D.)
| | - Emma Devoto
- Private Practice, 16030 Liguria, Italy; (W.D.); (E.D.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Barrera
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico;
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Biomaterials and Bioengineering, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico;
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Clemente CF, de Alcântara S, da Silva LMAV, Esteves LMB, Catelan A, Aidar KMS, Fagundes TC, Briso ALF. Direct dentin bleaching: Would it be possible? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103121. [PMID: 36126830 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate in vitro the effect of violet LED when applied directly to dentin tissue pigmented by different substances. We analyzed the chromatic alteration, the bleaching effect and the temperature variation. Hence, 60 bovine dentin tissue discs were divided into five groups: NNatural Pigmentation; T-Black Tea; C-Soluble Coffee; W-Red Wine; B-Equine Blood. Individualized pigmentation protocols were performed and all groups reached the same chromatic change value. Subsequently, we simultaneously performed a bleaching session and measured temperature variation using a K-type thermocouple device. Data on chromatic change (∆E, ∆E00, ∆a, ∆b and ∆L), whitening effect (WID) and temperature variation were subjected to one-way Anova and Tukey's post-test at a 5% significance level. The C group showed the most relevant chromatic change values, similar to the N group, responding positively to the treatment. However, the B group differed from the control group, which showed difficulty to respond to the treatment. Regarding the whitening index, only the W group showed lower results than the others. The B group showed the greatest temperature changes. We conclude that the violet LED offered chromatic change, which generated a bleaching effect. Pigmentations with red wine and blood showed the greatest difficulty to respond to treatment, also promoting a higher temperature rise in teeth pigmented with blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ferro Clemente
- Undergraduate Student in Dentistry at the Faculty of Araçatuba, UNESP Faculty of Dentistry, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Sibele de Alcântara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University, (UNESP), School of Dentistry, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University, (UNESP), School of Dentistry, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Lara Maria Bueno Esteves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University, (UNESP), School of Dentistry, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Anderson Catelan
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western São Paulo, José Bongiovani, 700, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Milaré Seiscento Aidar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University, (UNESP), School of Dentistry, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Cestari Fagundes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, SP CEP-16015-050, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, SP CEP-16015-050, Brazil.
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Yeslam HE, AlZahrani SJ. Time-dependent effect of intense capsule-coffee and bleaching on the color of resin-infiltrated enamel white spot lesions: an in vitro study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14135. [PMID: 36221260 PMCID: PMC9548318 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives White spot lesions (WSLs) are a common problem that can be conservatively managed by resin infiltration. Consumption of dark beverages such as coffee causes staining of dental hard tissues, which can deteriorate the esthetic qualities of treated WSLs. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of dark coffee heavy consumption on ICON® resin infiltrated WSLs and the influence of bleaching on them after staining. Methods Twenty surfaces from sound human extracted third molars were used in the study. Two square-shaped buccal and lingual window areas had artificially created WSLs (received buccal resin infiltration afterward). Using VITA Easyshade, the baseline ΔE was recorded. Espresso coffee was used to immerse all surfaces for 8 days. The color coordinates according to CIE LAB were recorded for all surfaces at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of immersion, and ΔE was calculated at each timepoint. After 8 days, in-office bleaching was applied to all surfaces according to the manufacturer's instructions and the color. Coordinates and ΔE were recorded. For statistical analysis, an independent sample t-test was used to compare each group. A general linear mixed model (GLMM) repeated measure ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis of L*and changes due to staining over time. Results Analysis of time as a main effect on the L values of surfaces was statistically highly significant (p < 0.01). The interaction of time with surfaces under investigation and type of surface (test vs. control) as a main effect were non-significant (p = 0.47 and p = 0.35, respectively). Bleaching showed a significant difference in color lightness in both test and control surfaces compared to the mean L value at 8 days of staining (p < 0.01). Conclusion Capsule-coffee consumption gradually influences the esthetic of resin infiltration on treated teeth. However, bleaching materials might restore an esthetic shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanin E. Yeslam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed J. AlZahrani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Ekrikaya S, Demirbuğa S. The effect of two different prophylaxis paste applying processes on color stability in-office bleaching: 24-month clinical follow-up. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6361-6369. [PMID: 35760882 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applying two different prophylaxis pastes with various protocols on the degree of bleaching and color stability in the office bleaching process with a bleaching agent containing 40% hydrogen peroxide. MATERIAL AND METHOD The 300 teeth of 15 (9 female, 6 male) patients were included in our study, and 5 different study groups were randomly formed. The bleaching process with Ultradent Opalescence Boost (Ultradent, South Jordan, USA) was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two different prophylaxis pastes, Ultrapro (Ultradent, Cologne, Germany) and Cleanic (Kerr, Rastatt, Germany), were applied with protocols determined according to the groups. The effect on color stability at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up was determined using the CIE L* a* b* color system. The changes in the parameters were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA, chi-square, and Tukey test (p > 0.05). RESULTS The evaluation rate of the treatments was 100% at the end of 24 months. Control group 6-month ΔE (0-6) and 12-month ΔE (0-12) values were higher than 24-month ΔE (0-12) values. UU + UU, KC + KC, and UU group 6-month ΔE (0-6) values were higher than 12-month ΔE (0-12) values. In addition, 6-month ΔE (0-6) and 12-month ΔE (0-12) values were higher than 24-month ΔE (0-24) values. KC group 6-month ΔE (0-6) and 12-month ΔE (0-12) values were higher than 24-month ΔE (0-24) values. Control, UU + UU, KC + KC, UU, and KC group ΔE (1-6) values at 6 months were lower than 12-month ΔE (1-12) and 24-month ΔE (1-12) values in all groups. In addition, 12-month ΔE (1-12) values were lower than 24-month ΔE (1-24) values. According to the study data, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups according to the prophylaxis paste and prophylaxis procedure (p > 0.05). However, it was observed that whiteness decreased in all groups over time. CONCLUSIONS Discoloration was observed at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months after bleaching. However, at the end of 24 months, the tooth color was significantly whiter than the initial color. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Pre-bleaching prophylaxis application and pre-bleaching and post-bleaching prophylaxis application have no effect on color stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semiha Ekrikaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Sezer Demirbuğa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Guimarães DM, de Paula BLF, Rodrigues LM, Costi HT, Ghislain Rogez HL, Silva CM. Surface Morphological Changes and Predisposition to Staining in Dental Enamel Bleached with Different Hydrogen Peroxide Concentrations. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The tooth bleaching treatment can cause structural changes in the surfaces of the teeth; these changes can increase the absorption of staining agents.
Purpose:
This study assessed surface morphological changes and predisposition to staining in dental enamel bleached with different hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations, with or without the use of a light source (LS).
Methods:
25 bovine incisor specimens were divided into five groups (n = 5): Control- no treatment; HP35 - hydrogen peroxide 35%; HP35+LED - hydrogen peroxide 35% + light emission; HP20 - hydrogen peroxide 20%; and HP7 - hydrogen peroxide 7,5%. Twenty days after bleaching, the specimens were immersed in staining solutions four hours a day for 28 days. The morphological alterations of the bovine enamel surface were evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy and predisposition to the staining of the brightened enamel by means of colorimetry.
Results:
ANOVA with Tukey's test (p<0.05) showed that HP7 had the highest ΔL values (p=0.176) (brightest), with a better lightening effect. The bleached groups exhibited morphological changes in the enamel. The groups did not exhibit significant changes in oxygen, calcium, and phosphorus values (p=0.020). The presence or absence of light was not significant (p=0.007) for the predisposition to staining in bleached teeth.
Conclusion:
The time of exposure to the staining solution was significant for staining bovine dental enamel. High concentrations of HP were not necessary for achieving effective bleaching. HP caused an increase in enamel porosity and depressions. The light source did not influence bleaching.
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ATALAY C, OZ A, IBRAHİM MA, SHAQAR M, TAYYEM M, QADER HA, GÜR AT, GUNCU GN. Which Polishing Method Is Effective for Coffee Stains? – An In-Vitro Study of Surface Roughness and Color Change. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.879282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kobayashi RS, Picolo MZD, Kury M, Resende BDA, Esteban Florez FL, Cavalli V. Effects of dental bleaching protocols with violet radiation on the color and chemical composition of stained bovine enamel. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102194. [PMID: 33513440 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the bleaching efficacy of a violet radiation (VR) combined or not with bleaching gels on the color and mineral content of stained teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Enamel/dentin blocks were obtained and stained (n = 50) with coffee, red wine, tobacco smoke, or were left non-stained. The stained or not-stained blocks (n = 10) were distributed into five bleaching groups (n = 10): VR, CP (37 % carbamide peroxide), VR/CP, HP (35 % hydrogen peroxide), and VR/HP. Color (ΔE00, ΔL, Δa, and Δb) and whiteness index (ΔWID) changes were evaluated after staining and after bleaching using a spectrophotometer. Calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), and Ca/P contents (in wt%) were measured after bleaching using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data was statistically analyzed (α = 0.05) using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (ΔE00, ΔWID, ΔL, Δb, wt%) or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (Δa). RESULTS VR alone caused higher colorimetric changes on coffee, tobacco and red wine-stained groups compared to non-stained enamel (p < 0.05). VR/CP exhibited higher colorimetric changes compared to CP in coffee and non-stained groups. The VR/CP, HP and VR/HP groups exhibited no change differences (p > 0.05). No differences were observed for the wt% of Ca, P and Ca/P between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The violet radiation was more effective in bleaching stained rather than non-stained teeth. VR combined with 37 % carbamide peroxide was as effective as the HP agent. Besides, no adverse effects could be observed in the enamel mineral content, regardless of the bleaching protocol tested, according to the EDS semi-quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Soares Kobayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Zaghi Dal Picolo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Kury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna de Almeida Resende
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Chen YH, Yang S, Hong DW, Attin T, Yu H. Short-term effects of stain-causing beverages on tooth bleaching: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Dent 2020; 95:103318. [PMID: 32169479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the short-term effects of stain-causing beverages on the effectiveness of in-office tooth bleaching. METHODS Participants were recruited and randomly divided into 3 groups based on beverages used for rinsing during and after the bleaching procedure: group N (tap water, control group), group C (coffee), and group T (tea). Participants were instructed to rinse with the respective solutions for 30 s, 4 times daily for 4 weeks. All participants received two in-office bleaching treatment sessions with 40 % hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence BOOST PF 40 %, Ultradent); the sessions were separated by a 1-week interval. Tooth colour was assessed using a spectrophotometer (Easyshade, Vita ZahnFabrik) before the bleaching procedure (T0), immediately after the first session of bleaching (T1), immediately after the second session of bleaching (T2), as well as one week (T3) and three weeks after (T4) the end of bleaching. Tooth sensitivity (TS) was ranked using a numerical rating scale (NRS) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) at different time points. RESULTS No significant difference in the whiteness index (W), △E, △a* and △b* values among the 3 groups was observed at any time interval (P for all > 0.05). At T4, the △L* value in group C was significantly lower than that in groups T and N (P = 0.022 and P = 0.001, respectively), though no significant difference in △L* values was observed among the 3 groups at T1 (P = 0.402), T2 (P = 0.643) and T3 (P = 0.177). Additionally, no significant difference was found in the TS values among the 3 groups at any of the evaluation time points (P for all > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to coffee or tea during the bleaching treatment period did not affect the effectiveness of the treatment. However, exposure to coffee after the bleaching treatment did affect the effectiveness of the treatment. Exposure to stain-causing beverages did not affect the bleaching-induced TS (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03933527). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The consumption of coffee or tea during tooth bleaching may not interfere with the colour change produced by the treatment. However, clinicians should advise their patients to refrain from, at least to some extent, consuming coffee after the bleaching procedure to maintain the effectiveness of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hui Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Song Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Deng-Wei Hong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan.
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CÂMARA JVF, SOUZA LDPPSD, VARGAS DOA, BARBOSA IF, PEREIRA GDDS. Effect of tooth enamel staining by coffee consumption during at-home tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Obtaining the result expected during tooth bleaching requires a correct diagnosis of the type of staining presented. The causes of tooth staining differ depending on the etiological factor. Objective To assess the color change caused by the immersion of bovine teeth in coffee solution during at-home tooth bleaching using a 16% carbamide peroxide gel. Material and method Thirty-three sound bovine teeth were assigned to three groups of eleven teeth each: 1 – Teeth bleached (TB) four hours per day for 21 days; 2 – TB four hours per day for 21 days and immersed in coffee solution immediately after tooth bleaching; 3 – TB four hours per day for 21 days and immersed in coffee solution four hours after the end of tooth bleaching. Immersed in coffee was performed for 15 minutes and tooth color was assessed before the start of the bleaching procedure and after 21 days with an intraoral spectrophotometer. Test Shapiro-Wilk was used to assess homoscedasticity and data were submitted to one-factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p <0.05). Result The color change observed in group 1 (5.76 ± 2.74)A was not statistically different from group 2 (8.83 ±5.11)A, which was immersed in coffee solution immediately after tooth bleaching, and from group 3, which was immersed in coffee solution four hours after tooth bleaching (8.20 ±3.71)A. Conclusion Coffee did not interfere with the tooth bleaching results, regardless of the time after the procedure. Hence, diet restrictions are not necessary during tooth bleaching.
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ESPÍNDOLA-CASTRO LF, CELERINO PRRP, NASCIMENTO TAD, MONTEIRO GQDM, CORREIA TC. Evaluation of the effect of tooth polishing on color stability after in-office bleaching treatment. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction One of the most commonly used corrective methods for staining teeth is tooth bleaching. However, subclinical alterations may occur in the micromorphology of dental tissues during the bleaching procedure, such as increases in porosity and surface roughness. Consequently, dental enamel may become more permeable and susceptible to staining. Objective To evaluate the influence of tooth polishing after in-office bleaching treatment on color stability. Material and method Thirty-three extracted human molars were used. The teeth were cut in the mesiodistal direction to obtain two samples per tooth (total of 66). The samples were randomly divided into six groups (n=11). Before and after the bleaching treatment, the lightness of the samples and change in lightness (∆L) were determined with a digital spectrophotometer (Easy Shade). The samples were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide (three sessions weekly). Three groups were submitted to polishing with felt discs and polishing paste after each session. To simulate the oral conditions during the consumption of colored beverages, the samples were submitted to alternating cycles of immersion in staining solutions (coffee, red wine, and Coca Cola). Result Polishing resulted in an increase of mean lightness of 4.49 in the red wine group, 2.73 in the coffee group, and 4.08 in the cola group. The difference was significant in the red wine group (p<0.022), but not in the coffee or cola group. Conclusion Polishing after in-office bleaching using felt discs and polishing paste can reduce the degree of pigment impregnation in patient with red wine rich diet.
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11
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Hass V, Carvalhal ST, Lima SNL, Viteri-Garcia AA, Maia Filho EM, Bandeca MC, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Tavarez RRDJ. Effects of Exposure to Cola-Based Soft Drink on Bleaching Effectiveness and Tooth Sensitivity of In-Office Bleaching: A Blind Clinical Trial. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2019; 11:383-392. [PMID: 31908538 PMCID: PMC6930015 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s227059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this single-blind (evaluators) and parallel design study was to evaluate whether exposure to a cola-based soft drink during bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) affects color change and bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-four patients with central incisors darker than A2 were selected. Participants who did not drink cola-based soft drinks were assigned to the control group (CG), while participants who drank a cola-based soft drink at least twice a day were assigned to the experimental group (EG). For the CG, foods with staining dyes were restricted. For the EG, there was no restriction on food and patients were asked to rinse their mouths with a cola-based soft drink for 30 s, 4 times daily. For both groups, 2 sessions with three 15 min applications of 35% HP were performed. Shade evaluation was assessed via subjective (VITA classical and VITA bleacheguide shade guides) and objective methods (Easyshade spectrophotometer) at baseline, during bleaching (first, second, and third weeks), and post bleaching (1 week and 1 month). Patients recorded their sensitivity perceptions using a numerical rating scale and 0-10 visual analog scales. Variation in shade guide units and the 2 colors (DE) were evaluated with a Student's t-test (α = 0.05) and Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05). Absolute risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity were evaluated by a Chi-square test (α=0.05). RESULTS Effective bleaching was observed for both groups after 30 days, without statistical difference (p > 0.08). There was no significant difference in absolute risk of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity between the 2 groups (p = 0.74). Higher and significant scores in pain scales were detected for the EG in comparison to the CG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Even that the cola-based soft drink exposure during in-office bleaching treatments did not affect the bleaching's effectiveness; patients reported a higher intensity in bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Hass
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, UNOPAR-University Northern Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Dourado Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Zhao X, Zanetti F, Wang L, Pan J, Majeed S, Malmstrom H, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J, Ren Y. Effects of different discoloration challenges and whitening treatments on dental hard tissues and composite resin restorations. J Dent 2019; 89:103182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Hauss Monteiro DD, Valentim PT, Elias DC, Moreira AN, Machado Cornacchia TP, Magalhães CS. Effect of surface treatments on staining and roughness of bleached enamel. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:393-398. [PMID: 31397414 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_233_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objectives were to evaluate the effect of surface treatments and waiting time before contact with dye on bleached enamel staining and surface treatments on roughness. Methods One hundred bleached teeth were randomly assigned to G1 artificial saliva, G2 2% sodium fluoride (Flugel, Nova DFL), G3 casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste (MI Paste Plus, GC America), G4 rinse for bleached color maintenance (Keep White Rinse, DMC), and G5 polishing with impregnated disks (SuperBuff Disk, Shofu). Fifty specimens were immersed in coffee immediately after treatment; the others 1 h after. Color difference (ΔE) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (Vita EasyShade) and roughness (Ra, Rq) with an optical profilometer (NewView 7300). Effects were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, Friedman, and Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05). Results Surface treatments (P = 0.878), waiting time (P = 0.105), and interaction (P = 0.145) were not significant to bleached color maintenance. Roughness was different among the evaluation time points (2nd evaluation >1st evaluation >3rd evaluation) (P < 0.001); not among surface treatments (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5) (P > 0.05). Conclusions Surface treatments were similar to saliva for bleached enamel color maintenance. Immediate or 1-h postponed contact with coffee did not affect bleached enamel color. Bleaching increased enamel roughness; surface treatments and artificial saliva decreased it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Drummond Hauss Monteiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pablo Thiago Valentim
- Department of Physics, Exact Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais; National Institute of Science and Technology of Nanodevices Semiconductors, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cunha Elias
- Department of Physics, Exact Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Allyson Nogueira Moreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Silami Magalhães
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Carneiro G, Monteiro D, Rodrigues M, Yamauti M, Moreira A, Magalhães C. Color change of the bleached enamel treated with calcium silicate- sodium phosphate-sodium monofluorophosphate-based system. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e353-e359. [PMID: 31110615 PMCID: PMC6522104 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing demand of tooth bleaching has also increased the need of researches focusing on the durability of the resultant color. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a system based on calcium silicate, sodium phosphate and sodium monofluorophosphate (Regenerate™) on color maintenance of bleached enamel considering two waiting times for the contact with a cola drink. Material and Methods This in vitrostudy was performed on bovine enamel specimens (n = 100), bleached with 35% H2O2 and treated with: G1 Distilled water; G2 Artificial saliva; G3 RegenerateTM Serum and Toothpaste; G4 RegenerateTM Toothpaste; G5 RegenerateTM Serum. The groups G3, G4 and G5 received one application of the respective products for 3 min, in 3 consecutive days. The color parameters (ΔE, L*, a*, b*) were evaluated by spectrophotometry before and after bleaching and after surface treatments and immersion (15min) in cola drink, on the waiting times of 24 hours (T1) and 7 days (T2). The effect of surface treatments and waiting times was evaluated by Two-Way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon and T test (p<0.05). Results There was no significant effect of the surface treatments (p=0.57), waiting times (p=0.97) and their interaction (p=0.47) considering ΔE. The analysis of repeated measures of the color coordinates L*, a* and b* showed a decrease of chromaticity (a*, b*) for G3, G4 and G5 and an increase of lightness (L*) for G5, after immersion in cola drink, suggesting some protection against bleached enamel pigmentation. Conclusions RegenerateTM has a potential protective effect on bleached enamel color maintenance. The waiting times of 24 hours and 7 days for the contact with the cola drink did not influence bleached enamel color maintenance. Key words:Tooth bleaching, hydrogen peroxide, spectrophotometry, pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Carneiro
- DDS, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Débora Monteiro
- DDS, MSc, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais and Professor, Faculdade de Estudos Administrativos, Dentistry, FEAD
| | - Marcela Rodrigues
- DDS, MSc, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Monica Yamauti
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Allyson Moreira
- DDS, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Cláudia Magalhães
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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Carlos NR, Pinto A, do Amaral F, França F, Turssi CP, Basting RT. Influence of Staining Solutions on Color Change and Enamel Surface Properties During At-home and In-office Dental Bleaching: An In Situ Study. Oper Dent 2019; 44:595-608. [PMID: 31034349 DOI: 10.2341/18-236-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in situ study was to evaluate the influence of staining solutions (coffee and cola) on the color change, microhardness, roughness, and micromorphology of the enamel surface during at-home and in-office dental bleaching. One hundred and thirty-five enamel bovine blocks were prepared to perform the evaluations. Fifteen volunteers used an intraoral appliance with nine enamel blocks for 15 days. The enamel blocks were randomly assigned among the different groups according to the three treatments: in-office bleaching with high hydrogen peroxide concentration (Opalescence Boost PF 40%, Ultradent) for 40 minutes in three sessions (first, eighth, and 15th days of treatment), at-home bleaching with low carbamide peroxide concentration (Opalescence PF 10%, Ultradent) for 60 minutes daily for 15 days, and a control group (no bleaching agent applied). The enamel blocks were immersed daily in different staining solutions (coffee or cola) for 30 minutes for 15 days or were not submitted to staining (control) to obtain a factorial scheme (3×3) of the dental bleaching treatment and staining solution (n=15). The microhardness analyses (Knoop), roughness evaluations (Ra), surface micromorphological observations, and color measurements (using the CIELAB system and the VITA Classical scale) were made before and after the bleaching treatments to assess immersion in staining solutions. Mixed model tests showed that there was a decrease in enamel microhardness after exposure to cola compared with coffee and the control group (p<0.0001) for both bleaching techniques. Roughness was higher for the cola groups (p<0.0001), and there was no significant difference between the coffee and the control groups. Generalized linear models showed that when no staining solution was applied, lighter color scores were found for the VITA Classical scale (p<0.0001). Without the staining solutions, there was an increase in luminosity (ΔL) (p=0.0444) for in-office bleaching. Lower values of Δa (p=0.0010) were observed when the staining solutions were not used. The Δb (p=0.3929) did not vary significantly between the bleaching agents, but when cola was applied, the values were significantly higher than for the control (p=0.0293). Higher values of ΔE (p=0.0089) were observed for in-office bleaching without staining solutions, while lower values of ΔE were observed for the in-office associated with coffee immersion. Regardless of whether being submitted to bleaching, the enamel stained with cola showed a decrease in microhardness, an increase in roughness, and changes in the micromorphology. The efficacy of the bleaching agents was greater when no staining solution (cola or coffee) was used, and in-office bleaching showed greater color change than the at-home bleaching technique.
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16
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Ermis RB, Uzer Celik E, Yildiz G, Yazkan B. Effect of tooth discolouration severity on the efficacy and colour stability of two different trayless at-home bleaching systems. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2018; 12:120-127. [PMID: 30087763 PMCID: PMC6076880 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2018.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The use of trayless at-home bleaching agents in darker teeth is raising some concerns due to their unknown efficacy. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of tooth discolouration severity on the efficacy and colour stability of two different trayless at-home bleaching systems.
Methods. Ninety enamel-dentin samples were divided into two groups: lighter tand darker teeth. The teeth in each group were further divided into three groups (n=15): (1) tray-based system with 10% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence Oh) (control group); (2) a tray applied whitening membrane with 10% hydrogen peroxide (Treswhite Supreme); and (3) a whitening pen with 22% carbamide peroxide (Hollywood Smiles). After bleaching, the teeth were stained for 9 days using red wine. Colour readings before bleaching treatment were determined using a dental spectrophotometer and were repeated 24 h after bleaching treatment and 24 h after staining process. Analysis of variance, Bonferroni and Dunnett C tests were used at 5% significance level.
Results. No differences were observed between the bleaching efficacy of Treswhite Supreme and Opalescence Oh in the lighter teeth, while Opalescence Oh had the best bleaching efficacy in the darker teeth (p<0.05). Hollywood Smiles had the worst bleaching efficay but the best color stability in both lighter and darker teeth (p<0.05). No differences were observed between the color stability values of Treswhite Supreme and Opalescence Oh.
Conclusion. This study suggested that both the tooth discolouration severity and the type of trayless system used affected the bleaching efficacy, whereas only the type of trayless system affected the color stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Banu Ermis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Turkey
| | - Esra Uzer Celik
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gul Yildiz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Basak Yazkan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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17
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Monteiro D, Moreira A, Cornacchia T, Magalhães C. Evaluation of the effect of different enamel surface treatments and waiting times on the staining prevention after bleaching. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e677-e681. [PMID: 28512546 PMCID: PMC5429481 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bleached dental enamel can be more susceptible to staining than the enamel that has never been bleached, especially right after tooth bleaching. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of surface treatments and waiting time prior to contact with dye on bleached enamel staining susceptibility. Material and Methods One hundred teeth were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Whiteness HP, FGM) and randomly assigned to G1 artificial saliva, G2 2% sodium fluoride (Flugel, Nova DFL), G3 casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste (CPP-ACPF, MI Paste Plus, GC America), G4 rinse for color maintenance after bleaching (Keep White Rinse, DMC) and G5 polishing with aluminum oxide-impregnated disks (Super Buff Disk, Shofu). Fifty specimens were immersed in red wine for 15 minutes, immediately after treatment, and the others one hour after. Color difference (∆E) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (Vita EasyShade). Surface treatments and waiting time effects were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney tests (p<0.05). Results Surface treatments (p>0.05) and waiting time (p>0.05) were not significant to decrease bleached enamel susceptibility to red wine staining. Conclusions Surface treatments were similar to artificial saliva for bleached enamel susceptibility to red wine staining. Immediate or one-hour-postponed contact with red wine did not affect bleached enamel color. Key words:Tooth bleaching, color, dental enamel, hydrogen peroxide, pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Monteiro
- DDS, MSc, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais and Professor, Faculdade de Estudos Administrativos, Dentistry, FEAD
| | - Allyson Moreira
- DDS, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Tulimar Cornacchia
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
| | - Cláudia Magalhães
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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18
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Attia ML, Cavalli V, Espírito Santo AMD, Martin AA, D'Arce MBF, Aguiar FHB, Lovadino JR, Rego MAD, Cavalcanti AN, Liporoni PCS. Effects of Bleaching Agents Combined with Regular and Whitening Toothpastes on Surface Roughness and Mineral Content of Enamel. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:378-83. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2014.3835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Airton Abrahão Martin
- Research and Development Institute (IP&D), University of Paraiba Valley, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Roberto Lovadino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School/ University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Nóbrega Cavalcanti
- Area of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, School of Medicine and Public Health of Bahia and School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Priscila Christiane Suzy Liporoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School/ University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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19
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Matis BA, Wang G, Matis JI, Cook NB, Eckert GJ. White Diet: Is It Necessary During Tooth Whitening? Oper Dent 2015; 40:235-40. [DOI: 10.2341/14-019-lit] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Patients are sometimes blamed for a reduced effect of bleaching when they do not adhere to a dentist's prescribed white diet. This study aimed to determine whether a white diet is necessary by evaluating the effects of coffee, tea, wine, and dark fruits on the potential tooth whitening during the bleaching process. Each of the effects of discoloration was categorized as “yes” or “no” based on a patient questionnaire. Data from five published studies were included in the analyses. Outcomes were based on the color change between baseline and the end of bleaching. The relationships between color changes were measured subjectively and objectively. A nonwhite diet was not significantly associated with less tooth whitening, and there was only a weak positive association between tooth whitening and diet for subjects who drank large amounts of coffee/tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- BA Matis
- Bruce A. Matis, DDS, MSD, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - G Wang
- Ge Wang, DDS, MD, PhD, Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - JI Matis
- Bruce A. Matis, DDS, MSD, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - NB Cook
- N. Blaine Cook, DDS, MSD, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indianapolis
| | - GJ Eckert
- George J. Eckert, MAS, Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Indianapolis
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20
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Mori AA, Lima FF, Benetti AR, Terada RSS, Fujimaki M, Pascotto RC. Susceptibility to Coffee Staining during Enamel Remineralization Following the In-Office Bleaching Technique: An In Situ Assessment. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2015; 28 Suppl 1:S23-31. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Akemi Mori
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Ribeirão Preto Dental School; State University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferruzzi Lima
- Department of Prosthodontics; Bauru Dental School; State University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Benetti
- Department of Odontology; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Mitsue Fujimaki
- Department of Dentistry; State University of Maringá; Maringá Paraná Brazil
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21
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Torres CRG, Crastechini E, Feitosa FA, Pucci CR, Borges AB. Influence of pH on the Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide Whitening. Oper Dent 2014; 39:E261-8. [DOI: 10.2341/13-214-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective
To evaluate the influence of pH on the bleaching effect of hydrogen peroxide on chromogen agents.
Method
Hydrogen peroxide 50% was mixed with red wine or with an alcoholic solution of tobacco in glass cuvettes, resulting in final peroxide concentrations of 16.97% and 21.12%, respectively. The pH of this mixture was measured and adjusted with 3.3 M HCl solution or 2.5 M NaOH solution to obtain the final pH values of 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0. After mixing, the color of these solutions was evaluated in a reflectance spectrophotometer; readings were repeated after 10 minutes for the wine solution and 20 minutes for the tobacco solution. Ten samples were prepared for each solution at each pH. Color changes (Delta E) were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance one-way and Tukey tests, with a significance level of 5%.
Results
There were significant differences among the different pH values for the wine and tobacco solutions (p=0.0001). The Tukey test showed that for both solutions, pH 9.0 resulted in a significantly greater bleaching effect than the other values tested.
Conclusion
The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide bleaching is directly proportional to the increase in its pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- CRG Torres
- *Carlos R G Torres, DDS, PhD, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Crastechini
- Erica Crastechini, DDS, MS, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - FA Feitosa
- Fernanda Alves Feitosa, DDS, MS, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - CR Pucci
- Cesar Rogério Pucci, DDS, MS, PhD, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - AB Borges
- Alessandra Bühler Borges, DDS, MS, PhD, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Pirolo R, Mondelli RFL, Correr GM, Gonzaga CC, Furuse AY. Effect of coffee and a cola-based soft drink on the color stability of bleached bovine incisors considering the time elapsed after bleaching. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:534-40. [PMID: 25075672 PMCID: PMC4307768 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is no consensus about the waiting time necessary for the patient to start consuming beverages containing colorants again after bleaching. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of beverages with coloring agents on bleached bovine incisors considering the time elapsed after bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty bovine incisors were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide for in-office use (Whiteness HP Max) and divided into 10 groups. The color was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (Spectro Shade MICRO) before and after bleaching, employing the CIE-Lab system. After bleaching, the teeth were exposed for 5 min to coffee or cola-based soft drink (CBSD) at different periods after bleaching: 10 min, 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Color (∆E) and lightness (∆L) variations were obtained from the CIE-Lab coordinates. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (p<0.05). RESULTS Significant differences were observed between groups for both the ∆L and ∆E values (p<0.001). All specimens presented a decrease in brightness (negative ∆L). The highest ∆E values were observed for teeth stained with a CBSD at 10 min and 1 h (4.12 and 4.16, respectively). Teeth pigmented with coffee presented ∆E values below 3.3 units for all evaluation times. CONCLUSION The exposure to coffee after bleaching causes less color changes than the exposure to a CBSD regardless of the time after bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Francisco Lia Mondelli
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adilson Yoshio Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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23
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Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated the influence of coffee, tea, cola, and red wine staining on the color of teeth after home bleaching. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 samples were obtained from 45 sound maxillary central incisors. The home bleaching procedure was performed using 10% carbamide peroxide gel applied to the sample surface for a period of 6 h each day, for 14 days. After bleaching, baseline color measurements were taken, and the samples were immersed in four staining solutions (coffee, tea, cola, and red wine) or artificial saliva (n = 9). Following 15 min and 6 h of immersion on the first day and next day, respectively, the samples were washed with distilled water for 10 s. After 15 min, 6 h, 1 week, and 1 month immersions, the color values of each sample were remeasured and the color change values (∆E) were calculated. Color change analysis was performed using a spectrophotometer. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test (P <0.05). Results: Of all the staining solutions, the lowest ∆E values were observed with coffee staining versus artificial saliva (control group), for all time intervals evaluated after whitening. Although no statistically differences were observed between the coffee and control group at all the time points evaluated, there were statistically significant differences between the red wine, cola, and tea solutions. Conclusion: Following tooth whitening, patients should avoid drinks that cause tooth staining, particularly red wine, tea and cola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Karadas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkiye
| | - Nilgun Seven
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye
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24
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do Carmo Públio J, D'Arce MBF, Ambrosano GMB, Aguiar FHB, Lovadino JR, Paulillo LAMS, Lima DANL. Efficacy of tooth bleaching with the prior application of a desensitizing agent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 6:133-40. [PMID: 24357604 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of bleaching on enamel and opposite dentin surfaces using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) with the prior application of a desensitizing agent. METHODS Thirty bovine dental fragments, with thicknesses of 1 mm enamel and 1.75 mm dentin, were stained in a solution of black tea. The fragments were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the following protocols: (a) 2% neutral fluoride + bleaching; (b) desensitizing agent + bleaching; and (c) without desensitizer + bleaching. The bleaching efficacy was evaluated four times: after staining with tea (baseline) and after each of the 3 weeks of bleaching, by means of the CIE Lab method using a reflectance spectrophotometer. The data coordinate L* was evaluated by an analysis of repeated measures with PROC MIXED and Tukey-Kramer's test. The ΔE values were subjected to anova and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The 35% HP treatment showed greater efficacy on deep dentin after removal of the enamel stains, with increasing means during all times in all treatments. CONCLUSION The use of a desensitizing agent prior to the bleaching session did not affect the mechanism of action of 35% HP with regard to tooth depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana do Carmo Públio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNiCAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Rezende M, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Kossatz S. Clinical Effects of Exposure to Coffee During At-home Vital Bleaching. Oper Dent 2013; 38:E229-36. [DOI: 10.2341/12-188-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment with 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) affects the degree of whitening and tooth sensitivity. Forty patients with central incisors darker than A2 were selected. Participants who did not drink coffee were assigned to the control group (CG), while participants who drink coffee at least twice a day were assigned to the experimental group (EG). For CG, foods with dyes were restricted. For EG there was no restriction on food and patients were asked to make coffee rinses for 30 seconds, four times daily. For both groups 16% CP was used for a period of three hours daily for three weeks. Shade evaluation was assessed visually by Vita classical shade guide and by the Easyshade spectrophotometer at baseline, during bleaching (first, second, and third weeks), and postbleaching (one week and one month). Patients recorded their sensitivity perceptions by means of the numerical rating scale and 0-10 visual analog scales. Variation in shade guide units and the two colors (ΔE) were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Absolute risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Effective bleaching was observed for both groups after three weeks, without statistical difference. No difference in terms of risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was detected between groups. Approximately 57% of the participants experienced tooth sensitivity, which was recorded mainly as “mild.” Exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment does not seem to affect the degree of bleaching and tooth sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rezende
- Márcia Rezende, Ms, Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
| | - AD Loguercio
- Alessandro D Loguercio, DDS, Ms, PhD, Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
| | - A Reis
- Alessandra Reis, DDS, PhD, Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
| | - S Kossatz
- Stella Kossatz, DDS, Ms, PhD, Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
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Côrtes G, Pini NP, Lima DANL, Liporoni PCS, Munin E, Ambrosano GMB, Aguiar FHB, Lovadino JR. Influence of coffee and red wine on tooth color during and after bleaching. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:1475-80. [PMID: 23421870 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.771404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of coffee and red wine staining on tooth color during and after bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blocks obtained from human molars were divided into 11 groups (n = 5) in accordance with the bleaching treatment-peroxide carbamide 10%, 15% or 20%-and in accordance with the stain therapy-coffee, wine or without staining (control). Color change analysis was performed by photo-reflectance using a spectrophotometer, during (3-times/week) and after (7, 15 and 30 days) the bleaching treatment. During the experiment, the samples were stored in artificial saliva. The results were submitted to statistical analysis with the Dunnet and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS The concentrations of carbamide peroxide (10%, 15% and 20%) did not differ significantly from the control group during bleaching (up to the 22nd day), with (Tukey, p > 0.05) or without storage in pigment solution. After the bleaching, there were statistically significant differences between the groups treated with coffee (30th day) and wine (7th and 30th days) relative to the control, which was treated with whitening agents. CONCLUSION During bleaching, remineralization of the enamel with artificial saliva and the subsequent bleaching session were effective in preventing enamel staining. After the whitening procedures, both stain therapies-coffee and wine-caused enamel color changes; however, the wine led to greater staining than did coffee.
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Públio JC, D'Arce MB, Brunharo NM, Ambrosano GM, Aguiar FH, Lovadino JR, Lima DA. Influence of surface treatments on enamel susceptibility to staining by cigarette smoke. J Clin Exp Dent 2013; 5:e163-8. [PMID: 24455074 PMCID: PMC3892245 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of remineralizing agents, including artificial saliva, neutral fluoride, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), on the susceptibility of bleached enamel to staining by cigarette smoke. STUDY DESIGN Fifty bovine enamel blocks were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): G1- bleaching; G2- bleaching and immersion in artificial saliva; G3- bleaching and application of CPP-ACP; G4- bleaching and application of neutral fluoride; and G5- untreated (Control). Teeth were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide and treated with the appropriate remineralizing agent. After treatment, all groups were exposed to cigarette smoke. Enamel color measurements were performed at three different times: before treatment (T1), after treatment (bleaching and remineralizing agent) (T2), and after staining (T3), by using the CIE Lab method with a spectrophotometer. The data coordinate L* was evaluated by analysis of repeated-measures PROC MIXED and Tukey-Kramer's test, and the ΔE values were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The G1 group did not show any statistically significant difference for L* values between times T1 and T2. The G4 and G5 groups showed lower L* values at T3 compared to T2. No significant differences between the groups were observed for ΔE (after treatment and staining). However, G4 showed a clinically apparent color change. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of bleached enamel with neutral fluoride can contribute to the increased staining of enamel due to cigarette smoke. Key words:Spectrophotometer, remineralizing agents, bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C Públio
- DDS, MS student. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Bf D'Arce
- DDS, MS, PhD student. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - Nádia M Brunharo
- DDS. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Mb Ambrosano
- PhD, Full Professor. Department of Social Dentistry/Statistics, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Hb Aguiar
- DDS, MS, PhD, Assistant Professor. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - José R Lovadino
- DDS, MS, PhD, Full Professor. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University -UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Anl Lima
- DDS, MS, PhD, Assistant Professor. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University - UNICAMP, SP, Brazil
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28
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The effect of at-home bleaching and toothbrushing on removal of coffee and cigarette smoke stains and color stability of enamel. J Am Dent Assoc 2012; 143:e1-7. [DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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