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Singer D, Metz S, Unrein F, Shimano S, Mazei Y, Mitchell EAD, Lara E. Contrasted Micro-Eukaryotic Diversity Associated with Sphagnum Mosses in Tropical, Subtropical and Temperate Climatic Zones. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:714-724. [PMID: 30756135 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sphagnum-dominated ecosystem plays major roles as carbon sinks at the global level. Associated microbial communities, in particular, eukaryotes, play significant roles in nutrient fixation and turnover. In order to understand better the ecological processes driven by these organisms, the first step is to characterise these associated organisms. We characterised the taxonomic diversity, and from this, inferred the functional diversity of microeukaryotes in Sphagnum mosses in tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones through an environmental DNA diversity metabarcoding survey of the V9 region of the gene coding for the RNA of the small subunit of the ribosomes (SSU rRNA). As microbial processes are strongly driven by temperatures, we hypothesised that saprotrophy would be highest in warm regions, whereas mixotrophy, an optimal strategy in oligotrophic environments, would peak under colder climates. Phylotype richness was higher in tropical and subtropical climatic zones than in the temperate region, mostly due to a higher diversity of animal parasites (i.e. Apicomplexa). Decomposers, and especially opportunistic yeasts and moulds, were more abundant under warmer climates, while mixotrophic organisms were more abundant under temperate climates. The dominance of decomposers, suggesting a higher heterotrophic activity under warmer climates, is coherent with the generally observed faster nutrient cycling at lower latitudes; this phenomenon is likely enhanced by higher inputs of nutrients most probably brought in the system by Metazoa, such as arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Singer
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Sebastian Metz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.200, (B 7130 IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Unrein
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.200, (B 7130 IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, Fujimi 2-17-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8160, Japan
| | - Yuri Mazei
- Department of Hydrobiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Edward A D Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Chemin du Pertuis-du-Sault 58, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Lara
- Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain
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Chaffey N, Volkmann D, Baluška F. The botanical multiverse of Peter Barlow. Commun Integr Biol 2019; 12:14-30. [PMID: 31156759 PMCID: PMC6529214 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2019.1575788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dr Peter Barlow, who died in 2017, was one of the most respected botanists and biologists of the latter half of the 20th Century. His interests covered a wide range of plant biological topics, e.g. root growth and development, plant cytoskeleton, effects of gravity, plant intelligence, pattern formation, and evolution of eukaryotic cells. Here we consider Peter's numerous contributions to the: elucidation of plant patterns; understanding of root biology; role of the plant cytoskeleton in growth and development; influence of the Moon on terrestrial vegetation; Cell Body concept; and plant neurobiology. In so doing we attempt not only to provide an overview of Peter's important work in many areas of plant biology, but also to place that work in the context of recent advances in plant and biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Chaffey
- College of Liberal Arts, Bath Spa University, Bath, UK
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