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Zhang VM, Punzalan D, Rowe L. Climate change has different predicted effects on the range shifts of two hybridizing ambush bug ( Phymata, Family Reduviidae, Order Hemiptera) species. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12036-12048. [PMID: 33209268 PMCID: PMC7664010 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM A universal attribute of species is that their distributions are limited by numerous factors that may be difficult to quantify. Furthermore, climate change-induced range shifts have been reported in many taxa, and understanding the implications of these shifts remains a priority and a challenge. Here, we use Maxent to predict current suitable habitat and to project future distributions of two closely related, parapatrically distributed Phymata species in light of anthropogenic climate change. LOCATION North America. TAXON Phymata americana Melin 1930 and Phymata pennsylvanica Handlirsch 1897, Family: Reduviidae, Order: Hemiptera. METHODS We used the maximum entropy modeling software Maxent to identify environmental variables maintaining the distribution of two Phymata species, Phymata americana and Phymata pennsylvanica. Species occurrence data were collected from museum databases, and environmental data were collected from WorldClim. Once we gathered distribution maps for both species, we created binary suitability maps of current distributions. To predict future distributions in 2050 and 2070, the same environmental variables were used, this time under four different representative concentration pathways: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5; as well, binary suitability maps of future distributions were also created. To visualize potential future hybridization, the degree of overlap between the two Phymata species was calculated. RESULTS The strongest predictor to P. americana ranges was the mean temperature of the warmest quarter, while precipitation of the driest month and mean temperature of the warmest quarter were strong predictors of P. pennsylvanica ranges. Future ranges for P. americana are predicted to increase northwestward at higher CO2 concentrations. Suitable ranges for P. pennsylvanica are predicted to decrease with slight fluctuations around range edges. There is an increase in overlapping ranges of the two species in all future predictions. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These evidences for different environmental requirements for P. americana and P. pennsylvanica account for their distinct ranges. Because these species are ecologically similar and can hybridize, climate change has potentially important eco-evolutionary ramifications. Overall, our results are consistent with effects of climate change that are highly variable across species, geographic regions, and over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TorontoMississaugaONCanada
| | - David Punzalan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Department of BiologyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada
| | - Locke Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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2
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Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the ambush bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Punzalan D, Rowe L. Concordance between stabilizing sexual selection, intraspecific variation, and interspecific divergence in Phymata. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7997-8009. [PMID: 27878072 PMCID: PMC5108252 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Empirical studies show that lineages typically exhibit long periods of evolutionary stasis and that relative levels of within-species trait covariance often correlate with the extent of between-species trait divergence. These observations have been interpreted by some as evidence of genetic constraints persisting for long periods of time. However, an alternative explanation is that both intra- and interspecific variation are shaped by the features of the adaptive landscape (e.g., stabilizing selection). Employing a genus of insects that are diverse with respect to a suite of secondary sex traits, we related data describing nonlinear phenotypic (sexual) selection to intraspecific trait covariances and macroevolutionary divergence. We found support for two key predictions (1) that intraspecific trait covariation would be aligned with stabilizing selection and (2) that there would be restricted macroevolutionary divergence in the direction of stabilizing selection. The observed alignment of all three matrices offers a point of caution in interpreting standing variability as metrics of evolutionary constraint. Our results also illustrate the power of sexual selection for determining variation observed at both short and long timescales and account for the apparently slow evolution of some secondary sex characters in this lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Punzalan
- Department of Natural HistoryRoyal Ontario MuseumTorontoONCanada
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Locke Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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Moore MP, Martin RA. Intrasexual selection favours an immune-correlated colour ornament in a dragonfly. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:2256-2265. [PMID: 27467980 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sexual signalling is predicted to shape the evolution of sex-specific ornamentation, and establishing the costs and benefits of ornamentation and the information that ornamentation provides to receivers is necessary to evaluating this adaptive function. Here, we assessed the adaptive function of a common colour ornament in insects, melanin wing ornamentation, using the dragonfly Pachydiplax longipennis. We hypothesized that greater ornamentation would improve territory-holding success by decreasing aggression that males receive from territorial rivals, but that more ornamented males may have shorter lifespans. Using mark-recapture field observations, we found that more ornamented males had greater territory-holding success and that viability selection did not act on wing melanization. We then compared the aggression of territorial rivals to decoy males before and after experimentally augmenting wing melanization, finding that males significantly reduced aggression following the manipulation. We next hypothesized that wing melanization would signal fighting ability to territorial rivals by reflecting condition via investment in the costly melanin synthesis pathway. We observed a positive relationship between ornamentation and the likelihood of winning territorial disputes, suggesting that wing melanization provides information about fighting ability to rivals. We also found a positive relationship between melanin-based immune defence and ornamentation, supporting a link between the signal and condition. We conclude that wing melanization is a condition-related signal of fighting ability and suggest that this may be a common mechanism promoting the evolution of melanin ornamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Moore
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - R A Martin
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Steiger S, Capodeanu-Nägler A, Gershman SN, Weddle CB, Rapkin J, Sakaluk SK, Hunt J. Female choice for male cuticular hydrocarbon profile in decorated crickets is not based on similarity to their own profile. J Evol Biol 2015; 28:2175-86. [PMID: 26301596 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Indirect genetic benefits derived from female mate choice comprise additive (good genes) and nonadditive genetic benefits (genetic compatibility). Although good genes can be revealed by condition-dependent display traits, the mechanism by which compatibility alleles are detected is unclear because evaluation of the genetic similarity of a prospective mate requires the female to assess the genotype of the male and compare it to her own. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), lipids coating the exoskeleton of most insects, influence female mate choice in a number of species and offer a way for females to assess genetic similarity of prospective mates. Here, we determine whether female mate choice in decorated crickets is based on male CHCs and whether it is influenced by females' own CHC profiles. We used multivariate selection analysis to estimate the strength and form of selection acting on male CHCs through female mate choice, and employed different measures of multivariate dissimilarity to determine whether a female's preference for male CHCs is based on similarity to her own CHC profile. Female mating preferences were significantly influenced by CHC profiles of males. Male CHC attractiveness was not, however, contingent on the CHC profile of the choosing female, as certain male CHC phenotypes were equally attractive to most females, evidenced by significant linear and stabilizing selection gradients. These results suggest that additive genetic benefits, rather than nonadditive genetic benefits, accrue to female mate choice, in support of earlier work showing that CHC expression of males, but not females, is condition dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Steiger
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Capodeanu-Nägler
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - S N Gershman
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University at Marion, Marion, OH, USA
| | - C B Weddle
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - J Rapkin
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - S K Sakaluk
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - J Hunt
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
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6
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Punzalan D, Rowe L. Evolution of sexual dimorphism in phenotypic covariance structure inPhymata. Evolution 2015; 69:1597-1609. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Punzalan
- Department of Natural History; Royal Ontario Museum; Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 2C6
| | - Locke Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada M5S 3B2
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Steiger S, Ower GD, Stökl J, Mitchell C, Hunt J, Sakaluk SK. Sexual selection on cuticular hydrocarbons of male sagebrush crickets in the wild. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20132353. [PMID: 24197415 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) play an essential role in mate recognition in insects but the form and intensity of sexual selection on CHCs has only been evaluated in a handful of studies, and never in a natural population. We quantified sexual selection operating on CHCs in a wild population of sagebrush crickets, a species in which nuptial feeding by females imposes an unambiguous phenotypic marker on males. Multivariate selection analysis revealed a saddle-shaped fitness surface, suggesting a complex interplay between the total abundance of CHCs and specific CHC combinations in their influence on female choice. The fitness surface resulting from two axes of disruptive selection reflected a trade-off between short- and long-chained CHCs, suggesting that males may be sacrificing some level of desiccation resistance in favour of increased attractiveness. There was a significant correlation between male body size and total CHC abundance, suggesting that male CHCs provide females with a reliable cue for maximizing benefits obtained from males. Notwithstanding the conspicuousness of males' acoustic signals, our results suggest that selection imposed on males via female mating preferences may be far more complex than previously appreciated and operating in multiple sensory modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Steiger
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, , Normal, IL 61790-4120, USA, Institute of Experimental Ecology, University of Ulm, , Ulm 89081, Germany, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, , Regensburg 93053, Germany, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, , Cornwall Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
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Tatarnic NJ, Cassis G. Surviving in Sympatry: Paragenital Divergence and Sexual Mimicry between a Pair of Traumatically Inseminating Plant Bugs. Am Nat 2013; 182:542-51. [DOI: 10.1086/671931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Umbers KDL, Herberstein ME, Madin JS. Colour in insect thermoregulation: empirical and theoretical tests in the colour-changing grasshopper, Kosciuscola tristis. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 59:81-90. [PMID: 23108152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Body colours can result in different internal body temperatures, but evidence for the biological significance of colour-induced temperature differences is inconsistent. We investigated the relationship between body colour and temperature in a model insect species that rapidly changes colour. We used an empirical approach and constructed a heat budget model to quantify whether a colour change from black to turquoise has a role in thermoregulation for the chameleon grasshopper (Kosciuscola tristis). Our study shows that colour change in K. tristis provides relatively small temperature differences that vary greatly with wind speed (0.55 °C at ms(-1) to 0.05 °C at 10 ms(-1)). The biological significance of this difference is unclear and we discuss the requirement for more studies that directly test hypotheses regarding the fitness effects of colour in manipulating body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D L Umbers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Procter DS, Moore AJ, Miller CW. The form of sexual selection arising from male-male competition depends on the presence of females in the social environment. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:803-12. [PMID: 22404372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D S Procter
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
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Weirauch C, Forero D, Jacobs DH. On the evolution of raptorial legs - an insect example (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Phymatinae). Cladistics 2011; 27:138-149. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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12
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ROBSON LJ, GWYNNE DT. Measuring sexual selection on females in sex-role-reversed Mormon crickets (Anabrus simplex, Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). J Evol Biol 2010; 23:1528-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Punzalan D, Rodd FH, Rowe L. Temporally Variable Multivariate Sexual Selection on Sexually Dimorphic Traits in a Wild Insect Population. Am Nat 2010; 175:401-14. [PMID: 20184443 DOI: 10.1086/650719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Punzalan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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14
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Kasumovic MM, Bruce MJ, Herberstein ME, Andrade MCB. Evidence for developmental plasticity in response to demographic variation in nature. Ecology 2009; 90:2287-96. [PMID: 19739390 DOI: 10.1890/08-1540.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive developmental plasticity has been demonstrated across a number of taxa in response to variables such as photoperiod, resource abundance, and predator presence. Demographics also vary temporally and spatially within populations, but few studies have examined the possibility that developmental plasticity in response to changes in these variables can alter phenotypic distributions. Plastic responses to variable population density and sex ratio may play an important role in explaining phenotypic variation in nature. In this study, we examine two species of spiders (Nephila plumipes and Argiope keyserlingi) to examine whether there is evidence that males alter their development in response to demographics in natural populations. We studied spiders in which developing males can use pheromones as a cue of the density of conspecific males and females. We used published information about the mating systems and life history of each species to make predictions about expected patterns of plasticity in development time and correlated changes in adult body size in response to demographic variation. Within each species, male size and mass were positively correlated with the density of males but negatively correlated with the density of females, and as predicted, this was true only when calculated at spatial scales relevant to selection in each species. In contrast, seasonal variation in photoperiod could not explain measured variance in male size. Our results support the idea that developmental plasticity in response to demographics has a significant effect on phenotypic distributions in natural populations. Our results suggest that a proportion of variation in male phenotypes could be explained as a plasticity-mediated evolutionary response to variation in population demographics rather than as a physiological response to resource abundance and/or photoperiod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Kasumovic
- Integrative Behaviour and Neuroscience Group, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
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KASUMOVIC MM, ANDRADE MCB. A change in competitive context reverses sexual selection on male size. J Evol Biol 2008; 22:324-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Punzalan D, Cooray M, Helen Rodd F, Rowe L. Condition dependence of sexually dimorphic colouration and longevity in the ambush bug Phymata americana. J Evol Biol 2008; 21:1297-306. [PMID: 18631280 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sexually selected traits that are costly are predicted to be more condition dependent than nonsexually selected traits. Assuming resource limitation, increased allocation to a sexually selected trait may also come at a cost to other fitness components. To test these predictions, we varied adult food ration to manipulate condition in the colour dimorphic bug, Phymata americana. We compared the degree of condition dependence in a sexually selected trait expressed in males to a nonsexually selected trait expressed in males and females. We also evaluated the effects of condition on longevity of both sexes. We found that the expression of these colour pattern traits was strongly influenced by both diet and age. As expected, the strength of condition dependence was much more pronounced in the sexually selected, male-limited trait but the nonsexual trait also exhibited significant condition dependence in both sexes. The sexually selected male trait also exhibited a higher coefficient of phenotypic variation than the nonsexually selected trait in males and females. Diet had contrasting effects on male and female longevity; increased food availability had positive effects on female lifespan but these effects were not detected in males, suggesting that males allocated limited resources preferentially to sexually selected traits. These results are consistent with the expectation that optimal allocation to various fitness components differs between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Punzalan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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