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Zhao Q, Chen Y, Huang W, Zhou H, Zhang W. Drug-microbiota interactions: an emerging priority for precision medicine. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:386. [PMID: 37806986 PMCID: PMC10560686 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual variability in drug response (IVDR) can be a major cause of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and prolonged therapy, resulting in a substantial health and economic burden. Despite extensive research in pharmacogenomics regarding the impact of individual genetic background on pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), genetic diversity explains only a limited proportion of IVDR. The role of gut microbiota, also known as the second genome, and its metabolites in modulating therapeutic outcomes in human diseases have been highlighted by recent studies. Consequently, the burgeoning field of pharmacomicrobiomics aims to explore the correlation between microbiota variation and IVDR or ADRs. This review presents an up-to-date overview of the intricate interactions between gut microbiota and classical therapeutic agents for human systemic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), endocrine diseases, and others. We summarise how microbiota, directly and indirectly, modify the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. Conversely, drugs can also modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota, leading to changes in microbial metabolism and immune response. We also discuss the practical challenges, strategies, and opportunities in this field, emphasizing the critical need to develop an innovative approach to multi-omics, integrate various data types, including human and microbiota genomic data, as well as translate lab data into clinical practice. To sum up, pharmacomicrobiomics represents a promising avenue to address IVDR and improve patient outcomes, and further research in this field is imperative to unlock its full potential for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, PR China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
- Central Laboratory of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, PR China.
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Mori S, Aoki T, Sakuraoka Y, Shimizu T, Yamaguchi T, Park KH, Matsumoto T, Shiraki T, Iso Y, Kubota K. Impact of adverse events of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapies on outcomes of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:109-120. [PMID: 33825991 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, the number of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who have received both neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) has been increasing. However, whether adverse events (AEs) during AC influence the prognosis of patients with resected PDAC who do or do not receive NAC remains uncertain. METHODS Patients with PDAC who underwent a pancreatectomy between 2011 and 2019 were divided into two groups: an upfront surgery (UFS) group (n = 72), and an NAC group (n = 77). Patients who received AC were then divided into two groups: an AE grade 0/1/2 group (AE-G-0/1/2) and an AE grade 3/4 group (AE-G-3/4). The relationship between AEs and patient outcome and predictors of AE-G-3/4 were investigated. RESULTS AC was used in 54 and 65 patients in the UFS and NAC groups, respectively. In the NAC group, the relative dose intensity (RDI) and AC completion rate as well as the overall survival rate of patients with AE-G-3/4 (n = 15) during AC were significantly worse than those of patients with AE-G-0/1/2 (n = 50). However, similar differences were not observed in the UFS group. A multivariate analysis revealed that AE-G-3/4 during NAC, AC agent (gemcitabine), an albumin level < 3.5 g/dL, and an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 before the initiation of AC were independent predictors of AE-G-3/4 during AC. CONCLUSIONS AE-G-3/4 during AC was associated with a lower RDI and AC completion rate and a worse outcome among patients with PDAC who had received NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shozo Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Taku Aoki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yuhki Sakuraoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takamune Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Kyung-Hwa Park
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shiraki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Iso
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
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Saito Y, Takekuma Y, Kobayashi M, Komatsu Y, Sugawara M. Detection of risk factors related to administration suspension and severe neutropenia in gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel treatment. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:3277-3285. [PMID: 33104920 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The combination of gemcitabine (GEM) and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is an effective chemotherapeutic regimen for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer. The dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of this treatment are sepsis and neutropenia, while the relative dose intensity (RDI) of GEM is approximately 75% and of nab-PTX is 70-80%. In this study, we evaluated the risk factor(s) regarding treatment suspension, which leads to reduction in the RDI of these agents, enabling appropriate schedule management. METHODS Two hundred patients with pancreatic cancer who received GEM + nab-PTX were retrospectively investigated. Frequency and risk factor(s) of suspension of the treatment and grade 3/4 neutropenia in the first course were evaluated. RESULTS The frequency of treatment suspension in the first course was 61%. The frequency of grade 3/4 neutropenia was 51%, while that of thrombocytopenia was 7.5%. The RDI was 78.0% for GEM and 77.7% for nab-PTX. Univariate and multivariate analyses to identify risk or preventive factors related to treatment suspension suggested that low platelet count at baseline was a risk factor, whereas dose reduction from the treatment initiation was a preventive factor. The most common cause of abeyance was grade 3/4 neutropenia (83.6%), the risk factors of which were low platelet count and age ≥ 65 years at baseline, while dose reduction was a preventive factor. CONCLUSION We found that a low platelet level at baseline was a risk factor, whereas dose reduction from initiation was a preventive factor in regard to treatment suspension and severe neutropenia occurrence in GEM + nab-PTX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Saito
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-jo, Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Yoh Takekuma
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-jo, Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yoshito Komatsu
- Cancer Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-jo, Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sugawara
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-jo, Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan. .,Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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Takahashi N, Sunaga T, Fujimiya T, Kurihara T, Nagatani A, Yamagishi M, Watanabe T, Sasaki H, Ogawa Y, Sasaki T. Risk Associated with Severe Hematological Toxicity in Patients with Urothelial Cancer Receiving Combination Chemotherapy of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin. Chemotherapy 2020; 65:29-34. [PMID: 32668429 DOI: 10.1159/000508805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) is the standard treatment for patients with urothelial cancer (UC). However, hematological toxicity is a major side effect of GC therapy in patients with UC. In particular, discontinuation of the GC therapy is associated to adverse events such as hematological toxicity. Some studies have reported general risk factors of hematological toxicity such as age. However, little is known about risk factors for GC therapy-associated hematological toxicity in patients with UC. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify risk factors for hematological toxicity in patients with UC receiving GC therapy. METHODS We performed a retrospective evaluation of the data of 128 patients with UC who received GC therapy. The study end point was defined as the occurrence of grade 4 neutropenia and grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors that were significantly associated with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. RESULTS In total, 62 (48.4%) patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia, and 27 (21.1%) patients experienced grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia. In the multivariate analysis, performance status (PS) ≥1 (odds ratio [OR] 3.764, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.410-10.047, p = 0.008) and neutrophil count (OR 0.648, 95% CI 0.468-0.898, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with grade 4 neutropenia. Platelet count (PLT) (OR 0.896, 95% CI 0.832-0.966, p = 0.004) and potassium (K) level (OR 6.966, 95% CI 1.313-36.989, p = 0.023) were also significantly associated with grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSIONS PS ≥ 1, neutrophil count, PLT, and K level were important risk factors for GC therapy-induced hematological toxicity in patients with UC. To continue GC therapy, further management systems by hematological toxicity risk factors for patients with UC will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Takahashi
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomiko Sunaga
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan, .,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan,
| | - Tatsuhiro Fujimiya
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kurihara
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Nagatani
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoki Yamagishi
- Division of Urology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Watanabe
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Haruaki Sasaki
- Division of Urology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ogawa
- Division of Urology, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadanori Sasaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Perlík F. Impact of smoking on metabolic changes and effectiveness of drugs used for lung cancer. Cent Eur J Public Health 2020; 28:53-58. [PMID: 32228818 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- František Perlík
- Department of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Tobacco smoking accounts for at least 30% of all cancer deaths and nearly 90% of lung cancer deaths. Smoking cessation significantly reduces the risk of developing tobacco-related malignancies. Smoking after cancer diagnosis is also associated with multiple risks, including worse tolerance of treatment, higher risk of a failure and second primary tumors, and poorer quality of life. Apart from disease site and stage, continued smoking is considered the strongest adverse predictor of survival in cancer patients. However, the benefits of smoking cessation are undervalued: many patients are not aware of harms related to continued tobacco use after cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, health care professionals often do not encourage their patients to quit, and do not provide tobacco cessation assistance for continuing tobacco users. Despite the apparent impact of tobacco use on treatment outcomes, data on current smoking status is only rarely captured in clinical trials This article reviews the most important clinical aspects of smoking after the diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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7
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Goto K, Matsuyama R, Suwa Y, Arisaka S, Kadokura T, Sato M, Mori R, Kumamoto T, Taguri M, Endo I. The maximum chemiluminescence intensity predicts severe neutropenia in gemcitabine-treated patients with pancreatic or biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 82:953-960. [PMID: 30218151 PMCID: PMC6267671 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the predictive ability of the maximum chemiluminescence intensity (CImax) for severe neutropenia (SN) during neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy [NAC(RT)] in patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer. METHODS Clinicopathological variables and blood test data before NAC(RT) were evaluated in 64 patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer who received gemcitabine plus tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil as NAC(RT). RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (60.9%) developed Grade 3-4 SN. The median time between commencing NAC(RT) and the onset of SN was 15 (range 10-36) days. SN occurred during the NAC period, not the RT period. The CImax, neutrophil count, serum interleukin-6 level, C-reactive protein level, complement C3 titer, serum complement titer, and 50.0% hemolytic unit of complement before NAC(RT) were significantly lower in patients with SN than in those without SN (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed the CImax to be the sole independent predictor of SN (P < 0.05). The optimal threshold for the CImax was 46,000 RLU/s. The sensitivity and specificity were 46.2% and 80.0%, respectively. Majority of the patients (81.8%) with a low CImax before NAC(RT) experienced SN during NAC(RT). CONCLUSIONS CImax before NAC(RT) predicts SN during NAC(RT) in patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Goto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ryusei Matsuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sayaka Arisaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kadokura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mari Sato
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kumamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masataka Taguri
- Department of Biostastics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
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Gonseth S, de Smith AJ, Roy R, Zhou M, Lee ST, Shao X, Ohja J, Wrensch MR, Walsh KM, Metayer C, Wiemels JL. Genetic contribution to variation in DNA methylation at maternal smoking-sensitive loci in exposed neonates. Epigenetics 2016; 11:664-673. [PMID: 27403598 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1209614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenome-wide DNA methylation association studies have identified highly replicable genomic loci sensitive to maternal smoking during gestation. The role of inter-individual genetic variation in influencing DNA methylation, leading to the possibility of confounding or bias of such associations, has not been assessed. We investigated whether the DNA methylation levels at the top 10 CpG sites previously associated with exposure to maternal smoking during gestation were associated with individual genetic variation at the genome-wide level. Genome-wide association tests between DNA methylation at the top 10 candidate CpG and genome-wide SNPs were performed in 736 case and control participants of the California Childhood Leukemia Study. Three of the strongest maternal-smoking sensitive CpG sites in newborns were significantly associated with SNPs located proximal to each gene: cg18146737 in the GFI1 gene with rs141819830 (P = 8.2×10-44), cg05575921 in the AHRR gene with rs148405299 (P = 5.3×10-10), and cg12803068 in the MYO1G gene with rs61087368 (P = 1.3×10-18). For the GFI1 CpG cg18146737, the underlying genetic variation at rs141819830 confounded the association between maternal smoking and DNA methylation in our data (the regression coefficient changed from -0.02 [P = 0.139] to -0.03 [P = 0.015] after including the genotype). Our results suggest that further studies using DNA methylation at cg18146737, cg05575921, or cg12803068 that aim to assess exposure to maternal smoking during gestation should include genotype at the corresponding SNP. New methods are required for adequate and routine inclusion of genotypic influence on DNA methylation in epigenome-wide association studies to control for potential confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semira Gonseth
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Adam J de Smith
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Ritu Roy
- d Computational Biology Core, HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Mi Zhou
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,e Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Seung-Tae Lee
- f Department of Laboratory Medicine , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaorong Shao
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,g Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab , Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Juhi Ohja
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,h Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- i Department of Neurological Surgery , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,j Department of Neurological Surgery , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Catherine Metayer
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,k School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- b The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA.,l Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking may affect pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents and hemodynamics of the smokers, thereby influencing adverse events and efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). The aim of this study was to clarify how smoking totally affected patients with PC receiving current chemotherapy. METHODS We evaluated the impact of smoking status on the performance of chemotherapy and survival in 262 patients with PC including 158 resectable and 104 unresectable PC. RESULTS There were more male and younger patients in current smokers than in nonsmokers. In unresectable PC, current smokers had more metastatic tumors than locally advanced tumors compared with nonsmokers. In current smokers receiving chemotherapy, the baseline white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in current smokers than in nonsmokers. Furthermore, grades 3 to 4 neutropenia was observed more often in nonsmokers than smokers. On the other hand, the performance and efficacy of the planned adjuvant chemotherapy were similar between smokers and nonsmokers. More importantly, there was no significant difference in overall prognosis between smokers and nonsmokers receiving chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Smoking status has no significant impact on the efficacy of current chemotherapy for both resectable and unresectable PC.
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10
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Effects of cigarette smoking on metabolism and effectiveness of systemic therapy for lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 9:917-926. [PMID: 24926542 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoke associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can induce key drug-metabolizing enzymes of cytochrome P450 and isoforms of the glucuronyl transferases families. These enzymes metabolize several systemic therapies for lung cancer. Induction of these enzymes may lead to accelerated clearance with resultant impact on systemic therapy efficacy and toxicity in smokers compared with nonsmokers. This article reviews published literature regarding the influence of smoking as it relates to alteration of metabolism of systemic therapy in lung cancer. METHODS A structured search of the National Library of Medicine's PubMed/MEDLINE identified relevant articles. Data were abstracted and analyzed to summarize the findings. RESULTS Studies that analyzed pharmacokinetic data were prospective. Smokers receiving erlotinib exhibited rapid clearance, requiring a higher dose to reach equivalent systemic exposure compared with nonsmokers. Smokers receiving irinotecan also demonstrated increased clearance and lower systemic exposure. There was no difference in clearance of paclitaxel or docetaxel in smokers. Chemotherapy-associated neutropenia was worse in nonsmokers compared with smokers in patients treated with paclitaxel, docetaxel, irinotecan, and gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS Systemic therapy for lung cancer has a narrow therapeutic index such that small changes in plasma concentrations or exposure in smokers may result in suboptimal therapy and poor outcomes. Smoking cessation must be emphasized at each clinical visit. However, prospective trials should take into consideration the effects of smoking history on drug pharmacokinetics and efficacy. The metabolizing enzyme phenotype in smokers may require individualized dose algorithms for specific agents.
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11
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Nakai Y, Isayama H, Sasaki T, Takahara N, Saito K, Ishigaki K, Hamada T, Mizuno S, Miyabayashi K, Yamamoto K, Mohri D, Kogure H, Yamamoto N, Ijichi H, Tateishi K, Tada M, Koike K. The inhibition of renin-angiotensin system in advanced pancreatic cancer: an exploratory analysis in 349 patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:933-9. [PMID: 25398651 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as a target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer has been increasingly reported, but the addition of candesartan, one of angiotensin system inhibitors (ASIs), to gemcitabine in our prospective trial failed to demonstrate activity against pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to explore subgroups that would benefit from the inhibition of RAS by the use of ASIs. METHODS Consecutive patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were retrospectively studied. Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated by a Cox proportional hazards model. Interactions between the use of ASIs and each subgroup were tested. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2013, 349 patients received gemcitabine-based chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer; 232 were metastatic, 210 received gemcitabine monotherapy, 108 took ASIs, 166 were never smokers and 188 were diabetic. The median PFS and OS were 4.9 and 11.2 months, respectively. When the effects of the use of ASIs were evaluated by a Cox proportional hazard model, there were two subgroups with P interaction <0.10 both in PFS and OS: never smokers and gemcitabine monotherapy. HRs for PFS and OS by the inhibition of RAS were 0.71 (P = 0.021) and 0.68 (P = 0.014) in never smokers and 0.70 (P = 0.027) and 0.77 (P = 0.124) in patients receiving gemcitabine monotherapy. CONCLUSION The inhibition of RAS in advanced pancreatic cancer might improve clinical outcomes in cases without a history of smoking or in cases receiving gemcitabine monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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12
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Trinh H, Pinkham MB, Lehman M, Zarate D, Dauth M, McGrath M, McCaffrey E, Mai GT, Horwood K. Outcomes treating stage III non-small cell lung carcinoma with curative-intent radiotherapy and concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2014; 10:428-34. [PMID: 25353367 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Thoracic radiotherapy administered concurrently with chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer, but the optimal chemotherapy regimen is not clearly established. The objective of this study was to assess outcomes in a large cohort of patients treated with curative-intent using carboplatin and paclitaxel. METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing curative-intent radiotherapy to 60-66 Gy in 30-33 daily fractions with concurrent weekly carboplatin (AUC = 2) and paclitaxel (45 mg/m(2) /week) between March 2004 and May 2012 were identified from a prospective database and reviewed individually. A minimum follow-up of 3 months was required unless death occurred sooner. Response to treatment was defined according to established guidelines on re-staging computed tomography scan at 3 months. Toxicities were assessed using a standardised scoring system. RESULTS One hundred and seven patients were analysed. The median follow-up was 43.5 months. Three months after treatment, a complete or partial response was observed in 72 patients (68%), and nine patients (8%) had already died. The overall locoregional failure rate was 47%, and failure eventually occurred at any site in 75 patients (70%). Median progression-free survival, and median survival were 15 and 22 months, respectively. Grade 3-4 neutropaenia, thrombocytopaenia, nephrotoxicity, oesophagitis and pneumonitis were observed in 15%, 1%, 3%, 11% and 9% of patients during treatment, respectively. There was one episode of fatal radiation pneumonitis. CONCLUSION Treatment with thoracic radiotherapy and concurrent carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy is feasible. Survival and toxicity outcomes compare favorably to those reported using cisplatin-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Trinh
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Mark Blayne Pinkham
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margot Lehman
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dannie Zarate
- Consultant, Statistics and Data Analysis, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret Dauth
- Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Margaret McGrath
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | | | - Gang Tao Mai
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Keith Horwood
- Cancer Care Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
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13
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Smoking Prevention and Cessation. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118468791.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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O'Malley M, Healy P, Daignault S, Ramnath N. Cigarette smoking and gemcitabine-induced neutropenia in advanced solid tumors. Oncology 2013; 85:216-22. [PMID: 24080957 DOI: 10.1159/000355107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-associated neutropenia has been reported to be a pharmacodynamic marker of response in some advanced solid tumors. Factors that accelerate drug clearance lead to lower plasma concentrations and toxicity, including neutropenia. Smoking accelerates the metabolism of several drugs, including chemotherapy. We sought to study the effects of smoking on gemcitabine-induced neutropenia in this retrospective study. METHODS Smoking status and neutropenia along with other clinical parameters were recorded in 151 patients receiving first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy for advanced solid tumors. RESULTS Tumor types included breast (9.3%), lung (4.6%), pancreatobiliary (70.9%), or other/unknown primary cancer (15.2%). Logistic regression showed that never smokers had increased neutropenia versus current smokers (odds ratio: 3.5; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.1-11.4). A 5-unit increase in pack-years reduced the odds of having higher neutropenia toxicity by 6.3% (95% CI 12 to 1%; p = 0.036). CONCLUSION Smokers had less neutropenia than nonsmokers, a finding that was more pronounced with increasing pack-years. This pharmacodynamic marker of gemcitabine-induced neutropenia may result in less efficacy of gemcitabine. Future prospective trials should correlate smoking, metabolizing phenotype, neutropenia, and response to gemcitabine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan O'Malley
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USA
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15
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de Graan AJM, Loos WJ, Friberg LE, Baker SD, van der Bol JM, van Doorn L, Wiemer EA, van der Holt B, Verweij J, Mathijssen RH. Influence of Smoking on the Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity Profiles of Taxane Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:4425-32. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Ethnic difference in hematological toxicity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy: a pooled analysis on Asian versus non-Asian in phase II and III clinical trials. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 6:1881-8. [PMID: 21841503 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e31822722b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are a large number of global clinical trials ongoing for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ethnic difference in toxicity has not been adequately studied. METHODS We performed a systematic search in PubMed for randomized phase II and III trials of NSCLC from January 2000 to December 2009, examining ethnic difference in hematological toxicity due to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Ethnicity was classified into Asian and non-Asian. We chose three treatment regimens used for NSCLC globally: cisplatin plus gemcitabine (CG), cisplatin plus vinorelbine (CV), and carboplatin plus paclitaxel (CP). We applied sensitivity analysis to examine unreported ethnic differences in hematological toxicities by changing the percentage of Asian patients from 0 to 18% in trials reported from the United States and Europe. RESULTS We identified 12 phase II trials and 38 phase III trials of NSCLC with a total of 11,271 patients. Among these, 14 trials had reported ethnic origins. Grade 3/4 toxicities were more frequently observed in the Asian studies. On the basis of sensitivity analysis, odds ratio of grade 3/4 neutropenia was significantly higher in Asian patients than non-Asian, when treated with CG (OR = 1.55-3.45, p < 0.001), CV (OR = 2.99-4.43, p < 0.001), and CP (OR = 4.79-6.22, p < 0.001). Grade 3/4 anemia was also significantly higher in Asians with CG (OR = 3.10-3.27, p < 0.001), CV (OR = 1.99-2.43, p < 0.001), and CP (OR = 1.34-1.52, p < 0.001-0.004). However, no significant difference was observed in thrombocytopenia with CG (OR = 0.66-2.04, p < 0.001-1.000), CV (OR = 0.42-0.57, p = 0.097-0.323), or CP (OR = 1.21-1.39, p = 0.114-0.152). CONCLUSIONS Severe hematological toxicity was frequently observed in Asian patients compared with non-Asian (mostly whites) in the treatment of chemotherapy for NSCLC.
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Waller LL, Weaver KE, Petty WJ, Miller AA. Effects of continued tobacco use during treatment of lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2010; 10:1569-75. [PMID: 20942628 DOI: 10.1586/era.10.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the USA. A significant portion of these patients have a history of tobacco use and many are smoking at the time of diagnosis. Despite smoking cessation interventions, many patients continue to smoke even after their diagnosis. Those who are able to quit smoking after their diagnosis still have a high rate of relapse of smoking within the first year. Continued smoking has been found to have multiple negative consequences for these patients including increased toxicity from treatment and decreased effectiveness of therapy. Overall, patients who continue to smoke after their diagnosis have poorer outcomes than those patients who are successfully able to quit and abstain from smoking. Knowing this, physicians should encourage smoking cessation in this patient population. Future studies are needed to help define the best approach for encouraging smoking cessation, taking into account patient characteristics and the stress associated with the lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsay L Waller
- Department of Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Current awareness: Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pds.1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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