1
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Molecular pathways of oral submucous fibrosis and its progression to malignancy. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 148:105644. [PMID: 36804642 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The review aims to comprehend various factors engaged in the alteration of molecular events resulting in Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and its malignant transformation. DESIGN Literature pertinent to pathways involved in OSMF were explored in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The relevant literature was reviewed and critically appraised in this narrative review. RESULTS Areca nut components influence myriad of cellular molecules such as cytokines, growth factors, myofibroblasts, non-coding RNAs and alter their expression. These aberrantly expressed molecules drive the progression of OSMF from localized inflammation to fibrosis of buccal mucosa. The oral tissue suffers from oxidative stress, hypoxia, autophagy, aberration of cell cycle and DNA damage. Apoptosis of epithelial layer results in its atrophy facilitating deeper penetration of areca nut elements. With the advance of disease, epithelial-mesenchymal transition eventuates and promotes dysplasia. The jeopardized expression of various cellular molecules, suppressed apoptosis, along with increased genetic alterations and neovascularization favors the malignant transformation. CONCLUSION OSMF is a progressive disorder with complex mechanism of pathogenesis initiated by inflammation of oral mucosa. Continuous habit of areca nut chewing and the resulting insult to the tissues prevents healing process and is destined to debilitating disease which affects the quality of life with a higher probability of progression to malignancy.
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Senevirathna K, Pradeep R, Jayasinghe YA, Jayawickrama SM, Illeperuma R, Warnakulasuriya S, Jayasinghe RD. Carcinogenic Effects of Areca Nut and Its Metabolites: A Review of the Experimental Evidence. Clin Pract 2023; 13:326-346. [PMID: 36961055 PMCID: PMC10037666 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancers (OC) are among the most frequent malignancies encountered in Southeast Asia, primarily due to the prevalent habit of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco use in this region. Areca nut (AN), the primary ingredient in BQ, contains several alkaloids, including arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline, and guvacine. These have been associated with both the AN abuse liability and carcinogenicity. Additionally, variations in AN alkaloid levels could lead to differences in the addictiveness and carcinogenic potential across various AN-containing products. Recent studies based on animal models and in vitro experiments show cellular and molecular effects induced by AN. These comprise promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy initiation, tissue hypoxia, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and cell death. Further, clinical research endorses these undesired harmful effects in humans. Oral submucosal fibrosis, a potentially malignant disease of the oral cavity, is predominantly reported from the geographical areas of the globe where AN is habitually chewed. OC in chronic AN users presents a more aggressive phenotype, such as resistance to anti-cancer drugs. The available evidence on the carcinogenicity of AN based on the findings reported in the recently published experimental studies is discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpani Senevirathna
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Roshan Pradeep
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Yovanthi Anurangi Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Shalindu Malshan Jayawickrama
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Rasika Illeperuma
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College, London SE1 9RA, UK
| | - Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer (CROC), Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
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Genetic and epigenetic instability induced by betel quid associated chemicals. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:223-234. [PMID: 36845258 PMCID: PMC9945799 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years, betel quid chewing and tobacco use have attracted considerable interest as they are implicated as the most likely causative risk factors of oral and esophageal cancers. Although areca nut use and betel quid chewing may lead to apoptosis, chronic exposure to areca nut and slaked lime may promote pre-malignant and malignant transformation of oral cells. The putative mutagenic and carcinogenic mechanisms may involve endogenous nitrosation of areca and tobacco alkaloids as well as the presence of direct alkylating agents in betel quid and smokeless tobacco. Metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines by phase-I enzymes is required not only to elicit the genotoxicity via the reactive intermediates but also to potentiate the mutagenicity with the sporadic alkylations of nucleotide bases, resulting in the formation of diverse DNA adducts. Persistent DNA adducts provides the impetus for genetic and epigenetic lesions. The genetic and epigenetic factors cumulatively influence the development and progression of disorders such as cancer. Accumulation of numerous genetic and epigenetic aberrations due to long-term betel quid (with or without tobacco) chewing and tobacco use culminates into the development of head and neck cancers. We review recent evidence that supports putative mechanisms for mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of betel quid chewing along with tobacco (smoking and smokeless) use. The detailed molecular mechanisms of the extent of accumulation and patterns of genetic alterations, indicative of the prior exposure to carcinogens and alkylating agents because of BQ chewing and tobacco use, have not yet been elucidated.
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Chang MC, Chen JH, Lee HN, Chen SY, Zhong BH, Dhingra K, Pan YH, Chang HH, Chen YJ, Jeng JH. Inducing cathepsin L expression/production, lysosomal activation, and autophagy of human dental pulp cells by dentin bonding agents, camphorquinone and BisGMA and the related mechanisms. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213253. [PMID: 36563508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Camphorquinone (CQ) and resin monomers are included in dentin bonding agents (DBAs) and composite resin to restore tooth defects due to abrasion, crown fracture, or dental caries. DBAs, CQ, and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) applications influence the biological activities of the dental pulp. The current investigation aimed to delineate the effect of DBAs, CQ, and BisGMA on cathepsin L production/expression, lysosomal activity, and autophagy induction in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). HDPCs were exposed to DBAs, CQ, or BisGMA with/without inhibitors for 24 h. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the cathepsin L level in culture medium. The cell layer was utilized to measure cell viability by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl -tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression. Western blotting or immunofluorescent staining was used to study protein expression. Lysosomal density was evaluated by lysotracker red staining. We found that DBAs, CQ, and BisGMA stimulated cathepsin L mRNA, protein expression, and production in HDPCs. In addition, CQ and BisGMA induced lysosomal activity, Beclin1, ATG12, LC3B, Bax, and p53 expression in HDPCs, indicating the stimulation of autophagy. Glutathione (GSH) prevented CQ- and BisGMA-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, E64d, cathepsin L inhibitor (two cathepsin inhibitors), and Pifithrin-α (a p53 inhibitor) showed little preventive effect toward CQ- and BisGMA-induced cytotoxicity. Autophagy inhibitors (NH4Cl, Lys05) mildly enhanced the CQ- and BisGMA-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicate that DBAs stimulated cathepsin L, possibly due to their content of CQ and BisGMA that may induce cathepsin L in HDPCs. CQ and BisGMA stimulated lysosomal activity, autophagy, and apoptosis, possibly via induction of Beclin 1, ATG12, LC-3B, Bax, and p53 expression. In addition, CQ and BisGMA cytotoxicity was related to redox change and autophagy. These events are important role in pulpal changes after the restoration of tooth decay using CQ- and BisGMA-containing DBAs and resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hao Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Na Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyuan-Yow Chen
- Department of Dentistry, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Hao Zhong
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kunaal Dhingra
- Periodontics Division, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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5
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Tsai YL, Wang CY, Chuang FH, Pan YH, Lin YR, Dhingra K, Liao PS, Huang FS, Chang MC, Jeng JH. Stimulation phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysacch aride mediates interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 mRNA/protein expression in pulpal inflammation. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:47-57. [PMID: 36031486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The signaling mechanisms for Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS)-induced inflammation in human dental pulp cells are not fully clarified. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in PgLPS-induced pulpal inflammation. METHODS Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) were challenged with PgLPS with or without pretreatment and coincubation with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002). The gene or protein levels of PI3K, Akt, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin and osteonectin were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescent staining. In addition, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze IL-6 and IL-8 levels in culture medium. RESULTS In response to 5 μg/ml PgLPS, IL-6, IL-8, and PI3K, but not Akt mRNA expression of HDPCs, was upregulated. IL-6, IL-8, PI3K, and p-Akt protein levels were stimulated by 10-50 μg/ml of PgLPS in HDPCs. PgLPS also induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion at concentrations higher than 5 μg/ml. Pretreatment and co-incubation by LY294002 attenuated PgLPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression in HDPCs. The mRNA expression of ALP, but not osteocalcin and osteonectin, was inhibited by higher concentrations of PgLPS in HDPCs. CONCLUSION P. gingivalis contributes to pulpal inflammation in HDPCs by dysregulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to stimulate IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA/protein expression and secretion. These results are useful for understanding the pulpal inflammation and possible biomarkers of inflamed pulp diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Tsai
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ying Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsiung Chuang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ru Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kunaal Dhingra
- Periodontics Division, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pai-Shien Liao
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Shung Huang
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chi Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Singh R, Rana AK, Johri N. Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Association of Clinical and Histological Severity with Hearing Loss and Middle Ear Function. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:4441-4449. [PMID: 36742817 PMCID: PMC9895237 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OSMF is a precancerous condition of the oral cavity. Cons umption of Areca nut in quid has been proved to be the most consistent factor. To assess middle ear function in OSMF patients by audiometry and tympanometry. Two Hundred patients of < 40 years of age with OSMF were examined and followed by PTA and impedance audiometry. Impaired mobility was seen in 20(10%) ears, and retraction of tympanic membrane was found in 36(18%) ears. Clinical staging was done in four stages. Majority of the patients were males (58%) in the age group of 21-30 years belonging to stage III (38%) and IV (26%) respectively. PTA showed varying degrees of hearing loss in 73 (36.5%) ears. In Grade I, mild hearing loss was seen in 10 (35.71%) ears and moderately severe hearing loss was in 5 (11.36%) ears whereas in Grade II mild hearing loss in 11(25%) ears. Grade III and IV showed mild hearing loss in 11(14.47%) and 12 (23.07%) respectively. Tympanometry revealed type A curve in 126 (63%) ears followed by C curve in 50 (25%) and B curve in 24 (12%) ears. In patients of OSMF, there is involvement of palatal/paratubal muscles in the fibrosis process, which causes eustachian tube malfunction leading to disturbed middle ear functions and negative middle ear pressure. Most patients of oral submucous fibrosis showed direct association with grade of hearing impairment and eustachian tube dysfunction. Higher clinical grades, both clinically and histologically showed similar findings thereby we concluded that if the disease is treated early, preventing patients from having higher grades of disease, involvement of ear can be avoided, and patients can be saved from hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Singh
- Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, Government of Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Amit Kumar Rana
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India
| | - Nidhi Johri
- Department of Pathology, SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India
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Lu HJ, Chuang CY, Su CW, Chen MK, Yang WE, Yeh CM, Tang CH, Lin CW, Yang SF. Role of TNFSF15 variants in oral cancer development and clinicopathologic characteristics. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5452-5462. [PMID: 36226563 PMCID: PMC9639028 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis family superfamily (TNFSF) member 15 (TNFSF15), encoded by TNFSF15, regulates immune responses and inflammation. However, the roles of TNFSF15 single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs; formerly SNPs) in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) remain unclear. This case–control study included 2523 participants (1324 patients with OCSCC [52.5%] and 1199 healthy controls [47.5%]). The effects of TNFSF15 rs3810936, rs6478108 and rs6478109 on cancer development and prognosis were analysed by real‐time PCR genotype assay. The Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were used to validate our findings. The results demonstrated that the patients with altered TNFSF15 SNVs had poorer histological differentiation than did those with wild‐type alleles. TNFSF15 SNVs were significantly associated with moderate‐to‐poor histological differentiation in univariate logistic regression. In the GTEx database, the expression of altered TNFSF15 SNVs in whole blood was lower than that of wild‐type alleles. However, the expression of altered SNVs in the upper aerodigestive mucosa was higher than that of wild‐type alleles. In the TCGA database, the patients with higher TNFSF15 expression had shorter overall survival than did those with lower TNFSF15 expression, especially for human papillomavirus‐negative and advanced staging groups. In conclusion, although TNFSF15 SNVs did not affect OCSCC development, the patients with altered TNFSF15 SNVs exhibited poorer histological differentiation. The patients with higher TNFSF15 expression had poorer prognosis than did those with lower TNFSF15 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Ju Lu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Su
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Oral cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Oral cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Saso L, Reza A, Ng E, Nguyen K, Lin S, Zhang P, Fantozzi PJ, Armagan G, Romeo U, Cirillo N. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Chemoprevention of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050868. [PMID: 35624733 PMCID: PMC9137539 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). It is described as a scarring disease of the oral mucosa associated with excess oxidants and insufficient antioxidants. While it is becoming increasingly accepted that oxidative stress results in excessive accumulation of collagen and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues, there is limited data regarding the moderation of oxidative stress to initiate or prevent OSMF. To assess the scope for mechanism-based approaches to prevent or reverse OSMF, we systematically evaluated the existing literature and investigated the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and chemoprevention of OSMF. A search for relevant articles on PubMed and Scopus was undertaken using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 78 articles were selected in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The articles eligible for assessment investigated both OSMF and/or oxidative stress biomarkers or specific antioxidants. Both in vitro and human studies consistently demonstrated variations in oxidative stress biomarker levels in OSMF and revealed an increase in oxidative stress, paralleling the development of the disease. Furthermore, the use of antioxidant supplements was overall associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes. Having identified the significance of oxidative stress in OSMF and the therapeutic potential of antioxidant supplements, this scoping review highlights the need for further well-designed studies in the development of mechanism-based interventions for managing OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ahmad Reza
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (A.R.); (E.N.); (K.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Emily Ng
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (A.R.); (E.N.); (K.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Kimtrang Nguyen
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (A.R.); (E.N.); (K.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Sheng Lin
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (A.R.); (E.N.); (K.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Paolo Junior Fantozzi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta, 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.J.F.); (U.R.)
| | - Guliz Armagan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Umberto Romeo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta, 6, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.J.F.); (U.R.)
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia; (A.R.); (E.N.); (K.N.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Chang MC, Wang TM, Chien HH, Pan YH, Tsai YL, Jeng PY, Lin LD, Jeng JH. Effect of butyrate, a bacterial by-product, on the viability and ICAM-1 expression/production of human vascular endothelial cells: Role in infectious pulpal/periapical diseases. Int Endod J 2021; 55:38-53. [PMID: 34420220 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of butyric acid (BA), a metabolic product generated by pulp and root canal pathogens, on the viability and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) production of endothelial cells, which are crucial to angiogenesis and pulpal/periapical wound healing. METHODOLOGY Endothelial cells were exposed to butyrate with/without inhibitors. Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated using an MTT assay, PI/annexin V and DCF fluorescence flow cytometry respectively. RNA and protein expression was determined using a polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The quantitative results were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE) of the mean. The data were analysed using a paired Student's t-test where necessary. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference between groups. RESULTS Butyrate (>4 mM) inhibited cell viability and induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis. It inhibited cyclin B1 but stimulated p21 and p27 expression. Butyrate stimulated ROS production and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression as well as activated the Ac-H3, p-ATM, p-ATR, p-Chk1, p-Chk2, p-p38 and p-Akt expression of endothelial cells. Butyrate stimulated ICAM-1 mRNA/protein expression and significant sICAM-1 production (p < .05). Superoxide dismutase, 5z-7oxozeaenol, SB203580 and compound C (p < .05), but not ZnPP, CGK733, AZD7762 or LY294002, attenuated butyrate cytotoxicity to endothelial cells. Notably, little effect on butyrate-stimulated sICAM-1 secretion was found. Valproic acid, phenylbutyrate and trichostatin (three histone deacetylase inhibitors) significantly induced sICAM-1 production (p < .05). CONCLUSION Butyric acid inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, stimulated ROS and HO-1 production and increased ICAM-1 mRNA expression and protein synthesis in endothelial cells. Cell viability affected by BA was diminished by some inhibitors; however, the increased sICAM-1 secretion by BA was not affected by any of the tested inhibitors. These results facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of pulpal/periapical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Mei Wang
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Hong Chien
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Tsai
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Deh Lin
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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10
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Su SC, Chang LC, Huang HD, Peng CY, Chuang CY, Chen YT, Lu MY, Chiu YW, Chen PY, Yang SF. Oral microbial dysbiosis and its performance in predicting oral cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:127-135. [PMID: 32621740 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of oral microbiome may dictate the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Yet, the composition of oral microbiome fluctuates by saliva and distinct sites of oral cavity and is affected by risky behaviors (smoking, drinking and betel quid chewing) and individuals' oral health condition. To characterize the disturbances in the oral microbial population mainly due to oral tumorigenicity, we profiled the bacteria within the surface of OSCC lesion and its contralateral normal tissue from discovery (n = 74) and validation (n = 42) cohorts of male patients with cancers of the buccal mucosa. Significant alterations in the bacterial diversity and relative abundance of specific oral microbiota (most profoundly, an enrichment for genus Fusobacterium and the loss of genus Streptococcus in the tumor sites) were identified. Functional prediction of oral microbiome shown that microbial genes related to the metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides were differentially enriched between the control and tumor groups, indicating a functional role of oral microbiome in formulating a tumor microenvironment via attenuated biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with anti-cancer effects. Furthermore, the vast majority of microbial signatures detected in the discovery cohort was generalized well to the independent validation cohort, and the clinical validity of these OSCC-associated microbes was observed and successfully replicated. Overall, our analyses reveal signatures (a profusion of Fusobacterium nucleatum CTI-2 and a decrease in Streptococcus pneumoniae) and functions (decreased production of tumor-suppressive metabolites) of oral microbiota related to oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Central Research Laboratory, XiaMen Chang Gung Hospital, XiaMen, China
| | - Lun-Ching Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- School of Life and Health Sciences.,Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chih-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chiu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yin Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Rajedadram A, Pin KY, Ling SK, Yan SW, Looi ML. Hydroxychavicol, a polyphenol from Piper betle leaf extract, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TP53-resistant HT-29 colon cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:112-122. [PMID: 33615752 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the antiproliferative mechanism of hydroxychavicol (HC). Its effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in HT-29 colon cancer cells were investigated. HC was isolated from Piper betle leaf (PBL) and verified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxic effects of the standard drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), PBL water extract, and HC on HT-29 cells were measured after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. Cell cycle and apoptosis modulation by 5-FU and HC treatments were investigated up to 30 h. Changes in phosphorylated JNK (pJNK) and P38 (pP38) MAPK expression were observed up to 18 h. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of HC (30 μg/mL) and PBL water extract (380 μg/mL) were achieved at 24 h, whereas the IC50 of 5-FU (50 μmol/L) was obtained at 72 h. Cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in HC-treated cells was observed from 12 h onwards. Higher apoptotic cell death in HC-treated cells compared to 5-FU-treated cells (P<0.05) was observed. High expression of pJNK and pP38 MAPK was observed at 12 h in HC-treated cells, but not in 5-FU-treated HT-29 cells (P<0.05). It is concluded that HC induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HT-29 cells, with these actions possibly mediated by JNK and P38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiysvariyah Rajedadram
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kar Yong Pin
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - Sui Kiong Ling
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - See Wan Yan
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Mee Lee Looi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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12
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Chang MC, Tang CM, Lin YH, Liu HC, Wang TM, Lan WC, Cheng RH, Lin YR, Chang HH, Jeng JH. Toxic mechanisms of Roth801, Canals, microparticles and nanoparticles of ZnO on MG-63 osteoblasts. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111635. [PMID: 33321673 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ZnO eugenol-based materials are widely used for restoration of caries cavity, apical retrograde filling and root canal sealer. Their effects on apical bone healing await investigation. The toxic mechanisms of ZnO particles and nanoparticles to MG-63 osteoblastic cells were studied. We found the different morphology and size of various particles as observed by scanning electron microscope. Particles of Canals and Roth801 were larger than ZnO-205532 microparticles and ZnO-677450 nanoparticles. Four ZnO particles showed cytotoxicity (>25 μg/ml) as analyzed by MTT. Transmission electron microscope found intracellular vacuoles with particle content. Exposure to ZnO particles induced ROS production and cell cycle arrest as studied by DCF and propidium iodide flow cytometry. ZnO particles activated ATM, ATR, Chk1, Chk2, γ-H2AX, ERK and p38 phosphorylation as detected by immunofluorescent staining and western blotting. The protein expression of cdc2, cyclin B1 and cdc25C were decreased, whereas GADD45α and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were stimulated. ZnO particles' cytotoxicity to MG63 cells was prevented by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), but not CGK733, AZD7762, U0126 and SB203580. ZnO showed little effect on IL-8 and sICAM-1 secretion. These results indicated that ZnO particles are toxic to osteoblasts. ZnO particles' toxicity were related to ROS, and DNA damage responses, checkpoint kinases, cell cycle arrest, ERK and p38 signaling, but not IL-8 and ICAM-1. These results were useful for materials' development and promote apical healing. Dentists should avoid of extruding ZnO-based sealers excessively over root apex and prevent residual ZnO-based retrograde filling materials in apical area during endodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mei Tang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | | | - Tong-Mei Wang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Lan
- Department of Oral Hygiene Care, Ching Kuo Institute of Management & Health, Keelong, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Hsiu Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ru Lin
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Genetic Susceptibility and Protein Expression of Extracellular Matrix Turnover-Related Genes in Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218104. [PMID: 33143101 PMCID: PMC7663238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) chewing increased the risk of oral cancer and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), an oral premalignant disorder (OPMD) with malignant transformation potential. BQ components such as areca nut (AN), trauma by coarse AN fiber, catechin, copper, alkaloids, stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation and cytotoxicity are suggested to be the contributing factors. They may induce tissue inflammation, proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen deposition, myofibroblast differentiation and contraction, collagen cross-links and inhibit collagen phagocytosis, finally leading to the development of OSMF and oral cancer. These events are mediated by BQ components-induced changes of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover via regulation of TGF-β1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), cystatin, lysyl oxidase (LOX) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and metalloproteinases (MMPs). Genetic susceptibility is also involved in these disease processes. Further understanding the molecular mechanisms of BQ-induced OSMF and oral cancer can be helpful for future disease prevention and treatment.
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14
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Liu FL, Chen CL, Lai CC, Lee CC, Chang DM. Arecoline suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and attenuates LPS-induced bone loss in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 69:153195. [PMID: 32200293 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Areca nut has anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, and antidepressant properties. The pathological hallmarks of inflammatory joint diseases are an increased number of osteoclasts and impaired differentiation of osteoblasts, which may disrupt the bone remodeling balance and eventually lead to bone loss. PURPOSE The present study assessed the effects of arecoline, the main alkaloid found in areca nut, on osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and function. METHOD M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were incubated with several concentrations of arecoline, and TRAP staining and pit formation were assessed to monitor osteoclast formation. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to analyze the expression of osteoclast-associated genes and signaling pathways. The effects of arecoline on bone were investigated in an in vivo mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced trabecular bone loss after oral administration of arecoline. Alizarin red S staining and assays to measure ALP activity and the transcription level of osteoblast-related genes were used to evaluate the effects of arecoline on osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. RESULTS In a dose-dependent manner, arecoline at concentrations of 50-100 μM reduced both the development of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the formation of resorption pits in M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs. In M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs, arecoline also suppressed the expression and translocation of c-Fos and NFATcl, and osteoclast differentiated-related genes via interference with the AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB activation pathways. Femur bone loss and microcomputed tomography parameters were recovered by oral administration of arecoline in the mouse LPS-induced bone loss model. Lastly, arecoline increased ALP activity, bone mineralization, and the expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes, such as ALP and Runx2, in MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that arecoline may attenuate or prevent bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteoblastogenesis. These findings provide evidence supporting arecoline's use as a potential therapeutic agent in bone-loss disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Lan Liu
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Biobank Management Center of the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institutes of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Lai
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chung Lee
- Graduate Institutes of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Deh-Ming Chang
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institutes of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Chang MC, Pan YH, Wu HL, Lu YJ, Liao WC, Yeh CY, Lee JJ, Jeng JH. Stimulation of MMP-9 of oral epithelial cells by areca nut extract is related to TGF-β/Smad2-dependent and -independent pathways and prevented by betel leaf extract, hydroxychavicol and melatonin. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11624-11639. [PMID: 31831717 PMCID: PMC6932916 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are 200-600 million betel quid (BQ) chewers in the world. BQ increases oral cancer risk. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is responsible for matrix degradation, cancer invasion and metastasis. Whether areca nut extract (ANE), a BQ component, stimulates MMP-9 secretion, and the related signaling pathways awaits investigation. RESULTS ANE (but not arecoline) stimulated MMP-9 production of gingival keratinocytes and SAS cancer epithelial cells. ANE stimulated TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-TAK1 protein expression. ANE-induced MMP-9 production/expression in SAS cells can be attenuated by SB431542 (ALK5/Smad2 inhibitor), 5Z-7-Oxozeaenol (TAK1 inhibitor), catalase, PD153035 (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor), AG490 (JAK inhibitor), U0126 (MEK/ERK inhibitor), LY294002 (PI3K/Akt inhibitor), betel leaf (PBL) extract, and hydroxychavicol (HC, a PBL component), and melatonin, but not by aspirin. CONCLUSIONS AN components contribute to oral carcinogenesis by stimulating MMP-9 secretion, thus enhancing tumor invasion/metastasis. These events are related to reactive oxygen species, TGF-β1, Smad2-dependent and -independent signaling, but not COX. These signaling molecules can be biomarkers of BQ carcinogenesis. PBL, HC and melatonin and other targeting therapy can be used for oral cancer treatment. METHODS ANE-induced MMP-9 expression/secretion of oral epithelial cells and related TGF-β1, Smad-dependent and -independent signaling were studied by MTT assay, RT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescent staining, and ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsyueh-Liang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Lu
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chuen Liao
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yang Yeh
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Jaer Lee
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College, and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Rangaswamy S, Chikkalingaiah RG, Sharada P, Kumar VK. Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical pilot study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:301. [PMID: 31516243 PMCID: PMC6714286 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_191_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is associated with inflammatory changes in at least some stages of the disease. Prostaglandin is one of the main inflammatory mediators and its production is controlled by various enzymes such as cyclooxygenase (COX). The genetic and pharmacological data strongly indicate that COX-2 should be investigated as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of OSF. Methodology The study group comprised histologically confirmed specimens (n = 10 each) of early OSF, moderate OSF, advanced OSF and normal oral mucosa for comparison. Immunohistochemistry was performed with avidin-biotin technique and evaluated with scoring methods. Results The difference in percentage of expression in normal tissue and OSF was statistically highly significant (P < 0.001). Positive COX-2 exhibited cytoplasmic staining. One-way analysis of variances test was performed to evaluate COX-2 expression in different grades of OSF. Cytoplasmic staining assessed in terms of intensity, percentage of expression and Q Score did not show any statistical difference (percentage of expression F = 0.029, P = 0.971; Q Score F = 0.154, P = 0.858). Conclusions Our study indicates that COX-2 may be an important marker of disease progression and might be a reliable prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Rangaswamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajarajeshwari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - P Sharada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinod K Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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17
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Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Review on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122940. [PMID: 31208114 PMCID: PMC6627879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is characterized by abnormal collagen deposition. It is a precancerous disorder and transforms into a malignant tumor in 1.5–15% of all cases. Symptoms include submucous fibrosis, ulceration, xerostomia, a burning sensation, and restricted mouth opening. All of these greatly interfere with patient quality of life. The present review introduces OSF from a molecular perspective and summarizes what is known about its underlying mechanisms, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic interventions. In addition to the aggressive treatment of OSF, its prevention is also important. Future research should, therefore, focus on improving the oral health literacy of the patients susceptible to OSF.
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18
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Hung WC, Tsai CM, Lin CW, Chuang CY, Yang SF, Weng CJ. Leptin -2548 G/A polymorphisms are associated to clinical progression of oral cancer and sensitive to oral tumorization in nonsmoking population. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15145-15156. [PMID: 31021458 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is causally associated with environmental carcinogens, and the susceptibility to carcinogen-mediated tumorigenesis is proposed to be genotype-dependent. Leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) both play a crucial role in the mediation of physiological reactions and carcinogenesis and may serve as a candidate biomarker of oral cancer. The current case-control study aimed to examine the effects of LEP -2548 G/A (rs7799039), LEPR K109R (rs1137100), and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with or without interacting to environmental carcinogens on the risk for oral squamous cell carcinoma. The SNPs of three genetic allele, from 567 patients with oral cancer and 560 healthy controls in Taiwan were analyzed. The results shown that the patients with polymorphic allele of LEP -2548 have a significant low risk for the development of clinical stage (A/G: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.670, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.454-0.988, P < 0.05; A/G + G/G: AOR = 0.676, 95% CI = 0.467-0.978, P < 0.05) compared to patients with ancestral homozygous A/A genotype. In addition, an interesting result was found that the impact of LEP -2548 G/A SNP on oral carcinogenesis in subjects without tobacco consumption is higher than subjects with tobacco consumption. These results suggest that the genetic polymorphism of LEP -2548 G/A (rs7799039), LEPR K109R (rs1137100), and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) were not associated to the susceptibility of oral cancer; SNP in LEP -2548 G/A showed a poor clinicopathological development of oral cancer; population without tobacco consumption and with polymorphic LEP -2548 G/A gene may significantly increase the risk to have oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Hung
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Man Tsai
- Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Weng
- Department of Living Services Industry, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
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19
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Chang M, Chang B, Pan Y, Lin B, Lian Y, Lee M, Yeung S, Lin L, Jeng J. Antiplatelet, antioxidative, and anti‐inflammatory effects of hydroquinone. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18123-18130. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei‐Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Bei‐En Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology National Taiwan University Medical College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Bor‐Ru Lin
- Department of Diagnotherapeutics National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yun‐Chia Lian
- Department of Dentistry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Shu Lee
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sin‐Yuet Yeung
- Department of Dentistry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Li‐Deh Lin
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jiiang‐Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
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20
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Chang MC, Chen YJ, Lian YC, Chang BE, Huang CC, Huang WL, Pan YH, Jeng JH. Butyrate Stimulates Histone H3 Acetylation, 8-Isoprostane Production, RANKL Expression, and Regulated Osteoprotegerin Expression/Secretion in MG-63 Osteoblastic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124071. [PMID: 30562925 PMCID: PMC6321057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyric acid as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor is produced by a number of periodontal and root canal microorganisms (such as Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, etc.). Butyric acid may affect the biological activities of periodontal/periapical cells such as osteoblasts, periodontal ligament cells, etc., and thus affect periodontal/periapical tissue destruction and healing. The purposes of this study were to study the toxic effects of butyrate on the matrix and mineralization marker expression in MG-63 osteoblasts. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular apoptosis and necrosis were analyzed by propidium iodide/annexin V flow cytometry. The protein and mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) were analyzed by Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). OPG, soluble RANKL (sRANKL), 8-isoprostane, pro-collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), osteonectin (SPARC), osteocalcin and osteopontin (OPN) secretion into culture medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was checked by ALP staining. Histone H3 acetylation levels were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining (IF) and Western blot. We found that butyrate activated the histone H3 acetylation of MG-63 cells. Exposure of MG-63 cells to butyrate partly decreased cell viability with no marked increase in apoptosis and necrosis. Twenty-four hours of exposure to butyrate stimulated RANKL protein expression, whereas it inhibited OPG protein expression. Butyrate also inhibited the secretion of OPG in MG-63 cells, whereas the sRANKL level was below the detection limit. However, 3 days of exposure to butyrate (1 to 8 mM) or other HDAC inhibitors such as phenylbutyrate, valproic acid and trichostatin stimulated OPG secretion. Butyrate stimulated 8-isoprostane, MMP-2 and OPN secretion, but not procollagen I, or osteocalcin in MG-63 cells. Exposure to butyrate (2⁻4 mM) for 3 days markedly stimulated osteonectin secretion and ALP activity. In conclusion, higher concentrations of butyric acid generated by periodontal and root canal microorganisms may potentially induce bone destruction and impair bone repair by the alteration of OPG/RANKL expression/secretion, 8-isoprostane, MMP-2 and OPN secretion, and affect cell viability. However, lower concentrations of butyrate (1⁻4 mM) may stimulate ALP, osteonectin and OPG. These effects are possibly related to increased histone acetylation. These events are important in the pathogenesis and repair of periodontal and periapical destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch, 6th Floor, 199, Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
| | - Yunn-Jy Chen
- School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Chia Lian
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch, 6th Floor, 199, Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
| | - Bei-En Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chia Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 234, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ling Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch, 6th Floor, 199, Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch, 6th Floor, 199, Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
- Graduate Department of Craniofacial Dentistry, Chang-Gung University Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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Chang MC, Lin SI, Pan YH, Lin LD, Wang YL, Yeung SY, Chang HH, Jeng JH. IL-1β-induced ICAM-1 and IL-8 expression/secretion of dental pulp cells is differentially regulated by IRAK and p38. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:1247-1254. [PMID: 30558829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the acute and chronic inflammatory processes of dental pulp. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and IL-8 are two major inflammatory mediators. However, the role of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs) signaling pathways in responsible for the inflammatory effects of IL-1β on dental pulp cells is not clear. METHODS Cultured human dental pulp cells were exposed to IL-1β with/without pretreatment and co-incubation with IRAK1/4 inhibitor or SB203580 (p38 inhibitor). IRAK-1 phosphorylation was evaluated by immunno fluorescent staining. The protein expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 were tested by western blotting. The secretion of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) and IL-8 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). RESULTS IL-1β stimulated IRAK-1 phosphorylation of pulp cells within 120 min of exposure. IRAK1/4 inhibitor attenuated the IL-1β-induced ICAM-1, but not IL-8 protein expression. IRAK1/4 inhibitor also prevented the IL-1β-induced sICAM-1, but not IL-8 secretion. SB203580 showed little effect on IL-1β-induced sICAM-1 secretion, but effectively inhibited its induction of IL-8 secretion in pulp cells. CONCLUSION The Results reveal the important role of IL-1β in pulpal inflammatory responses via stimulation of IL-8 and ICAM-1 expression and secretion. Moreover, IL-1β-induced effects on IL-8 and ICAM-1 are differentially regulated by IRAK1/4 and p38 signaling in dental pulp cells. Blocking of IRAKs and p38 signaling may have potential to control inflammation of dental pulp in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-I Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Deh Lin
- Department of Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Lin Wang
- Department of Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Yuet Yeung
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- Department of Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taiwan.
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- Department of Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taiwan.
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Yen AM, Wang S, Feng S, Lin C, Chen SL. The association between fecal hemoglobin concentration and oral potentially malignant disorders. Oral Dis 2018; 25:108-116. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ming‐Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sen‐Te Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Wei Feng
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Department of DentistryTaipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Che‐Tong Lin
- Department of DentistryTaipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sam Li‐Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Oral Health Care Research Center, College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
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23
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Fang CY, Hsia SM, Hsieh PL, Liao YW, Peng CY, Wu CZ, Lin KC, Tsai LL, Yu CC. Slug mediates myofibroblastic differentiation to promote fibrogenesis in buccal mucosa. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6721-6730. [PMID: 30230545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis; however, the exact role of EMT-inducer Slug in the progression of precancerous oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) has not been investigated. In the current study, we showed that the expression of Slug was upregulated in OSF tissues and associated with various myofibroblast markers. After silence of Slug in fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs), the elevated myofibroblast activities and fibrosis markers were all downregulated. Our data revealed that arecoline, an areca nut alkaloid, increased the expression of Slug in normal BMFs, and inhibition of Slug successfully prevented the arecoline-induced myofibroblast activation. Additionally, overexpression of Slug in BMFs stimulated the activities of myofibroblasts, indicating that upregulation of Slug by arecoline contributes to the myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Most importantly, Slug was able to bind to the E-box of type I collagen, leading to increased expression of type I collagen. Altogether, this study demonstrated the abnormal elevation of Slug in OSF and its significance in arecoline-induced fibrogenesis. Moreover, downregulation of Slug could be a potential target for OSF remedy via suppression of myofibroblast activities and type I collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Fang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Zong Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Lotung PohAi Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Lin
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lo-Lin Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Relationship of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Oral Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9303094. [PMID: 29951168 PMCID: PMC5987344 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9303094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in Taiwan, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has also increased globally. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between the components of MS and oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with oral cancer based on their areca-nut-chewing habits. Two hundred patients diagnosed with oral cancer were recruited, and metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activities, and inflammatory markers were measured. 63% of the subjects have concomitant MS. Subjects who had an areca-nut-chewing habit had significantly higher levels of fasting glucose (p = 0.04), oxidative stress (p = 0.02), and inflammatory markers (p = 0.02) than those who never chewed. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level (p = 0.03) and superoxidase dismutase activity (p = 0.02) were significantly lower in individuals who had chewed or were currently chewers. Areca-nut-chewing habit was associated with the increased risks for MS and hypertriglyceridemia; the components of MS were positively correlated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, patients with oral cancer who had an areca-nut-chewing habit exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation, which might be related to an increased risk of MS.
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25
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Betel nut chewing and the risk of chronic kidney disease: evidence from a meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1097-1104. [PMID: 29441477 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and quantify the potential association between betel nut chewing and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS We searched five online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Wanfang and CNKI to identify observational studies that published prior to May, 1, 2017. The primary outcome was the association between betel nut chewing and CKD expressed as odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) after adjustment for other covariates. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software; the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was used to confirm the stability of drawn conclusion. RESULTS Five studies comprising a total of 10,562 CKD patients and 34,038 subjects without CKD that analyzed the relationship between betel nut chewing and CKD were included in our study; all the included studies were performed in Taiwan. After the adjustment for covariates, the combined adjusted ORs showed that betel nut used had 1.44 times higher risk to develop CKD compared with non-chewers (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.08-1.92). CONCLUSIONS Betel nut chewing could significantly increase the risk of CKD, indicating that betel nut chewing may exist as an independent risk factor for CKD. Further investigation should be warranted.
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26
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Lin PS, Cheng RH, Chang MC, Lee JJ, Chang HH, Huang WL, Yeung SY, Chang YC, Jeng JH. TGF-β1 stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and PGE 2 production of human dental pulp cells: Role of ALK5/Smad2 and MEK/ERK signal transduction pathways. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:748-754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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27
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Chang MC, Tsai YL, Liou EJW, Tang CM, Wang TM, Liu HC, Liao MW, Yeung SY, Chan CP, Jeng JH. Effect of Butyrate on Collagen Expression, Cell Viability, Cell Cycle Progression and Related Proteins Expression of MG-63 Osteoblastic Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165438. [PMID: 27893752 PMCID: PMC5125573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Butyric acid is one major metabolic product generated by anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria of periodontal and root canal infection. Butyric acid affects the activity of periodontal cells such as osteoblasts. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of butyrate on MG-63 osteoblasts. Methods MG-63 cells were exposed to butyrate and cell viability was estimated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mRNA and protein expression of type I collagen and cell cycle-related proteins were measured by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence flow cytometry. Results Exposure to butyrate suppressed cell proliferation, and induced G2/M (8 and 16 mM) cell cycle arrest of MG-63 cells. Some cell apoptosis was noted. The mRNA expression of cdc2 and cyclin-B1 decreased after exposure to butyrate. The protein expression of type I collagen, cdc2 and cyclin B1 were decreased, whereas the expression of p21, p27 and p57 was stimulated. Under the treatment of butyrate, ROS production in MG-63 cells markedly increased. Conclusions The secretion of butyric acid by periodontal and root canal microorganisms may inhibit bone cell growth and matrix turnover. This is possibly due to induction of cell cycle arrest and ROS generation and inhibition of collagen expression. These results suggest the involvement of butyric acid in the pathogenesis of periodontal and periapical tissue destruction by impairing bone healing responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Mei Tang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Mei Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Wei Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Yuet Yeung
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Po Chan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CPC); (JHJ)
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CPC); (JHJ)
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Chang MC, Chan CP, Chen YJ, Hsien HC, Chang YC, Yeung SY, Jeng PY, Cheng RH, Hahn LJ, Jeng JH. Areca nut components stimulate ADAM17, IL-1α, PGE2 and 8-isoprostane production in oral keratinocyte: role of reactive oxygen species, EGF and JAK signaling. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16879-94. [PMID: 26919242 PMCID: PMC4941357 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) chewing is an etiologic factor of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral cancer. There are 600 million BQ chewers worldwide. The mechanisms for the toxic and inflammatory responses of BQ are unclear. In this study, both areca nut (AN) extract (ANE) and arecoline stimulated epidermal growth factor (EGF) and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) production of gingival keratinocytes (GKs), whereas only ANE can stimulate a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 8-isoprostane production. ANE-induced EGF production was inhibited by catalase. Addition of anti-EGF neutralizing antibody attenuated ANE-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), mature ADAM9 expression and PGE2 and 8-isoprostane production. ANE-induced IL-1α production was inhibited by catalase, anti-EGF antibody, PD153035 (EGF receptor antagonist) and U0126 (MEK inhibitor) but not by α-naphthoflavone (cytochrome p450-1A1 inhibitor). ANE-induced ADAM17 production was inhibited by pp2 (Src inhibitor), U0126, α-naphthoflavone and aspirin. AG490 (JAK inhibitor) prevented ANE-stimulated ADAM17, IL-1α, PGE2 production, COX-2 expression, ADAM9 maturation, and the ANE-induced decline in keratin 5 and 14, but showed little effect on cdc2 expression and EGF production. Moreover, ANE-induced 8-isoprostane production by GKs was inhibited by catalase, anti-EGF antibody, AG490, pp2, U0126, α-naphthoflavone, Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) and aspirin. These results indicate that AN components may involve in BQ-induced oral cancer by induction of reactive oxygen species, EGF/EGFR, IL-1α, ADAMs, JAK, Src, MEK/ERK, CYP1A1, and COX signaling pathways, and the aberration of cell cycle and differentiation. Various blockers against ROS, EGF, IL-1α, ADAM, JAK, Src, MEK, CYP1A1, and COX can be used for prevention or treatment of BQ chewing-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Team of Biomedical Science, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Po Chan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chi Hsien
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Mackay Memorial Hospial, and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Yuet Yeung
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry, University of Cardenal Herrera, CEU, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ru-Hsiu Cheng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jiunn Hahn
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cytotoxicity and transformation of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by areca nut components. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:108-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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30
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Rehman A, Ali S, Lone MA, Atif M, Hassona Y, Prime SS, Pitiyage GN, James ELN, Parkinson EK. Areca nut alkaloids induce irreparable DNA damage and senescence in fibroblasts and may create a favourable environment for tumour progression. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 45:365-72. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Rehman
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Sitara Ali
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Mohid Abrar Lone
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Yazan Hassona
- Department of Dentistry; University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | - Stephen Stewart Prime
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Gayani Nadika Pitiyage
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Emma Louise Naomi James
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Eric Kenneth Parkinson
- Centre for Clinical & Diagnostic Oral Sciences; Institute of Dentistry; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
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Saeed AA, Sims AH, Prime SS, Paterson I, Murray PG, Lopes VR. Gene expression profiling reveals biological pathways responsible for phenotypic heterogeneity between UK and Sri Lankan oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:237-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Therapeutic interventions in oral submucous fibrosis: an experimental and clinical study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2014; 14:278-90. [PMID: 26028848 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-014-0642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic debilitating disease and premalignant condition of the oral cavity and is a serious public health issue in India and many parts of the world. The treatment is still elusive and empirical because of poorly understood etiopathogenesis, which is believed to be multifactorial including areca nut chewing, ingestion of chillies, genetic and immunologic processes, nutritional deficiencies, and many others. The present investigations was focused to understand the possible therapeutic interventions of anti-OSF agents in arecoline induced experimental in vitro model of OSF and clinical application of these anti-OSF agents in the restoration of various grade of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 127 subjects were selected from patients who visited the OPD of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow. Further the subjects were divided in two groups on the basis of clinical examination. Group-1 subjects showed presence of fibrosis bands in the labial and/or buccal mucosa, loss of elasticity, difficulty to open the mouth and had a habit chewing areca-nut in some form. Group-2 subjects had no habit of chewing areca-nut, were apparently healthy with no mucosal disorder. The samples were collected and were immediately transported to Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, for isolation and cultivation of primary cultures of mucosal fibroblast cells. Then isolation and cultivation of oral mucosal fibroblast, identification of non-cytotoxic doses of arecoline, real time PCR, immunocytochemistry, cytokine determination in culture cells, western blot analyses, functional activity of collagenase, lysyl oxidase enzyme activity, collagen beads assay, cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression analysis was done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This study, shows that the reduction of phagocytic cells was strongly related to the arecoline levels in fibroblast culture when we exposed arecoline to normal oral mucosal cells (NOMC) and cells from OSF patient. An enhancement of phagocytic cells was observed following the pre exposure of cells to 1 μM dexamethasone, a glucocorticoids, In this study, histologic evidence is presented which supports the finding that COX-2 expression is upregulated in OSF specimens compared to normal oral submucosal cells. Strong immunostaining for COX-2 was detected in arecoline exposed NOMC and cells from OSF patient. Areca nut extract up-regulates prostaglandin production, cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein expression of human oral keratinocytes. The number of phagocytic cells and phagocytic activity in cultured human oral fibroblasts from OSF site was lower than the fibroblasts from the normal regions of the same person.
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Lee WT, Huang CC, Chen KC, Wong TY, Ou CY, Tsai ST, Yen CJ, Fang SY, Lo HI, Wu YH, Hsueh WT, Yang MW, Lin FC, Hsiao JR, Huang JS, Chang JY, Chang KY, Wu SY, Lin CL, Wang YH, Weng YL, Yang HC, Chang JS. Genetic polymorphisms in the prostaglandin pathway genes and risk of head and neck cancer. Oral Dis 2014; 21:207-15. [PMID: 24724948 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies examining the association between genetic variations in prostaglandin pathway and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) have only included polymorphisms in the PTGS2 (COX2) gene. This study investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms of six prostaglandin pathway genes (PGDS, PTGDS, PTGES, PTGIS, PTGS1 and PTGS2), and risk of HNC. METHODS Interviews regarding the consumption of alcohol, betel quid, and cigarette were conducted with 222 HNC cases and 214 controls. Genotyping was performed for 48 tag and functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS Two tag SNPs of PTGIS showed a significant association with HNC risk [rs522962: log-additive odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.99 and dominant OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02-2.47; rs6125671: log-additive OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.08-2.05 and dominant OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.16-3.32]. In addition, a region in PTGIS tagged by rs927068 and rs6019902 was significantly associated with risk of HNC (global P = 0.007). Finally, several SNPs interacted with betel quid and cigarette to influence the risk of HNC. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variations in prostaglandin pathway genes are associated with risk of HNC and may modify the relationship between use of betel quid or cigarette and development of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-T Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ho YC, Chen CC, Yang SF, Huang FM, Chang YC. Upregulation of proteolytic enzymes and cyclooxygenase-2 in human gingival fibroblasts stimulated with safrole. J Dent Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Tsai YL, Chang MC, Lin LD, Chan CP, Wang CY, Lin PS, Jeng JH. Stimulation of prostanoids and IL-8 production in human gingival fibroblasts by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS is associated with MEK/ERK signaling. J Dent Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Li WC, Lee PL, Chou IC, Chang WJ, Lin SC, Chang KW. Molecular and cellular cues of diet-associated oral carcinogenesis-with an emphasis on areca-nut-induced oral cancer development. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:167-77. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chun Li
- Department of Dentistry; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research; Taipei City Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Lee
- Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - I-Chiang Chou
- Department of Dentistry; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry; Zhong-Xiao Branch; Taipei City Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jung Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Lin
- Department of Dentistry; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Department of Dentistry; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
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Lee YY, Lin MB, Cheng CF, Chang LY, Liu TY, Hung SL. Inhibitory effects of areca nut extract on expression of complement receptors and fc receptors in human neutrophils. J Periodontol 2013; 85:1096-106. [PMID: 24354650 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chewing of areca quid increases the prevalence of periodontal diseases. Areca nut extract (ANE) inhibits the phagocytic activity of human neutrophils. This in vitro study investigates the effects of ANE on complement- and antibody-opsonized phagocytosis by neutrophils. Expression of complement receptors, Fc receptors, and F-actin in ANE-treated neutrophils is also analyzed. METHODS The viability of ANE-treated neutrophils was determined using the propidium iodide staining method. The possible effects of ANE on the expression of complement receptors and Fc receptors were examined using an immunofluorescence staining method followed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils against complement or immunoglobulin (Ig)G-opsonized fluorescent beads was analyzed using flow cytometry. Expression of F-actin was determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS ANE significantly inhibited the production of complement receptors (CR1, CR3, and CR4) and Fc receptors (FcγRII and FcγRIII) in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of neutrophils with ANE significantly impaired their ability to phagocytose fluorescent beads. ANE also inhibited phagocytosis of fluorescent beads that were opsonized by complement or IgG. Moreover, expression of F-actin was inhibited after ANE treatment. CONCLUSIONS ANE inhibits the complement- and IgG-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis that may result from reduction of the expression of complement receptors, Fc receptors, and F-actin formation after ANE treatment. The findings suggest that areca nut chewing may jeopardize the defensive functions of neutrophils and affect periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yun Lee
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chue AL, Carrara VI, Paw MK, Pimanpanarak M, Wiladphaingern J, van Vugt M, Lee SJ, Nosten F, McGready R. Is areca innocent? The effect of areca (betel) nut chewing in a population of pregnant women on the Thai-Myanmar border. Int Health 2013; 4:204-9. [PMID: 24029401 PMCID: PMC3442179 DOI: 10.1016/j.inhe.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight manuscripts have specifically examined the effects of areca (betel) nut use in pregnant women, seven of which have documented adverse effects on birth weight, newborn neurological status, gender ratio and pregnancy outcomes such as anaemia and miscarriage following areca nut use during pregnancy. A retrospective cohort analysis of migrant and refugee pregnant women attending antenatal clinics along the Thai–Myanmar border (July 1997 to November 2006) was conducted to examine the adverse effects of areca nut use routinely recorded on enrolment. Of 7685 women, 2284 (29.7%) never used areca or smoked (cheroots), 2484 (32.3%) only used areca, 438 (5.7%) only smoked cheroots and 2479 (32.3%) used both areca and cheroots. Pieces of ripe areca nut in a leaf with lime, without tobacco, were used particularly among older multigravid women. Adverse pregnancy effects were not observed in areca nut users compared with non-users. Smoking, but not areca nut use, had a dose-related effect on miscarriage. Areca nut use in conjunction with smoking reduced the adverse effects of smoking on birth weight, further supporting a lack of effect of areca nut. Areca (betel) nut-related adverse pregnancy outcomes were not observed in this population, whereas smoking was clearly harmful. Differences from previous reports may result from the amount or types of areca nut, or quid content, consumed between countries. Smoking, but not areca nut, reduction is likely to improve pregnancy outcomes on the Thai–Myanmar border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Chue
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Corresponding author. Present address: Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
| | - Verena I. Carrara
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
| | - Moo Kho Paw
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
| | - Mupawjay Pimanpanarak
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
| | - Jacher Wiladphaingern
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
| | - Michele van Vugt
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
| | - Sue J. Lee
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - François Nosten
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Rose McGready
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, 68/30 Baan Tung Road, P.O. Box 46, Mae Sot, Tak 63110, Thailand
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
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Chang MC, Lin LD, Wu HL, Ho YS, Hsien HC, Wang TM, Jeng PY, Cheng RH, Hahn LJ, Jeng JH. Areca nut-induced buccal mucosa fibroblast contraction and its signaling: a potential role in oral submucous fibrosis--a precancer condition. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1096-1104. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
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Chang MC, Chan CP, Wang WT, Chang BE, Lee JJ, Tseng SK, Yeung SY, Hahn LJ, Jeng JH. Toxicity of areca nut ingredients: Activation of CHK1/CHK2, induction of cell cycle arrest, and regulation of MMP-9 and TIMPs production in SAS epithelial cells. Head Neck 2012; 35:1295-302. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Chang MC, Tsai YL, Chen YW, Chan CP, Huang CF, Lan WC, Lin CC, Lan WH, Jeng JH. Butyrate induces reactive oxygen species production and affects cell cycle progression in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:66-73. [PMID: 22834967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Short-chain fatty acids, such as butyric acid and propionic acid, are metabolic by-products generated by periodontal microflora such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, and contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, the effects of butyrate on the biological activities of gingival fibroblasts (GFs) are not well elucidated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human GFs were exposed to various concentrations of butyrate (0.5-16 mm) for 24 h. Viable cells that excluded trypan blue were counted. Cell cycle distribution of GFs was analyzed by propidium iodide-staining flow cytometry. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by flow cytometry using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF). Total RNA and protein lysates were isolated and subjected to RT-PCR using specific primers or to western blotting using specific antibodies, respectively. RESULTS Butyrate inhibited the growth of GFs, as indicated by a decrease in the number of viable cells. This event was associated with an induction of G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest by butyrate (4-16 mm) in GFs. However, no marked apoptosis of GFs was noted in this experimental condition. Butyrate (> 2 mm) inhibited the expression of cdc2, cdc25C and cyclinB1 mRNAs and reduced the levels of Cdc2, Cdc25C and cyclinB1 proteins in GFs, as determined using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. This toxic effect of butyrate was associated with the production of ROS. CONCLUSION These results suggest that butyrate generated by periodontal pathogens may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases via the induction of ROS production and the impairment of cell growth, cell cycle progression and expression of cell cycle-related genes in GFs. These events are important in the initiation and prolongation of inflammatory processes in periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chang HH, Chang MC, Huang GF, Wang YL, Chan CP, Wang TM, Lin PS, Jeng JH. Effect of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate on the cytotoxicity, cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostanoids production in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2012; 45:848-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chang CM, Yu KJ, Hsu WL, Major JM, Chen JY, Lou PJ, Liu MY, Diehl SR, Goldstein AM, Chen CJ, Hildesheim A. Correlates of anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA positivity among unaffected relatives from nasopharyngeal carcinoma multiplex families. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:206-9. [PMID: 22095229 PMCID: PMC3251852 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine whether non-viral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk factors might be associated with (and mediated through) Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) serological responses linked to NPC risk, we evaluated predictors of risk of anti-EBNA1 IgA seropositivity and other markers among unaffected relatives from a large NPC family study in Taiwan. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression conditioned on family was used to examine the associations between sociodemographic, dietary, lifestyle, and occupational variables and risk of anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA positivity, anti-VCA IgA, and anti-DNase positivity. Results: Among 2393 unaffected relatives from 319 multiplex families, 1180 (49.3%) were anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA seropositive. None of the associations with anti-EBNA1 IgA were statistically significant, except for being 31–50 years of age (vs <30, adjusted ORs 0.51–0.57). For one or more EBV serological markers, there were suggestive associations for older age, GuangDong firm salted fish, betel use, current alcohol use, and male gender. Conclusion: Overall, we found little evidence to suggest that non-viral NPC risk factors significantly alter EBV serological patterns, suggesting that non-viral NPC risk factors act through pathways independent of EBV serological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 6120 Executive Blvd., EPS 7073, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Yang CM, Hou YY, Chiu YT, Chen HC, Chu ST, Chi CC, Hsiao M, Lee CY, Hsieh CJC, Lin YC, Hsieh YD, Ger LP. Interaction between tumour necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms and substance use on risk of betel quid-related oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:1162-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tseng SK, Chang MC, Su CY, Chi LY, Chang JZC, Tseng WY, Yeung SY, Hsu ML, Jeng JH. Arecoline induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity to human endothelial cells. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1267-73. [PMID: 21847594 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) chewing is a common oral habit in South Asia and Taiwan. BQ consumption may increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), and periodontitis as well as systemic diseases (atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc.). However, little is known about the toxic effect of BQ components on endothelial cells that play important roles for angiogenesis, carcinogenesis, tissue fibrosis, and cardiovascular diseases. EAhy 926 (EAHY) endothelial cells were exposed to arecoline, a major BQ alkaloid, for various time periods. Cytotoxicity was estimated by 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The cell cycle distribution of EAHY cells residing in sub-G0/G1, G0/G1, S-, and G2/M phases was analyzed by propidium iodide staining of cellular DNA content and flow cytometry. Some EAHY cells retracted, became round-shaped in appearance, and even detached from the culture plate after exposure to higher concentrations of arecoline (> 0.4 mM). At concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 mM, arecoline induced significant cytotoxicity to EAHY cells. At similar concentrations, arecoline induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased sub-G0/G1 population, a hallmark of apoptosis. Interestingly, prolonged exposure to arecoline (0.1 mM) for 12 and 21 days significantly suppressed the proliferation of EAHY cells, whereas EAHY cells showed adaptation and survived when exposed to 0.05 mM arecoline. These results suggest that BQ components may contribute to the pathogenesis of OSF and BQ chewing-related cardiovascular diseases via toxicity to oral or systemic endothelial cells, leading to impairment of vascular function. During BQ chewing, endothelial damage may be induced by areca nut components and associate with the pathogenesis of OSF, periodontitis, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuei-Kuen Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St, Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
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Akhtar S, Sheikh AA, Qureshi HU. Chewing areca nut, betel quid, oral snuff, cigarette smoking and the risk of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma in South Asians: a multicentre case-control study. Eur J Cancer 2011; 48:655-61. [PMID: 21733677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer remains an important public health problem worldwide. This multicentre matched case-control study examined the chewing areca nut alone, betel quid with tobacco, oral snuff (snuff dipping) and cigarette smoking as the risk factors for oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. We enrolled 91 cases of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma and 364 matched controls from three tertiary-care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data through face-to-face interview of the participants. Multivariable conditional logistic regression model showed that after adjusting for the effect of ethnicity, ever chewed areca nut alone (adjusted matched odds ratio (mOR(adj))=3.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-8.5), ever chewed betel quid with tobacco (mOR(adj)=12.8; 95% CI: 6.3-26.2), ever practiced snuff dipping (mOR(adj)=4.3; 95% CI: 1.6-11.7) and ever smoked cigarettes (mOR(adj)=2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-5.9) were significantly and independently associated with oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma status. The adjusted summary population attributable risk (PAR) percent for all four substances together was 67.0. Furthermore, despite incomplete synergy, there was manifold increase in the risk of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma, if the respondents ever smoked cigarettes and ever chewed betel quid with tobacco (mOR(adj)=21.4; 95% CI: 6.3-72.4) or if they ever smoked cigarettes and ever practiced snuff dipping (mOR(adj)=14.4; 95% CI: 2.3-91.1). The adjusted PAR (%) was higher for the dual practice of smoking cigarettes and chewing betel quid with tobacco (64.3) than the dual practice of smoking cigarettes and snuff dipping (32.2). Public awareness to curtail the addiction to these substances may result in a substantial reduction in the incidence of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma and related mortality in this and similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akhtar
- Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
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Weinberg E, Topaz M, Dard M, Lyngstadaas P, Nemcovsky C, Weinreb M. Differential effects of prostaglandin E(2) and enamel matrix derivative on the proliferation of human gingival and dermal fibroblasts and gingival keratinocytes. J Periodontal Res 2011; 45:731-40. [PMID: 20682018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01293.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Elevated levels of prostaglandins contribute to periodontal destruction but can impair gingival healing by affecting local fibroblasts. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has beneficial effects on supporting and gingival tissues. We showed that prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2) ) inhibits the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and that EMD stimulates it. Prostaglandins and EMD may also affect skin healing by targeting dermal fibroblasts (DFs). Thus, we compared the effects of these two agents on the proliferation of hGFs, human gingival keratinocytes (hGKs) and hDFs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells from healthy human gingiva or skin were treated with PGE(2) and/or EMD, and proliferation was assessed by measuring cell number and DNA synthesis. RESULTS In hGFs, PGE(2) (1 μm) inhibited proliferation while EMD stimulated it. When present together, EMD abolished the PGE(2) -induced inhibition. Serum increased (by a factor of 10) the amount of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), PGE(2) reduced it (by 70-80%) and EMD restored it when present with PGE(2). Prostaglandin E(2) stimulated cAMP production in hGFs while serum or EMD did not. Enamel matrix derivative stimulated hDF proliferation, but the inhibitory effect of PGE(2) was milder than with hGFs. When present together, EMD abolished the PGE(2) -induced inhibition. Enamel matrix derivative inhibited the proliferation of primary hGKs, but PGE(2) had no effect. Finally, we found that hDFs contained about five times less prostaglandin EP(2) receptor mRNA than hGFs, while hGKs contained none. CONCLUSION Prostaglandin E(2) inhibits and EMD stimulates hGF proliferation via distinct pathways. The different sensitivities of hDFs and hGKs to PGE(2) can be explained by the levels of EP(2) expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, the Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S
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Chang MC, Chen LI, Chan CP, Lee JJ, Wang TM, Yang TT, Lin PS, Lin HJ, Chang HH, Jeng JH. The role of reactive oxygen species and hemeoxygenase-1 expression in the cytotoxicity, cell cycle alteration and apoptosis of dental pulp cells induced by BisGMA. Biomaterials 2010; 31:8164-71. [PMID: 20673999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatibility of dentin bonding agents (DBAs) and resin composite is important to preserve the pulp vitality after operative restoration. Bisphenol-glycidyl-methacrylate (BisGMA) is one common monomer adding into DBAs and resin. In this study, we found that exposure of human dental pulp cells to BisGMA (>0.1 mM) led to cytotoxicity, G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as analyzed by propidium iodide (PI) and PI/annexin V dual fluorescent flow cytometry. These events were associated with a decline of cdc2, cdc25C and cyclinB1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. BisGMA also induced the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), an oxidative stress responsive gene, in pulp cells. Catalase could prevent the BisGMA-induced alteration of cell cycle-related genes (cdc2, cdc25C, cyclinB1) and HO-1 expression in dental pulp cells. Interestingly, Zn-protoporphyrin (2.5-5 microM), a HO inhibitor, enhanced the BisGMA-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytotoxicity. These results suggest that exposure to higher concentrations of BisGMA may stimulate ROS production, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and cell death. Inducing the expression of HO-1 in dental pulp cells by BisGMA is mediated by ROS production and important to protect dental pulp against the toxicity by monomers present in composite resin and DBAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Science Team, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lai YL, Wu CY, Lee YY, Chang HW, Liu TY, Hung SL. Stimulatory Effects of Areca Nut Extracts on Prostaglandin E2Production by Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes. J Periodontol 2010; 81:758-66. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.090660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Chang MC, Lin LD, Chen YJ, Tsai YL, Cheng YA, Kuo CS, Chang HH, Tai TF, Lin HJ, Jeng JH. Comparative cytotoxicity of five root canal sealers on cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Int Endod J 2010; 43:251-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01676.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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