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Manelis A, Soehner A, Halchenko YO, Satz S, Ragozzino R, Lucero M, Swartz HA, Phillips ML, Versace A. White matter abnormalities in adults with bipolar disorder type-II and unipolar depression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7541. [PMID: 33824408 PMCID: PMC8024340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Discerning distinct neurobiological characteristics of related mood disorders such as bipolar disorder type-II (BD-II) and unipolar depression (UD) is challenging due to overlapping symptoms and patterns of disruption in brain regions. More than 60% of individuals with UD experience subthreshold hypomanic symptoms such as elevated mood, irritability, and increased activity. Previous studies linked bipolar disorder to widespread white matter abnormalities. However, no published work has compared white matter microstructure in individuals with BD-II vs. UD vs. healthy controls (HC), or examined the relationship between spectrum (dimensional) measures of hypomania and white matter microstructure across those individuals. This study aimed to examine fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD), and mean diffusivity (MD) across BD-II, UD, and HC groups in the white matter tracts identified by the XTRACT tool in FSL. Individuals with BD-II (n = 18), UD (n = 23), and HC (n = 24) underwent Diffusion Weighted Imaging. The categorical approach revealed decreased FA and increased RD in BD-II and UD vs. HC across multiple tracts. While BD-II had significantly lower FA and higher RD values than UD in the anterior part of the left arcuate fasciculus, UD had significantly lower FA and higher RD values than BD-II in the area of intersections between the right arcuate, inferior fronto-occipital and uncinate fasciculi and forceps minor. The dimensional approach revealed the depression-by-spectrum mania interaction effect on the FA, RD, and AD values in the area of intersection between the right posterior arcuate and middle longitudinal fasciculi. We propose that the white matter microstructure in these tracts reflects a unique pathophysiologic signature and compensatory mechanisms distinguishing BD-II from UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Manelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Adriane Soehner
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yaroslav O Halchenko
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Skye Satz
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Rachel Ragozzino
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mora Lucero
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Holly A Swartz
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mary L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Amelia Versace
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Room 226, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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2
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Breukelaar IA, Erlinger M, Harris A, Boyce P, Hazell P, Grieve SM, Antees C, Foster S, Gomes L, Williams LM, Malhi GS, Korgaonkar MS. Investigating the neural basis of cognitive control dysfunction in mood disorders. Bipolar Disord 2020; 22:286-295. [PMID: 31604366 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysfunction of cognitive control is a feature of both bipolar disorder (BP) and major depression (MDD) and persists through to remission. However, it is unknown whether these disorders are characterized by common or distinct disruptions of cognitive control function and its neural basis. We investigated this gap in knowledge in asymptomatic BP and MDD participants, interpreted within a framework of normative function. METHODS Participants underwent fMRI scans engaging cognitive control through a working memory task and completed a cognitive battery evaluating performance across multiple subdomains of cognitive control, including attention, impulsivity, processing speed, executive function, and memory. Analysis was performed in two stages: (i) cognitive control-related brain activation and deactivation were correlated with cognitive control performance in 115 healthy controls (HCs), then, (ii) significantly correlated regions from (i) were compared between 25 asymptomatic BP, 25 remitted MDD, and with 25 different HCs, matched for age and gender. RESULTS Impulsivity and executive function performance were significantly worse in BP compared to both MDD and HCs. Both BP and MDD had significantly poorer memory performance compared to HCs. Greater deactivation of the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) during the fMRI task was associated with better executive function in healthy controls. Significantly less deactivation in this region was present in both BP and MDD compared to HCs. CONCLUSIONS Failure to deactivate the MPFC, a key region of the default mode network, during working memory processing is a shared neural feature present in both bipolar and major depression and could be a source of common cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella A Breukelaar
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - May Erlinger
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Harris
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip Boyce
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip Hazell
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart M Grieve
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Cassandra Antees
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheryl Foster
- Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - Lavier Gomes
- Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Palo Alto VA, MIRECC, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gin S Malhi
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Saint Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Mayuresh S Korgaonkar
- Brain Dynamics Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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3
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Quinn ME, Stange JP, Jenkins LM, Corwin S, DelDonno SR, Bessette KL, Welsh RC, Langenecker SA. Cognitive control and network disruption in remitted depression: a correlate of childhood adversity. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 13:1081-1090. [PMID: 30285231 PMCID: PMC6204481 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals in a major depressive episode often display impairment in cognitive control, and this impairment exists outside of the acute phase of illness. Impairment in cognitive control also has been associated with exposure to childhood adversity (CA). The current study examined whether exposure to CA can explain variance in a component of cognitive control—inhibitory control—independent of diagnostic status in young adults with and without a history of depression. Healthy control individuals (n = 40) and individuals with remitted major depressive disorder (n = 53) completed a task measuring inhibitory control, reported level of CA and completed a scanning session to assess gray matter volume and resting state connectivity in regions associated with cognitive control. The results demonstrate that higher levels of CA were associated with poorer inhibitory control, reduced right middle frontal gyrus gray matter, decreased connectivity of salience and emotion networks and increased connectivity in cognitive control networks, even after controlling for diagnostic status, residual depression symptoms and current stressors. Together, the results suggest that inhibitory control impairment and intrinsic connectivity changes may be characterized as developmental sequelae of early stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E Quinn
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan P Stange
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Samantha Corwin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sophie R DelDonno
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katie L Bessette
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Abstract
Neuropsychiatric illnesses including mood disorders are accompanied by cognitive impairment, which impairs work capacity and quality of life. However, there is a lack of treatment options that would lead to solid and lasting improvement of cognition. This is partially due to the absence of valid and reliable neurocircuitry-based biomarkers for pro-cognitive effects. This systematic review therefore examined the most consistent neural underpinnings of cognitive impairment and cognitive improvement in unipolar and bipolar disorders. We identified 100 studies of the neuronal underpinnings of working memory and executive skills, learning and memory, attention, and implicit learning and 9 studies of the neuronal basis for cognitive improvements. Impairments across several cognitive domains were consistently accompanied by abnormal activity in dorsal prefrontal (PFC) cognitive control regions-with the direction of this activity depending on patients' performance levels-and failure to suppress default mode network (DMN) activity. Candidate cognition treatments seemed to enhance task-related dorsal PFC and temporo-parietal activity when performance increases were observed, and to reduce their activity when performance levels were unchanged. These treatments also attenuated DMN hyper-activity. In contrast, nonspecific cognitive improvement following symptom reduction was typically accompanied by decreased limbic reactivity and reversal of pre-treatment fronto-parietal hyper-activity. Together, the findings highlight some common neural correlates of cognitive impairments and cognitive improvements. Based on this evidence, studies are warranted to examine the reliability and predictive validity of target engagement in the identified neurocircuitries as a biomarker model of pro-cognitive effects.
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Zhu Y, Womer FY, Leng H, Chang M, Yin Z, Wei Y, Zhou Q, Fu S, Deng X, Lv J, Song Y, Ma Y, Sun X, Bao J, Wei S, Jiang X, Tan S, Tang Y, Wang F. The Relationship Between Cognitive Dysfunction and Symptom Dimensions Across Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:253. [PMID: 31105603 PMCID: PMC6498739 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive dysfunction is considered a core feature among schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite abundant literature comparing cognitive dysfunction among these disorders, the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and symptom dimensions remains unclear. The study aims are a) to identify the factor structure of the BPRS-18 and b) to examine the relationship between symptom domains and cognitive function across SZ, BD, and MDD. Methods: A total of 716 participants [262 with SZ, 104 with BD, 101 with MDD, and 249 healthy controls (HC)] were included in the study. One hundred eighty participants (59 with SZ, 23 with BD, 24 with MDD, and 74 HC) completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), and 507 participants (85 with SZ, 89 with BD, 90 with MDD, and 243 HC) completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). All patients completed the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Results: We identified five BPRS exploratory factor analysis (EFA) factors ("affective symptoms," "psychosis," "negative/disorganized symptoms," "activation," and "noncooperation") and found cognitive dysfunction in all of the participant groups with psychiatric disorders. Negative/disorganized symptoms were the most strongly associated with cognitive dysfunctions across SZ, BD, and MDD. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction severity relates to the negative/disorganized symptom domain across SZ, BD, and MDD, and negative/disorganized symptoms may be an important target for effective cognitive remediation in SZ, BD, and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fay Y Womer
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Haixia Leng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyang Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yange Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shinan Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanzhuo Song
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinzhu Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Bao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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6
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Peters AT, Smith RA, Kassel MT, Hagan M, Maki P, Van Meter A, Briceño EM, Ryan KA, Weldon AL, Weisenbach SL, Starkman MN, Langenecker SA. A pilot investigation of differential neuroendocrine associations with fronto-limbic activation during semantically-cued list learning in mood disorders. J Affect Disord 2018; 239:180-191. [PMID: 30014958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased volume and disrupted function in neural structures essential for memory formation (e.g. medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex) are common among individuals with depression. Hypothalamic-pituitary-axis function, as reflected by measurement of cortisol levels, is linked to neural activity during memory encoding in healthy people. However, it is not as well understood whether cortisol is associated with alterations in fronto-temporal recruitment during memory encoding in depression. METHODS In this pilot study, we evaluated associations between cortisol and neural activation during memory encoding in 62 adults (18-65 years) with mood disorders (MD; n = 39, 66.7% female), including major depression (n = 28) and bipolar I disorder (n = 11), and healthy controls (HC; n = 23, 43.5% female). Participants provided salivary cortisol samples before and after completing a semantically-cued list-learning task during 3-Tesla fMRI. Links between pre-scan cortisol (and cortisol change) and activation during encoding were evaluated using block and event-related models. RESULTS Overall, pre-scan cortisol level was positively associated with greater engagement of fronto-limbic activation during the encoding block. However, in MD, pre-scan cortisol was associated with attenuated activation during encoding in medial frontal, superior and middle temporal gyri, insula, lingual gyrus, and claustrum relative to HCs. Cortisol-related attenuation of activation in MD was also observed during encoding of words subsequently recalled in the ventral anterior cingulate, hypothalamus, and middle temporal gyrus. By and large, cortisol change (pre/post scan) predicted the same pattern of findings in both block and event-related contrasts. LIMITATIONS Although analyses accounted for variations in scanner time of day, circadian alterations in cortisol may have introduced variability into the results. CONCLUSIONS Pre-scan cortisol may selectively interfere with recruitment of important fronto-temporal memory circuitry in mood disorders. The inverted associations between cortisol and neural function in MD relative to HC also elucidate potentially unique pathophysiological markers of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - R A Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - M T Kassel
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA
| | - M Hagan
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - P Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - A Van Meter
- Department of Psychiatry Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, USA
| | - E M Briceño
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, USA
| | - K A Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, USA
| | - A L Weldon
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - S L Weisenbach
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, USA; VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, USA
| | - M N Starkman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, USA
| | - S A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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7
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McInnis MG, Assari S, Kamali M, Ryan K, Langenecker SA, Saunders EFH, Versha K, Evans S, O’Shea KS, Mower Provost E, Marshall D, Forger D, Deldin P, Zoellner S. Cohort Profile: The Heinz C. Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:28-28n. [PMID: 29211851 PMCID: PMC5837550 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melvin G McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Masoud Kamali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erika FH Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, Penn State Hershey Medical Group, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kritika Versha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simon Evans
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Sue O’Shea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | - David Marshall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Sebastian Zoellner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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8
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Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Cognitive Control of Emotion: Potential Antidepressant Mechanisms. J ECT 2017; 33:73-80. [PMID: 28072659 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression negatively impacts quality of life and is associated with high mortality rates. Recent research has demonstrated that improvement in depression symptoms with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) may involve changes in the cognitive control network, a regulatory system modulating the function of cognitive and emotional systems, composed of the DLPFC, dorsal anterior cingulate, and posterior parietal cortices. Transcranial magnetic stimulation to the DLPFC node of the cognitive control network may have antidepressant efficacy via direct effects on cognitive control processes involved in emotion regulation. This review provides a review of the impact of TMS on cognitive control processes, especially those related to emotion regulation, and posits that these effects are critical to the mechanism of action of TMS for depression. Treatment implications and future directions for study are discussed.
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9
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Wohlwend M, Olsen A, Håberg AK, Palmer HS. Exercise Intensity-Dependent Effects on Cognitive Control Function during and after Acute Treadmill Running in Young Healthy Adults. Front Psychol 2017; 8:406. [PMID: 28377735 PMCID: PMC5359239 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea that physical activity differentially impacts upon performance of various cognitive tasks has recently gained increased interest. However, our current knowledge about how cognition is altered by acute physical activity is incomplete. To measure how different intensity levels of physical activity affect cognition during and after 1 bout of physical activity, 30 healthy, young participants were randomized to perform a not-X continuous performance test (CPT) during low (LI)- and moderate intensity (MI) running. The same participants were subsequently randomized to perform the not-X CPT post LI, MI, and high intensity (HI) running. In addition, exercise related mood changes were assessed through a self-report measure pre and post running at LI, MI, and HI. Results showed worsening of performance accuracy on the not-X CPT during one bout of moderate compared to low intensity running. Post running, there was a linear decrease in reaction time with increasing running intensity and no change in accuracy or mood. The decreased reaction times post HI running recovered back to baseline within 20 min. We conclude that accuracy is acutely deteriorated during the most straining physical activity while a transient intensity-dependent enhancement of cognitive control function is present following physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wohlwend
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexander Olsen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheim, Norway
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helen S Palmer
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway
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10
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Carcone D, Ruocco AC. Six Years of Research on the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Initiative: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:46. [PMID: 28316565 PMCID: PMC5334510 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Six years have passed since the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in the United States launched the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative. The RDoC introduces a framework for research on the biology of mental illness that integrates research findings across multiple levels of information. The framework outlines constructs that represent specific quantifiable dimensions of behavior (e.g., responses to acute threat, cognitive control) and corresponding units of analysis that can be used to study the constructs, beginning at the levels of genes, molecules, cells, circuits and physiology, and moving up to behaviors and self-reports. In this systematic review, a literature search was conducted to synthesize empirical research published since the proposal of the framework that incorporated the RDoC. Forty-eight peer-reviewed scholarly articles met eligibility criteria for the review. Studies differed according to whether they analyzed RDoC constructs and units of analysis within vs. between clinically-diagnosed and non-psychiatric samples. The most commonly studied constructs were subsumed within the domains of Negative Valence Systems, Positive Valence Systems and Cognitive Systems, providing initial results which primarily connected genetics, brain circuits and physiology research findings with behavior and self-reports. Prospects for future research adopting the RDoC matrix and utilizing a dimensional approach to studying the biology of mental illness are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Carcone
- Departments of Psychology and Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony C Ruocco
- Departments of Psychology and Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
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11
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Crane NA, Jenkins LM, Bhaumik R, Dion C, Gowins JR, Mickey BJ, Zubieta JK, Langenecker SA. Multidimensional prediction of treatment response to antidepressants with cognitive control and functional MRI. Brain 2017; 140:472-486. [PMID: 28122876 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting treatment response for major depressive disorder can provide a tremendous benefit for our overstretched health care system by reducing number of treatments and time to remission, thereby decreasing morbidity. The present study used neural and performance predictors during a cognitive control task to predict treatment response (% change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale pre- to post-treatment). Forty-nine individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder were enrolled with intent to treat in the open-label study; 36 completed treatment, had useable data, and were included in most data analyses. Participants included in the data analysis sample received treatment with escitalopram (n = 22) or duloxetine (n = 14) for 10 weeks. Functional MRI and performance during a Parametric Go/No-go test were used to predict per cent reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores after treatment. Haemodynamic response function-based contrasts and task-related independent components analysis (subset of sample: n = 29) were predictors. Independent components analysis component beta weights and haemodynamic response function modelling activation during Commission errors in the rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate, mid-cingulate, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and lateral orbital frontal cortex predicted treatment response. In addition, more commission errors on the task predicted better treatment response. Together in a regression model, independent component analysis, haemodynamic response function-modelled, and performance measures predicted treatment response with 90% accuracy (compared to 74% accuracy with clinical features alone), with 84% accuracy in 5-fold, leave-one-out cross-validation. Convergence between performance markers and functional magnetic resonance imaging, including novel independent component analysis techniques, achieved high accuracy in prediction of treatment response for major depressive disorder. The strong link to a task paradigm provided by use of independent component analysis is a potential breakthrough that can inform ways in which prediction models can be integrated for use in clinical and experimental medicine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natania A Crane
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lisanne M Jenkins
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Runa Bhaumik
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Catherine Dion
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jennifer R Gowins
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Brian J Mickey
- The University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Jon-Kar Zubieta
- The University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- The University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and the Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA .,The University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
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12
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Peters AT, Van Meter A, Pruitt PJ, Briceño EM, Ryan KA, Hagan M, Weldon AL, Kassel MT, Vederman A, Zubieta JK, McInnis M, Weisenbach SL, Langenecker SA. Acute cortisol reactivity attenuates engagement of fronto-parietal and striatal regions during emotion processing in negative mood disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 73:67-78. [PMID: 27474908 PMCID: PMC5048542 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and bipolar disorder (negative mood disorders, NMD) are associated with dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis function and disrupted emotion processing. The neural networks involved in attenuation of HPA-axis reactivity overlap with the circuitry involved in perception and modulation of emotion; however, direct links between these systems are understudied. This study investigated whether cortisol activity prior to undergoing fMRI was related to neural processing of emotional information in participants with NMD. METHODS Forty-one adults (Mage=40.33, SD=15.57) with major depression (n=29) or bipolar disorder (n=12) and 23 healthy control comparisons (Mage=36.43, SD=17.33) provided salivary cortisol samples prior to completing a facial emotion perception test during 3-Tesla fMRI. RESULTS Overall, pre-scan cortisol level was positively associated with greater engagement of the dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC), inferior parietal lobule, insula, putamen, precuneus, middle and medial frontal and postcentral gyri, posterior cingulate, and inferior temporal gyrus during emotion processing of all faces. NMD status moderated this effect; in NMD participants' pre-scan cortisol was associated with attenuated activation of the insula, postcentral gyrus, precuneus, and putamen for fearful faces and the medial frontal gyrus for angry faces relative to HCs. Cortisol-related attenuation of activation among NMD participants was also observed for facial identification in the dACC, putamen, middle temporal gyrus, precuneus, and caudate. CONCLUSIONS Across all participants, cortisol was associated with greater activation in several regions involved in the perception and control of emotion. However, cortisol responsivity was associated with hypoactivation of several of these regions in the NMD group, suggesting that HPA-axis activity may selectively interfere with the potentially adaptive recruitment of circuits supporting emotion perception, processing and/or regulation in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy T. Peters
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna Van Meter
- Ferkauf Graduate School, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Patrick J. Pruitt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily M. Briceño
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly A. Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melissa Hagan
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anne L. Weldon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michelle T. Kassel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Vederman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jon-Kar Zubieta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Melvin McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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13
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Cognition-related brain networks underpin the symptoms of unipolar depression: Evidence from a systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 61:53-65. [PMID: 26562681 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review sources the latest neuroimaging evidence for the role of cognition-related brain networks in depression, and relates their abnormal functioning to symptoms of the disorder. Using theoretically informed and rigorous inclusion criteria, we integrate findings from 59 functional neuroimaging studies of adults with unipolar depression using a narrative approach. Results demonstrate that two distinct neurocognitive networks, the autobiographic memory network (AMN) and the cognitive control network (CCN), are central to the symptomatology of depression. Specifically, hyperactivity of the introspective AMN is linked to pathological brooding, self-blame, rumination. Anticorrelated under-engagement of the CCN is associated with indecisiveness, negative automatic thoughts, poor concentration, distorted cognitive processing. Downstream effects of this imbalance include reduced regulation of networks linked to the vegetative and affective symptoms of depression. The configurations of these networks can change between individuals and over time, plausibly accounting for both the variable presentation of depressive disorders and their fluctuating course. Framing depression as a disorder of neurocognitive networks directly links neurobiology to psychiatric practice, aiding researchers and clinicians alike.
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