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Coccaro N, Zagaria A, Anelli L, Tarantini F, Tota G, Conserva MR, Cumbo C, Parciante E, Redavid I, Ingravallo G, Minervini CF, Minervini A, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Optical Genome Mapping as a Tool to Unveil New Molecular Findings in Hematological Patients with Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2180. [PMID: 38137002 PMCID: PMC10742895 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard cytogenetic techniques (chromosomal banding analysis-CBA, and fluorescence in situ hybridization-FISH) show limits in characterizing complex chromosomal rearrangements and structural variants arising from two or more chromosomal breaks. In this study, we applied optical genome mapping (OGM) to fully characterize two cases of complex chromosomal rearrangements at high resolution. In case 1, an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient showing chromothripsis, OGM analysis was fully concordant with classic cytogenetic techniques and helped to better refine chromosomal breakpoints. The OGM results of case 2, a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, were only partially in agreement with previous cytogenetic analyses and helped to better define clonal heterogeneity, overcoming the bias related to clonal selection due to cell culture of cytogenetic techniques. In both cases, OGM analysis led to the identification of molecular markers, helping to define the pathogenesis, classification, and prognosis of the analyzed patients. Despite extensive efforts to study hematologic diseases, standard cytogenetic methods display unsurmountable limits, while OGM is a tool that has the power to overcome these limitations and provide a cytogenetic analysis at higher resolution. As OGM also shows limits in defining regions of a repetitive nature, combining OGM with CBA to obtain a complete cytogenetic characterization would be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Coccaro
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Tarantini
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Tota
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Maria Rosa Conserva
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Cosimo Cumbo
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Elisa Parciante
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Immacolata Redavid
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Crescenzio Francesco Minervini
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Angela Minervini
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Albano
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (A.Z.); (L.A.); (F.T.); (G.T.); (M.R.C.); (C.C.); (E.P.); (I.R.); (C.F.M.); (A.M.); (P.M.)
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