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Godefroy W, Faivre L, Sansac C, Thierry B, Allain JM, Bruneval P, Agniel R, Kellouche S, Monasson O, Peroni E, Jarraya M, Setterblad N, Braik M, Even B, Cheverry S, Domet T, Albanese P, Larghero J, Cattan P, Arakelian L. Development and qualification of clinical grade decellularized and cryopreserved human esophagi. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18283. [PMID: 37880340 PMCID: PMC10600094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to current full thickness circumferential esophageal replacement methods. The aim of our study was to develop a clinical grade Decellularized Human Esophagus (DHE) for future clinical applications. After decontamination, human esophagi from deceased donors were placed in a bioreactor and decellularized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 3 days. The esophagi were then rinsed in sterile water and SDS was eliminated by filtration on an activated charcoal cartridge for 3 days. DNA was removed by a 3-hour incubation with DNase. A cryopreservation protocol was evaluated at the end of the process to create a DHE cryobank. The decellularization was efficient as no cells and nuclei were observed in the DHE. Sterility of the esophagi was obtained at the end of the process. The general structure of the DHE was preserved according to immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopy images. SDS was efficiently removed, confirmed by a colorimetric dosage, lack of cytotoxicity on Balb/3T3 cells and mesenchymal stromal cell long term culture. Furthermore, DHE did not induce lymphocyte proliferation in-vitro. The cryopreservation protocol was safe and did not affect the tissue, preserving the biomechanical properties of the DHE. Our decellularization protocol allowed to develop the first clinical grade human decellularized and cryopreserved esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Godefroy
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale, Cancérologique et Endocrinienne, Hôpital Saint-Louis - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France.
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France.
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France.
| | - Lionel Faivre
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Sansac
- Banque de Tissus Humains, Hôpital St-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Briac Thierry
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France
- Service d'ORL Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Allain
- LMS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- Inria, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Agniel
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules, ERRMECe (EA1391), Institut des Matériaux, I-MAT (FD4122), CY Cergy Paris Université, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Sabrina Kellouche
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules, ERRMECe (EA1391), Institut des Matériaux, I-MAT (FD4122), CY Cergy Paris Université, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Olivier Monasson
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy Paris Université, 95000, Cergy Pontoise, France
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elisa Peroni
- CNRS, BioCIS, CY Cergy Paris Université, 95000, Cergy Pontoise, France
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- Banque de Tissus Humains, Hôpital St-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Niclas Setterblad
- UMS Saint-Louis US53 / UAR2030, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis Plateforme Technologique Centre, Université Paris Cité - Inserm - CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Massymissa Braik
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Even
- Laboratoire Gly-CRRET, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Paris Est, EA 4397 ERL CNRS 9215, Créteil, France
| | - Sophie Cheverry
- Laboratoire Gly-CRRET, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Paris Est, EA 4397 ERL CNRS 9215, Créteil, France
| | - Thomas Domet
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Albanese
- Laboratoire Gly-CRRET, Université Paris Est Créteil, Université Paris Est, EA 4397 ERL CNRS 9215, Créteil, France
| | - Jérôme Larghero
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France
- Centre MEARY de Thérapie Cellulaire Et Génique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattan
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale, Cancérologique et Endocrinienne, Hôpital Saint-Louis - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Lousineh Arakelian
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France.
- CIC de Biothérapies CBT 501, Paris, France.
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy / HIPI / INSERM UMR976, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies de Cellules Souches, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France.
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Prashantha K, Krishnappa A, Muthappa M. 3D bioprinting of gastrointestinal cancer models: A comprehensive review on processing, properties, and therapeutic implications. Biointerphases 2023; 18:020801. [PMID: 36963961 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) malignancies are an important public health problem considering the increased incidence in recent years and the high morbidity and mortality associated with it. GIT malignancies constitute 26% of the global cancer incidence burden and 35% of all cancer-related deaths. Gastrointestinal cancers are complex and heterogenous diseases caused by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of gastrointestinal tract carcinomas is dynamic and complex; it cannot be recapitulated in the basic two-dimensional cell culture systems. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models can mimic the TME more closely, enabling an improved understanding of the microenvironmental cues involved in the various stages of cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, the heterogeneity of the TME is incompletely reproduced in these 3D culture models, as they fail to regulate the orientation and interaction of various cell types in a complex architecture. To emulate the TME, 3D bioprinting has emerged as a useful technique to engineer cancer tissue models. Bioprinted cancer tissue models can potentially recapitulate cancer pathology and increase drug resistance in an organ-mimicking 3D environment. In this review, we describe the 3D bioprinting methods, bioinks, characterization of 3D bioprinted constructs, and their application in developing gastrointestinal tumor models that integrate their microenvironment with different cell types and substrates, as well as bioprinting modalities and their application in therapy and drug screening. We review prominent studies on the 3D bioprinted esophageal, hepatobiliary, and colorectal cancer models. In addition, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the cancer microenvironment in printed tumor models, highlights current challenges with respect to their clinical translation, and summarizes future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalappa Prashantha
- Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - Amita Krishnappa
- Department of Pathology, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medicinal Sciences Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District 571448, Karnataka, India
| | - Malini Muthappa
- Department of Physiology, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medicinal Sciences Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District 571448, Karnataka, India
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Esophageal wound healing by aligned smooth muscle cell-laden nanofibrous patch. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100564. [PMID: 36747583 PMCID: PMC9898453 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The esophagus exhibits peristalsis via contraction of circularly and longitudinally aligned smooth muscles, and esophageal replacement is required if there is a critical-sized wound. In this study, we proposed to reconstruct esophageal tissues using cell electrospinning (CE), an advanced technique for encapsulating living cells into fibers that allows control of the direction of fiber deposition. After treatment with transforming growth factor-β, mesenchymal stem cell-derived smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were utilized for cell electrospinning or three-dimensional bioprinting to compare the effects of aligned micropatterns on cell morphology. CE resulted in SMCs with uniaxially arranged and elongated cell morphology with upregulated expression levels of SMC-specific markers, including connexin 43, smooth muscle protein 22 alpha (SM22α), desmin, and smoothelin. When SMC-laden nanofibrous patches were transplanted into a rat esophageal defect model, the SMC patch promoted regeneration of esophageal wounds with an increased number of newly formed blood vessels and enhanced the SMC-specific markers of SM22α and vimentin. Taken together, CE with its advantages, such as guidance of highly elongated, aligned cell morphology and accelerated SMC differentiation, can be an efficient strategy to reconstruct smooth muscle tissues and treat esophageal perforation.
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Elia E, Brownell D, Chabaud S, Bolduc S. Tissue Engineering for Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tracts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010009. [PMID: 36613452 PMCID: PMC9820091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts share several similarities. Primarily, these tissues are composed of hollow structures lined by an epithelium through which materials need to flow with the help of peristalsis brought by muscle contraction. In the case of the gastrointestinal tract, solid or liquid food must circulate to be digested and absorbed and the waste products eliminated. In the case of the urinary tract, the urine produced by the kidneys must flow to the bladder, where it is stored until its elimination from the body. Finally, in the case of the vagina, it must allow the evacuation of blood during menstruation, accommodate the male sexual organ during coitus, and is the natural way to birth a child. The present review describes the anatomy, pathologies, and treatments of such organs, emphasizing tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Elia
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - David Brownell
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 42282)
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Haghdel M, Imanieh MH, Hosseinpour H, Ghasemi Y, Alizadeh AA. Development of Bio-artificial Esophageal Tissue Engineering Utilization for Circumferential Lesion Transplantation: A Narrative Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:406-421. [PMID: 36117582 PMCID: PMC9445863 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.89194.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The esophagus is the gastrointestinal tract's primary organ that transfers bolus into the stomach with peristaltic motion. Therefore, its lesions cause a significant disturbance in the nutrition and digestive system. Esophageal disease treatment sometimes requires surgical procedures that involve removal and circumferential full-thickness replacement. Unlike other organs, the esophagus has a limited regeneration ability and cannot be transplanted from donors. There are various methods of restoring the esophageal continuity; however, they are associated with certain flaws that lead to a non-functional recovery. As an exponentially growing science, tissue engineering has become a leading technique for the development of tissue replacement to repair damaged esophageal segments. Scaffold plays a significant role in the process of tissue engineering, as it acts as a template for the regeneration of growing tissue. A variety of scaffolds have been studied to replace the esophagus. Due to the many tissue quality challenges, the results are still inadequate and need to be improved. The success of esophageal tissue regeneration will finally depend on the scaffold's capability to mimic natural tissue properties and provide a qualified environment for regeneration. Thereby, scaffold fabrication techniques are fundamental. This article reviews the recent developments in esophageal tissue engineering for the treatment of circumferential lesions based on scaffold biomaterial engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobin Haghdel
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Imanieh
- Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hosseinpour
- Department of Surgery, Shiraz Laparoscopic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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6
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Kim SD, Kim IG, Tran HN, Cho H, Janarthanan G, Noh I, Chung EJ. Three-Dimensional Printed Design of Antibiotic-Releasing Esophageal Patches for Antimicrobial Activity Prevention. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:1490-1502. [PMID: 33847168 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharyngoesophageal defects can cause exposure to various bacterial flora and severe inflammation. We fabricated a biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) patch composed of both thin film and three-dimensional (3D) printed lattice, and then investigated the efficacy of pharyngoesophageal reconstruction by using 3D printed antibiotic-releasing PCL patches that inhibited early inflammation by sustained tetracycline (TCN) release from both thin PCL films and printed rods implanted in esophageal partial defects. PCL was 3D printed in lattice form on a presolution casted PCL thin film at ∼100 μm resolution. TCN was loaded onto the PCL-printed patches by 3D printing a mixture of TCN and PCL particles melted at 100°C. TCN exhibited sustained release in vitro for over 1 month. After loading TCN, the patches showed decreased tensile strength and Young's modulus, and less than 20% TCN was slowly released from the 2.5% TCN-loaded PCL patches over 150 days. Cytotoxicity tests of extract solutions from patch samples demonstrated excellent in vitro cell compatibility. Antibiotic-releasing PCL patches were then transplanted into partial esophageal defects in rats. Microcomputed tomography analysis revealed no leak of orally injected contrast agent in the entire esophagus. Tissue remodeling was examined through histological responses of M1 and M2 macrophages. In particular, the 1% and 3% TCN patch groups exhibited significant muscle layer regeneration by desmin immunostaining. Further histological and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the 1% and 3% TCN patch groups exhibited the best esophageal regeneration according to reepithelialization, neovascularization, and elastin texture around the implanted sites. Our antibiotic-releasing patch successfully consolidates the regenerative potential of esophageal muscle and mucosa and the antibacterial activity of TCN for 3D esophageal reconstruction. Impact statement Anastomosis site leakage and necrosis after pharyngoesophageal transplantation inevitably causes mortality because the mediastinum and neck compartments become contaminated. Herein, we present antibiotic-releasing pharyngoesophageal patch that prevents saliva leakage and has an antimicrobial effect. We have demonstrated antibiotic release profile and mechanical properties for esophageal transplantation. Upon esophageal transplantation of antibiotic-releasing polycaprolactone patches, antimicrobial effects and muscle regeneration around the graft sites were clearly identified in the group containing 1% and 3% of tetracycline. The esophageal graft led to the remarkable recovery throughout reepithelialization, neovascularization, and elastin texture of around the implanted sites. We believe that current system is capable of various applications that require antibacterial in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Dong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gul Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Nguyen Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopinathan Janarthanan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jones BC, Shibuya S, Durkin N, De Coppi P. Regenerative medicine for childhood gastrointestinal diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 56-57:101769. [PMID: 35331401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Several paediatric gastrointestinal diseases result in life-shortening organ failure. For many of these conditions, current therapeutic options are suboptimal and may not offer a cure. Regenerative medicine is an inter-disciplinary field involving biologists, engineers, and clinicians that aims to produce cell and tissue-based therapies to overcome organ failure. Exciting advances in stem cell biology, materials science, and bioengineering bring engineered gastrointestinal cell and tissue therapies to the verge of clinical trial. In this review, we summarise the requirements for bioengineered therapies, the possible sources of the various cellular and non-cellular components, and the progress towards clinical translation of oesophageal and intestinal tissue engineering to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C Jones
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Soichi Shibuya
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Durkin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Pien N, Palladino S, Copes F, Candiani G, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S, Mantovani D. Tubular bioartificial organs: From physiological requirements to fabrication processes and resulting properties. A critical review. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:420-446. [PMID: 34433163 DOI: 10.1159/000519207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nele Pien
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Palladino
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
- GenT Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Copes
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- GenT Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
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Eftekharzadeh S, Akbarzadeh A, Sabetkish N, Rostami M, Zabolian AH, Hashemi J, Tavangar SM, Kajbafzadeh AM. Esophagus tissue engineering: from decellularization to in vivo recellularization in two sites. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:301-312. [PMID: 34414549 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To produce an esophageal scaffold with suitable features and evaluate the result of in vivo cell seeding after its implantation in the omentum and near its original anatomical position in the rat model. The esophagus of twelve rats were resected, cannulated, and decellularized via a peristaltic pump. After confirmation of decellularization and preservation of extracellular matrix, decellularized scaffolds were implanted either in the abdominal cavity (group I, n = 6) or cervical area (group II, n = 6). Histological evaluations were performed after 3 and 6 months of implantation. The results of histological evaluations, scanning electron microscopy, and the tensile test confirmed the maintenance of extracellular matrix and removal of all cellular constituents. At the time of biopsy, no evidence of inflammation was detected and the implanted scaffolds appeared normal. Histopathological evaluations of implanted tissues revealed that undifferentiated cells were seen in scaffolds of all follow-ups in both groups. Epithelial cell seeding was more advanced in biopsies of group II obtained after 6 months of operation and was accompanied by angiogenesis in surrounding adventitia. It seems that the implantation of scaffold near its original place may have an important role in further cell seeding. This method may be surpassing in comparison with traditional implantation techniques for perfecting esophageal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Eftekharzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran
| | - Aram Akbarzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sabetkish
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran
| | - Minoo Rostami
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Zabolian
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran
| | - Javad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419433151, Iran.
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Gundogdu G, Morhardt D, Cristofaro V, Algarrahi K, Yang X, Costa K, Alegria CG, Sullivan MP, Mauney JR. Evaluation of Bilayer Silk Fibroin Grafts for Tubular Esophagoplasty in a Porcine Defect Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:103-116. [PMID: 32460641 PMCID: PMC7826443 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical reconstruction of tubular esophageal defects with autologous gastrointestinal segments is the gold standard treatment to replace damaged or diseased esophageal tissues. Unfortunately, this approach is associated with adverse complications, including dysphagia, donor-site morbidity, and in some cases patient death. Bilayer silk fibroin (BLSF) scaffolds were investigated as alternative, acellular grafts for tubular esophagoplasty in a porcine defect model for 3 months of implantation. Adult Yucatan mini-swine (n = 5) were subjected to esophageal reconstruction with tubular BLSF grafts (2 cm in length) in combination with transient esophageal stenting for 2 months followed by a 1-month period, where the graft site was unstented. All animals receiving BLSF grafts survived and were capable of solid food consumption, however strictures were noted at graft regions in 60% of the experimental cohort between 2 and 3 months postop and required balloon dilation. In addition, fluoroscopic analysis showed peristaltic function in only 1/5 neotissues. Following swine harvest at 3 months, ex vivo tissue bath evaluations revealed that neoconduits exhibited contractile responses to carbachol, electric field stimulation, and KCl, whereas sodium nitroprusside and isoproterenol induced relaxation effects. Histological (Masson's Trichrome) and immunohistochemical analyses of regenerated tissue conduits showed a stratified, squamous epithelium expressing pan-cytokeratins buttressed by a vascularized lamina propria containing a smooth muscle-rich muscularis mucosa surrounded by a muscularis externa. Neuronal density, characterized by the presence of synaptophysin-positive boutons, was significantly lower in neotissues in comparison to nonsurgical controls. BLSF scaffolds represent a promising platform for the repair of tubular esophageal defects, however improvements in scaffold design are needed to reduce the rate of complications and improve the extent of constructive tissue remodeling. Impact statement The search for a superior "off-the-shelf" scaffold capable of repairing tubularesophageal defects as well as overcoming limitations associated with conventional autologous gastrointestinal segments remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of an acellular, bilayer silk fibroin graft (BLSF) for tubular esophagoplasty in a porcine model. Our results demonstrated that BLSF scaffolds supported the formation of tubular neotissues with innervated, vascularized epithelial and muscular components capable of contractile and relaxation responses. BLSF scaffolds represent a promising platform for esophageal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Gundogdu
- Departments of Urology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Duncan Morhardt
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivian Cristofaro
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Khalid Algarrahi
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuehui Yang
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kyle Costa
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cinthia Galvez Alegria
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maryrose P. Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua R. Mauney
- Departments of Urology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
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11
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Park H, Kim IG, Wu Y, Cho H, Shin J, Park SA, Chung E. Experimental investigation of esophageal reconstruction with electrospun polyurethane nanofiber and
3D
printing polycaprolactone scaffolds using a rat model. Head Neck 2020; 43:833-848. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.26540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaro Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head & Neck Surgery Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Changwon South Korea
| | - In Gul Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Yanru Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Inje University Gimhae, Gyeongnam South Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Jung‐Woog Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Inje University Gimhae, Gyeongnam South Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Department of Nature‐Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Jae Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
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12
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Farhat W, Chatelain F, Marret A, Faivre L, Arakelian L, Cattan P, Fuchs A. Trends in 3D bioprinting for esophageal tissue repair and reconstruction. Biomaterials 2020; 267:120465. [PMID: 33129189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In esophageal pathologies, such as esophageal atresia, cancers, caustic burns, or post-operative stenosis, esophageal replacement is performed by using parts of the gastrointestinal tract to restore nutritional autonomy. However, this surgical procedure most often does not lead to complete functional recovery and is instead associated with many complications resulting in a decrease in the quality of life and survival rate. Esophageal tissue engineering (ETE) aims at repairing the defective esophagus and is considered as a promising therapeutic alternative. Noteworthy progress has recently been made in the ETE research area but strong challenges remain to replicate the structural and functional integrity of the esophagus with the approaches currently being developed. Within this context, 3D bioprinting is emerging as a new technology to facilitate the patterning of both cellular and acellular bioinks into well-organized 3D functional structures. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in tissue engineering for esophageal reconstruction with a specific focus on 3D bioprinting approaches in ETE. Current biofabrication techniques and bioink features are highlighted, and these are discussed in view of the complexity of the native esophagus that the designed substitute needs to replace. Finally, perspectives on recent strategies for fabricating other tubular organ substitutes via 3D bioprinting are discussed briefly for their potential in ETE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Farhat
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - François Chatelain
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Auriane Marret
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Faivre
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lousineh Arakelian
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattan
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Fuchs
- Université de Paris, Inserm, U976 HIPI, F-75006, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Vellefaux, F-75010, Paris, France; CEA, IRIG, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
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13
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Whole Organ Engineering: Approaches, Challenges, and Future Directions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10124277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
End-stage organ failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. The only curative treatment option currently available for patients diagnosed with end-stage organ failure is organ transplantation. However, due to a critical shortage of organs, only a fraction of these patients are able to receive a viable organ transplantation. Those patients fortunate enough to receive a transplant must then be subjected to a lifelong regimen of immunosuppressant drugs. The concept of whole organ engineering offers a promising alternative to organ transplantation that overcomes these limitations. Organ engineering is a discipline that merges developmental biology, anatomy, physiology, and cellular interactions with enabling technologies such as advanced biomaterials and biofabrication to create bioartificial organs that recapitulate native organs in vivo. There have been numerous developments in bioengineering of whole organs over the past two decades. Key technological advancements include (1) methods of whole organ decellularization and recellularization, (2) three-dimensional bioprinting, (3) advanced stem cell technologies, and (4) the ability to genetically modify tissues and cells. These advancements give hope that organ engineering will become a commercial reality in the next decade. In this review article, we describe the foundational principles of whole organ engineering, discuss key technological advances, and provide an overview of current limitations and future directions.
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14
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Nam H, Jeong HJ, Jo Y, Lee JY, Ha DH, Kim JH, Chung JH, Cho YS, Cho DW, Lee SJ, Jang J. Multi-layered Free-form 3D Cell-printed Tubular Construct with Decellularized Inner and Outer Esophageal Tissue-derived Bioinks. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7255. [PMID: 32350326 PMCID: PMC7190629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidences of various esophageal diseases (e.g., congenital esophageal stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia, esophageal cancer) are increasing, but esophageal tissue is difficult to be recovered because of its weak regenerative capability. There are no commercialized off-the-shelf alternatives to current esophageal reconstruction and regeneration methods. Surgeons usually use ectopic conduit tissues including stomach and intestine, presumably inducing donor site morbidity and severe complications. To date, polymer-based esophageal substitutes have been studied as an alternative. However, the fabrication techniques are nearly limited to creating only cylindrical outer shapes with the help of additional apparatus (e.g., mandrels for electrospinning) and are unable to recapitulate multi-layered characteristic or complex-shaped inner architectures. 3D bioprinting is known as a suitable method to fabricate complex free-form tubular structures with desired pore characteristic. In this study, we developed a extrusion-based 3D printing technique to control the size and the shape of the pore in a single extrusion process, so that the fabricated structure has a higher flexibility than that fabricated in the conventional process. Based on this suggested technique, we developed a bioprinted 3D esophageal structure with multi-layered features and converged with biochemical microenvironmental cues of esophageal tissue by using decellularizedbioinks from mucosal and muscular layers of native esophageal tissues. The two types of esophageal tissue derived-decellularized extracellular matrix bioinks can mimic the inherent components and composition of original tissues with layer specificity. This structure can be applied to full-thickness circumferential esophageal defects and esophageal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoryung Nam
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonggwon Jo
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Heon Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Chung
- Department of Surgery, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jeong HJ, Nam H, Jang J, Lee SJ. 3D Bioprinting Strategies for the Regeneration of Functional Tubular Tissues and Organs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E32. [PMID: 32244491 PMCID: PMC7357036 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to fabricate tubular-shaped tissues and organs (e.g., trachea, blood vessel, and esophagus tissue) with traditional biofabrication techniques (e.g., electrospinning, cell-sheet engineering, and mold-casting) because these have complicated multiple processes. In addition, the tubular-shaped tissues and organs have their own design with target-specific mechanical and biological properties. Therefore, the customized geometrical and physiological environment is required as one of the most critical factors for functional tissue regeneration. 3D bioprinting technology has been receiving attention for the fabrication of patient-tailored and complex-shaped free-form architecture with high reproducibility and versatility. Printable biocomposite inks that can facilitate to build tissue constructs with polymeric frameworks and biochemical microenvironmental cues are also being actively developed for the reconstruction of functional tissue. In this review, we delineated the state-of-the-art of 3D bioprinting techniques specifically for tubular tissue and organ regeneration. In addition, this review described biocomposite inks, such as natural and synthetic polymers. Several described engineering approaches using 3D bioprinting techniques and biocomposite inks may offer beneficial characteristics for the physiological mimicry of human tubular tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Jin Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea;
| | - Hyoryung Nam
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea;
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea;
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea;
- Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea
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16
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Bauer M, Morales-Orcajo E, Klemm L, Seydewitz R, Fiebach V, Siebert T, Böl M. Biomechanical and microstructural characterisation of the porcine stomach wall: Location- and layer-dependent investigations. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:83-99. [PMID: 31760221 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of the stomach wall help to explain its function of storing, mixing, and emptying in health and disease. However, much remains unknown about its mechanical properties, especially regarding regional heterogeneities and wall microstructure. Consequently, the present study aimed to assess regional differences in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the stomach wall. In general, the stomach wall and the different tissue layers exhibited a nonlinear stress-stretch relationship. Regional differences were found in the mechanical response and the microstructure. The highest stresses of the entire stomach wall in longitudinal direction were found in the corpus (201.5 kPa), where food is ground followed by the antrum (73.1 kPa) and the fundus (26.6 kPa). In contrast, the maximum stresses in circumferential direction were 39.7 kPa, 26.2 kPa, and 15.7 kPa for the antrum, fundus, and corpus, respectively. Independent of the fibre orientation and with respect to the biaxial loading direction, partially clear anisotropic responses were detected in the intact wall and the muscular layer. In contrast, the innermost mucosal layer featured isotropic mechanical characteristics. Pronounced layers of circumferential and longitudinal muscle fibres were found in the fundus only, whereas corpus and antrum contained almost exclusively circumferential orientated muscle fibres. This specific stomach structure mirrors functional differences in the fundus as well as corpus and antrum. Within this study, the load transfer mechanisms, connected with these wavy layers but also in total with the stomach wall's microstructure, are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This article examines for the first time the layer-specific mechanical and histological properties of the stomach wall attending to the location of the sample. Moreover, both mechanical behaviour and microstructure were explicitly match identifying the heterogeneous characteristics of the stomach. On the one hand, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of stomach mechanics and thus to their functional understanding of stomach motility. On the other hand, they are relevant to the fields of constitutive formulation of stomach tissue, whole stomach mechanics, and stomach-derived scaffolds i.e., tissue-engineering grafts.
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17
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Levin D. Bench to Bedside: Approaches for Engineered Intestine, Esophagus, and Colon. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2019; 48:607-623. [PMID: 31668186 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The generation of tissue engineered organs from autologous cells will allow replacement of diseased or absent organs without the need for immunosuppression. Common steps of tissue engineering include isolation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, preparation of synthetic or biologic scaffold, and implantation into a host to support the proliferation of engineered tissue. Some organs have been successfully transplanted in human patients; gastrointestinal tract tissues are nearing clinical introduction. The state of the science has progressed rapidly and providers and researchers alike must take appropriate steps to ensure strict adherence to ethical standards before introduction to human therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Levin
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, 1300 Jefferson Park Avenue, PO BOX 800709, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709, USA.
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