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Zhang Y, Luo C, Huang P, Chen L, Ma Y, Ding H. Effects of chronic exposure to a high fat diet, nutritive or non-nutritive sweeteners on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and -gonadal (HPG) axes of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03427-6. [PMID: 38743096 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diet-related factors are of great significance in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to a high fat diet (HFD), fructose or sucralose on the endocrine functions. METHODS Male, Sprague-Dawley rats received a normal chow diet, HFD, 10% fructose or 0.02% sucralose for 10 weeks. Behavioral changes were assessed by open field (OFT) and elevated plus-maze (EPM) tests at week 8. H&E staining was used to observe pathological changes in adrenal cortex, testis and perirenal adipose tissue. Serum hormone concentrations were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression levels of genes along the HPA and HPG axes were determined using real-time PCR. RESULTS All types of dietary interventions increased body weight and disturbed metabolic homeostasis, with anxiogenic phenotype in behavioral tests and damage to cell morphology of adrenal cortex and testis being observed. Along the HPA axis, significantly increased corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) concentrations were observed in the HFD or 0.02% sucralose group. For HPG axis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and estradiol (E2) concentrations were significantly increased in all dietary intervention groups, while decreased concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) were also detected. Moreover, transcriptional profiles of genes involved in the synthesis of hormones and corresponding hormone receptors were significantly altered. CONCLUSION Long-term consumption of HFD, fructose or sucralose manifested deleterious effects on endocrine system and resulted in the dysregulation of HPA and HPG axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Chunyun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Puxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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Li Y, Lai Y, Geng T, Xia PF, Chen JX, Tu ZZ, Yang K, Liao YF, Liu G, Pan A. Association of Ultraprocessed Food Consumption with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300314. [PMID: 38639304 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Among patients with diabetes, who have modified nutritional behavior and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the influence of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) on CVD remains unknown. The study aims to evaluate the association between UPF intake and the risk of CVD among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and further examine the potential biological pathways linking the association. METHODS AND RESULTS This study includes 5405 participants with T2D who provided at least one 24-h dietary recall from the UK Biobank study. In the fully adjusted models, a 10% increase in the proportion of UPFs is associated with higher hazards of overall CVD (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 1.15), coronary heart disease (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.16), heart failure (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25), but not stroke (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.12). Cystatin C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A, C-reactive protein, and body mass index collectively explain 26.9% (12.8%, 48.5%) of the association between UPF intake and the risk of overall CVD. CONCLUSION Higher UPF intakes are associated with increased hazards of CVD among individuals with T2D, and the association is partly mediated through worsening biomarkers of renal function, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuwei Lai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou-Zheng Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kränkel N, Rauch-Kroehnert U. Artificial sweetener sucralose: a possible modulator of autoimmune diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:377. [PMID: 37779177 PMCID: PMC10543406 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Kränkel
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Campus Benjamin-Franklin (CBF), 12203, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer-Centre of Cardiovascular Prevention @ Charité, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Rauch-Kroehnert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Campus Benjamin-Franklin (CBF), 12203, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Friede Springer-Centre of Cardiovascular Prevention @ Charité, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Ni D, Chen Z, Tian Y, Xu W, Zhang W, Kim BG, Mu W. Comprehensive utilization of sucrose resources via chemical and biotechnological processes: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:107990. [PMID: 35640819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose, one of the most widespread disaccharides in nature, has been available in daily human life for many centuries. As an abundant and cheap sweetener, sucrose plays an essential role in our diet and the food industry. However, it has been determined that many diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc., directly relate to the overconsumption of sucrose. It arouses many explorations for the conversion of sucrose to high-value chemicals. Production of valuable substances from sucrose by chemical methods has been studied since a half-century ago. Compared to chemical processes, biotechnological conversion approaches of sucrose are more environmentally friendly. Many enzymes can use sucrose as the substrate to generate functional sugars, especially those from GH68, GH70, GH13, and GH32 families. In this review, enzymatic catalysis and whole-cell fermentation of sucrose for the production of valuable chemicals were reviewed. The multienzyme cascade catalysis and metabolic engineering strategies were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Zhang X, Gu J, Zhao C, Hu Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Lv H, Ji X, Wang S. Sweeteners Maintain Epithelial Barrier Function Through the miR-15b/RECK/MMP-9 Axis, Remodel Microbial Homeostasis, and Attenuate Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:171-183. [PMID: 34962394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-nutritive sweeteners are the most widely used food additives designed to provide sweetness and reduce caloric intake. Studies have confirmed a link between sweeteners and colitis, yet supporting scientific data remain exiguous and controversial. In this study, three common sweeteners (Saccharin sodium, Stevioside, and Sucralose) in acceptable daily intake dosage were added to water in order to determine their effects on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Our results show that the three sweeteners meliorate colitis to varying degrees─Saccharin exerts the most pronounced effect, followed by Stevioside and Sucralose. Intake of sweeteners alleviates colitis symptoms, alters gut microbiota, reshapes the TH17/Treg balance, protects the intestinal barrier, and reduces inflammation. Most significantly, sweeteners can enhance the abundance of Mucispirillum and Alistipes, which are conducive to colitis recovery, and upregulate the expression of E-cadherin through the miR-15b/RECK/MMP-9 axis to improve intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, by inhibiting the MMP-9/AKT/NF-κB pathway, inflammation is relieved, as reflected in the restoration of the Th17/Treg balance. Our results link the consumption of sweeteners to the remission of colitis, which provides new scientific evidence for the safe use of sweeteners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jiaxin Gu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Congying Zhao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yaozhong Hu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huan Lv
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xuemeng Ji
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Beliefs concerning non-nutritive sweeteners consumption in consumers, non-consumers, and health professionals: a comparative cross-sectional study. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:1086-1092. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.04046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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7
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Hafner E, Pravst I. The Sharp Rise in the Use of Low- and No-Calorie Sweeteners in Non-Alcoholic Beverages in Slovenia: An Update Based on 2020 Data. Front Nutr 2021; 8:778178. [PMID: 34869543 PMCID: PMC8640248 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.778178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing added sugars in non-alcoholic beverages is an important public health goal, which can result in increased use of low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS). The aim of this study was to investigate recent changes in the use of LNCS in non-alcoholic beverages in the Slovenian food supply. The national branded foods dataset was updated with beverages available in 2020, and compared with previous datasets. The data were extracted from food labels. In 2020, N = 1,650 unique beverages were found in shops from five different retailers, covering the majority of the national market. The use of LNCS increased from 13.2% in 2017 and 15.5% in 2019 to 20.2% in 2020, with a major growth in soft drinks (16.8, 19.6, and 26.7%, respectively). We observed a significant growth of beverages containing both LNCS and added sugar. Results were also consistent with sales data, which showed that increased offer of beverages with LNCS also resulted in similarly increased sales of such beverages. The average energy and total sugar content in non-alcoholic beverages decreased, which reflects both the higher percentage of beverages with LNCS, and also the reduction of the sugar content in beverages with only added sugar. Analyses of product-specific reformulation practices highlighted reduced sugar content in 16.8% of products, and in 3.6% with the use of LNCS. The most commonly used LNCS are acesulfame K, sucralose, and aspartame. Typically, combinations are used, however steviol glycosides, sucralose and saccharin are also used alone, in most cases combined with added sugar. The results indicated rapid changes in the use of LNCS in non-alcoholic beverages in the Slovenian food supply, making further monitoring of this area highly relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvina Hafner
- Nutrition Institute, Nutrition and Public Health Research Group, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Pravst
- Nutrition Institute, Nutrition and Public Health Research Group, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,VIST-Higher School of Applied Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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8
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Isibor PO, Akinduti PA, Aworunse OS, Oyewale JO, Oshamika O, Ugboko HU, Taiwo OS, Ahuekwe EF, Obafemi YD, Onibokun EA, Oziegbe O, Oniha MI, Olopade BK, Atolagbe OM, Adekeye BT, Ajiboye IB, Bello OA, Popoola JO, Ayanda OI, Akinnola OO, Olasehinde GI, Eni AO, Nwinyi OC, Omonhinmin CA, Oranusi SU, Obembe OO. Significance of African Diets in Biotherapeutic Modulation of the Gut Microbiome. Bioinform Biol Insights 2021; 15:11779322211012697. [PMID: 33994782 PMCID: PMC8107938 DOI: 10.1177/11779322211012697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays an essential role in human development and growth, contributing to health and well-being. The socio-economic values, cultural perspectives, and dietary formulation in sub-Saharan Africa can influence gut health and disease prevention. The vast microbial ecosystems in the human gut frequently interrelate to maintain a healthy, well-coordinated cellular and humoral immune signalling to prevent metabolic dysfunction, pathogen dominance, and induction of systemic diseases. The diverse indigenous diets could differentially act as biotherapeutics to modulate microbial abundance and population characteristics. Such modulation could prevent stunted growth, malnutrition, induction of bowel diseases, attenuated immune responses, and mortality, particularly among infants. Understanding the associations between specific indigenous African diets and the predictability of the dynamics of gut bacteria genera promises potential biotherapeutics towards improving the prevention, control, and treatment of microbiome-associated diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The dietary influence of many African diets (especially grain-base such as millet, maize, brown rice, sorghum, soya, and tapioca) promotes gut lining integrity, immune tolerance towards the microbiota, and its associated immune and inflammatory responses. A fibre-rich diet is a promising biotherapeutic candidate that could effectively modulate inflammatory mediators' expression associated with immune cell migration, lymphoid tissue maturation, and signalling pathways. It could also modulate the stimulation of cytokines and chemokines involved in ensuring balance for long-term microbiome programming. The interplay between host and gut microbial digestion is complex; microbes using and competing for dietary and endogenous proteins are often attributable to variances in the comparative abundances of Enterobacteriaceae taxa. Many auto-inducers could initiate the process of quorum sensing and mammalian epinephrine host cell signalling system. It could also downregulate inflammatory signals with microbiota tumour taxa that could trigger colorectal cancer initiation, metabolic type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The exploitation of essential biotherapeutic molecules derived from fibre-rich indigenous diet promises food substances for the downregulation of inflammatory signalling that could be harmful to gut microbiota ecological balance and improved immune response modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- PO Isibor
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - PA Akinduti
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OS Aworunse
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - JO Oyewale
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - O Oshamika
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - HU Ugboko
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OS Taiwo
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - EF Ahuekwe
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - YD Obafemi
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - EA Onibokun
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - O Oziegbe
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - MI Oniha
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - BK Olopade
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OM Atolagbe
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - BT Adekeye
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - IB Ajiboye
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OA Bello
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - JO Popoola
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OI Ayanda
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OO Akinnola
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - GI Olasehinde
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - AO Eni
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OC Nwinyi
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - CA Omonhinmin
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - SU Oranusi
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - OO Obembe
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of
Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
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