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Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Sun L, Hu B, Chen G, Zhang D, Liang C, Lei J, Wang P, Tao F, Yang L. The Association Between Essential Metal Element Mixture and Sleep Quality in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:900-912. [PMID: 37340210 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have related single essential metal elements (EMEs) to sleep quality among older adults, however, the association of the EME mixture with sleep quality remained poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between single EMEs and the EME mixture and sleep quality in older adults living in Chinese communities. This study consisted of 3957 older adults aged 60 years or over. Urinary concentrations of cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The associations of single EMEs and EME mixture with sleep quality were assessed using logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models, respectively. Adjusted single-element logistic regression models showed that Mo (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.867-0.990), Sr (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.864-0.994), and Mg (OR = 0.934, 95%CI:0.873-0.997) were negatively related to poor sleep quality. BKMR models exhibited similar results. Also, higher levels of the EME mixture in urine were inversely related to the odds of poor sleep quality after adjustment for covariates, and Mo had the largest conditional posterior inclusion probability (condPIP) value in the mixture. Mo, Sr, and Mg were negatively related to poor sleep quality, separately and as the mixture. The EME mixture in urine was associated with decreased odds of poor sleep quality in older adults, and Mo was the greatest contributor within the mixture. Additional cohort research is warranted to clarify the relationship of multiple EMEs with sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Junzhe Li
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jingyuan Lei
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Paquet F, Leggett RW, Blanchardon E, Bailey MR, Gregoratto D, Smith T, Ratia G, Davesne E, Berkovski V, Harrison JD. Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 5. Ann ICRP 2022; 51:11-415. [PMID: 35414227 DOI: 10.1177/01466453211028755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cheng BJ, Wang J, Meng XL, Sun L, Hu B, Li HB, Sheng J, Chen GM, Tao FB, Sun YH, Yang LS. The association between essential trace element mixture and cognitive function in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113182. [PMID: 35026581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence about the effect of essential trace element (ETE) mixture on cognitive function amongst older adults is limited. This study aims to evaluate the associations of single ETEs and ETE mixture with cognitive function using a representative sample of community-dwelling older adults in China. METHODS A total of 3814 older adults were included in the study. Urinary concentrations of selenium (Se), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co), strontium (Sr), and molybdenum (Mo) were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cognitive function in older adults was assessed using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were performed to explore the associations of single ETEs and ETE mixture with cognitive function, respectively. RESULTS Linear regression showed that urinary levels of Se and V were positively associated with MMSE scores in the adjusted single-element models. BKMR also showed marginally positive associations of Se and V with MMSE scores. Moreover, higher urinary levels of ETE mixture were significantly associated with increased MMSE scores in a dose-response pattern, and Se was the most important contributor within the mixture. Both Se and V demonstrated positive additive effects on the associations of other ETEs with MMSE scores, whereas Co had a negative additive effect. CONCLUSIONS V and Se are positively associated with cognitive function, individually and as a mixture. ETE mixture exhibits a linear dose-response association with improved cognitive function, with Se being the most important component within the mixture. Mixture analyses rather than single ETE analyses may provide a real-world perspective on the relationship between ETE mixture and cognitive function. Further cohort studies are needed to clarify the association of multiple ETEs with cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Jing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiang-Long Meng
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Huai-Biao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- School of Public Health, Experimental Center for Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Gui-Mei Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ye-Huan Sun
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Lin-Sheng Yang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Dainty JR. Use of stable isotopes and mathematical modelling to investigate human mineral metabolism. Nutr Res Rev 2012; 14:295-316. [PMID: 19087428 DOI: 10.1079/nrr200124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Individuals have varying needs for minerals that are dependent, amongst other things, on their lifestyle, age and genetic makeup. Knowledge of exact individual nutritional requirements should lead to better health, increased quality of life and reduced need for expensive medical care. Bioavailability, nutrient-gene interactions and whole-body metabolism all need to be investigated further if we are to progress towards the goal of defining optimal health and nutritional status. The discussion which follows will critically review the latest developments in the area of metabolism for several of the minerals that are essential for human health: Ca, Zn, Cu and Se. Stable-isotope tracers and mathematical modelling are some of the tools being used to facilitate the greater understanding in uptake, utilisation and excretion of these minerals. Stable isotopes, administered in physiological doses, present little or no risk to volunteers and allow metabolic studies to be carried out in vulnerable population groups such as children and pregnant women. Intrinsic labelling of foodstuffs ensures that the tracer and the native mineral will behave similarly once inside the body. Advances in computing power and software dedicated to solving nutritional problems have made it possible for investigators to use mathematical modelling in their experimental work. Mineral metabolism is ideally suited to a form of modelling known as compartmental analysis, which allows rates of mineral transferand sizes of mineral stores to be calculated accurately without the need for invasive sampling of body tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Dainty
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
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Gabler S, Kirchgessner M, Windisch W. Isotope-dilution technique for determination of endogenous faecal excretion and true absorption of selenium in 75Se labeled rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.1997.tb00851.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wilson DS, Zhang P, He R, Ota R, Omaye ST. Kinetics of selenium incorporation into tissues of female mallard ducks. Toxicology 1997; 122:51-60. [PMID: 9274801 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is essential for both mammalian and avian species, although its metabolism in birds has been less thoroughly studied. Little information has been available on the kinetics of selenium in birds, especially as it relates to the teratogenicity seen in waterfowl consuming excessive amounts. This study describes the pharmacokinetics of small amounts of 75Se as selenious acid injected into female mallard ducks. Labeled selenium was injected into a wing vein of restrained animals and tissues taken at five different time points up to 24 h post-injection. Selenium levels as percent of injected dose were determined in liver, kidney, heart, lung, adrenals, thyroid, spleen, pancreas, ovaries, intestine, muscle and plasma. Estimates of kinetic parameters (uptake and elimination rates, time of maximum concentration and maximum concentration) were obtained with a non-linear kinetics computer program (PCNONLIN, SCI Software, Lexington, KY). Results showed four basic patterns of distribution, uptake and elimination. Visceral tissues exhibited a triphasic pattern with a rapid rise, a decline followed by a distinctive increase in levels between the last two time points. Brain uptake was continuous over the 24 h. Plasma rose rapidly and then declined to a constant level. The ovaries as a tissue of interest relating to the teratogenic effects of selenium showed the greatest relative increase at 24 h, suggesting kinetic mechanisms consistent with a pathway that might lead to accumulation of toxic levels and teratogenic effects during embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Wilson
- Department of Nutrition/142, University of Nevada, Reno 89557-0132, USA
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8
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Ducros V, Faure P, Ferry M, Couzy F, Biajoux I, Favier A. The sizes of the exchangeable pools of selenium in elderly women and their relation to institutionalization. Br J Nutr 1997; 78:379-96. [PMID: 9306881 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19970158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exchangeable pools of Se after an intravenous injection of 74Se-enriched isotope as sodium selenite were measured in two groups (n 9) of elderly women (free-living aged 64-82 years and institutionalized aged 68-82 years), and a comparison group (n 9) of young women aged 31-40 years to evaluate the effect of age and institutionalization on Se reserves. Dietary Se intake was not different among the three groups. Plasma Se and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) levels were significantly lower in the institutionalized elderly women (P < 0.05). In each of the three groups, two pools were determined from our model. The size of the first pool and the sum of the two pools were lower in the group of institutionalized elderly women than in the other two groups. The significant correlation between plasma Se level and total Se pool size (r 0.66, P < 0.01) indicated that this last variable could serve as a new marker of Se status. Finally, these data suggest that the Se status of elderly women is more related to lifestyle, in terms of institutionalization or not, than to age per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ducros
- Laboratoire de Biochimie C, Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble, France
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9
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Fairweather-Tait SJ, Jackson MJ, Fox TE, Wharf SG, Eagles J, Croghan PC. The measurement of exchangeable pools of zinc using the stable isotope 70Zn. Br J Nutr 1993; 70:221-34. [PMID: 8399104 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19930119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the feasibility of using small doses of a stable isotope of Zn to follow plasma kinetics over a 10 d period and, hence, make deductions about Zn turnover and body pool sizes. At the beginning of the 10 d metabolic balance, two adults, consuming their habitual diet, were given an intravenous injection of 70Zn. There was a fourfold difference in the administered dose between the two subjects (0.445 and 2.078 mg). Blood samples were taken at regular intervals and plasma enrichment with 70Zn measured by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Urine and faeces were collected and analysed for Zn and 70Zn. Kinetic analysis of the plasma 70Zn decay by several different methods was undertaken. It was apparent from both deconvolution analysis of the short-term (0-90 min) decay data and four-compartment modelling of the longer-term (0-24 h) data that isotopic Zn very rapidly equilibrates with the plasma Zn and with a rapidly exchanging non-plasma pool, probably located within the liver. This latter pool appears to contain less than 10 mg Zn and the peak of isotope enrichment occurs at about 20 min post injection. The later decay of plasma Zn enrichment appears to be dictated by exchange with a much larger pool of approximate size 350 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Fairweather-Tait
- AFRC Institute of Food Research, Norwich Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Colney
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10
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Willhite CC, Ferm VH, Zeise L. Route-dependent pharmacokinetics, distribution, and placental permeability of organic and inorganic selenium in hamsters. TERATOLOGY 1990; 42:359-71. [PMID: 2256000 DOI: 10.1002/tera.1420420405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic selenium (Se) salts (selenite and selenate oxyanions) and the organic selenoamino acids (selenomethionine and seleniferous grains) are teratogenic and embryolethal in domestic and wild birds. Selenium bioaccumulation has been held responsible for reproductive failure among waterfowl at the Kesterson Reservoir (California), the Ouray and Stewart Lake Wildlife Refuges (Utah), and the Carson Sink (Nevada). Anecdotal field and controlled laboratory reports have implicated Se exposure in mammalian embryotoxicity (including human), but developmental toxicity studies in hamsters failed to demonstrate an adverse response, except at maternally toxic doses (Ferm et al., Reprod. Toxicol., in press). Uptake, distribution, and elimination of Se after a single bolus equimolar dose (60 mumol/kg) of selenate or selenomethionine by oral or intravenous administration were compared using day 8 pregnant hamsters. Intravenous selenate was eliminated ten times more rapidly from maternal plasma than oral selenate, but concentrated in liver, kidney, and placenta to the same degree. Intravenous (iv) L-selenomethionine achieved lower maximum circulating total [Se], but it was eliminated more slowly than iv selenate. Larger areas under the plasma and peripheral tissue [Se]:time curve (AUC) after oral or parenteral selenomethionine than after equimolar selenate were consistent with previous studies in rodents and in humans. Embryonic [Se] plateaued at 3 nmol/g after selenate, but embryonic [Se] after selenomethionine continued to accumulate (80 nmol/g) as gestation progressed. The lack of a teratogenic response in hamsters at doses of either selenate or selenomethionine less than those associated with maternal intoxication cannot be attributed to lack of Se accumulation in early embryonic and placental tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Willhite
- Department of Health Services, State of California, Berkeley 94704
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11
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Casaril M, Stanzial AM, Gabrielli GB, Capra F, Zenari L, Galassini S, Moschini G, Liu NQ, Corrocher R. Serum selenium in liver cirrhosis: correlation with markers of fibrosis. Clin Chim Acta 1989; 182:221-7. [PMID: 2776352 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(89)90080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In 55 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 47 healthy individuals we assayed the concentration of selenium in serum (S-Se) by proton induced X-ray emission, the aminoterminal peptide of type III procollagen (NPIIIP) by RIA and the plasma fibronectin (FN) by immuno-nephelometry, together with routine biochemical tests. S-Se was lower in cirrhosis than in controls (0.57, SD 0.20 vs 0.92, SD 0.16 mumol/l; p less than 0.001) and was more reduced in ascitic than in compensated patients (0.50, SD 0.19 vs 0.66, SD 0.17 mumol/l; p less than 0.001). Regression analysis showed a positive correlation of S-Se with serum albumin and FN, whereas necrotic or inflammatory activity seems unrelated to S-Se; a negative correlation was found between S-Se and NPIIIP, suggesting a protective role of selenium against fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Casaril
- Istituto di Patologia Medica, University of Verona, Italy
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12
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Martin RF, Janghorbani M, Young VR. Kinetics of a single administration of 74Se-selenite by oral and intravenous routes in adult humans. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1988; 12:351-5. [PMID: 3138443 DOI: 10.1177/0148607188012004351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the fate of a single dose of labeled selenium as determined by its route of administration. Thus, the appearance of a stable isotope of selenium, administered as 74-Se-selenite, was measured in plasma, urine, and feces, with neutron activation analysis, following a 81.7 micrograms dose of 74Se-selenite given either intravenously or orally in two groups (n = 4) of healthy, young adult men, who were otherwise maintained on a diet providing a constant and adequate selenium intake. From these isotopic data, measurable parameters of urine excretion, total body retention and selenite-exchangeable metabolic pool (Se-EMP) were defined to provide a quantitative assessment of selenium metabolism in these subjects. The initial 24-hr urine excretion of the label was higher for the intravenously administered label (18.2 +/- 2.1% of dose) compared to the oral dose (11.7 +/- 2.6% absorbed dose). Thereafter, the excretion of isotope was the same for both groups. For equivalent entry of Se into the body, measured total body retention and Se-EMP were the same for both groups. These initial kinetic data suggest that the overall utilization of selenium from a single administration of selenite is comparable for the two routes of intake and that the host's selenium requirement can probably be met adequately via the intravenous administration of selenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Martin
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
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Naidu S, Maumanee I, Olson J, Borel J, Moser H. Selenium treatment in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. SUPPLEMENT 1988; 5:283-9. [PMID: 3146327 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320310631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) refers to a group of disorders with devastating effects on the central nervous system. The accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigments containing lipid peroxides is considered a pathogenetic mechanism of the cell damage seen in NCL. Therapy aimed at preventing further lipid peroxidation, such as the Zeman regimen, did not slow progression of the disease. Therefore, Santavuori and Westermarck [Santavuori and Westermarck 1984] introduced treatment with a combination of selenium and vitamin E and reported favorable results with few side effects. We present information on the rationale for the use of selenium, recommendations on the daily intake, and reported side effects. However, our limited experience with selenium in this disorder does not permit conclusions. Additionally, careful studies are indicated before this treatment is dispensed routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Naidu
- Kennedy Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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14
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Foote JW, Hinks LJ, Lloyd B. Reduced plasma and white blood cell selenium levels in haemodialysis patients. Clin Chim Acta 1987; 164:323-8. [PMID: 3594919 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(87)90307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium concentrations have been measured in plasma and in blood leucocytes from 29 haemodialysis patients and from 25 healthy men. The selenium contents of the plasma and white blood cells of the dialysis patients were significantly reduced (p less than 0.001). Selenium deficiency in humans results in a congestive cardiomyopathy and is associated with increased risks of accelerated atherosclerosis and cancer. Each of these is found with abnormal frequency in haemodialysis patients.
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Abstract
Selenium is undoubtedly an essential trace element: its involvement in GPx structure, the presence of deleterious effects of selenium deficiency in animals, and the recognition of deficiency states in man attest to its importance. However, if the consequences of selenium deficiency in man are now widely recognized, the mechanisms underlying these conditions are poorly understood. The definition of the exact role of selenium in human homeostasis has been hampered by the lack of a sensitive parameter, usable in routine investigation, to assess selenium status. Measurements of plasma and urinary levels, although useful in clinical practice, are inadequate indicators. The only true evidence of selenium deficiency lies in a positive response to selenium therapy. Deficiency states have been demonstrated for inhabitants of regions where selenium supply is limited, in protein-energy malnutrition, and in patients maintained on total parenteral nutrition without selenium supplementation. The benefit of selenium supplementation, together with other antioxidant drugs, in non-deficient subjects is still a matter of debate; its protective effect in neoplastic, cardiovascular and neurological degenerative diseases is not yet proven.
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Pleban PA, Numerof BS, Wirth FH. Trace element metabolism in the fetus and neonate. CLINICS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 1985; 14:545-66. [PMID: 3933864 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-595x(85)80006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of trace metal nutrition on the fetus and neonate have been described. Since very little research has been done with the human fetus and neonate, much of our knowledge must be extrapolated from animal studies. In addition, most of the work centres around the effects of copper and zinc nutrition. Nutritional requirements (when known) for both enteral and total parenteral feeding of certain trace metals, as well as the bioavailability, have been discussed. Finally, methods of assessment of trace metal nutritional status have been discussed. These include direct measurement of metal concentrations and determination of biochemical indicators, such as metal-dependent enzyme activities--both of which are static indicators of nutritional status, and functional assessment of nutritional status which is a dynamic measure of trace metal nutrition and includes tests measuring the effects of metal nutrition on the function of cells, tissues, organs, and the host in general.
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