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Musleh Ud Din S, Streit SG, Huynh BT, Hana C, Abraham AN, Hussein A. Therapeutic Targeting of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2060. [PMID: 38396737 PMCID: PMC10888675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the realm of cancer therapeutics, targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has emerged as a promising strategy. This study delves into the intricate web of HIF-associated mechanisms, exploring avenues for future anticancer therapies. Framing the investigation within the broader context of cancer progression and hypoxia response, this article aims to decipher the pivotal role played by HIF in regulating genes influencing angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and glucose metabolism. Employing diverse approaches such as HIF inhibitors, anti-angiogenic therapies, and hypoxia-activated prodrugs, the research methodologically intervenes at different nodes of the HIF pathway. Findings showcase the efficacy of agents like EZN-2968, Minnelide, and Acriflavine in modulating HIF-1α protein synthesis and destabilizing HIF-1, providing preliminary proof of HIF-1α mRNA modulation and antitumor activity. However, challenges, including toxicity, necessitate continued exploration and development, as exemplified by ongoing clinical trials. This article concludes by emphasizing the potential of targeted HIF therapies in disrupting cancer-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Musleh Ud Din
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA
| | - Spencer G. Streit
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Bao Tran Huynh
- Department of Pharmacy, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA
| | - Caroline Hana
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Anna-Ninny Abraham
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Atif Hussein
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Healthcare System, 703 North Flamingo Road, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (S.G.S.); (C.H.); (A.-N.A.); (A.H.)
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2
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Mihaescu G, Chifiriuc MC, Filip R, Bleotu C, Ditu LM, Constantin M, Cristian RE, Grigore R, Bertesteanu SV, Bertesteanu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of interferons in the antiviral battle: from virus-host crosstalk to prophylactic and therapeutic potential in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1273604. [PMID: 38288121 PMCID: PMC10822962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalians sense antigenic messages from infectious agents that penetrate the respiratory and digestive epithelium, as well as signals from damaged host cells through membrane and cytosolic receptors. The transduction of these signals triggers a personalized response, depending on the nature of the stimulus and the host's genetics, physiological condition, and comorbidities. Interferons (IFNs) are the primary effectors of the innate immune response, and their synthesis is activated in most cells within a few hours after pathogen invasion. IFNs are primarily synthesized in infected cells, but their anti-infective effect is extended to the neighboring cells by autocrine and paracrine action. The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in 2019 was a stark reminder of the potential threat posed by newly emerging viruses. This pandemic has also triggered an overwhelming influx of research studies aiming to unveil the mechanisms of protective versus pathogenic host immune responses induced by SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of IFNs as vital players in the battle against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We will briefly characterize and classify IFNs, present the inductors of IFN synthesis, their sensors, and signaling pathways, and then discuss the role of IFNs in controlling the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its clinical outcome. Finally, we will present the perspectives and controversies regarding the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IFNs in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Microbiology Department, Suceava Emergency County Hospital, Suceava, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lia Mara Ditu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gloria Bertesteanu
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Teli P, Vaidya A, Kale V. Signal transduction pathways alter the molecular cargo of extracellular vesicles: implications in regenerative medicine. Regen Med 2023; 18:935-944. [PMID: 38059320 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess regenerative properties and are also considered as future vaccines. All types of cells secrete EVs; however, the amount of EVs secreted by the cells varies under various physiological as well as pathological states. Several articles have reviewed the molecular composition and potential therapeutic applications of EVs. Likewise, the 'sorting signals' associated with specific macromolecules have also been identified, but how the signal transduction pathways prevailing in the parent cells alter the molecular profile of the EVs or the payload they carry has not been sufficiently reviewed. Here, we have specifically discussed the implications of these alterations in the macromolecular cargo of EVs for their therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Teli
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, India
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4
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Rahmani AH, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alharbi HOA, Alwanian WM, Alhunayhani BA, Algahtani M, Theyab A, Almansour NM, Algefary AN, Aldeghaim SSA, Khan AA. Role of Mangiferin in Management of Cancers through Modulation of Signal Transduction Pathways. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3205. [PMID: 38137424 PMCID: PMC10741126 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health concern worldwide in terms of mortality. The exact reason behind the development of cancer is not understood clearly, but it is evidenced that alcohol consumption, radiation, and exposure to chemicals are main players in this pathogenesis. The current mode of treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are effective, but, still, cancer is a major problem leading to death and other side effects. However, safer and effective treatment modules are needed to overcome the adverse effects of current treatment modules. In this regard, natural compounds have been recognized to ameliorate diseases by exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor potential through several mechanisms. Mangiferin, a xanthone C-glucoside, is found in several plant species including Mangifera indica (mango), and its role in disease prevention has been confirmed through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, its anti-cancer-potential mechanism has been designated through modulation of cell signaling pathways such as inflammation, angiogenesis, PI3K/AKT, apoptosis, and cell cycle. This article extensively reviews the anticancer potential of mangiferin in different cancers through the modulation of cell signaling pathways. Moreover, the synergistic effects of this compound with some commonly used anti-cancer drugs against different cancer cells are discussed. More clinical trials should be performed to reconnoiter the anti-cancer potential of this compound in human cancer treatment. Further, understanding of mechanisms of action and the safety level of this compound can help to manage diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Wanian M. Alwanian
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Basmah Awwadh Alhunayhani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 14799, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Theyab
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 14799, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahlah Makki Almansour
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed N. Algefary
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Solaiman Saleh Ali Aldeghaim
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia (H.O.A.A.); (A.N.A.); (S.S.A.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Cao Q, Wang Q, Wu X, Zhang Q, Huang J, Chen Y, You Y, Qiang Y, Huang X, Qin R, Cao G. A literature review: mechanisms of antitumor pharmacological action of leonurine alkaloid. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1272546. [PMID: 37818195 PMCID: PMC10560730 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1272546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Leonurine refers to the desiccated aerial portion of a plant in the Labiatae family. The primary bioactive constituent of Leonurine is an alkaloid, Leonurine alkaloid (Leo), renowned for its substantial therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of gynecological disorders, in addition to its broad-spectrum antineoplastic capabilities. Over recent years, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of Leo have garnered escalating scholarly interest. Leo exhibits its anticancer potential by means of an array of mechanisms, encompassing the inhibition of neoplastic cell proliferation, induction of both apoptosis and autophagy, and the containment of oncogenic cell invasion and migration. The key signal transduction pathways implicated in these processes include the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL), the Phosphoinositide3-Kinase/Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase (PI3K/AKT), the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), and the Mitogen-Activated Protein/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (MAP/ERK). This paper commences with an exploration of the principal oncogenic cellular behaviors influenced by Leo and the associated signal transduction pathways, thereby scrutinizing the mechanisms of Leo in the antineoplastic sequence of events. The intention is to offer theoretical reinforcement for the elucidation of more profound mechanisms underpinning Leo's anticancer potential and correlating pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- School of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Undergraduate Department, Taishan University, Taian, China
| | - Jinghan Huang
- Undergraduate Department, Sichuan Conservatory of Music, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Qiang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ronggao Qin
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Guangzhu Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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6
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Pfirrmann T, Franco B, Kopinke D, Gerhardt C. Editorial: Regulation of proteostasis and cellular energy homeostasis at the primary cilium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1285237. [PMID: 37745293 PMCID: PMC10515195 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1285237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Pfirrmann
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Federico II University of Naples, School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Programme, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christoph Gerhardt
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
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7
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Rahmani AH, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alwanian WM, Alharbi BF, Alrumaihi F, Khan AA, Almatroodi SA. Myricetin: A Significant Emphasis on Its Anticancer Potential via the Modulation of Inflammation and Signal Transduction Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119665. [PMID: 37298616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health concern worldwide and main burden of the healthcare system. Regrettably, most of the currently used cancer treatment approaches such as targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery usually cause adverse complications including hair loss, bone density loss, vomiting, anemia and other complications. However, to overcome these limitations, there is an urgent need to search for the alternative anticancer drugs with better efficacy as well as less adverse complications. Based on the scientific evidences, it is proven that naturally occurring antioxidants present in medicinal plants or their bioactive compounds might constitute a good therapeutic approach in diseases management including cancer. In this regard, myricetin, a polyhydroxy flavonol found in a several types of plants and its role in diseases management as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepato-protective has been documented. Moreover, its role in cancer prevention has been noticed through modulation of angiogenesis, inflammation, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, myricetin plays a significant role in cancer prevention through the inhibition of inflammatory markers such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Moreover, myricetin increases the chemotherapeutic potential of other anticancer drugs through modulation of cell signaling molecules activity. This review elaborates the information of myricetin role in cancer management through modulating of various cell-signaling molecules based on in vivo and in vitro studies. In addition, synergistic effect with currently used anticancer drugs and approaches to improve bioavailability are described. The evidences collected in this review will help different researchers to comprehend the information about its safety aspects, effective dose for different cancers and implication in clinical trials. Moreover, different challenges need to be focused on engineering different nanoformulations of myricetin to overcome the poor bioavailability, loading capacity, targeted delivery and premature release of this compound. Furthermore, some more derivatives of myricetin need to be synthesized to check their anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanian M Alwanian
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah F Alharbi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Wang Z, Luo C, Zhou EW, Sandhu AF, Yuan X, Williams GE, Cheng J, Sinha B, Akbar M, Bhattacharya P, Zhou S, Song BJ, Wang X. Molecular Toxicology and Pathophysiology of Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108805. [PMID: 37240148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing comorbidity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious medical, economic, and social issue. However, the molecular toxicology and pathophysiological mechanisms of comorbid AUD and PTSD are not well understood and the identification of the comorbidity state markers is significantly challenging. This review summarizes the main characteristics of comorbidity between AUD and PTSD (AUD/PTSD) and highlights the significance of a comprehensive understanding of the molecular toxicology and pathophysiological mechanisms of AUD/PTSD, particularly following TBI, with a focus on the role of metabolomics, inflammation, neuroendocrine, signal transduction pathways, and genetic regulation. Instead of a separate disease state, a comprehensive examination of comorbid AUD and PTSD is emphasized by considering additive and synergistic interactions between the two diseases. Finally, we propose several hypotheses of molecular mechanisms for AUD/PTSD and discuss potential future research directions that may provide new insights and translational application opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chengliang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Edward W Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron F Sandhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaojing Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George E Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jialu Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bharati Sinha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience & Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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9
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Wang B, Zhang J, Zhang D, Lu C, Liu H, Gao Q, Niu T, Yin M, Cui S. Casein Kinase 1α as a Novel Factor Affects Thyrotropin Synthesis via PKC/ERK/CREB Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7034. [PMID: 37108197 PMCID: PMC10138882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1α (CK1α) is present in multiple cellular organelles and plays various roles in regulating neuroendocrine metabolism. Herein, we investigated the underlying function and mechanisms of CK1α-regulated thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) synthesis in a murine model. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect CK1α expression in murine pituitary tissue and its localization to specific cell types. Tshb mRNA expression in anterior pituitary was detected using real-time and radioimmunoassay techniques after CK1α activity was promoted and inhibited in vivo and in vitro. Relationships among TRH/L-T4, CK1α, and TSH were analyzed with TRH and L-T4 treatment, as well as thyroidectomy, in vivo. In mice, CK1α was expressed at higher levels in the pituitary gland tissue than in the thyroid, adrenal gland, or liver. However, inhibiting endogenous CK1α activity in the anterior pituitary and primary pituitary cells significantly increased TSH expression and attenuated the inhibitory effect of L-T4 on TSH. In contrast, CK1α activation weakened TSH stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) by suppressing protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/cAMP response element binding (CREB) signaling. CK1α, as a negative regulator, mediates TRH and L-T4 upstream signaling by targeting PKC, thus affecting TSH expression and downregulating ERK1/2 phosphorylation and CREB transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
| | - Qiao Gao
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tongjuan Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
| | - Mengqing Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.)
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
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10
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Banjarnahor CTU, Hardiany NS, Wahjoepramono EJ, Hariyanto AD, Sadikin M. High concentration of γ‑H2AX correlates with a marker of apoptotic suppression and PI3K/Akt pathway upregulation in glioblastoma multiforme. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:149. [PMID: 36936016 PMCID: PMC10018643 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a very aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults with a poor prognosis. DNA double-strand breaks are known to be associated with the development of numerous cancer types due to their ability to generate genomic instabilities. In GBM, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is a common pathway that can be activated by exogenous and endogenous factors. Genomic instability may be an endogenous stimulating factor for activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which may inhibit the apoptosis of GBM cells. Spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks play an essential role in the survival of GBM cells, and apoptosis levels may reflect survival ability. However, no study has yet been conducted to analyse the association between spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in patients with GBM prior to treatment. Therefore, the present study examined the concentrations of γ-histone 2AX (γ-H2AX), a sensitive marker of spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks, and cleaved caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis, in patients with GBM. The correlation of γ-H2AX with cleaved caspase-3, PI3K and Akt was also investigated. A total of 26 pre-treatment tumor tissue specimens from patient with GBM were analyzed to determine the concentrations of γ-H2AX, PI3K, Akt and cleaved caspase-3 using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between γ-H2AX and PI3K (r=0.52; P=0.007), a moderate positive correlation between γ-H2AX and Akt (r=0.4; P=0.041) and a strong negative correlation between γ-H2AX and cleaved caspase-3 (r=-0.61; P=0.0009). These analyses were also performed in seven tumor tissue specimens from patients with grade I glioma as controls, but no significant correlations were detected. The findings of the present study suggest that a high level of γ-H2AX may affect GBM cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Tiarma Ully Banjarnahor
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang-Banten 15810, Indonesia
- Dr Christine Tiarma Ully Banjarnahor, Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, E-mail:
| | - Novi Silvia Hardiany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Correspondence to: Dr Novi Silvia Hardiany, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, E-mail:
| | - Eka Julianta Wahjoepramono
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan-Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Banten 15810, Indonesia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mochtar Riady Comprehensive Cancer Center Siloam Hospitals, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | | | - Mohamad Sadikin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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11
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Cracco P, Montalesi E, Parente M, Cipolletti M, Iucci G, Battocchio C, Venditti I, Fiocchetti M, Marino M. A Novel Resveratrol-Induced Pathway Increases Neuron-Derived Cell Resilience against Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065903. [PMID: 36982977 PMCID: PMC10058936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising therapeutic strategy to delay and/or prevent the onset of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) could be to restore neuroprotective pathways physiologically triggered by neurons against stress injury. Recently, we identified the accumulation of neuroglobin (NGB) in neuronal cells, induced by the 17β-estradiol (E2)/estrogen receptor β (ERβ) axis, as a protective response that increases mitochondria functionality and prevents the activation of apoptosis, increasing neuron resilience against oxidative stress. Here, we would verify if resveratrol (Res), an ERβ ligand, could reactivate NGB accumulation and its protective effects against oxidative stress in neuronal-derived cells (i.e., SH-SY5Y cells). Our results demonstrate that ERβ/NGB is a novel pathway triggered by low Res concentrations that lead to rapid and persistent NGB accumulation in the cytosol and in mitochondria, where the protein contributes to reducing the apoptotic death induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Intriguingly, Res conjugation with gold nanoparticles increases the stilbene efficacy in enhancing neuron resilience against oxidative stress. As a whole, ERβ/NGB axis regulation is a novel mechanism triggered by low concentration of Res to regulate, specifically, the neuronal cell resilience against oxidative stress reducing the triggering of the apoptotic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Cracco
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Montalesi
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Parente
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cipolletti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiocchetti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00179 Rome, Italy
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12
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Xie H, Zhang J, Cheng J, Zhao S, Wen Q, Kong P, Zhao Y, Xiang X, Rong J. Field plus lab experiments help identify freezing tolerance and associated genes in subtropical evergreen broadleaf trees: A case study of Camellia oleifera. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1113125. [PMID: 36909419 PMCID: PMC9994817 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance are unresolved in the perennial trees that can survive under much lower freezing temperatures than annual herbs. Since natural conditions involve many factors and temperature usually cannot be controlled, field experiments alone cannot directly identify the effects of freezing stress. Lab experiments are insufficient for trees to complete cold acclimation and cannot reflect natural freezing-stress responses. In this study, a new method was proposed using field plus lab experiments to identify freezing tolerance and associated genes in subtropical evergreen broadleaf trees using Camellia oleifera as a case. Cultivated C. oleifera is the dominant woody oil crop in China. Wild C. oleifera at the high-elevation site in Lu Mountain could survive below -30°C, providing a valuable genetic resource for the breeding of freezing tolerance. In the field experiment, air temperature was monitored from autumn to winter on wild C. oleifera at the high-elevation site in Lu Mountain. Leave samples were taken from wild C. oleifera before cold acclimation, during cold acclimation and under freezing temperature. Leaf transcriptome analyses indicated that the gene functions and expression patterns were very different during cold acclimation and under freezing temperature. In the lab experiments, leaves samples from wild C. oleifera after cold acclimation were placed under -10°C in climate chambers. A cultivated C. oleifera variety "Ganwu 1" was used as a control. According to relative conductivity changes of leaves, wild C. oleifera showed more freezing-tolerant than cultivated C. oleifera. Leaf transcriptome analyses showed that the gene expression patterns were very different between wild and cultivated C. oleifera in the lab experiment. Combing transcriptome results in both of the field and lab experiments, the common genes associated with freezing-stress responses were identified. Key genes of the flg22, Ca2+ and gibberellin signal transduction pathways and the lignin biosynthesis pathway may be involved in the freezing-stress responses. Most of the genes had the highest expression levels under freezing temperature in the field experiment and showed higher expression in wild C. oleifera with stronger freezing tolerance in the lab experiment. Our study may help identify freezing tolerance and underlying molecular mechanisms in trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxing Xie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junyong Cheng
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Timber Forest-Based Economy, Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan, China
| | - Songzi Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Camellia Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Camellia Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Kong
- Jiangxi Ecological Meteorology Centre, Nanchang, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lushan, China
| | - Xiaoguo Xiang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Rong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lushan, China
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13
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Jin B, Li G, Zhou L, Fan Z. Mechanism Involved in Acute Liver Injury Induced by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924695. [PMID: 35694264 PMCID: PMC9185410 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a common pathophysiological process, which can occur in many conditions such as acute enteric ischemia, severe burns, small intestinal transplantation, etc,. Ischemia-reperfusion of the intestine is often accompanied by distal organ injury, especially liver injury. This paper outlined the signal pathways and cytokines involved in acute liver injury induced by intestinal I/R: the NF-κB Signaling Pathway, the P66shc Signaling Pathway, the HMGB1 Signaling Pathway, the Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway, the AMPK-SIRT-1 Signaling Pathway and other cytokines, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of liver injury caused by reperfusion after intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Outpatient, the NO. 967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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14
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Xuan H, Huang Y, Zhou L, Deng S, Wang C, Xu J, Wang H, Zhao J, Guo N, Xing H. Key Soybean Seedlings Drought-Responsive Genes and Pathways Revealed by Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Two Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2893. [PMID: 35270036 PMCID: PMC8911164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seedling drought stress is one of the most important constraints affecting soybean yield and quality. To unravel the molecular mechanisms under soybean drought tolerance, we conducted comprehensive comparative transcriptome analyses of drought-tolerant genotype Jindou 21 (JD) and drought-sensitive genotype Tianlong No.1 (N1) seedlings that had been exposed to drought treatment. A total of 6038 and 4112 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in drought-tolerant JD and drought-sensitive N1, respectively. Subsequent KEGG pathway analyses showed that numerous DEGs in JD are predominately involved in signal transduction pathways, including plant hormone signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Interestingly, JA and BR plant hormone signal transduction pathways were found specifically participating in drought-tolerant JD. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed CPKs, CIPKs, MAPKs, and MAP3Ks of calcium and MAPK signaling pathway were only identified in JD. The number of DEGs involved in transcription factors (TFs) is larger in JD than that of in N1. Moreover, some differently expressed transcriptional factor genes were only identified in drought-tolerant JD, including FAR1, RAV, LSD1, EIL, and HB-PHD. In addition, this study suggested that JD could respond to drought stress by regulating the cell wall remodeling and stress-related protein genes such as EXPs, CALSs, CBPs, BBXs, and RD22s. JD is more drought tolerant than N1 owing to more DEGs being involved in multiple signal transduction pathways (JA, BR, calcium, MAPK signaling pathway), stress-related TFs, and proteins. The above valuable genes and pathways will deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms under drought stress in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Na Guo
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.X.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (S.D.); (C.W.); (J.X.); (H.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Han Xing
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.X.); (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (S.D.); (C.W.); (J.X.); (H.W.); (J.Z.)
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15
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Guo T, Kong F, Burton C, Scaglione S, Beagles B, Ray J, Ramonell KM. The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ATL9 Affects Expression of Defense Related Genes, Cell Death and Callose Deposition in Response to Fungal Infection. Pathogens 2022; 11:68. [PMID: 35056016 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants use diverse strategies to defend themselves from biotic stresses in nature, which include the activation of defense gene expression and a variety of signal transduction pathways. Previous studies have shown that protein ubiquitination plays a critical role in plant defense responses, however the details of its function remain unclear. Our previous work has shown that increasing expression levels of ATL9, an E3 ubiquitin ligase in Arabidopsis thaliana, increased resistance to infection by the fungal pathogen, Golovinomyces cichoracearum. In this study, we demonstrate that the defense-related proteins PDF1.2, PCC1 and FBS1 directly interact with ATL9 and are targeted for degradation to the proteasome by ATL9. The expression levels of PDF1.2, PCC1 and FBS1 are decreased in T-DNA insertional mutants of atl9 and T-DNA insertional mutants of pdf1.2, pcc1 and fbs1 are more susceptible to fungal infection. In addition, callose is more heavily deposited at infection sites in the mutants of atl9, fbs1, pcc1 and pdf1.2. Overexpression of ATL9 and of mutants in fbs1, pcc1 and pdf1.2 showed increased levels of cell death during infection. Together these results indicate that ubiquitination, cell death and callose deposition may work together to enhance defense responses to fungal pathogens.
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16
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van der Ploeg P, Uittenboogaard A, Bucks KMM, Lentjes-Beer MHFM, Bosch SL, van Rumste MME, Vos MC, van Diest PJ, Lambrechts S, van de Stolpe A, Bekkers RLM, Piek JMJ. Cyclic activity of signal transduction pathways in fimbrial epithelium of the human fallopian tube. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2021; 101:256-264. [PMID: 34927235 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The local environment of the fallopian tube represents the optimal conditions for reproductive processes. To maintain tissue homeostasis, signal transduction pathways are thought to play a pivotal role. Enhancing our understanding of functional signal transduction pathway activity is important to be able to clarify the role of aberrant signal transduction pathway activity leading to female subfertility and other tubal diseases. Therefore, in this study we investigate the influence of the hormonal cycle on the activity of key signal transduction pathways in the fimbrial epithelium of morphologically normal fallopian tubes. MATERIAL AND METHODS We included healthy pre- (n = 17) and postmenopausal (n = 8) patients who had surgical interventions for benign gynecologic conditions. Histologic sections of the fallopian tubes were reviewed by two pathologists and, for the premenopausal patients, hormone serum levels and sections of the endometrium were examined to determine the hormonal phase (early follicular [n = 4], late follicular [n = 3], early luteal [n = 5], late luteal [n = 5]). After laser capture microdissection, total mRNA was extracted from the fimbrial epithelium and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was performed to determine functional signal transduction pathway activity of the androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), Hedgehog (HH), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and canonical wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt) pathways. RESULTS The early luteal phase demonstrated high AR and ER pathway activity in comparison with the late luteal phase (p = 0.016 and p = 0.032, respectively) and low PI3K activity compared with the late follicular phase (p = 0.036), whereas the late luteal phase showed low activity of HH and Wnt compared with the early follicular phase (both p = 0.016). Signal transduction pathway activity in fimbrial epithelium from postmenopausal patients was most similar to the early follicular and/or late luteal phase with regard to the AR, ER and PI3K pathways. Wnt pathway activity in postmenopausal patients was comparable to the late follicular and early luteal phase. We observed no differences in HH and TGF-β pathway activity between pre- and postmenopausal samples. The cyclic changes in signal transduction pathway activity suggest a stage-specific function which may affect the morphology and physiology of the human fallopian tube. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated cyclic changes in activity of the AR, ER, PI3K, HH and Wnt pathways throughout the hormonal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis van der Ploeg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aniek Uittenboogaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn M M Bucks
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Steven L Bosch
- Laboratory for Pathology and Medical Microbiology (Stichting PAMM), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - M Caroline Vos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ruud L M Bekkers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen M J Piek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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17
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Bouwman W, Verhaegh W, van de Stolpe A. Androgen Receptor Pathway Activity Assay for Sepsis Diagnosis and Prediction of Favorable Prognosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:767145. [PMID: 34888328 PMCID: PMC8650119 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.767145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening complication of a bacterial infection. It is hard to predict which patients with a bacterial infection will develop sepsis, and accurate and timely diagnosis as well as assessment of prognosis is difficult. Aside from antibiotics-based treatment of the causative infection and supportive measures, treatment options have remained limited. Better understanding of the immuno-pathophysiology of sepsis is expected to lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. Functional activity of the innate (inflammatory) and adaptive immune response is controlled by a dedicated set of cellular signal transduction pathways, that are active in the various immune cell types. To develop an immune response-based diagnostic assay for sepsis and provide novel therapeutic targets, signal transduction pathway activities have been analyzed in whole blood samples from patients with sepsis. Methods: A validated and previously published set of signal transduction pathway (STP) assays, enabling determination of immune cell function, was used to analyze public Affymetrix expression microarray data from clinical studies containing data from pediatric and adult patients with sepsis. STP assays enable quantitative measurement of STP activity on individual patient sample data, and were used to calculate activity of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), JAK-STAT1/2, JAK-STAT3, Notch, Hedgehog, TGFβ, FOXO-PI3K, MAPK-AP1, and NFκB signal transduction pathways. Results: Activity of AR and TGFβ pathways was increased in children and adults with sepsis. Using the mean plus two standard deviations of normal pathway activity (in healthy individuals) as threshold for abnormal STP activity, diagnostic assay parameters were determined. For diagnosis of pediatric sepsis, the AR pathway assay showed high sensitivity (77%) and specificity (97%), with a positive prediction value (PPV) of 99% and negative prediction value (NPV) of 50%. For prediction of favorable prognosis (survival), PPV was 95%, NPV was 21%. The TGFβ pathway activity assay performed slightly less for diagnosing sepsis, with a sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 98% (PPV 99%, NPV 39%). Conclusion: The AR and TGFβ pathways have an immunosuppressive role, suggesting a causal relation between increased pathway activity and sepsis immunopathology. STP assays have been converted to qPCR assays for further evaluation of clinical utility for sepsis diagnosis and prediction of prognosis, as well as for prediction of risk at developing sepsis in patients with a bacterial infection. STPs may present novel therapeutic targets in sepsis.
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van Lieshout L, van der Ploeg P, Wesseling-Rozendaal Y, van de Stolpe A, Bosch S, Lentjes-Beer M, Ottenheijm M, Meriaan A, Vos C, de Hullu J, Massuger L, Bekkers R, Piek J. Survival Is Related to Estrogen Signal Transduction Pathway Activity in Postmenopausal Women Diagnosed with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5101. [PMID: 34680250 PMCID: PMC8533979 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), the most common subtype of ovarian cancer, has a high mortality rate. Although there are some factors associated with survival, such as stage of disease, there are remarkable differences in survival among women diagnosed with advanced stage disease. In this study, we investigate possible relations between survival and signal transduction pathway (STP) activity. We assessed the functional activity of the androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), Hedgehog (HH), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and canonical wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt) pathway in 85 primary tumor samples of patients with FIGO stage IIIC to IVB HGSC and disease-free survival (DFS) below 12 (n = 52) or over 24 months (n = 33). There were no significant differences in median pathway activity between patients with a short and long DFS. In univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, ER pathway activity was related to a favorable DFS and overall survival (OS) in postmenopausal women (p = 0.033 and p = 0.041, respectively), but not in premenopausal women. We divided the postmenopausal group into subgroups based on ER pathway activity quartiles. Survival analysis revealed that postmenopausal women in the lowest ER quartile had a shorter DFS and OS (log-rank p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, we were able to form subgroups of patients based on an inverse relation between ER and PI3K pathway activity. In conclusion, in postmenopausal patients with advanced stage HGSC, a poorer survival outcome was associated with low functional ER pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura van Lieshout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Phyllis van der Ploeg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Wesseling-Rozendaal
- Molecular Pathway Diagnostics, Philips, High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (Y.W.-R.); (A.v.d.S.)
| | - Anja van de Stolpe
- Molecular Pathway Diagnostics, Philips, High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (Y.W.-R.); (A.v.d.S.)
| | - Steven Bosch
- Laboratory for Pathology and Medical Microbiology (Stichting PAMM), P.O. Box 2, 5500 AA Veldhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Marjolein Lentjes-Beer
- Laboratory for Pathology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, P.O. Box 90153, 5200 ME ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands;
| | - Meggy Ottenheijm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Annelen Meriaan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Caroline Vos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, P.O. Box 90151, 5000 LC Tilburg, The Netherlands;
| | - Joanne de Hullu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Leon Massuger
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Ruud Bekkers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Piek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, P.O. Box 1350, 5602 ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (R.B.)
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Fiocchetti M, Bastari G, Cipolletti M, Leone S, Acconcia F, Marino M. The Peculiar Estrogenicity of Diethyl Phthalate: Modulation of Estrogen Receptor α Activities in the Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells. Toxics 2021; 9:237. [PMID: 34678933 PMCID: PMC8538674 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates comprise a group of synthetic chemicals present in the environment because of their wide use as plasticizers and as additives in products for personal care. Among others, diethyl phthalate (DEP) is largely used in products for infants, children, and adults, in which its exposure has been correlated with an increased risk of breast cancer. The adverse health outcomes deriving from phthalate exposure have been associated with their activity as endocrine disruptors (EDCs) of the steroid and thyroid hormone signaling by affecting developmental and reproductive health, and even carcinogenicity. However, the estrogen disruptor activities of DEP are still controversial, and the mechanism at the root of the estrogenic-disrupting action of DEP remains to be clarified. Here, we evaluated the DEP mechanism of action on the activation status of estrogen receptor α (ERα) by analyzing the receptor's phosphorylation as well as both nuclear and extra-nuclear pathways triggered by the receptor to modulate the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Although DEP does not bind to ERα, our results suggest that this phthalate ester exerts multiple parallel interactions with ERα signaling and emphasize the importance to determine an appropriate battery of in vitro methods that will include specific molecular mechanisms involved in the endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fiocchetti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (F.A.)
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20
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Wei X, Liu S, Sun C, Xie G, Wang L. Convergence and Divergence: Signal Perception and Transduction Mechanisms of Cold Stress in Arabidopsis and Rice. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1864. [PMID: 34579397 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cold stress, including freezing stress and chilling stress, is one of the major environmental factors that limit the growth and productivity of plants. As a temperate dicot model plant species, Arabidopsis develops a capability to freezing tolerance through cold acclimation. The past decades have witnessed a deep understanding of mechanisms underlying cold stress signal perception, transduction, and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. In contrast, a monocot cereal model plant species derived from tropical and subtropical origins, rice, is very sensitive to chilling stress and has evolved a different mechanism for chilling stress signaling and response. In this review, the authors summarized the recent progress in our understanding of cold stress response mechanisms, highlighted the convergent and divergent mechanisms between Arabidopsis and rice plasma membrane cold stress perceptions, calcium signaling, phospholipid signaling, MAPK cascade signaling, ROS signaling, and ICE-CBF regulatory network, as well as light-regulated signal transduction system. Genetic engineering approaches of developing freezing tolerant Arabidopsis and chilling tolerant rice were also reviewed. Finally, the future perspective of cold stress signaling and tolerance in rice was proposed.
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21
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Chang MC, Wang TM, Chien HH, Pan YH, Tsai YL, Jeng PY, Lin LD, Jeng JH. Effect of butyrate, a bacterial by-product, on the viability and ICAM-1 expression/production of human vascular endothelial cells: Role in infectious pulpal/periapical diseases. Int Endod J 2021; 55:38-53. [PMID: 34420220 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of butyric acid (BA), a metabolic product generated by pulp and root canal pathogens, on the viability and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) production of endothelial cells, which are crucial to angiogenesis and pulpal/periapical wound healing. METHODOLOGY Endothelial cells were exposed to butyrate with/without inhibitors. Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated using an MTT assay, PI/annexin V and DCF fluorescence flow cytometry respectively. RNA and protein expression was determined using a polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The quantitative results were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE) of the mean. The data were analysed using a paired Student's t-test where necessary. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference between groups. RESULTS Butyrate (>4 mM) inhibited cell viability and induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis. It inhibited cyclin B1 but stimulated p21 and p27 expression. Butyrate stimulated ROS production and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression as well as activated the Ac-H3, p-ATM, p-ATR, p-Chk1, p-Chk2, p-p38 and p-Akt expression of endothelial cells. Butyrate stimulated ICAM-1 mRNA/protein expression and significant sICAM-1 production (p < .05). Superoxide dismutase, 5z-7oxozeaenol, SB203580 and compound C (p < .05), but not ZnPP, CGK733, AZD7762 or LY294002, attenuated butyrate cytotoxicity to endothelial cells. Notably, little effect on butyrate-stimulated sICAM-1 secretion was found. Valproic acid, phenylbutyrate and trichostatin (three histone deacetylase inhibitors) significantly induced sICAM-1 production (p < .05). CONCLUSION Butyric acid inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, stimulated ROS and HO-1 production and increased ICAM-1 mRNA expression and protein synthesis in endothelial cells. Cell viability affected by BA was diminished by some inhibitors; however, the increased sICAM-1 secretion by BA was not affected by any of the tested inhibitors. These results facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of pulpal/periapical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Mei Wang
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Hong Chien
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Tsai
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Deh Lin
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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22
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Chow EWL, Pang LM, Wang Y. From Jekyll to Hyde: The Yeast-Hyphal Transition of Candida albicans. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070859. [PMID: 34358008 PMCID: PMC8308684 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans, accounting for 15% of nosocomial infections with an estimated attributable mortality of 47%. C. albicans is usually a benign member of the human microbiome in healthy people. Under constant exposure to highly dynamic environmental cues in diverse host niches, C. albicans has successfully evolved to adapt to both commensal and pathogenic lifestyles. The ability of C. albicans to undergo a reversible morphological transition from yeast to filamentous forms is a well-established virulent trait. Over the past few decades, a significant amount of research has been carried out to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms, signaling pathways, and transcription factors that govern the C. albicans yeast-to-hyphal transition. This review will summarize our current understanding of well-elucidated signal transduction pathways that activate C. albicans hyphal morphogenesis in response to various environmental cues and the cell cycle machinery involved in the subsequent regulation and maintenance of hyphal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Wai Ling Chow
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore;
| | - Li Mei Pang
- National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore (NDRIS), 5 Second Hospital Ave, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore;
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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23
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Venegas-Molina J, Molina-Hidalgo FJ, Clicque E, Goossens A. Why and How to Dig into Plant Metabolite-Protein Interactions. Trends Plant Sci 2021; 26:472-483. [PMID: 33478816 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interaction between metabolites and proteins drives cellular regulatory processes within and between organisms. Recent reports highlight that numerous plant metabolites embrace multiple biological activities, beyond a sole role as substrates, products, or cofactors of enzymes, or as defense or growth-regulatory compounds. Though several technologies have been developed to identify and characterize metabolite-protein interactions, the systematic implementation of such methods in the plant field remains limited. Here, we discuss the plant metabolic space, with a specific focus on specialized metabolites and their roles, and review the technologies to study their interaction with proteins. We approach it both from a plant's perspective, to increase our understanding of plant metabolite-dependent regulatory networks, and from a human perspective, to empower agrochemical and drug discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Venegas-Molina
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francisco J Molina-Hidalgo
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Clicque
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
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Abstract
The development of molecular nanostructures with well-defined particle size and shape is of eminent interest in biomedicine. Among many studied nanostructures, dendrimers represent the group of those most thoroughly characterized ones. Due to their unique structure and properties, dendrimers are very attractive for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Owing to the controllable cavities inside the dendrimer, guest molecules may be encapsulated, and highly reactive terminal groups are susceptible to further modifications, e.g., to facilitate target delivery. To understand the potential of these nanoparticles and to predict and avoid any adverse cellular reactions, it is necessary to know the mechanisms responsible for an efficient dendrimer uptake and the destination of their intracellular journey. In this article, we summarize the results of studies describing the dendrimer uptake, traffic, and efflux mechanisms depending on features of specific nanoparticles and cell types. We also present mechanisms of dendrimers responsible for toxicity and alteration in signal transduction pathways at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ziemba
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Borowiec
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ida Franiak-Pietryga
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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25
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Zhang J, Zhang P, Huo X, Gao Y, Chen Y, Song Z, Wang F, Zhang J. Comparative Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Key Responses of Upland Cotton to Salinity Stress During Postgermination. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:639104. [PMID: 33927736 PMCID: PMC8076740 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.639104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance during seed germination and post-germination stages, this study characterized phenotypic and transcriptome responses of two cotton cultivars during salinity stress. The two cultivars were salt-tolerant (ST) LMY37 and salt-sensitive (SS) ZM12, with the former exhibiting higher germination rate, growth, and primary-root fresh weight under salinity stress. Transcriptomic comparison revealed that up-regulation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was the main characteristic of transcriptional regulation in ST, while SS DEGs were mainly down-regulated. GO and KEGG analyses uncovered both common and specific responses in ST and SS. Common processes, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and cell wall biosynthesis, may be general responses to salinity in cotton. In contrast, DEGs involved in MAPK-signaling pathway activated by ROS, carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway [producing the precursors of stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET), respectively] as well as stress tolerance related transcription factor genes, showed significant expression differences between ST and SS. These differences might be the molecular basis leading to contrasting salinity tolerance. Silencing of GhERF12, an ethylene response factor gene, caused higher salinity sensitivity and increased ROS accumulation after salinity stress. In addition, peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity obviously declined after silencing GhERF12. These results suggest that GhERF12 is involved in salinity tolerance during early development. This study provides a novel and comprehensive perspective to understand key mechanisms of salinity tolerance and explores candidate genes that may be useful in developing stress-tolerant crops through biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhangqiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Tanahashi Y, Komori S, Matsuyama H, Kitazawa T, Unno T. Functions of Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle: A Review of Studies with Receptor-Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E926. [PMID: 33477687 PMCID: PMC7831928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasympathetic signalling via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) regulates gastrointestinal smooth muscle function. In most instances, the mAChR population in smooth muscle consists mainly of M2 and M3 subtypes in a roughly 80% to 20% mixture. Stimulation of these mAChRs triggers a complex array of biochemical and electrical events in the cell via associated G proteins, leading to smooth muscle contraction and facilitating gastrointestinal motility. Major signalling events induced by mAChRs include adenylyl cyclase inhibition, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, intracellular Ca2+ mobilisation, myofilament Ca2+ sensitisation, generation of non-selective cationic and chloride currents, K+ current modulation, inhibition or potentiation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ currents and membrane depolarisation. A lack of ligands with a high degree of receptor subtype selectivity and the frequent contribution of multiple receptor subtypes to responses in the same cell type have hampered studies on the signal transduction mechanisms and functions of individual mAChR subtypes. Therefore, novel strategies such as genetic manipulation are required to elucidate both the contributions of specific AChR subtypes to smooth muscle function and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this article, we review recent studies on muscarinic function in gastrointestinal smooth muscle using mAChR subtype-knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tanahashi
- Department of Advanced Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan;
| | - Seiichi Komori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (S.K.); (H.M.)
| | - Hayato Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (S.K.); (H.M.)
| | - Takio Kitazawa
- Department of Veterinary Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;
| | - Toshihiro Unno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (S.K.); (H.M.)
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Selvaraj G, Kaliamurthi S, Peslherbe GH, Wei DQ. Identifying potential drug targets and candidate drugs for COVID-19: biological networks and structural modeling approaches. F1000Res 2021; 10:127. [PMID: 33968364 PMCID: PMC8080978 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.50850.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus (CoV) is an emerging human pathogen causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) around the world. Earlier identification of biomarkers for SARS can facilitate detection and reduce the mortality rate of the disease. Thus, by integrated network analysis and structural modeling approach, we aimed to explore the potential drug targets and the candidate drugs for coronavirus medicated SARS. Methods: Differentially expression (DE) analysis of CoV infected host genes (HGs) expression profiles was conducted by using the Limma. Highly integrated DE-CoV-HGs were selected to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results: Using the Walktrap algorithm highly interconnected modules include module 1 (202 nodes); module 2 (126 nodes) and module 3 (121 nodes) modules were retrieved from the PPI network. MYC, HDAC9, NCOA3, CEBPB, VEGFA, BCL3, SMAD3, SMURF1, KLHL12, CBL, ERBB4, and CRKL were identified as potential drug targets (PDTs), which are highly expressed in the human respiratory system after CoV infection. Functional terms growth factor receptor binding, c-type lectin receptor signaling, interleukin-1 mediated signaling, TAP dependent antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I, stimulatory T cell receptor signaling, and innate immune response signaling pathways, signal transduction and cytokine immune signaling pathways were enriched in the modules. Protein-protein docking results demonstrated the strong binding affinity (-314.57 kcal/mol) of the ERBB4-3cLpro complex which was selected as a drug target. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations indicated the structural stability and flexibility of the ERBB4-3cLpro complex. Further, Wortmannin was proposed as a candidate drug to ERBB4 to control SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis through inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase-dependent macropinocytosis, MAPK signaling, and NF-kb singling pathways that regulate host cell entry, replication, and modulation of the host immune system. Conclusion: We conclude that CoV drug target "ERBB4" and candidate drug "Wortmannin" provide insights on the possible personalized therapeutics for emerging COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurudeeban Selvaraj
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Satyavani Kaliamurthi
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Gilles H. Peslherbe
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200240, China
- IASIA (International Association of Scientists in the Interdisciplinary Areas), 125 Boul. de Bromont, Quebec, J2L 2K7, Canada
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28
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Selvaraj G, Kaliamurthi S, Peslherbe GH, Wei DQ. Identifying potential drug targets and candidate drugs for COVID-19: biological networks and structural modeling approaches. F1000Res 2021; 10:127. [PMID: 33968364 PMCID: PMC8080978 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.50850.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus (CoV) is an emerging human pathogen causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) around the world. Earlier identification of biomarkers for SARS can facilitate detection and reduce the mortality rate of the disease. Thus, by integrated network analysis and structural modeling approach, we aimed to explore the potential drug targets and the candidate drugs for coronavirus medicated SARS. Methods: Differentially expression (DE) analysis of CoV infected host genes (HGs) expression profiles was conducted by using the Limma. Highly integrated DE-CoV-HGs were selected to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results: Using the Walktrap algorithm highly interconnected modules include module 1 (202 nodes); module 2 (126 nodes) and module 3 (121 nodes) modules were retrieved from the PPI network. MYC, HDAC9, NCOA3, CEBPB, VEGFA, BCL3, SMAD3, SMURF1, KLHL12, CBL, ERBB4, and CRKL were identified as potential drug targets (PDTs), which are highly expressed in the human respiratory system after CoV infection. Functional terms growth factor receptor binding, c-type lectin receptor signaling, interleukin-1 mediated signaling, TAP dependent antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I, stimulatory T cell receptor signaling, and innate immune response signaling pathways, signal transduction and cytokine immune signaling pathways were enriched in the modules. Protein-protein docking results demonstrated the strong binding affinity (-314.57 kcal/mol) of the ERBB4-3cLpro complex which was selected as a drug target. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations indicated the structural stability and flexibility of the ERBB4-3cLpro complex. Further, Wortmannin was proposed as a candidate drug to ERBB4 to control SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis through inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase-dependent macropinocytosis, MAPK signaling, and NF-kb singling pathways that regulate host cell entry, replication, and modulation of the host immune system. Conclusion: We conclude that CoV drug target "ERBB4" and candidate drug "Wortmannin" provide insights on the possible personalized therapeutics for emerging COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurudeeban Selvaraj
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Satyavani Kaliamurthi
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Gilles H. Peslherbe
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Science-Computational Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200240, China
- IASIA (International Association of Scientists in the Interdisciplinary Areas), 125 Boul. de Bromont, Quebec, J2L 2K7, Canada
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29
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Hernández-Moreno D, Morales S, Camello-Almaraz C, Pozo MJ, Camello PJ. Monochloramine effects on gallbladder contractility. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 48:597-604. [PMID: 33352621 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Digestive inflammatory processes induce motility alterations associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species production, including monochloramine (NH2 Cl). The aim of the study was to characterize the effects of the naturally occurring oxidant monochloramine in the guinea pig gallbladder. We used standard in vitro contractility technique to record guinea pig gallbladder strips contractions. NH2 Cl caused a concentration-dependent contraction which was reduced by inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx and tyrosine kinase pathways. The PKC antagonist GF109203X also reduced the response but not after previous tyrosine kinase inhibition, suggesting that PKC is activated by tyrosine kinase activity. The NH2 Cl contractile effect was also reduced by inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase. In addition, NH2 Cl impaired the responses to CCK, tissue depolarization and electrical field stimulation. In conclusion, we present new evidence that monochloramine impairs not only the gallbladder response to CCK but also to membrane depolarization and nervous plexus stimulation, and that tyrosine kinase, PKC, MAPK and NO pathways are involved in the contractile direct effect of monochloramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hernández-Moreno
- Department of Environment and Agronomy, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Morales
- Department of Physiology, School of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Institute of Biomarkers of Metabolic Pathologies, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Camello-Almaraz
- Department of Physiology, School of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Institute of Biomarkers of Metabolic Pathologies, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - María J Pozo
- Department of Physiology, School of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Institute of Biomarkers of Metabolic Pathologies, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Pedro J Camello
- Department of Physiology, School of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Institute of Biomarkers of Metabolic Pathologies, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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Wang ZC, Zhao WY, Cao Y, Liu YQ, Sun Q, Shi P, Cai JQ, Shen XZ, Tan WQ. The Roles of Inflammation in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars. Front Immunol 2020; 11:603187. [PMID: 33343575 PMCID: PMC7746641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of wound healing are complex but inflammation is one of the determining factors. Besides its traditional role in combating against infection upon injury, the characteristics and magnitude of inflammation have dramatic impacts on the pathogenesis of scar. Keloids and hypertrophic scars are pathological scars that result from aberrant wound healing. They are characterized by continuous local inflammation and excessive collagen deposition. In this review, we aim at discussing how dysregulated inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of scar formation. Immune cells, soluble inflammatory mediators, and the related intracellular signal transduction pathways are our three subtopics encompassing the events occurring in inflammation associated with scar formation. In the end, we enumerate the current and potential medicines and therapeutics for suppressing inflammation and limiting progression to scar. Understanding the initiation, progression, and resolution of inflammation will provide insights into the mechanisms of scar formation and is useful for developing effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Cai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Yi Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qi Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihang Sun
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qin Cai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
Cancers are among the difficult-to-treat diseases despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Although newer effective targets remain to be discovered, targeted therapy has emerged as a promising field. In the last decade, contactin 1 (CNTN1) has surfaced as an important cancer-related molecule. CNTN1 is a neuronal membrane glycoprotein, which, if overexpressed, is found in different cancer cell lines, cancer tissues, and transgenic mice. It is positively associated with lymphatic invasion, metastasis, late TNM stage, and a short overall survival time. However, the role of CNTN1 in cancer cell proliferation remains unclear. In addition, CNTN1 is involved in cancer cell invasion, migration, metastasis, and chemoresistance by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mediating several signal transduction pathways. Several studies suggest CNTN1 as a new therapeutic target for cancers. This review aims to summarize the research developments on CNTN1 in various cancers, to establish its role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and signal transduction pathways, and to identify promising areas for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Liang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengjuan Li
- Oncology Department of Tumor Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanhua Nie
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haining Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bouwman W, Verhaegh W, Holtzer L, van de Stolpe A. Measurement of Cellular Immune Response to Viral Infection and Vaccination. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575074. [PMID: 33193365 PMCID: PMC7604353 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined cellular and humoral host immune response determine the clinical course of a viral infection and effectiveness of vaccination, but currently the cellular immune response cannot be measured on simple blood samples. As functional activity of immune cells is determined by coordinated activity of signaling pathways, we developed mRNA-based JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity assays to quantitatively measure the cellular immune response on Affymetrix expression microarray data of various types of blood samples from virally infected patients (influenza, RSV, dengue, yellow fever, rotavirus) or vaccinated individuals, and to determine vaccine immunogenicity. JAK-STAT1/2 pathway activity was increased in blood samples of patients with viral, but not bacterial, infection and was higher in influenza compared to RSV-infected patients, reflecting known differences in immunogenicity. High JAK-STAT3 pathway activity was associated with more severe RSV infection. In contrast to inactivated influenza virus vaccine, live yellow fever vaccine did induce JAK-STAT1/2 pathway activity in blood samples, indicating superior immunogenicity. Normal (healthy) JAK-STAT1/2 pathway activity was established, enabling assay interpretation without the need for a reference sample. The JAK-STAT pathway assays enable measurement of cellular immune response for prognosis, therapy stratification, vaccine development, and clinical testing.
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van Lieshout L, van de Stolpe A, van der Ploeg P, Bowtell D, de Hullu J, Piek J. Signal Transduction Pathway Activity in High-Grade, Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Reveals a More Favorable Prognosis in Tumors with Low PI3K and High NF-κB Pathway Activity: A Novel Approach to a Long-Standing Enigma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092660. [PMID: 32961868 PMCID: PMC7564278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary All cells have a complex internal network of ‘communication chains’ called signal transduction pathways (STPs). Through interaction of different proteins in STPs, they are partly responsible for the behavior of a cell. In our study, we investigated the activity of eight STPs in datasets with genetic information on 140 cancer samples. These samples were derived from the most common subtype of ovarian cancer: high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). With a novel method, we determined which STPs were active and discerned two groups based on activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathways. The group with low PI3K and high NF-kB activity had a better progression free and overall survival compared to the group with high PI3K and low NF-kB activity. This difference may indicate that the ‘better prognosis group’ had a more active immune system or that the cells divided at a slower rate. Abstract We investigated signal transduction pathway (STP) activity in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) in relation to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). We made use of signal transduction pathway activity analysis (STA analysis), a novel method to quantify functional STP activity. Activity of the following pathways was measured: androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and Wnt. We selected HGSC samples from publicly available datasets of ovarian cancer tissue, and used repeated k-means clustering to identify pathway activity clusters. PFS and OS of the clusters were analyzed. We used a subset of publicly available dataset GSE9891 (n = 140), where repeated k-means clustering based on PI3K and NF-κB pathway activity in HGSC samples resulted in two stable clusters. The cluster with low PI3K and high NF-κB pathway activity (n = 72) had a more favorable prognosis for both PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.001) compared to the high-PI3K and low-NF-κB pathway activity cluster (n = 68). The low PI3K and high NF-κB pathway activity of the favorable prognosis cluster may indicate a more active immune response, while the high PI3K and low NF-κB pathway activity of the unfavorable prognosis cluster may indicate high cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura van Lieshout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-6-2211-9850
| | - Anja van de Stolpe
- Precision Diagnostics, Philips Research, 5656AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Phyllis van der Ploeg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
| | - David Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Joanne de Hullu
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jurgen Piek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
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Parashar K, Carpino N. A role for the Sts phosphatases in negatively regulating IFNγ-mediated production of nitric oxide in monocytes. Immun Inflamm Dis 2020; 8:523-533. [PMID: 32841534 PMCID: PMC7654413 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The atypical Sts phosphatases negatively regulate signaling pathways in diverse immune cell types, with two of their molecular targets being the related kinases Syk and Zap‐70. Mice lacking Sts expression (Sts−/−) are resistant to infection by the live vaccine strain (LVS) of Francisella tularensis. Although the mechanisms underlying the enhanced resistance of Sts−/− mice have not been definitively established, Sts−/− bone marrow‐derived monocytes (BMMs) demonstrate greater clearance of intracellular LVS following ex vivo infection, relative to wild type cells. To determine how the Sts proteins regulate monocyte bactericidal properties, we analyzed responses of infected cells. Methods Monocyte bacterial clearance was assayed using ex vivo coculture infections followed by colony‐forming unit analysis of intracellular bacteria. Levels of gene expression were quantified by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, levels of Nos2 protein levels were quantified by Western blot analysis, and levels of nitric oxide (NO) were quantified directly using the Griess reagent. We characterized monocyte cytokine production via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results We demonstrate that Sts−/− monocyte cultures produce elevated levels of interferon‐γ (IFNγ) after infection, relative to wild type cultures. Sts−/− monocytes also demonstrate heightened responsiveness to IFNγ. Specifically, Sts−/− monocytes produce elevated levels of antimicrobial NO following IFNγ stimulation, and this NO plays an important role in LVS restriction. Additional IFNγ‐stimulated genes, including Ip10 and members of the Gbp gene family, also display heightened upregulation in Sts−/− cells. Both Sts‐1 and Sts‐2 contribute to the regulation of NO production, as evidenced by the responses of monocytes lacking each phosphatase individually. Finally, we demonstrate that the elevated production of IFNγ‐induced NO in Sts−/− monocytes is abrogated following chemical inhibition of Syk kinase. Conclusion Our results indicate a novel role for the Sts enzymes in regulating monocyte antibacterial responses downstream of IFNγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Parashar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Nicholas Carpino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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Abstract
The extracellular domain of plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 contains a cell surface receptor for thyroid hormone analogues. The receptor is largely expressed and activated in tumor cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells. The principal ligand for this receptor is l-thyroxine (T4), usually regarded only as a prohormone for 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), the hormone analogue that expresses thyroid hormone in the cell nucleus via nuclear receptors that are unrelated structurally to integrin αvβ3. At the integrin receptor for thyroid hormone, T4 regulates cancer and endothelial cell division, tumor cell defense pathways (such as anti-apoptosis), and angiogenesis and supports metastasis, radioresistance, and chemoresistance. The molecular mechanisms involve signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, differential expression of multiple genes related to the listed cell processes, and regulation of activities of other cell surface proteins, such as vascular growth factor receptors. Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) is derived from T4 and competes with binding of T4 to the integrin. In the absence of T4, tetrac and chemically modified tetrac also have anticancer effects that culminate in altered gene transcription. Tumor xenografts are arrested by unmodified and chemically modified tetrac. The receptor requires further characterization in terms of contributions to nonmalignant cells, such as platelets and phagocytes. The integrin αvβ3 receptor for thyroid hormone offers a large panel of cellular actions that are relevant to cancer biology and that may be regulated by tetrac derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shen YH, LeMaire SA, Webb NR, Cassis LA, Daugherty A, Lu HS. Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections Series: Part II: Dynamic Signaling Responses in Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:e78-e86. [PMID: 32208998 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.313804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aortic structure and function are controlled by the coordinated actions of different aortic cells and the extracellular matrix. Several pathways have been identified that control the aortic wall in a cell-type-specific manner and play diverse roles in various phases of aortic injury, repair, and remodeling. This complexity of signaling in the aortic wall poses challenges to the development of therapeutic strategies for treating aortic aneurysms and dissections. Here, in part II of this Recent Highlights series on aortic aneurysms and dissections, we will summarize recent studies published in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology that have contributed to our knowledge of the signaling pathway-related mechanisms of aortic aneurysms and dissections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying H Shen
- From the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.H.S., S.A.L.).,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (Y.H.S., S.A.L.)
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- From the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.H.S., S.A.L.).,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (Y.H.S., S.A.L.)
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W., L.A.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (N.R.W., L.A.C.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Department of Physiology and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Hong S Lu
- Department of Physiology and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
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Yapijakis C, Kalogera S, Papakosta V, Vassiliou S. The Hamster Model of Sequential Oral Carcinogenesis: An Update. In Vivo 2020; 33:1751-1755. [PMID: 31662499 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Animal models are valuable tools for studying human cancer as well as for preclinical trials. The hamster model of chemically induced sequential oral carcinogenesis was developed by our group a decade ago in order to study the multistep process of alterations in gene expression during carcinogenesis. The purpose of this review was to discuss the utility of the hamster model of sequential oral carcinogenesis regarding the deciphering of the main pathways altered. An extended search for articles that cited that specific animal models was performed. Many studies have used the hamster model of sequential oral carcinogenesis either for evaluation of the expression of biomarkers alone, or for applying chemopreventive compounds and other therapeutic methods, or combining the use of biomarkers with the anticancer effect of some compounds. It seems that this animal model is indeed a useful tool that enables the study of cell biology, pathology and therapeutics of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Yapijakis
- First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Hospital, Athens, Greece .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Cephalogenetics Diagnostic Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefania Kalogera
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cephalogenetics Diagnostic Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Veronica Papakosta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Vassiliou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Ramana CV. Insights into the Signal Transduction Pathways of Mouse Lung Type II Cells Revealed by Transcription Factor Profiling in the Transcriptome. Genomics Inform 2019; 17:e8. [PMID: 30929409 PMCID: PMC6459171 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2019.17.1.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type II cells constitute a small fraction of the total lung cell mass. However, they play an important role in many cellular processes including trans-differentiation into type I cells as well as repair of lung injury in response to toxic chemicals and respiratory pathogens. Transcription factors are the regulatory proteins dynamically modulating DNA structure and gene expression. Transcription factor profiling in microarray datasets revealed that several members of AP1, ATF, NF-kB, and C/EBP families involved in diverse responses were expressed in mouse lung type II cells. A transcriptional factor signature consisting of Cebpa, Srebf1, Stat3, Klf5, and Elf3 was identified in lung type II cells, Sox9+ pluripotent lung stem cells as well as in mouse lung development. Identification of the transcription factor profile in mouse lung type II cells will serve as a useful resource and facilitate the integrated analysis of signal transduction pathways and specific gene targets in a variety of physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chilakamarti V Ramana
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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Catanzaro M, Corsini E, Rosini M, Racchi M, Lanni C. Immunomodulators Inspired by Nature: A Review on Curcumin and Echinacea. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112778. [PMID: 30373170 PMCID: PMC6278270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is an efficient integrated network of cellular elements and chemicals developed to preserve the integrity of the organism against external insults and its correct functioning and balance are essential to avoid the occurrence of a great variety of disorders. To date, evidence from literature highlights an increase in immunological diseases and a great attention has been focused on the development of molecules able to modulate the immune response. There is an enormous global demand for new effective therapies and researchers are investigating new fields. One promising strategy is the use of herbal medicines as integrative, complementary and preventive therapy. The active components in medical plants have always been an important source of clinical therapeutics and the study of their molecular pharmacology is an enormous challenge since they offer a great chemical diversity with often multi-pharmacological activity. In this review, we mainly analysed the immunomodulatory/antinflammatory activity of Echinacea spp. and Curcuma longa, focusing on some issues of the phytochemical research and on new possible strategies to obtain novel agents to supplement the present therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Catanzaro
- Department of Drug Sciences-Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Michela Rosini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Racchi
- Department of Drug Sciences-Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Department of Drug Sciences-Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Alazem M, Tseng KC, Chang WC, Seo JK, Kim KH. Elements Involved in the Rsv3-Mediated Extreme Resistance against an Avirulent Strain of Soybean Mosaic Virus. Viruses 2018; 10:E581. [PMID: 30355968 PMCID: PMC6267276 DOI: 10.3390/v10110581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme resistance (ER) is a type of R-gene-mediated resistance that rapidly induces a symptomless resistance phenotype, which is different from the phenotypical R-resistance manifested by the programmed cell death, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and hypersensitive response. The Rsv3 gene in soybean cultivar L29 is responsible for ER against the avirulent strain G5H of soybean mosaic virus (SMV), but is ineffective against the virulent strain G7H. Rsv3-mediated ER is achieved through the rapid accumulation of callose, which arrests SMV-G5H at the point of infection. Callose accumulation, however, may not be the lone mechanism of this ER. Analyses of RNA-seq data obtained from infected soybean plants revealed a rapid induction of the abscisic acid pathway at 8 h post infection (hpi) in response to G5H but not to G7H, which resulted in the down-regulation of transcripts encoding β-1,3 glucanases that degrade callose in G5H-infected but not G7H-infected plants. In addition, parts of the autophagy and the small interfering (si) RNA pathways were temporally up-regulated at 24 hpi in response to G5H but not in response to G7H. The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway and many WRKY factors were clearly up-regulated only in G7H-infected plants. These results suggest that ER against SMV-G5H is achieved through the quick and temporary induction of ABA, autophagy, and the siRNA pathways, which rapidly eliminate G5H. The results also suggest that suppression of the JA pathway in the case of G5H is important for the Rsv3-mediated ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Alazem
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Kuan-Chieh Tseng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chi Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Jang-Kyun Seo
- Department of International Agricultural Technology and Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea.
| | - Kook-Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Sinkala M, Mulder N, Martin DP. Integrative landscape of dysregulated signaling pathways of clinically distinct pancreatic cancer subtypes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29123-29139. [PMID: 30018740 PMCID: PMC6044387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite modern therapeutic advances, the survival prospects of pancreatic cancer patients have remained poor. Besides being highly metastatic, pancreatic cancer is challenging to treat because it is caused by a heterogeneous array of somatic mutations that impact a variety of signaling pathways and cellular regulatory systems. Here we use publicly available transcriptomic, copy number alteration and mutation profiling datasets from pancreatic cancer patients together with data on disease outcomes to show that the three major pancreatic cancer subtypes each display distinctive aberrations in cell signaling and metabolic pathways. Importantly, patients afflicted with these different pancreatic cancer subtypes also exhibit distinctive survival profiles. Within these patients, we find that dysregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and p53 mediated disruptions of cell cycle processes are apparently drivers of disease. Further, we identify for the first time the molecular perturbations of signalling networks that are likely the primary causes of oncogenesis in each of the three pancreatic cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musalula Sinkala
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicola Mulder
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Darren Patrick Martin
- University of Cape Town, School of Health Sciences, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Computational Biology Division, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
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Sabour D, Machado RSR, Pinto JP, Rohani S, Sahito RGA, Hescheler J, Futschik ME, Sachinidis A. Parallel Genome-wide Profiling of Coding and Non-coding RNAs to Identify Novel Regulatory Elements in Embryonic and Maturated Heart. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2018; 12:158-173. [PMID: 30195755 PMCID: PMC6023836 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heart development is a complex process, tightly regulated by numerous molecular mechanisms. Key components of the regulatory network underlying heart development are transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), yet limited investigation of the role of miRNAs in heart development has taken place. Here, we report the first parallel genome-wide profiling of polyadenylated RNAs and miRNAs in a developing murine heart. These data enable us to identify dynamic activation or repression of numerous biological processes and signaling pathways. More than 200 miRNAs and 25 long non-coding RNAs were differentially expressed during embryonic heart development compared to the mature heart; most of these had not been previously associated with cardiogenesis. Integrative analysis of expression data and potential regulatory interactions suggested 28 miRNAs as novel regulators of embryonic heart development, representing a considerable expansion of the current repertoire of known cardiac miRNAs. To facilitate follow-up investigations, we constructed HeartMiR (http://heartmir.sysbiolab.eu), an open access database and interactive visualization tool for the study of gene regulation by miRNAs during heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Sabour
- University of Cologne (UKK), Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 47134 Babol, Iran
| | - Rui S R Machado
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory (SysBioLab), Center for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José P Pinto
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory (SysBioLab), Center for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Susan Rohani
- University of Cologne (UKK), Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Raja G A Sahito
- University of Cologne (UKK), Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- University of Cologne (UKK), Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias E Futschik
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory (SysBioLab), Center for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine (ITSMED), University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK.
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- University of Cologne (UKK), Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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43
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Shah F, Medvedev A, Wassermann AM, Brodney M, Zhang L, Makarov S, Stanton RV. The Identification of Pivotal Transcriptional Factors Mediating Cell Responses to Drugs With Drug-Induced Liver Injury Liabilities. Toxicol Sci 2018; 162:177-188. [PMID: 29106686 PMCID: PMC6257024 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a leading cause of drug attrition during drug development and a common reason for drug withdrawal from the market. The poor predictability of conventional animal-based approaches necessitates the development of alternative testing approaches. A body of evidence associates DILI with the induction of stress-response genes in liver cells. Here, we set out to identify signal transduction pathways predominantly involved in the regulation of gene transcription by DILI drugs. To this end, we employed ATTAGENE's cell-based multiplexed reporter assay, the FACTORIAL transcription factor (TF), that enables quantitative assessment of the activity of multiple stress-responsive TFs in a single well of cells. Homogeneous reporter system enables quantitative functional assessment of multiple transcription factors. Nat. Methods 5, 253-260). Using this assay, we assessed TF responses of the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 to a panel of 64 drug candidates, including 23 preclinical DILI and 11 clinical DILI compounds and 30 nonhepatotoxic compounds from a diverse physicochemical property space. We have identified 16 TF families that specifically responded to DILI drugs, including nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 antioxidant response element, octamer, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha, farnesoid-X receptor, TCF/beta-catenin, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, activator protein-1, E2F, early growth response-1, metal-response transcription factor 1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein, paired box protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, liver X receptor, interferone regulating factor, and P53, and 2 promoters that responded to multiple TFs (cytomegalovirus and direct repeat 3/vitamin D receptor). Some of TFs identified here also have previously defined role in pathogenesis of liver diseases. These data demonstrate the utility of cost-effective, animal-free, TF profiling assay for detecting DILI potential of drug candidates at early stages of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falgun Shah
- Computational Sciences, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | | | - Anne Mai Wassermann
- Computational Sciences, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Marian Brodney
- Computational Sciences, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Liying Zhang
- Computational Sciences, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | | | - Robert V Stanton
- Computational Sciences, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a very heterogeneous group that are thought to originate from the cells of the endocrine and nervous systems. These tumors develop in a number of organs, predominantly in the gastrointestinal and pulmonary systems. Clinical detection and diagnosis are reliable at the late stages when metastatic spread has occurred. However, traditional conventional therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy are not effective. In the majority of cases even surgical resection at that stage is unlikely to produce promising reusults. NETs present a serious clinical challenge, as the survival rates remain low, and as these rare tumors are very difficult to study, novel approaches and therapies are required. This review will highlight the important points of accumulated knowledge covering the molecular aspects of the role of neuroendocrine cells, hormonal peptides, the reasons for ectopic hormone production in NET, neuropeptides and epigenetic regulation as well as the other challenging questions that require further understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthik Patel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Karina Galoian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Holzberg M, Boergeling Y, Schräder T, Ludwig S, Ehrhardt C. Vemurafenib Limits Influenza A Virus Propagation by Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2426. [PMID: 29312159 PMCID: PMC5735105 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) can cause severe global pandemic outbreaks. The currently licensed antiviral drugs are not very effective and prone to viral resistance. Thus, novel effective and broadly active drugs are urgently needed. We have identified the cellular Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascade as crucial for IAV replication and suitable target for an antiviral intervention. Since this signaling cascade is aberrantly activated in many human cancers, several clinically approved inhibitors of Raf and MEK are now available. Here we explored the anti-IAV action of the licensed B-RafV600E inhibitor Vemurafenib. Treatment of B-RafWT cells with Vemurafenib induced a hyperactivation of the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade rather than inhibiting its activation upon IAV infection. Despite this hyperactivation, which has also been confirmed by others, Vemurafenib still strongly limited IAV-induced activation of other signaling cascades especially of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Most interestingly, Vemurafenib inhibited virus-induced apoptosis via impaired expression of apoptosis-inducing cytokines and led to hampered viral protein expression most likely due to the decreased activation of p38 and JNK MAPK. These multiple actions resulted in a profound and broadly active inhibition of viral replication, up to a titer reduction of three orders of a magnitude. Thus, while Vemurafenib did not act similar to MEK inhibitors, it displays strong antiviral properties via a distinct and multi-target mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Holzberg
- Institute of Virology Muenster, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Yvonne Boergeling
- Institute of Virology Muenster, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Cells in Motion, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tobias Schräder
- Institute of Virology Muenster, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Virology Muenster, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Cells in Motion, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christina Ehrhardt
- Institute of Virology Muenster, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Cells in Motion, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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46
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Wang Y, Luo S, Zhang D, Qu X, Tan Y. Sika pilose antler type I collagen promotes BMSC differentiation via the ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK signal pathways. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:2196-2204. [PMID: 29115171 PMCID: PMC6130603 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1397177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sika pilose antler type I collagen (SPC-I) have been reported to promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation and differentiation. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of SPC-I on the BMSC proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast (OB) in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS The primary rat BMSC was cultured and exposed to SPC-I at different concentrations (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/mL) for 20 days. The effect of SPC-I on the differentiation of BMSCs was evaluated through detecting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ALP staining, collagen I (Col-I) content, and calcified nodules. The markers of osteoblastic differentiation were evaluated using RT-PCR and Western-blot analysis. RESULTS SPC-I treatment (2.5 mg/mL) significantly increased the proliferation of BMSCs (p < 0.01), whereas, SPC-I (5.0 and 10.0 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the proliferation of BMSCs (p < 0.01). SPC-I (2.5 mg/mL) significantly increased ALP activity and Col-I content (p < 0.01), and increased positive cells in ALP staining and the formation of calcified nodules. Additionally, the gene expression of ALP, Col-I, Osteocalcin (OC), Runx2, Osterix (Osx), ERK1/2, BMP2 and p38-MAPK, along with the protein expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-p38 MAPK were markedly increased in the SPC-I (5.0 mg/mL) treatment group (p < 0.01) compared to the control group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS SPC-I can induce BMSC differentiation into OBs and enhance the function of osteogenesis through ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK signal transduction pathways and regulating the gene expression of osteogenesis-specific transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuang Wang
- Center for New Medicine Research, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Su Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Dafang Zhang
- Center for New Medicine Research, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaobo Qu
- Center for New Medicine Research, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Zanoaga O, Jurj A, Raduly L, Cojocneanu-Petric R, Fuentes-Mattei E, Wu O, Braicu C, Gherman CD, Berindan-Neagoe I. Implications of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1167-1176. [PMID: 29434704 PMCID: PMC5776638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents one of the most common forms of cancer in women worldwide, with an increase in the number of newly diagnosed patients in the last decade. The role of fatty acids, particularly of a diet rich in ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in breast cancer development is not fully understood and remains controversial due to their complex mechanism of action. However, a large number of animal models and cell culture studies have demonstrated that high levels of ω-3 PUFAs have an inhibitory role in the development and progression of breast cancer, compared to ω-6 PUFAs. The present review focused on recent studies regarding the correlation between dietary PUFAs and breast cancer development, and aimed to emphasize the main molecular mechanisms involved in the modification of cell membrane structure and function, modulation of signal transduction pathways, gene expression regulation, and antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects. Furthermore, the anticancer role of ω-3 PUFAs through the modulation of microRNA expression levels was also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Physiopathology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu-Petric
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Oscar Wu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Tech University Honors College, McClellan Hall, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Diana Gherman
- Surgical Clinic II Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgery, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wang Y, Wang D, Wang F, Huang L, Tian X, van Nocker S, Gao H, Wang X. Expression of the Grape VaSTS19 Gene in Arabidopsis Improves Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Botrytis cinerea but Increases Susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringe pv Tomato DC3000. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2000. [PMID: 28926983 PMCID: PMC5618649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18092000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stilbene synthase (STS) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of resveratrol compounds and plays an important role in disease resistance. The molecular pathways linking STS with pathogen responses and their regulation are not known. We isolated an STS gene, VaSTS19, from a Chinese wild grape, Vitis amurensis Rupr. cv. "Tonghua-3", and transferred this gene to Arabidopsis. We then generated VaSTS19-expressing Arabidopsis lines and evaluated the functions of VaSTS19 in various pathogen stresses, including powdery mildew, B. cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000). VaSTS19 enhanced resistance to powdery mildew and B. cinerea, but increased susceptibility to PstDC3000. Aniline blue staining revealed that VaSTS19 transgenic lines accumulated more callose compared to nontransgenic control plants, and showed smaller stomatal apertures when exposed to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (flagellin fragment (flg22) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS)). Analysis of the expression of several disease-related genes suggested that VaSTS19 expression enhanced defense responses though salicylic acid (SA) and/or jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. These findings provide a deeper insight into the function of STS genes in defense against pathogens, and a better understanding of the regulatory cross talk between SA and JA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Dejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xiaomin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Steve van Nocker
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Elmarakeby H, Arefiyan M, Myers E, Li S, Grene R, Heath LS. Beacon Editor: Capturing Signal Transduction Pathways Using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation Activity Flow Language. J Comput Biol 2017; 24:1226-1229. [PMID: 28846457 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2017.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Beacon Editor is a cross-platform desktop application for the creation and modification of signal transduction pathways using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation Activity Flow (SBGN-AF) language. Prompted by biologists' requests for enhancements, the Beacon Editor includes numerous powerful features for the benefit of creation and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mostafa Arefiyan
- 2 Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Elijah Myers
- 3 Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Song Li
- 4 Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Ruth Grene
- 5 Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Lenwood S Heath
- 1 Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
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50
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Li JR, Qu TT. Into the eyes of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells therapy for myocardial infarction and other diseases. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:69. [PMID: 28920062 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Applications of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been documented for diseases occur in the sports system, the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system etc. However, poor viability of donor stem cells after transplantation limits their therapeutic efficiency. Although the autophagy theory has been reported, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Isolation and culture methods of mesenchymal stem cells are currently concentrate on four ways. Overall, BM-MSCs have both important research significance and clinical application value in cell replacement therapy, gene therapy and reconstruction of tissues as well as organs especially for myocardial infarction (MI). In this article, we review the biological characteristics of BM-MSCs and its research progress especially in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ting-Ting Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
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