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Hazelton JL, Carneiro F, Maito M, Richter F, Legaz A, Altschuler F, Cubillos-Pinilla L, Chen Y, Doherty CP, Baez S, Ibáñez A. Neuroimaging Meta-Analyses Reveal Convergence of Interoception, Emotion, and Social Cognition Across Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biol Psychiatry 2025; 97:1079-1090. [PMID: 39442786 PMCID: PMC12010404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simultaneous interoceptive, emotional, and social cognition deficits are observed across neurodegenerative diseases. Indirect evidence suggests shared neurobiological bases underlying these impairments, termed the allostatic-interoceptive network (AIN). However, no study has yet explored the convergence of these deficits in neurodegenerative diseases or examined how structural and functional changes contribute to cross-domain impairments. METHODS A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) activated likelihood estimate meta-analysis encompassed studies that met the following inclusion criteria: interoception, emotion, or social cognition tasks; neurodegenerative diseases (behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, primary progressive aphasias, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis); and neuroimaging (structural: magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based morphometry; functional: magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography). RESULTS Of 20,593 studies, 170 met inclusion criteria (58 interoception, 65 emotion, and 47 social cognition) involving 7032 participants (4963 patients and 2069 healthy control participants). In all participants combined, conjunction analyses revealed AIN involvement of the insula, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, striatum, thalamus, and hippocampus across domains. In behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, this conjunction was replicated across domains, with further involvement of the temporal pole, temporal fusiform cortex, and angular gyrus. A convergence of interoception and emotion in the striatum, thalamus, and hippocampus in Parkinson's disease and the posterior insula in primary progressive aphasias was also observed. In Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, disruptions in the AIN were observed during interoception, but no convergence with emotion was identified. CONCLUSIONS Neurodegeneration induces dysfunctional AIN across atrophy, connectivity, and metabolism, more accentuated in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Findings bolster the predictive coding theories of large-scale AIN, calling for more synergistic approaches to understanding interoception, emotion, and social cognition impairments in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Hazelton
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, School of Psychology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fábio Carneiro
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurology, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Ave, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Maito
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabian Richter
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agustina Legaz
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Altschuler
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leidy Cubillos-Pinilla
- Neurophysiological Leadership Laboratory, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Colin P Doherty
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sandra Baez
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Yu L, Feng M, Shang Y, Ren Z, Xing H, Chang Y, Dong K, Xiao Y, Dai H. Reduced Functional Connectivity in Nucleus Accumbens Subregions Associates With Cognitive Changes in Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Behav 2025; 15:e70440. [PMID: 40135639 PMCID: PMC11938111 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The nucleus accumbens (NAc), an important component of the reward circuit, is believed to play an indispensable role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to explore alterations in the functional connectivity (FC) of NAc subregions in AD patients and to explore their associations with neuropsychological profiles. METHODS Total 45 AD patients and 41 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study. Four subregions of the NAc were used as regions of interest for whole-brain FC analysis. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between the changed FC of brain regions with significant differences and neuropsychological profiles. RESULTS Compared with HCs, decreased FC was observed between NAc subregions and regions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), precuneus (PCUN), insula (INS), cerebellum 8, and putamen in AD patients (Gaussian random field [GRF] corrected, voxel-level p < 0.001, cluster-level p < 0.05). Furthermore, the FC between the left core and left PCUN was correlated with the score of the auditory verbal learning test immediate recall task in AD patients (r = 0.441, p = 0.003, Bonferroni corrected). CONCLUSION Disruptions in connectivity between the NAc subregions and important cognitive-related areas may be related to the cognitive deficits observed in AD patients, especially episodic memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefan Yu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Feng
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohai Ren
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqi Xing
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ulugut H, Mandelli ML, Gilioli A, Ezzes Z, Pillai J, Baquirin D, Wallman-Jones A, Gerenza A, Palser ER, Scheffler A, Battistella G, Cobigo Y, Rosen HJ, Miller Z, Younes K, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Seeley WW, Sturm VE, Rankin KP, Gorno-Tempini ML. Network changes associated with right anterior temporal lobe atrophy: insight into unique symptoms. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.01.29.25321213. [PMID: 39974134 PMCID: PMC11838653 DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.29.25321213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
Semantic behavioral variant (also referred to as right temporal) frontotemporal dementia is a newly described syndrome associated with focal right anterior temporal lobe atrophy and a distinctive combination of behavioral and semantic changes. It is considered the right-sided counterpart of semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, with which it has overlapping neuropathological and cognitive mechanisms. Although more is known about how brain network alterations relate to both losses (e.g., word comprehension deficits) and gains (e.g., hyper-fluency) in cognitive and behavioral processes in the left-sided semantic progressive aphasia, less is known about these phenomena in the right-sided semantic behavioral variant. In this study, we investigated functional connectivity within the right counterparts of established ventral and dorsal cortical speech and language networks and their relationship to specific clinical manifestations in individuals with the semantic behavioral variant. We hypothesized that socioemotional-semantic deficits would be associated with reduced connectivity in the right ventral semantic network, while heightened behavioral manifestations, such as hyper-focus on specific interests (also referred to as rigidity), would be associated with increased connectivity in the right dorsal network. Using seed-based intrinsic connectivity analyses of fMRI data and cognitive scores from 22 individuals with semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and 48 cognitively normal individuals, we measured intrinsic connectivity strength in networks anchored in the right anterior middle temporal gyrus (ventral network) and in the right opercular inferior frontal gyrus (dorsal network). Functional connectivity values were then correlated with cognitive and behavioral measurements, controlling for global atrophy. Compared to the control group, individuals with semantic behavioral variant exhibited reduced connectivity in the ventral network ( t = 2.7, P = 0.003), which was associated with socioemotional-semantic deficits ( r = 0.47, P = 0.03), as measured by standardized tests. Conversely, increased functional connectivity was observed in the spared right dorsal network ( t = 4.26, P < 0.001), which correlated with heightened scores for hyper-focus on fixed interests, as measured by retrospective ratings of medical notes ( r = 0.63, P = 0.002). Together with previous evidence, these findings suggest that in individuals with focal anterior temporal lobe atrophy, enhanced behaviors such as hyper-focus and hyper-fluency are associated with altered functional dynamics within networks that remain relatively spared by the disease process. This highlights the complex interplay between damaged and spared networks in shaping the clinical manifestations of semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
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Sokołowski A, Brown JA, Roy ARK, Cryns N, Scheffler A, Hardy EG, Datta S, Seeley WW, Sturm VE, Miller BL, Rosen HJ, Perry DC. Structural and functional correlates of olfactory reward processing in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Cortex 2024; 181:47-58. [PMID: 39488010 PMCID: PMC11809299 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) includes symptoms that reflect altered pursuit of rewards, including food, alcohol, and money. Little is known, however, about how these reward changes relate to atrophy and functional connectivity within reward-related regions. The goal of this study was to examine the structural and functional correlates of valence perception for olfactory rewards in 24 patients with bvFTD. Regression analysis of resting-state brain functional connectivity indicated that more positive valence ratings of olfactory stimuli were predicted by ventral pallidum connectivity to other reward circuit regions, particularly functional connectivity between ventral pallidum and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Structural analysis showed that atrophy of the anterior cingulate cortex was also significantly associated with perceiving stimuli as more rewarding. Finally, there was a significant interaction between ventral pallidum connectivity and atrophy of the anterior cingulate cortex. More specifically, the ventral pallidum connectivity had a greater effect on the positive perception of olfactory stimuli in the setting of low anterior cingulate cortex volume. These findings indicate that atrophy and functional connectivity within reward-relevant regions exert independent and interacting effects on the perception of pleasantness in bvFTD, potentially due to changes in hedonic "liking" signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Sokołowski
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashlin R K Roy
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Noah Cryns
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Scheffler
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily G Hardy
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samir Datta
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Virginia E Sturm
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David C Perry
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Rouse MA, Halai AD, Ramanan S, Rogers TT, Garrard P, Patterson K, Rowe JB, Lambon Ralph MA. Social-semantic knowledge in frontotemporal dementia and after anterior temporal lobe resection. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae378. [PMID: 39513090 PMCID: PMC11542483 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Degraded semantic memory is a prominent feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). It is classically associated with semantic dementia and anterior temporal lobe (ATL) atrophy, but semantic knowledge can also be compromised in behavioural variant FTD. Motivated by understanding behavioural change in FTD, recent research has focused selectively on social-semantic knowledge, with proposals that the right ATL is specialized for social concepts. Previous studies have assessed very different types of social concepts and have not compared performance with that of matched non-social concepts. Consequently, it remains unclear to what extent various social concepts are (i) concurrently impaired in FTD, (ii) distinct from general semantic memory and (iii) differentially supported by the left and right ATL. This study assessed multiple aspects of social-semantic knowledge and general conceptual knowledge across cohorts with ATL damage arising from either neurodegeneration or resection. We assembled a test battery measuring knowledge of multiple types of social concept. Performance was compared with non-social general conceptual knowledge, measured using the Cambridge Semantic Memory Test Battery and other matched non-social-semantic tests. Our trans-diagnostic approach included behavioural variant FTD, semantic dementia and 'mixed' intermediate cases to capture the FTD clinical spectrum, as well as age-matched healthy controls. People with unilateral left or right ATL resection for temporal lobe epilepsy were also recruited to assess how selective damage to the left or right ATL impacts social- and non-social-semantic knowledge. Social- and non-social-semantic deficits were severe and highly correlated in FTD. Much milder impairments were found after unilateral ATL resection, with no left versus right differences in social-semantic knowledge or general semantic processing and with only naming showing a greater deficit following left versus right damage. A principal component analysis of all behavioural measures in the FTD cohort extracted three components, interpreted as capturing (i) FTD severity, (ii) semantic memory and (iii) executive function. Social and non-social measures both loaded heavily on the same semantic memory component, and scores on this factor were uniquely associated with bilateral ATL grey matter volume but not with the degree of ATL asymmetry. Together, these findings demonstrate that both social- and non-social-semantic knowledge degrade in FTD (semantic dementia and behavioural variant FTD) following bilateral ATL atrophy. We propose that social-semantic knowledge is part of a broader conceptual system underpinned by a bilaterally implemented, functionally unitary semantic hub in the ATLs. Our results also highlight the value of a trans-diagnostic approach for investigating the neuroanatomical underpinnings of cognitive deficits in FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Rouse
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Ajay D Halai
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Siddharth Ramanan
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Timothy T Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Peter Garrard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Karalyn Patterson
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
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Shaw SR, Horne KS, Piguet O, Ahmed RM, Whitton AE, Irish M. Profiles of motivational impairment and their relationship to functional decline in frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol 2024; 271:4963-4971. [PMID: 38758282 PMCID: PMC11319612 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Motivational disturbances are pervasive in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and impact negatively on everyday functioning. Despite mounting evidence of anhedonia in FTD, it remains unclear how such changes fit within the broader motivational symptom profile of FTD, or how anhedonia relates to functional outcomes. Here we sought to comprehensively characterize motivational disturbances in FTD and their respective relationships with functional impairment. A cross-sectional study design was used including 211 participants-68 behavioral-variant FTD (bvFTD), 32 semantic dementia (SD), 43 Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 68 healthy older control participants. Anhedonia severity was measured using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale while severity of apathy was assessed across Emotional, Executive, and Initiation dimensions using the Dimensional Apathy Scale. Functional impairment was established using the FTD Functional Rating Scale (FRS). Distinct motivational profiles emerged in each dementia syndrome: a domain-general motivational impairment in bvFTD; a predominantly anhedonic profile in SD; and more pronounced initiation and executive apathy in AD. Correlation analyses revealed differential associations between motivational symptoms and severity of functional impairment in each group. Executive apathy was associated with functional impairment in bvFTD, while anhedonia was strongly correlated with functional decline in SD. Finally, executive and emotional apathy were associated with functional decline in AD. Our study indicates distinct profiles of apathy and anhedonia in FTD syndromes, which in turn are differentially associated with functional decline. This detailed characterization of motivational phenotypes can inform patient stratification for targeted interventions to improve functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhán R Shaw
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristina S Horne
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Ahmed
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexis E Whitton
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Horne K, Ahmed RM, Piguet O, Irish M. Establishing the link between motivational disturbances and behavioural rigidity in frontotemporal dementia. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16132. [PMID: 37933881 PMCID: PMC11235754 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rigid and inflexible behaviours are common in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), manifesting in compulsive pursuit of specific interests, routines, and rituals. Paradoxically, these changes occur alongside profound motivational disturbances including apathy and anhedonia. While posited to be related, no study to date has explored the link between motivational changes and behavioural rigidity in FTD. METHODS Carer ratings for 71 FTD participants (26 semantic dementia [SD], 45 behavioural variant [bvFTD]) were obtained on the Dimensional Apathy Scale (apathy), the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (hedonic tone) and the Cambridge Behavioural Inventory-Revised (CBI-R; behavioural changes). A rigidity index was created from existing items on the CBI-R. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry was used to explore associations between rigidity and grey matter intensity in the combined FTD group. RESULTS Behavioural rigidity was significantly related to apathy severity (r = 0.57) and decreased hedonic tone (r = -0.36) in the combined FTD group. Multiple linear regression revealed a significant diagnosis × hedonic tone interaction (β = -1.40), whereby lower hedonic tone predicted rigidity in SD (r = -0.65) but not in bvFTD (r = -0.18). In contrast, the relationship between rigidity and apathy did not differ between the groups (β = -0.42). At the neural level, rigidity correlated with degeneration of predominantly right-sided frontostriatal structures including, notably, the nucleus accumbens. CONCLUSIONS As the first study to demonstrate a link between motivational changes and behavioural rigidity in FTD, our findings have important clinical implications. By identifying candidate mechanisms of behavioural rigidity, our findings can inform targeted interventions to manage inflexible patterns of thought and behaviour in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Horne
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind CentreSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- The University of Sydney, School of PsychologySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rebekah M. Ahmed
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind CentreSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- The University of Sydney, School of Medical SciencesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical NeurosciencesRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind CentreSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- The University of Sydney, School of PsychologySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Muireann Irish
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind CentreSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- The University of Sydney, School of PsychologySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Ngo S, Jackson AJ, Manivannan M, Young JC, Leggins B, Cryns NG, Tran ST, Grant HE, Knudtson MV, Chiong W. Real World Financial Mismanagement in Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, and Primary Progressive Aphasia. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:251-262. [PMID: 38669528 PMCID: PMC11132181 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Whereas clinical experience in dementia indicates high risk for financial mismanagement, there has been little formal study of real world financial errors in dementia. Objective We aimed to compare caregiver-reported financial mistakes among people with Alzheimer's disease, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Methods Caregivers reported whether participants with dementia had made financial mistakes within the last year; and if so, categorized these as resulting from: (a) being too trusting or gullible, (b) being wasteful or careless with money, or (c) trouble with memory. In a pre-registered analysis https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-vupj7-v1), we examined the hypotheses that (1) financial mistakes due to impaired socioemotional function and diminished sensitivity to negative outcomes are more prevalent in bvFTD than in Alzheimer's disease, and (2) financial mistakes due to memory are more prevalent in Alzheimer's disease than in bvFTD. Exploratory analyses addressed vulnerability in PPA and brain-behavior relationships using voxel-based morphometry. Results Concordant with our first hypothesis, bvFTD was more strongly associated than Alzheimer's disease with mistakes due to being too trusting/gullible or wasteful/careless; contrary to our second hypothesis, both groups were similarly likely to make mistakes due to memory. No differences were found between Alzheimer's disease and PPA. Exploratory analyses indicated associations between financial errors and atrophy in right prefrontal and insular cortex. Conclusions Our findings cohere with documented socioemotional and valuation impairments in bvFTD, and with research indicating comparable memory impairment between bvFTD and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ngo
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ashley J Jackson
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - J Clayton Young
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brandon Leggins
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Noah G Cryns
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheila T Tran
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harli E Grant
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marguerite V Knudtson
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Winston Chiong
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Tiwari VK, Indic P, Tabassum S. A Study on Machine Learning Models in Detecting Cognitive Impairments in Alzheimer's Patients Using Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2024; 39:15333175241308645. [PMID: 39657974 PMCID: PMC11632866 DOI: 10.1177/15333175241308645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
Several research studies have demonstrated the potential use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers such as amyloid beta 1-42, T-tau, and P-tau, in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease stages. The levels of these biomarkers in conjunction with the dementia rating scores are used to empirically differentiate the dementia patients from normal controls. In this work, we evaluated the performance of standard machine learning classifiers using cerebrospinal fluid biomarker levels as the features to differentiate dementia patients from normal controls. We employed various types of machine learning models, that includes Discriminant, Logistic Regression, Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes classifiers. The results demonstrate that these models can distinguish cognitively impaired subjects from normal controls with an accuracy ranging from 64% to 69% and an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics between 0.64 and 0.73. In addition, we found that the levels of 2 biomarkers, amyloid beta 1-42 and T-tau, provide a modest improvement in accuracy when distinguishing dementia patients from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Tiwari
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Premananda Indic
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Shawana Tabassum
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
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