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Hendler RM, Weiss OE, Morad T, Sion G, Kirby M, Dubinsky Z, Barbora A, Minnes R, Baranes D. A Poly-D-lysine-Coated Coralline Matrix Promotes Hippocampal Neural Precursor Cells' Differentiation into GFAP-Positive Astrocytes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4054. [PMID: 37896298 PMCID: PMC10610048 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A major goal of regenerative medicine of the central nervous system is to accelerate the regeneration of nerve tissue, where astrocytes, despite their positive and negative roles, play a critical role. Thus, scaffolds capable of producing astrocytes from neural precursor cells (NPCs) are most desirable. Our study shows that NPCs are converted into reactive astrocytes upon cultivation on coralline-derived calcium carbonate coated with poly-D-lysine (PDL-CS). As shown via nuclei staining, the adhesion of neurospheres containing hundreds of hippocampal neural cells to PDL-CS resulted in disaggregation of the cell cluster as well as the radial migration of dozens of cells away from the neurosphere core. Migrating cells per neurosphere averaged 100 on PDL-CS, significantly higher than on uncoated CS (28), PDL-coated glass (65), or uncoated glass (20). After 3 days of culture on PDL-CS, cell migration plateaued and remained stable for four more days. In addition, NPCs expressing nestin underwent continuous morphological changes from round to spiky, extending and elongating their processes, resembling activated astrocytes. The extension of the process increased continuously during the maturation of the culture and doubled after 7 days compared to day 1, whereas bifurcation increased by twofold during the first 3 days before plateauing. In addition, nestin positive cells' shape, measured through the opposite circularity level correlation, decreased approximately twofold after three days, indicating spiky transformation. Moreover, nestin-positive cells co-expressing GFAP increased by 2.2 from day 1 to 7, reaching 40% of the NPC population on day 7. In this way, PDL-CS promotes NPC differentiation into reactive astrocytes, which could accelerate the repair of neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Mina Hendler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Orly Eva Weiss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Tzachy Morad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Guy Sion
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Department of Science, The David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel
| | - Michael Kirby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Ayan Barbora
- Department of Physics, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Refael Minnes
- Department of Physics, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Danny Baranes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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Morad T, Hendler RM, Canji E, Weiss OE, Sion G, Minnes R, Polaq AHG, Merfeld I, Dubinsky Z, Nesher E, Baranes D. Aragonite-Polylysine: Neuro-Regenerative Scaffolds with Diverse Effects on Astrogliosis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2850. [PMID: 33260420 PMCID: PMC7760860 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials, especially when coated with adhesive polymers, are a key tool for restorative medicine, being biocompatible and supportive for cell adherence, growth, and function. Aragonite skeletons of corals are biomaterials that support survival and growth of a range of cell types, including neurons and glia. However, it is not known if this scaffold affects neural cell migration or elongation of neuronal and astrocytic processes, prerequisites for initiating repair of damage in the nervous system. To address this, hippocampal cells were aggregated into neurospheres and cultivated on aragonite skeleton of the coral Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (Coral Skeleton (CS)), on naturally occurring aragonite (Geological Aragonite (GA)), and on glass, all pre-coated with the oligomer poly-D-lysine (PDL). The two aragonite matrices promoted equally strong cell migration (4.8 and 4.3-fold above glass-PDL, respectively) and axonal sprouting (1.96 and 1.95-fold above glass-PDL, respectively). However, CS-PDL had a stronger effect than GA-PDL on the promotion of astrocytic processes elongation (1.7 vs. 1.2-fold above glass-PDL, respectively) and expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (3.8 vs. and 1.8-fold above glass-PDL, respectively). These differences are likely to emerge from a reaction of astrocytes to the degree of roughness of the surface of the scaffold, which is higher on CS than on GA. Hence, CS-PDL and GA-PDL are scaffolds of strong capacity to derive neural cell movements and growth required for regeneration, while controlling the extent of astrocytic involvement. As such, implants of PDL-aragonites have significant potential as tools for damage repair and the reduction of scar formation in the brain following trauma or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzachy Morad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Roni Mina Hendler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Eyal Canji
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Orly Eva Weiss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Guy Sion
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Institute for Land Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 789, Elizabeth Mitchell Drive, Albury, NSW 2642, Australia
| | - Refael Minnes
- Department of Physics, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel;
| | - Ania Hava Grushchenko Polaq
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Ido Merfeld
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Elimelech Nesher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
- Institute for Personalized and Translational Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
| | - Danny Baranes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel; (T.M.); (R.M.H.); (E.C.); (O.E.W.); (A.H.G.P.); (I.M.); (E.N.)
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3
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Lou YX, Wang ZZ, Xia CY, Mou Z, Ren Q, Liu DD, Zhang X, Chen NH. The protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on depression may benefit from the gap junction function in hippocampal astrocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173309. [PMID: 32598952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the ginsenoside Rg1 can improve depressive symptoms in vitro and in vivo. However, the efficacy of Rg1on the hippocampal astrocyte gap junctions in depression are unclear. We mainly aimed to explore the relationship between Rg1, hippocampal astrocyte gap junctions and depression. Using primary cultured astrocytes, corticosterone (CORT) was used to induce stress. CORT (100 μM) significantly reduced the survival rate in astrocytes, and this effect was prevented by additional Rg1 administration. Interestingly, the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone (CBX) was able to revert this Rg1 effect. In in vivo models, one group was exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) for 47 days, while another group was bilaterally injected with CBX (100 μM) into the hippocampal CA1 region. Rats treated with Rg1 (20 mg/kg) showed an improvement in the sucrose preference and the forced swimming test in both models, indicating an antidepressive activity of Rg1. The levels of astrocyte gap junction connexin 43 (Cx43) were detected by immunofluorescence (IF) and western blotting. The levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by IF. The gap junctions in the hippocampal CA1 area were evaluated using dye transfer and electron microscopy. The reduction in Cx43 expression, the decrease in the Cx43 to GFAP ratio, the shorter dye diffusion distance, and the abnormal ultrastructure of gap junctions in rats exposed to CUS were markedly alleviated by concomitant Rg1 treatment. Taken together, the ginsenoside Rg1 could improve depression-like behavior in rats induced by astrocyte gap junction dysfunction in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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4
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Gancz A, Zueva Y, Weiss OE, Hendler RM, Minnes R, Baranes D. Coralline Skeleton Biomaterial Reduces Phagocytosis in Mouse Blood
in vitro. Isr J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayala Gancz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural SciencesAriel University Ariel Israel
| | - Yekaterina Zueva
- Center for Allergy and ImmunologyBarzilai Hospital Ashkelon Israel
| | - Orly E. Weiss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural SciencesAriel University Ariel Israel
| | - Roni M. Hendler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural SciencesAriel University Ariel Israel
| | - Rafael Minnes
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural SciencesAriel University Ariel Israel
| | - Danny Baranes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural SciencesAriel University Ariel Israel
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5
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Morad TI, Hendler RM, Weiss OE, Canji EA, Merfeld I, Dubinsky Z, Minnes R, Francis YI, Baranes D. Gliosis of astrocytes cultivated on coral skeleton is regulated by the matrix surface topography. Biomed Mater 2019; 14:045005. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab0d69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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6
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Al Omari MMH, Rashid IS, Qinna NA, Jaber AM, Badwan AA. Calcium Carbonate. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2016; 41:31-132. [PMID: 26940168 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3 formed by three main elements: carbon, oxygen, and calcium. It is a common substance found in rocks in all parts of the world (most notably as limestone), and is the main component of shells of marine organisms, snails, coal balls, pearls, and eggshells. CaCO3 exists in different polymorphs, each with specific stability that depends on a diversity of variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M H Al Omari
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
| | - I S Rashid
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
| | | | - A M Jaber
- Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - A A Badwan
- The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Amman, Jordan
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7
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Vago R. Beyond the skeleton: Cnidarian biomaterials as bioactive extracellular microenvironments for tissue engineering. Organogenesis 2012; 4:18-22. [PMID: 19279710 DOI: 10.4161/org.5843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Razi Vago
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva, Israel
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8
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Veiga DD, Antunes JC, Gómez RG, Mano JF, Ribelles JLG, Soria JM. Three-Dimensional Scaffolds as a Model System for Neural and Endothelial ‘In Vitro’ Culture. J Biomater Appl 2010; 26:293-310. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328210365005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials based on the hydrophobic homopolymer poly(ethyl acrylate), PEA, and its copolymers with hydroxyethyl acrylate, p(EA-co-HEA) and methacrylic acid, p(EA-co-MAAc) were prepared as polymeric scaffolds with interconnected pores of 90 microns and tested in vitro as culture substrates and compared for their impact on the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSC) obtained from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of postnatal rats and human endothelial cells (HUVEC). Immunocytochemical staining assay for specific markers show that p(EA-co-MAAc) scaffolds were suitable substrates to promote cell attachment and differentiation of adult NSC and HUVEC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Dias Veiga
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n E -46022 Valencia, Spain, 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics Univ. Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal, IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa Antunes
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n E -46022 Valencia, Spain, 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics Univ. Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal, IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Roberto García Gómez
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Regenerative Medicine Unit Autopista del Saler 16, E -46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics Univ. Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal, IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jose Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n E -46022 Valencia, Spain, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Regenerative Medicine Unit Autopista del Saler 16, E -46013 Valencia, Spain, CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Miguel Soria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera Avda Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain, CIBER en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Valencia, Spain,
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9
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DiCarlo BB, Hu JC, Gross T, Vago R, Athanasiou KA. Biomaterial effects in articular cartilage tissue engineering using polyglycolic acid, a novel marine origin biomaterial, IGF-I, and TGF-beta 1. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2009; 223:63-73. [PMID: 19239068 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine articular chondrocytes were seeded on either polyglycolic acid (PGA) non-woven mesh scaffolds or a biomatrix from the species Porites lutea (POR). These constructs were cultured for 6 weeks in the presence of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I (10 ng/ml or 100 ng/ml) or transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (5 ng/ml or 30 ng/ml) to determine the in-vitro articular cartilage regeneration capacity of each. Histology, deoxyribonucleic acid content, collagen I and II (immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) contents were measured at 0 weeks, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks to assess the characteristics of chondrogenesis. Both scaffolds supported the maintenance of the chondrocytic phenotype, as evidenced by the predominance of collagen II and the presence of rounded chondrocytes embedded in lacunae. Regardless of growth factor treatment, cells cultured on PGA scaffolds produced more collagen type II than those cultured on POR. Conversely, by 6 weeks, cells cultured on POR scaffolds produced more GAG than those cultured on PGA scaffolds, again regardless of the growth factor used. Across the two groups, 100 ng/ml of IGF-I had the greatest overall effect in GAG content. This work indicates that PGA and the POR scaffolds are both effective growth matrices for articular cartilage, with each scaffold exhibiting different yet desirable profiles of articular cartilage growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B DiCarlo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Jeger R, Lichtenfeld Y, Peretz H, Shany B, Vago R, Baranes D. Visualization of the ultrastructural interface of cells with the outer and inner-surface of coral skeletons. JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 2009; 58:47-53. [PMID: 19218486 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfp005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline, porous biomaterials, such as marine invertebrate skeletons, have been widely used for functional reconstruction of human tissues like bone and dental implants. Since in such an abrasive microenvironment adequate cell-material interactions are crucial for a successful treatment, it is of great importance to improve the means to examine these interactions. We developed a method that reveals the ultrastructure of the interface between coral skeletons and cultured neural cells to a higher quality than do traditional methods as it does not include damaging procedures like decalcification or sectioning non-decalcified skeletons. It is rather based on generating two electron opacity distinct Araldite masks, of the skeleton and its surrounding, by polymerizing them to different durations. The contrast created at the border of the two masks outlined the fine and fragile crystals of the coral skeleton's outer and inner surfaces and their contact sites with the cells. The skeleton's internal structure contains a mesh of narrow (few microns wide) and large channel-shaped gaps interrupted by irregular-shaped crystalline material. Neural cells grew on the skeleton surface by stretching between crystal tips, with occasional rearrangements of cytoskeletal fibers located near the anchorage focal adherence points. Cell processes infiltrated the skeleton interior by stretching between inter-surface crystals and by adjusting their volume to the space of the conduits they grew into. The technique advances the study of coral biology and of neural cells-hard biomaterial interaction; it can be applied to other biomaterials and cell types and open new ways for studying tissue development and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Jeger
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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11
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Peretz H, Blinder P, Baranes D, Vago R. Aragonite crystalline matrix as an instructive microenvironment for neural development. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2008; 2:463-71. [DOI: 10.1002/term.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Many important lessons can be learnt from the study of biological form and the functional design of organisms as design criteria for the development of tissue engineering products. This merging of biomimetics and regenerative medicine is termed 'tissue bionics'. Clinically useful analogues can be generated by appropriating, modifying and mimicking structures from a diversity of natural biomatrices ranging from marine plankton shells to sea urchin spines. Methods in biomimetic materials chemistry can also be used to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds with added functional utility that promise human tissues fit for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Green
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, General Hospital, University of Southampton, UK.
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13
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Vago R. Cnidarians biomineral in tissue engineering: a review. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2008; 10:343-349. [PMID: 18481145 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is the process by which organisms precipitate minerals. Crystals formed in this way are exploited by the organisms for a variety of purposes, including mechanical support and protection of soft tissue. Skeletal precipitation, via millions of years of evolution, has produced a wide variety of architectural configurations and material properties. It is exactly these properties that now attract the attention of researchers searching for new materials for a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Vago
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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14
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Peretz H, Talpalar AE, Vago R, Baranes D. Superior survival and durability of neurons and astrocytes on 3-dimensional aragonite biomatrices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:461-72. [PMID: 17319796 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2005.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Current needs of central nervous system therapy urge for the identification of scaffolds supporting the generation and long-term maintenance of healthy and functional neuronal tissue. We compared for the first time the viability of hippocampal neurons and astrocytes grown on conventional 2-dimensional (2D) conditions with that of cells grown on an aragonite bioactive 3-dimensional (3D) scaffold prepared from coralline exoskeleton. Cultures in 3D showed significantly lower mortality rate and higher neurons/astrocytes ratio than 2D cultures. Moreover, whereas cell survival in 2D was arrested in the absence of the supporting substrates poly-D-lysine and laminin, these substrates had negligible effect on the 3D cultures. Furthermore, aragonite matrices supported cell survival and growth under conditions of calcium and nutrients deprivation, whereas in 2D such treatments led to death of all neurons and of almost all astrocytes. To show that the aragonite matrices are permissive for neural cells also in vivo, aragonite matrices having no substrate coating grafted into postnatal rat cortex were invaded by neurons growing on the surface and in multilayer structures resembling those seen in the 3D culture in vitro. Hence, culture of neurons and astrocytes on 3D aragonite coralline matrices is a novel mean for production of stable neuronal tissue, with significant implication to the field of neuronal tissue restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Peretz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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15
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Baranes D, Cove J, Blinder P, Shany B, Peretz H, Vago R. Interconnected Network of Ganglion-Like Neural Cell Spheres Formed on Hydrozoan Skeleton. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:473-82. [PMID: 17518598 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Identifying scaffolds supporting in vitro reconstruction of active neuronal tissues in their 3-dimensional (3D) conformation is a major challenge in tissue engineering. We have previously shown that aragonite coral exoskeletons support the development of neuronal tissue from hippocampal neurons and astrocytes. Here we show for the first time that the porous aragonite skeleton obtained from bio-fabricated hydrozoan Millepora dichotoma supports the spontaneous organization of dissociated hippocampal cells into highly interconnected 3D ganglion-like tissue formations. The ganglion-like cell spheres expanded hundreds of microns across and included hundreds to thousands of astrocytes and mature neurons, most of them having only cell-cell and no cell-surface interactions. The spheres were linked to the surface directly or through a neck of cells and were interconnected through thick bundles of dendrites, varicosity-bearing axons, and astrocytic processes. Thus, M. dichotoma exoskeleton is a novel scaffold with the unprecedented ability to support a highly ordered organization of neuronal tissue. This unexpected organization opens new opportunities for neuronal tissue regeneration, because the spheres resemble in vivo nervous tissue having high volume of cells associated primarily through cell-cell rather than cell-matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baranes
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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