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Przybylski L, Kroliczak G. The functional organization of skilled actions in the adextral and atypical brain. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108735. [PMID: 37984793 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
When planning functional grasps of tools, right-handed individuals (dextrals) show mostly left-lateralized neural activity in the praxis representation network (PRN), regardless of the used hand. Here we studied whether or not similar cerebral asymmetries are evident in non-righthanded individuals (adextrals). Sixty two participants, 28 righthanders and 34 non-righthanders (21 lefthanders, 13 mixedhanders), planned functional grasps of tools vs. grasps of control objects, and subsequently performed their pantomimed executions, in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) project. Both hands were tested, separately in two different sessions, counterbalanced across participants. After accounting for non-functional components of the prospective grasp, planning functional grasps of tools was associated with greater engagement of the same, left-hemisphere occipito-temporal, parietal and frontal areas of PRN, regardless of hand and handedness. Only when the analyses involved signal changes referenced to resting baseline intervals, differences between adextrals and dextrals emerged. Whereas in the left hemisphere the neural activity was equivalent in both groups (except for the occipito-temporo-parietal junction), its increases in the right occipito-temporal cortex, medial intraparietal sulcus (area MIP), the supramarginal gyrus (area PFt/PF), and middle frontal gyrus (area p9-46v) were significantly greater in adextrals. The inverse contrast was empty. Notably, when individuals with atypical and typical hemispheric phenotypes were directly compared, planning functional (vs. control) grasps invoked, instead, significant clusters located nearly exclusively in the left hemisphere of the typical phenotype. Previous studies interpret similar right-sided vs. left-sided increases in neural activity for skilled actions as handedness dependent, i.e., located in the hemisphere dominant for manual skills. Yet, none of the effects observed here can be purely handedness dependent because there were mixed-handed individuals among adextrals, and numerous mixed-handed and left-handed individuals possess the typical phenotype. Thus, our results clearly show that hand dominance has limited power in driving the cerebral organization of motor cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przybylski
- Action & Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gregory Kroliczak
- Action & Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
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Kulik V, Reyes LD, Sherwood CC. Coevolution of language and tools in the human brain: An ALE meta-analysis of neural activation during syntactic processing and tool use. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2023; 275:93-115. [PMID: 36841572 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Language and complex tool use are often cited as behaviors unique to humans and may be evolutionarily linked owing to the underlying cognitive processes they have in common. We executed a quantitative activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis (GingerALE 2.3) on published, whole-brain neuroimaging studies to identify areas associated with syntactic processing and/or tool use in humans. Significant clusters related to syntactic processing were identified in areas known to be related to language production and comprehension, including bilateral Broca's area in the inferior frontal gyrus. Tool use activation clusters were all in the left hemisphere and included the primary motor cortex and premotor cortex, in addition to other areas involved with sensorimotor transformation. Activation shared by syntactic processing and tool use was only significant at one cluster, located in the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus. This minimal overlap between syntactic processing and tool use activation from our meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies indicates that there is not a widespread common neural network between the two. Broca's area may serve as an important hub that was initially recruited in early human evolution in the context of simple tool use, but was eventually co-opted for linguistic purposes, including the sequential and hierarchical ordering processes that characterize syntax. In the future, meta-analyses of additional components of language may allow for a more comprehensive examination of the functional networks that underlie the coevolution of human language and complex tool use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kulik
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Laura D Reyes
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Chet C Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
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3
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Pastore-Wapp M, Gyurkó DM, Vanbellingen T, Lehnick D, Cazzoli D, Pflugshaupt T, Pflugi S, Nyffeler T, Walther S, Bohlhalter S. Improved gesturing in left-hemispheric stroke by right inferior parietal theta burst stimulation. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:998729. [PMID: 36590287 PMCID: PMC9800932 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.998729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Apraxia is a common syndrome of left hemispheric stroke. A parieto-premotor-prefrontal network has been associated with apraxia, in which the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL-L) plays a major role. We hypothesized that transcranial continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) over the right inferior parietal lobe (IPL-R) improves gesturing by reducing its inhibition on the contralateral IPL in left hemispheric stroke patients. It was assumed that this effect is independent of lesion volume and that transcallosal connectivity is predictive for gestural effect after stimulation. Materials and methods Nineteen stroke patients were recruited. Lesion volume and fractional anisotropy of the corpus callosum were acquired with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Each patient had pseudorandomised sessions with sham or with stimulation over the IPL-R or over the right inferior frontal gyrus IFG-R. Gesturing was assessed in a double-blinded manner before and after each session. We tested the effects of stimulation on gesture performance using a linear mixed-effects model. Results Pairwise treatment contrasts showed, that, compared to sham, the behavioral effect was higher after stimulation over IPL-R (12.08, 95% CI 6.04 - 18.13, p < 0.001). This treatment effect was approximately twice as high as the contrasts for IFG-R vs. sham (6.25, 95% CI -0.20 - 12.70, p = 0.058) and IPL-R vs. IFG-R vs. sham (5.83, 95% CI -0.49 - 12.15, p = 0.071). Furthermore, higher fractional anisotropy in the splenium (connecting the left and right IPL) were associated with higher behavioral effect. Relative lesion volume did not affect the changes after sham or stimulation over IPL-R or IFG-R. Conclusion One single session of cTBS over the IPL-R improved gesturing after left hemispheric stroke. Denser microstructure in the corpus callosum correlated with favorable gestural response. We therefore propose the indirect transcallosal modulation of the IPL-L as a promising model of restoring interhemispheric balance, which may be useful in rehabilitation of apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Pastore-Wapp
- Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland,ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland,ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Lehnick
- Biostatistics and Methodology, Clinical Trials Unit Central Switzerland, Lucerne, Switzerland,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Dario Cazzoli
- Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland,ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Nyffeler
- Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland,ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Biostatistics and Methodology, Clinical Trials Unit Central Switzerland, Lucerne, Switzerland,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland,Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Stephan Bohlhalter,
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Michalowski B, Buchwald M, Klichowski M, Ras M, Kroliczak G. Action goals and the praxis network: an fMRI study. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2261-2284. [PMID: 35731447 PMCID: PMC9418102 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The praxis representation network (PRN) of the left cerebral hemisphere is typically linked to the control of functional interactions with familiar tools. Surprisingly, little is known about the PRN engagement in planning and execution of tool-directed actions motivated by non-functional but purposeful action goals. Here we used functional neuroimaging to perform both univariate and multi-voxel pattern analyses (MVPA) in 20 right-handed participants who planned and later executed, with their dominant and non-dominant hands, disparate grasps of tools for different goals, including: (1) planning simple vs. demanding functional grasps of conveniently vs. inconveniently oriented tools with an intention to immediately use them, (2) planning simple—but non-functional—grasps of inconveniently oriented tools with a goal to pass them to a different person, (3) planning reaching movements directed at such tools with an intention to move/push them with the back of the hand, and (4) pantomimed execution of the earlier planned tasks. While PRN contributed to the studied interactions with tools, the engagement of its critical nodes, and/or complementary right hemisphere processing, was differently modulated by task type. E.g., planning non-functional/structural grasp-to-pass movements of inconveniently oriented tools, regardless of the hand, invoked the left parietal and prefrontal nodes significantly more than simple, non-demanding functional grasps. MVPA corroborated decoding capabilities of critical PRN areas and some of their right hemisphere counterparts. Our findings shed new lights on how performance of disparate action goals influences the extraction of object affordances, and how or to what extent it modulates the neural activity within the parieto-frontal brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Michalowski
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki UAM, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Buchwald
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki UAM, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Klichowski
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki UAM, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznan, Poland.,Learning Laboratory, Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Ras
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki UAM, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gregory Kroliczak
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki UAM, ul. Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznan, Poland.
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Yue X, Zhang G, Li X, Shen Y, Wei W, Bai Y, Luo Y, Wei H, Li Z, Zhang X, Wang M. Brain Functional Alterations in Prepubertal Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:891965. [PMID: 35664346 PMCID: PMC9160196 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.891965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Abnormal brain function in ASD patients changes dynamically across developmental stages. However, no one has studied the brain function of prepubertal children with ASD. Prepuberty is an important stage for children’s socialization. This study aimed to investigate alterations in local spontaneous brain activity in prepubertal boys with ASD. Materials and Methods Measures of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) acquired from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) database, including 34 boys with ASD and 49 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7 to 10 years, were used to detect regional brain activity. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted on the relationship between abnormal ALFF and ReHo values and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) scores. Results In the ASD group, we found decreased ALFF in the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and decreased ReHo in the left lingual gyrus (LG), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and right cuneus (p < 0.05, FDR correction). There were negative correlations between ReHo values in the left LG and left STG and the ADOS social affect score and a negative correlation between ReHo values in the left STG and the calibrated severity total ADOS score. Conclusion Brain regions with functional abnormalities, including the left IPL, left LG, left STG, left MOG, and right cuneus may be crucial in the neuropathology of prepubertal boys with ASD. Furthermore, ReHo abnormalities in the left LG and left STG were correlated with sociality. These results will supplement the study of neural mechanisms in ASD at different developmental stages, and be helpful in exploring the neural mechanisms of prepubertal boys with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipeng Yue
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Wei
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | | | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meiyun Wang,
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Osiurak F, Reynaud E, Baumard J, Rossetti Y, Bartolo A, Lesourd M. Pantomime of tool use: looking beyond apraxia. Brain Commun 2022; 3:fcab263. [PMID: 35350708 PMCID: PMC8936430 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pantomime has a long tradition in clinical neuropsychology of apraxia. It has been much more used by researchers and clinicians to assess tool-use disorders than real tool use. Nevertheless, it remains incompletely understood and has given rise to controversies, such as the involvement of the left inferior parietal lobe or the nature of the underlying cognitive processes. The present article offers a comprehensive framework, with the aim of specifying the neural and cognitive bases of pantomime. To do so, we conducted a series of meta-analyses of brain-lesion, neuroimaging and behavioural studies about pantomime and other related tasks (i.e. real tool use, imitation of meaningless postures and semantic knowledge). The first key finding is that the area PF (Area PF complex) within the left inferior parietal lobe is crucially involved in both pantomime and real tool use as well as in the kinematics component of pantomime. The second key finding is the absence of a well-defined neural substrate for the posture component of pantomime (both grip errors and body-part-as-tool responses). The third key finding is the role played by the intraparietal sulcus in both pantomime and imitation of meaningless postures. The fourth key finding is that the left angular gyrus seems to be critical in the production of motor actions directed towards the body. The fifth key finding is that performance on pantomime is strongly correlated with the severity of semantic deficits. Taken together, these findings invite us to offer a neurocognitive model of pantomime, which provides an integrated alternative to the two hypotheses that dominate the field: The gesture-engram hypothesis and the communicative hypothesis. More specifically, this model assumes that technical reasoning (notably the left area PF), the motor-control system (notably the intraparietal sulcus), body structural description (notably the left angular gyrus), semantic knowledge (notably the polar temporal lobes) and potentially theory of mind (notably the middle prefrontal cortex) work in concert to produce pantomime. The original features of this model open new avenues for understanding the neurocognitive bases of pantomime, emphasizing that pantomime is a communicative task that nevertheless originates in specific tool-use (not motor-related) cognitive processes. <Please insert Graphical abstract here>
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Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Emanuelle Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France
| | - Josselin Baumard
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA7475), 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Trajectoires Team, CNRS U5292, Inserm U1028, Université de Lyon, 69676 Bron, France.,Mouvement, Handicap, et Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR9193, SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR481), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
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7
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Merrick CM, Dixon TC, Breska A, Lin J, Chang EF, King-Stephens D, Laxer KD, Weber PB, Carmena J, Thomas Knight R, Ivry RB. Left hemisphere dominance for bilateral kinematic encoding in the human brain. eLife 2022; 11:e69977. [PMID: 35227374 PMCID: PMC8887902 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurophysiological studies in humans and nonhuman primates have revealed movement representations in both the contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres. Inspired by clinical observations, we ask if this bilateral representation differs for the left and right hemispheres. Electrocorticography was recorded in human participants during an instructed-delay reaching task, with movements produced with either the contralateral or ipsilateral arm. Using a cross-validated kinematic encoding model, we found stronger bilateral encoding in the left hemisphere, an effect that was present during preparation and was amplified during execution. Consistent with this asymmetry, we also observed better across-arm generalization in the left hemisphere, indicating similar neural representations for right and left arm movements. Notably, these left hemisphere electrodes were centered over premotor and parietal regions. The more extensive bilateral encoding in the left hemisphere adds a new perspective to the pervasive neuropsychological finding that the left hemisphere plays a dominant role in praxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Merrick
- Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Tanner C Dixon
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Assaf Breska
- Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Jack Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of California at IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Edward F Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - David King-Stephens
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Kenneth D Laxer
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Peter B Weber
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jose Carmena
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Robert Thomas Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Richard B Ivry
- Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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Chapellier V, Pavlidou A, Mueller DR, Walther S. Brain Stimulation and Group Therapy to Improve Gesture and Social Skills in Schizophrenia-The Study Protocol of a Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Three-Arm, Double-Blind Trial. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:909703. [PMID: 35873264 PMCID: PMC9301234 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.909703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED An important component of nonverbal communication is gesture performance, which is strongly impaired in 2/3 of patients with schizophrenia. Gesture deficits in schizophrenia are linked to poor social functioning and reduced quality of life. Therefore, interventions that can help alleviate these deficits in schizophrenia are crucial. Here, we describe an ongoing randomized, double-blind 3-arm, sham-controlled trial that combines two interventions to reduce gesture deficits in schizophrenia patients. The combined interventions are continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) and social cognitive remediation therapy (SCRT). We will randomize 72 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in three different groups of 24 patients. The first group will receive real cTBS and real SCRT, the second group will receive sham cTBS and real SCRT, and finally the third group will receive sham SCRT. Here, the sham treatments are, as per definition, inactive interventions that mimic as closely as possible the real treatments (similar to placebo). In addition, 24 age- and gender-matched controls with no interventions will be added for comparison. Measures of nonverbal communication, social cognition, and multimodal brain imaging will be applied at baseline and after intervention. The main research aim of this project will be to test whether the combination of cTBS and SCRT improves gesture performance and social functioning in schizophrenia patients more than standalone cTBS, SCRT or sham psychotherapy. We hypothesize that the patient group receiving the combined interventions will be superior in improving gesture performance. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04106427].
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Chapellier
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anastasia Pavlidou
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel R Mueller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Pavlidou A, Viher PV, Bachofner H, Weiss F, Stegmayer K, Shankman SA, Mittal VA, Walther S. Hand gesture performance is impaired in major depressive disorder: A matter of working memory performance? J Affect Disord 2021; 292:81-88. [PMID: 34107424 PMCID: PMC8797922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with depression exhibit numerous interpersonal deficits. As effective use of gestures is critical for social communication, it is possible that depressed individuals' interpersonal deficits may be due to deficits in gesture performance. The present study thus compared gesture performance of depressed patients and controls and examined whether these deficits relate to cognitive and other domains of dysfunction. METHODS Gesture performance was evaluated in 30 depressed patients and 30 controls using the Test of Upper Limb Apraxia (TULIA). Clinical rating scales were assessed to determine if gesture deficits were associated with motor, cognitive or functional outcomes. RESULTS Compared to controls, depressed patients exhibited impaired gesture performance with 2/3 of the patients demonstrating gesture deficits. Within depressed patients, gesture performance was highly correlated with working memory abilities. In contrast, no association between gesture performance and gestural knowledge, psychomotor retardation, depression severity, or frontal dysfunction was observed in patients. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional study and a larger size would have allowed for confident detection of more subtle, but potentially relevant effects. CONCLUSION Gesture performance is impaired in depressed patients, and appears to be related to poor working memory abilities, suggesting a disruption in the retrieval of gestural cues indicative of a distinct clinical phenomenon that might be related to social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Pavlidou
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Petra V Viher
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hanta Bachofner
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florian Weiss
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stewart A Shankman
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, USA; Northwestern University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, USA; Northwestern University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA; Northwestern University, Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Policy Research, Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Evanston, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sebastian Walther
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translation Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
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10
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O'Neal CM, Ahsan SA, Dadario NB, Fonseka RD, Young IM, Parker A, Maxwell BD, Yeung JT, Briggs RG, Teo C, Sughrue ME. A connectivity model of the anatomic substrates underlying ideomotor apraxia: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 207:106765. [PMID: 34237682 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ideomotor apraxia (IMA) present with selective impairments in higher-order motor cognition and execution without damage to any motor or sensory pathways. Although extensive research has been conducted to determine the regions of interest (ROIs) underlying these unique impairments, previous models are heterogeneous and may be further clarified based on their structural connectivity, which has been far less described. OBJECTIVE The goal of this research is to propose an anatomically concise network model for the neurophysiologic basis of IMA, specific to the voluntary pantomime, imitation and tool execution, based on intrinsic white matter connectivity. METHODS We utilized meta-analytic software to identify relevant ROIs in ideomotor apraxia as reported in the literature based on functional neuroimaging data with healthy participants. After generating an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) of relevant ROIs, cortical parcellations overlapping the ALE were used to construct an anatomically precise model of anatomic substrates using the parcellation scheme outlined by the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Deterministic tractography was then performed on 25 randomly selected, healthy HCP subjects to determine the structural connectivity underlying the identified ROIs. RESULTS 10 task-based fMRI studies met our inclusion criteria and the ALE analysis demonstrated 6 ROIs to constitute the IMA network: SCEF, FOP4, MIP, AIP, 7AL, and 7PC. These parcellations represent a fronto-parietal network consisting mainly of intra-parietal, U-shaped association fibers (40%) and long-range inferior fronto-occipital fascicle (IFOF) fibers (50%). These findings support previous functional models based on dual-stream motor processing. CONCLUSION We constructed a preliminary model demonstrating the underlying structural interconnectedness of anatomic substrates involved in higher-order motor functioning which is seen impaired in IMA. Our model provides support for previous dual-stream processing frameworks discussed in the literature, but further clarification is necessary with voxel-based lesion studies of IMA to further refine these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christen M O'Neal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Syed A Ahsan
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - R Dineth Fonseka
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Allan Parker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - B David Maxwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jacky T Yeung
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Charles Teo
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
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11
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Choudhury M, Steines M, Nagels A, Riedl L, Kircher T, Straube B. Neural Basis of Speech-Gesture Mismatch Detection in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1761-1771. [PMID: 34050672 PMCID: PMC8530401 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) exhibit an aberrant perception and comprehension of abstract speech-gesture combinations associated with dysfunctional activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Recently, a significant deficit of speech-gesture mismatch detection was identified in SSD, but the underlying neural mechanisms have not yet been examined. A novel mismatch-detection fMRI paradigm was implemented manipulating speech-gesture abstractness (abstract/concrete) and relatedness (related/unrelated). During fMRI data acquisition, 42 SSD patients (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or other non-organic psychotic disorder [ICD-10: F20, F25, F28; DSM-IV: 295.X]) and 36 healthy controls were presented with short video clips of an actor reciting abstract or concrete sentences accompanied by either a semantically related or unrelated gesture. Participants indicated via button press whether they perceived each gesture as matching the speech content or not. Speech-gesture mismatch detection performance was significantly impaired in patients compared to controls. fMRI data analysis revealed that patients showed lower activation in bilateral frontal areas, including the IFG for all abstract > concrete speech-gesture pairs. In addition, they exhibited reduced engagement of the right supplementary motor area (SMA) and bilateral anterior cingulate cortices (ACC) for unrelated > related stimuli. We provide first evidence that impaired speech-gesture mismatch detection in SSD could be the result of dysfunctional activation of the SMA and ACC. Failure to activate the left IFG disrupts the integration of abstract speech-gesture combinations in particular. Future investigations should focus on brain stimulation of the SMA, ACC, and the IFG to improve communication and social functioning in SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Choudhury
- Translational Neuroimaging Marburg (TNM), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Steines
- Translational Neuroimaging Marburg (TNM), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Arne Nagels
- Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lydia Riedl
- Translational Neuroimaging Marburg (TNM), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany,Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Translational Neuroimaging Marburg (TNM), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, D-35039 Marburg, Germany; tel: +49-(0)6421-58-66429, fax: +49-3212-75-86605, e-mail:
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12
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Wymbs NF, Nebel MB, Ewen JB, Mostofsky SH. Altered Inferior Parietal Functional Connectivity is Correlated with Praxis and Social Skill Performance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:2639-2652. [PMID: 33386399 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties perceiving and producing skilled gestures, or praxis. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is crucial to praxis acquisition and expression, yet how IPL connectivity contributes to autism-associated impairments in praxis as well as social-communicative skill remains unclear. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we applied independent component analysis to test how IPL connectivity relates to praxis and social-communicative skills in children with and without ASD. Across all children (with/without ASD), praxis positively correlated with connectivity of left posterior-IPL with the left dorsal premotor cortex and with the bilateral posterior/medial parietal cortex. Praxis also correlated with connectivity of right central-IPL connectivity with the left intraparietal sulcus and medial parietal lobe. Further, in children with ASD, poorer praxis and social-communicative skills both correlated with weaker right central-IPL connectivity with the left cerebellum, posterior cingulate, and right dorsal premotor cortex. Our findings suggest that IPL connectivity is linked to praxis development, that contributions arise bilaterally, and that right IPL connectivity is associated with impaired praxis and social-communicative skills in autism. The findings underscore the potential impact of IPL connectivity and impaired skill acquisition on the development of a range of social-communicative and motor functions during childhood, including autism-associated impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F Wymbs
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mary Beth Nebel
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joshua B Ewen
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Gesture deficits and apraxia in schizophrenia. Cortex 2020; 133:65-75. [PMID: 33099076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant performance of skilled action has long been noted in schizophrenia and relatedly, recent reports have demonstrated impaired use, performance, and perception of hand gestures in this group. Still, this deficit is not acknowledged as apraxia, which to the broader medical field, characterizes impairments in skilled actions. Understanding the relationship between apraxia and schizophrenia may shed an invaluable new perspective on disease mechanism, and highlight novel treatment opportunities as well. To examine this potential link, we reviewed the evidence for the types of praxis errors, associated psychopathology, and cerebral correlates of the praxis deficit in schizophrenia. Notably, the review indicated that gesture deficits are severe enough to be considered genuine apraxia in a substantial proportion of patients (about 25%). Further, other potential contributors (e.g., hypokinetic motor abnormalities, cognitive impairment) are indeed associated with gesture deficits in schizophrenia, but do not sufficiently explain the abnormality. Finally, patients with praxis deficits have altered brain structure and function including the left parieto-premotor praxis network and these neural correlates are specific to the praxis deficit. Therefore, we argue that the gestural disorder frequently observed in schizophrenia shares both the clinical and neurophysiological features of true apraxia, as in other neuropsychiatric disorders with impaired higher order motor control, such as Parkinson's disease.
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14
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Wüthrich F, Pavlidou A, Stegmayer K, Eisenhardt S, Moor J, Schäppi L, Vanbellingen T, Bohlhalter S, Walther S. Nonverbal communication remains untouched: No beneficial effect of symptomatic improvement on poor gesture performance in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2020; 223:258-264. [PMID: 32883557 PMCID: PMC7952214 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestures are an important part of communication. Patients with schizophrenia present gesture deficits that tend to deteriorate in the course of the disease and hamper functional outcome. This gesture deficit has been associated with motor abnormalities, cognitive impairment, and psychotic symptoms. Unaffected, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients share some subclinical motor and cognitive abnormalities. We aimed to investigate, whether gesture performance changes with symptomatic improvement in patients, and to test the longitudinal performance in unaffected, first-degree relatives. METHODS In this study, we measured gesture performance using a validated test in 33 patients, 29 first-degree relatives and 38 healthy controls. Measurements were completed shortly after admission and before discharge in patients. Performance was rated blindly by experts using video recordings of the gesture task. Additionally, we evaluated cognitive function and psychotic symptoms at both visits. RESULTS Gesture performance was poorer in relatives compared to controls and poorer in patients compared to both relatives and controls. Patients showed an improvement in psychopathology but a significant decrease in gesture performance at follow-up, while performance in the other groups remained stable. Proportional change of gesture performance correlated with change of cognitive function in patients, whereas there were no correlations with change of cognitive function in the other groups. CONCLUSION While symptom severity was reduced, the gesture deficit further deteriorated in schizophrenia. The finding argues for distinct processes contributing to poor nonverbal communication skills in patients, requiring novel alternative treatment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wüthrich
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Anastasia Pavlidou
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Eisenhardt
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jeanne Moor
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland,Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lea Schäppi
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim Vanbellingen
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Switzerland,Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Viher PV, Abdulkadir A, Savadijev P, Stegmayer K, Kubicki M, Makris N, Karmacharya S, Federspiel A, Bohlhalter S, Vanbellingen T, Müri R, Wiest R, Strik W, Walther S. Structural organization of the praxis network predicts gesture production: Evidence from healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia. Cortex 2020; 132:322-333. [PMID: 33011518 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hand gestures are an integral part of social interactions and communication. Several imaging studies in healthy subjects and lesion studies in patients with apraxia suggest the praxis network for gesture production, involving mainly left inferior frontal, posterior parietal and temporal regions. However, little is known about the structural connectivity underlying gesture production. We recruited 41 healthy participants and 39 patients with schizophrenia. All participants performed a gesture production test, the Test of Upper Limb Apraxia, and underwent diffusion tensor imaging. We hypothesized that gesture production is associated with structural network connectivity as well as with tract integrity. We defined the praxis network as an undirected graph comprised of 13 bilateral regions of interest and derived measures of local and global structural connectivity and tract integrity from Finsler geometry. We found an association of gesture deficit with reduced global and local efficiency of the praxis network. Furthermore, reduced tract integrity, for example in the superior longitudinal fascicle, arcuate fascicle or corpus callosum were related to gesture deficits. Our findings contribute to the understanding of structural correlates of gesture production as they first present diffusion tensor imaging data in a combined sample of healthy subjects and a patient cohort with gestural deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra V Viher
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Ahmed Abdulkadir
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Savadijev
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sarina Karmacharya
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - René Müri
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center of Advanced Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Werner Strik
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Brain correlates of motor complexity during observed and executed actions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10965. [PMID: 32620887 PMCID: PMC7335074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, cortical areas with motor properties have attracted attention widely to their involvement in both action generation and perception. Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), presumably consisting of motor-related areas, are of particular interest, given that they respond to motor behaviors both when they are performed and observed. Converging neuroimaging evidence has shown the functional roles of IFG, PMv and IPL in action understanding. Most studies have focused on the effects of modulations in goals and kinematics of observed actions on the brain response, but little research has explored the effects of manipulations in motor complexity. To address this, we used fNIRS to examine the brain activity in the frontal, motor, parietal and occipital regions, aiming to better understand the brain correlates involved in encoding motor complexity. Twenty-one healthy adults executed and observed two hand actions that differed in motor complexity. We found that motor complexity sensitive brain regions were present in the pars opercularis IFG/PMv, primary motor cortex (M1), IPL/supramarginal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus (MOG) during action execution, and in pars opercularis IFG/PMv and M1 during action observation. Our findings suggest that the processing of motor complexity involves not only M1 but also pars opercularis IFG, PMv and IPL, each of which plays a critical role in action perception and execution.
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17
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Wüthrich F, Viher PV, Stegmayer K, Federspiel A, Bohlhalter S, Vanbellingen T, Wiest R, Walther S. Dysbalanced Resting-State Functional Connectivity Within the Praxis Network Is Linked to Gesture Deficits in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:905-915. [PMID: 32052844 PMCID: PMC7342100 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia frequently present deficits in gesture production and interpretation, greatly affecting their communication skills. As these gesture deficits can be found early in the course of illness and as they can predict later outcomes, exploring their neural basis may lead to a better understanding of schizophrenia. While gesturing has been reported to rely on a left lateralized network of brain regions, termed praxis network, in healthy subjects and lesioned patients, studies in patients with schizophrenia are sparse. It is currently unclear whether within-network connectivity at rest is linked to gesture deficit. Here, we compared the functional connectivity between regions of the praxis network at rest between 46 patients and 44 healthy controls. All participants completed a validated test of hand gesture performance before resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was acquired. Patients performed gestures poorer than controls in all categories and domains. In patients, we also found significantly higher resting-state functional connectivity between left precentral gyrus and bilateral superior and inferior parietal lobule. Likewise, patients had higher connectivity from right precentral gyrus to left inferior and bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL). In contrast, they exhibited lower connectivity between bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG). Connectivity between right precentral gyrus and left SPL, as well as connectivity between bilateral STG, correlated with gesture performance in healthy controls. We failed to detect similar correlations in patients. We suggest that altered resting-state functional connectivity within the praxis network perturbs correct gesture planning in patients, reflecting the gesture deficit often seen in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wüthrich
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,To whom correspondence should be addressed; University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translational Research Center, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland; tel: +41-31-932-87-13, fax: +41 31 930 99 61, e-mail:
| | - Petra V Viher
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Human brain connectivity: Clinical applications for clinical neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:1621-1651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Vanbellingen T, Pastore-Wapp M, Kübel S, Nyffeler T, Schüpfer AC, Kiefer C, Zizlsperger L, Lutz K, Luft AR, Walther S, Bohlhalter S. Interhemispheric facilitation of gesturing: A combined theta burst stimulation and diffusion tensor imaging study. Brain Stimul 2020; 13:457-463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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20
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A network underlying human higher-order motor control: Insights from machine learning-based lesion-behaviour mapping in apraxia of pantomime. Cortex 2019; 121:308-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Dressing A, Kaller CP, Nitschke K, Beume LA, Kuemmerer D, Schmidt CS, Bormann T, Umarova RM, Egger K, Rijntjes M, Weiller C, Martin M. Neural correlates of acute apraxia: Evidence from lesion data and functional MRI in stroke patients. Cortex 2019; 120:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Watson CE, Gotts SJ, Martin A, Buxbaum LJ. Bilateral functional connectivity at rest predicts apraxic symptoms after left hemisphere stroke. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 21:101526. [PMID: 30612063 PMCID: PMC6319198 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that focal lesions following stroke cause alterations in connectivity among functional brain networks. Functional connectivity between hemispheres has been shown to be particularly critical for predicting stroke-related behavioral deficits and recovery of motor function and attention. Much less is known, however, about the relevance of interhemispheric functional connectivity for cognitive abilities like praxis that rely on strongly lateralized brain networks. In the current study, we examine correlations between symptoms of apraxia-a disorder of skilled action that cannot be attributed to lower-level sensory or motor impairments-and spontaneous, resting brain activity in functional MRI in chronic left hemisphere stroke patients and neurologically-intact control participants. Using a data-driven approach, we identified 32 regions-of-interest in which pairwise functional connectivity correlated with two distinct measures of apraxia, even when controlling for age, head motion, lesion volume, and other artifacts: overall ability to pantomime the typical use of a tool, and disproportionate difficulty pantomiming the use of tools associated with different, competing use and grasp-to-move actions (e.g., setting a kitchen timer versus picking it up). Better performance on both measures correlated with stronger interhemispheric functional connectivity. Relevant regions in the right hemisphere were often homologous to left hemisphere areas associated with tool use and action. Additionally, relative to overall pantomime accuracy, disproportionate difficulty pantomiming the use of tools associated with competing use and grasp actions was associated with weakened functional connectivity among a more strongly left-lateralized and peri-Sylvian set of brain regions. Finally, patient performance on both measures of apraxia was best predicted by a model that incorporated information about lesion location and functional connectivity, and functional connectivity continued to explain unique variance in behavior even after accounting for lesion loci. These results indicate that interhemispheric functional connectivity is relevant even for a strongly lateralized cognitive ability like praxis and emphasize the importance of the right hemisphere in skilled action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen J Gotts
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex Martin
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laurel J Buxbaum
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
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23
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Stegmayer K, Bohlhalter S, Vanbellingen T, Federspiel A, Wiest R, Müri RM, Strik W, Walther S. Limbic Interference During Social Action Planning in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:359-368. [PMID: 28575506 PMCID: PMC5814975 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by social interaction deficits contributing to poor functional outcome. Hand gesture use is particularly impaired, linked to frontal lobe dysfunction and frontal grey matter deficits. The functional neural correlates of impaired gesturing are currently unclear. We therefore investigated aberrant brain activity during impaired gesturing in schizophrenia. We included 22 patients with schizophrenia and 25 healthy control participants matched for age, gender, and education level. We obtained functional magnetic resonance imaging data using an event-related paradigm to assess brain activation during gesture planning and execution. Group differences in whole brain effects were calculated using factorial designs. Gesture ratings were performed by a single rater, blind to diagnoses and clinical presentation. During gesture planning and execution both groups activated brain areas of the praxis network. However, patients had reduced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and increased inferior parietal lobe (IPL) activity. Performance accuracy was associated with IPL activity in patients. Furthermore, patients activated temporal poles, amygdala and hippocampus during gesture planning, which was associated with delusion severity. Finally, patients demonstrated increased dorsomedial prefrontal cortex activity during planning of novel gestures. We demonstrate less prefrontal, but more IPL and limbic activity during gesturing in schizophrenia. IPL activity was associated with performance accuracy, whereas limbic activity was linked to delusion severity. These findings may reflect impaired social action planning and a limbic interference with gestures in schizophrenia contributing to poor gesture performance and consequently poor social functioning in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bern, Switzerland,To whom correspondence should be addressed; University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3060 Bern, Switzerland; tel: +41-31-930-9757, fax: +41-31-930-9404, e-mail:
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - René M Müri
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Werner Strik
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Pillai AS, McAuliffe D, Lakshmanan BM, Mostofsky SH, Crone NE, Ewen JB. Altered task-related modulation of long-range connectivity in children with autism. Autism Res 2018; 11:245-257. [PMID: 28898569 PMCID: PMC5825245 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Functional connectivity differences between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children have been described in multiple datasets. However, few studies examine the task-related changes in connectivity in disorder-relevant behavioral paradigms. In this paper, we examined the task-related changes in functional connectivity using EEG and a movement-based paradigm that has behavioral relevance to ASD. Resting-state studies motivated our hypothesis that children with ASD would show a decreased magnitude of functional connectivity during the performance of a motor-control task. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, however, we observed that task-related modulation of functional connectivity in children with ASD was in the direction opposite to that of TDs. The task-related connectivity changes were correlated with clinical symptom scores. Our results suggest that children with ASD may have differences in cortical segregation/integration during the performance of a task, and that part of the differences in connectivity modulation may serve as a compensatory mechanism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 245-257. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY Decreased connectivity between brain regions is thought to cause the symptoms of autism. Because most of our knowledge comes from data in which children are at rest, we do not know how connectivity changes directly lead to autistic behaviors, such as impaired gestures. When typically developing children produced complex movements, connectivity decreased between brain regions. In children with autism, connectivity increased. It may be that behavior-related changes in brain connectivity are more important than absolute differences in connectivity in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay S Pillai
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Danielle McAuliffe
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Balaji M Lakshmanan
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joshua B Ewen
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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25
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Atypical structural and functional motor networks in autism. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 238:207-248. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Viher PV, Stegmayer K, Kubicki M, Karmacharya S, Lyall AE, Federspiel A, Vanbellingen T, Bohlhalter S, Wiest R, Strik W, Walther S. The cortical signature of impaired gesturing: Findings from schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 17:213-221. [PMID: 29159038 PMCID: PMC5683189 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by deficits in gesturing that is important for nonverbal communication. Research in healthy participants and brain-damaged patients revealed a left-lateralized fronto-parieto-temporal network underlying gesture performance. First evidence from structural imaging studies in schizophrenia corroborates these results. However, as of yet, it is unclear if cortical thickness abnormalities contribute to impairments in gesture performance. We hypothesized that patients with deficits in gesture production show cortical thinning in 12 regions of interest (ROIs) of a gesture network relevant for gesture performance and recognition. Forty patients with schizophrenia and 41 healthy controls performed hand and finger gestures as either imitation or pantomime. Group differences in cortical thickness between patients with deficits, patients without deficits, and controls were explored using a multivariate analysis of covariance. In addition, the relationship between gesture recognition and cortical thickness was investigated. Patients with deficits in gesture production had reduced cortical thickness in eight ROIs, including the pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, the superior and inferior parietal lobes, and the superior and middle temporal gyri. Gesture recognition correlated with cortical thickness in fewer, but mainly the same, ROIs within the patient sample. In conclusion, our results show that impaired gesture production and recognition in schizophrenia is associated with cortical thinning in distinct areas of the gesture network. Impairments in gesture production and recognition in schizophrenia are related to altered brain structure. Brain alterations in schizophrenia are located in areas that are generally damaged in apraxia. Schizophrenia patients with gesture deficits show cortical thinning of several regions in the gesture network. Deficits of gesture production and recognition are both related to a fronto-parieto-temporal gesture network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Verena Viher
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sarina Karmacharya
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Amanda Ellis Lyall
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center of Advanced Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Werner Strik
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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27
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Hopkins WD, Meguerditchian A, Coulon O, Misiura M, Pope S, Mareno MC, Schapiro SJ. Motor skill for tool-use is associated with asymmetries in Broca's area and the motor hand area of the precentral gyrus in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Behav Brain Res 2017; 318:71-81. [PMID: 27816558 PMCID: PMC5459306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Among nonhuman primates, chimpanzees are well known for their sophistication and diversity of tool use in both captivity and the wild. The evolution of tool manufacture and use has been proposed as a driving mechanism for the development of increasing brain size, complex cognition and motor skills, as well as the population-level handedness observed in modern humans. Notwithstanding, our understanding of the neurological correlates of tool use in chimpanzees and other primates remains poorly understood. Here, we assessed the hand preference and performance skill of chimpanzees on a tool use task and correlated these data with measures of neuroanatomical asymmetries in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the pli-de-passage fronto-parietal moyen (PPFM). The IFG is the homolog to Broca's area in the chimpanzee brain and the PPFM is a buried gyrus that connects the pre- and post-central gyri and corresponds to the motor-hand area of the precentral gyrus. We found that chimpanzees that performed the task better with their right compared to left hand showed greater leftward asymmetries in the IFG and PPFM. This association between hand performance and PPFM asymmetry was particularly robust for right-handed individuals. Based on these findings, we propose that the evolution of tool use was associated with increased left hemisphere specialization for motor skill. We further suggest that lateralization in motor planning, rather than hand preference per se, was selected for with increasing tool manufacture and use in Hominid evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Hopkins
- Neuroscience Institute and Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States; Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30029, United States.
| | - Adrien Meguerditchian
- Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology, UMR 7290, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Coulon
- Aix-Marseille Université, LSIS, UMR CNRS 7296, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Misiura
- Neuroscience Institute and Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States
| | - Sarah Pope
- Neuroscience Institute and Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States
| | - Mary Catherine Mareno
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, United States
| | - Steven J Schapiro
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, United States
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28
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Park JE. Apraxia: Review and Update. J Clin Neurol 2017; 13:317-324. [PMID: 29057628 PMCID: PMC5653618 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2017.13.4.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Praxis, the ability to perform skilled or learned movements is essential for daily living. Inability to perform such praxis movements is defined as apraxia. Apraxia can be further classified into subtypes such as ideomotor, ideational and limb-kinetic apraxia. Relevant brain regions have been found to include the motor, premotor, temporal and parietal cortices. Apraxia is found in a variety of highly prevalent neurological disorders including dementia, stroke and Parkinsonism. Furthermore, apraxia has been shown to negatively affect quality of life. Therefore, recognition and treatment of this disorder is critical. This article provides an overview of apraxia and highlights studies dealing with the neurophysiology of this disorder, opening up novel perspectives for the use of motor training and noninvasive brain stimulation as treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung E Park
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
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29
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Króliczak G, Piper BJ, Frey SH. Specialization of the left supramarginal gyrus for hand-independent praxis representation is not related to hand dominance. Neuropsychologia 2016; 93:501-512. [PMID: 27020138 PMCID: PMC5036996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Data from focal brain injury and functional neuroimaging studies implicate a distributed network of parieto-fronto-temporal areas in the human left cerebral hemisphere as playing distinct roles in the representation of meaningful actions (praxis). Because these data come primarily from right-handed individuals, the relationship between left cerebral specialization for praxis representation and hand dominance remains unclear. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the hypothesis that strongly left-handed (right hemisphere motor dominant) adults also exhibit this left cerebral specialization. Participants planned familiar actions for subsequent performance with the left or right hand in response to transitive (e.g., "pounding") or intransitive (e.g. "waving") action words. In linguistic control trials, cues denoted non-physical actions (e.g., "believing"). Action planning was associated with significant, exclusively left-lateralized and extensive increases of activity in the supramarginal gyrus (SMg), and more focal modulations in the left caudal middle temporal gyrus (cMTg). This activity was hand- and gesture-independent, i.e., unaffected by the hand involved in subsequent action performance, and the type of gesture (i.e., transitive or intransitive). Compared directly with right-handers, left-handers exhibited greater involvement of the right angular gyrus (ANg) and dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC), which is indicative of a less asymmetric functional architecture for praxis representation. We therefore conclude that the organization of mechanisms involved in planning familiar actions is influenced by one's motor dominance. However, independent of hand dominance, the left SMg and cMTg are specialized for ideomotor transformations-the integration of conceptual knowledge and motor representations into meaningful actions. These findings support the view that higher-order praxis representation and lower-level motor dominance rely on dissociable mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Króliczak
- Institute of Psychology, Action & Cognition Laboratory, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
| | - Brian J Piper
- Neuroscience Program, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Scott H Frey
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory; Brain Imaging Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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30
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Distinct Contributions of Dorsal and Ventral Streams to Imitation of Tool-Use and Communicative Gestures. Cereb Cortex 2016; 28:474-492. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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31
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Gallea C, Horovitz SG, Najee-Ullah M'A, Hallett M. Impairment of a parieto-premotor network specialized for handwriting in writer's cramp. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:4363-4375. [PMID: 27466043 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Handwriting with the dominant hand is a highly skilled task singularly acquired in humans. This skill is the isolated deficit in patients with writer's cramp (WC), a form of dystonia with maladaptive plasticity, acquired through intensive and repetitive motor practice. When a skill is highly trained, a motor program is created in the brain to execute the same movement kinematics regardless of the effector used for the task. The task- and effector-specific symptoms in WC suggest that a problem particularly occurs in the brain when the writing motor program is carried out by the dominant hand. In this MRI study involving 12 WC patients (with symptoms only affecting the right dominant hand during writing) and 15 age matched unaffected controls we showed that: (1) the writing program recruited the same network regardless of the effector used to write in both groups; (2) dominant handwriting recruited a segregated parieto-premotor network only in the control group; (3) local structural alteration of the premotor area, the motor component of this network, predicted functional connectivity deficits during dominant handwriting and symptom duration in the patient group. Dysfunctions and structural abnormalities of a segregated parieto-premotor network in WC patients suggest that network specialization in focal brain areas is crucial for well-learned motor skill. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4363-4375, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Gallea
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch. NINDS, NIH 10 Center Drive, Bldg 10/7D37, Bethesda, MD, 20892 and Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle (ICM), 47-83 boulevard de l'hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Silvina G Horovitz
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch. NINDS, NIH 10 Center Drive, Bldg 10/7D42, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Muslimah 'Ali Najee-Ullah
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch. NINDS, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bldg 10/7D42, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch. NINDS, NIH 10 Center Drive, Bldg 10/7D37, Bethesda, MD, 20892
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32
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Williams L, Pirouz N, Mizelle JC, Cusack W, Kistenberg R, Wheaton LA. Remodeling of cortical activity for motor control following upper limb loss. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:3128-3134. [PMID: 27472549 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Upper extremity loss presents immediate and lasting challenges for motor control. While sensory and motor representations of the amputated limb undergo plasticity to adjacent areas of the sensorimotor homunculus, it remains unclear whether laterality of motor-related activity is affected by neural reorganization following amputation. METHODS Using electroencephalography, we evaluated neural activation patterns of formerly right hand dominant persons with upper limb loss (amputees) performing a motor task with their residual right limb, then their sound left limb. We compared activation patterns with left- and right-handed persons performing the same task. RESULTS Amputees have involvement of contralateral motor areas when using their sound limb and atypically increased activation of posterior parietal regions when using the affected limb. When using the non-amputated left arm, patterns of activation remains similar to right handed persons using their left arm. CONCLUSIONS A remodeling of activations from traditional contralateral motor areas into posterior parietal areas occurs for motor planning and execution when using the amputated limb. This may reflect an amputation-specific adaptation of heightened visuospatial feedback for motor control involving the amputated limb. SIGNIFICANCE These results identify a neuroplastic mechanism for motor control in amputees, which may have great relevance to development of motor rehabilitation paradigms and prosthesis adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J C Mizelle
- School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Tech, USA; Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, USA
| | - William Cusack
- School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Tech, USA; St. Jude Medical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
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33
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Ishibashi R, Pobric G, Saito S, Lambon Ralph MA. The neural network for tool-related cognition: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of 70 neuroimaging contrasts. Cogn Neuropsychol 2016; 33:241-56. [PMID: 27362967 PMCID: PMC4989859 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2016.1188798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The ability to recognize and use a variety of tools is an intriguing human cognitive function. Multiple neuroimaging studies have investigated neural activations with various types of tool-related tasks. In the present paper, we reviewed tool-related neural activations reported in 70 contrasts from 56 neuroimaging studies and performed a series of activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses to identify tool-related cortical circuits dedicated either to general tool knowledge or to task-specific processes. The results indicate the following: (a) Common, task-general processing regions for tools are located in the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and ventral premotor cortex; and (b) task-specific regions are located in superior parietal lobule (SPL) and dorsal premotor area for imagining/executing actions with tools and in bilateral occipito-temporal cortex for recognizing/naming tools. The roles of these regions in task-general and task-specific activities are discussed with reference to evidence from neuropsychology, experimental psychology and other neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ishibashi
- a Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.,b Human Brain Research Center, School of Medicine , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Gorana Pobric
- a Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Satoru Saito
- a Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.,c Department of Cognitive Psychology in Education , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Matthew A Lambon Ralph
- a Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
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34
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35
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Structural brain correlates of defective gesture performance in schizophrenia. Cortex 2016; 78:125-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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Martin M, Nitschke K, Beume L, Dressing A, Bühler LE, Ludwig VM, Mader I, Rijntjes M, Kaller CP, Weiller C. Brain activity underlying tool-related and imitative skills after major left hemisphere stroke. Brain 2016; 139:1497-516. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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37
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Tarhan LY, Watson CE, Buxbaum LJ. Shared and Distinct Neuroanatomic Regions Critical for Tool-related Action Production and Recognition: Evidence from 131 Left-hemisphere Stroke Patients. J Cogn Neurosci 2015; 27:2491-511. [PMID: 26351989 PMCID: PMC8139360 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobe have been characterized as human homologues of the monkey "mirror neuron" system, critical for both action production (AP) and action recognition (AR). However, data from brain lesion patients with selective impairment on only one of these tasks provide evidence of neural and cognitive dissociations. We sought to clarify the relationship between AP and AR, and their critical neural substrates, by directly comparing performance of 131 chronic left-hemisphere stroke patients on both tasks--to our knowledge, the largest lesion-based experimental investigation of action cognition to date. Using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping, we found that lesions to primary motor and somatosensory cortices and inferior parietal lobule were associated with disproportionately impaired performance on AP, whereas lesions to lateral temporo-occipital cortex were associated with a relatively rare pattern of disproportionately impaired performance on AR. In contrast, damage to posterior middle temporal gyrus was associated with impairment on both AP and AR. The distinction between lateral temporo-occipital cortex, critical for recognition, and posterior middle temporal gyrus, important for both tasks, suggests a rough gradient from modality-specific to abstract representations in posterior temporal cortex, the first lesion-based evidence for this phenomenon. Overall, the results of this large patient study help to bring closure to a long-standing debate by showing that tool-related AP and AR critically depend on both common and distinct left hemisphere neural substrates, most of which are external to putative human mirror regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Y Tarhan
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA
| | - Christine E Watson
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA
| | - Laurel J Buxbaum
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA
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38
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Floris DL, Lai MC, Auer T, Lombardo MV, Ecker C, Chakrabarti B, Wheelwright SJ, Bullmore ET, Murphy DGM, Baron-Cohen S, Suckling J. Atypically rightward cerebral asymmetry in male adults with autism stratifies individuals with and without language delay. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 37:230-53. [PMID: 26493275 PMCID: PMC4913747 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, both language and fine motor skills are associated with left‐hemisphere specialization, whereas visuospatial skills are associated with right‐hemisphere specialization. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) show a profile of deficits and strengths that involves these lateralized cognitive functions. Here we test the hypothesis that regions implicated in these functions are atypically rightward lateralized in individuals with ASC and, that such atypicality is associated with functional performance. Participants included 67 male, right‐handed adults with ASC and 69 age‐ and IQ‐matched neurotypical males. We assessed group differences in structural asymmetries in cortical regions of interest with voxel‐based analysis of grey matter volumes, followed by correlational analyses with measures of language, motor and visuospatial skills. We found stronger rightward lateralization within the inferior parietal lobule and reduced leftward lateralization extending along the auditory cortex comprising the planum temporale, Heschl's gyrus, posterior supramarginal gyrus, and parietal operculum, which was more pronounced in ASC individuals with delayed language onset compared to those without. Planned correlational analyses showed that for individuals with ASC, reduced leftward asymmetry in the auditory region was associated with more childhood social reciprocity difficulties. We conclude that atypical cerebral structural asymmetry is a potential candidate neurophenotype of ASC. Hum Brain Mapp 37:230–253, 2016. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea L Floris
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tibor Auer
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael V Lombardo
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychology and Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christine Ecker
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bhismadev Chakrabarti
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Sally J Wheelwright
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Suckling
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,National Institute of Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Lausberg H, Kazzer P, Heekeren HR, Wartenburger I. Pantomiming tool use with an imaginary tool in hand as compared to demonstration with tool in hand specifically modulates the left middle and superior temporal gyri. Cortex 2015; 71:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mizelle JC, Oparah A, Wheaton LA. Reliability of Visual and Somatosensory Feedback in Skilled Movement: The Role of the Cerebellum. Brain Topogr 2015; 29:27-41. [PMID: 26306810 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-015-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The integration of vision and somatosensation is required to allow for accurate motor behavior. While both sensory systems contribute to an understanding of the state of the body through continuous updating and estimation, how the brain processes unreliable sensory information remains to be fully understood in the context of complex action. Using functional brain imaging, we sought to understand the role of the cerebellum in weighting visual and somatosensory feedback by selectively reducing the reliability of each sense individually during a tool use task. We broadly hypothesized upregulated activation of the sensorimotor and cerebellar areas during movement with reduced visual reliability, and upregulated activation of occipital brain areas during movement with reduced somatosensory reliability. As specifically compared to reduced somatosensory reliability, we expected greater activations of ipsilateral sensorimotor cerebellum for intact visual and somatosensory reliability. Further, we expected that ipsilateral posterior cognitive cerebellum would be affected with reduced visual reliability. We observed that reduced visual reliability results in a trend towards the relative consolidation of sensorimotor activation and an expansion of cerebellar activation. In contrast, reduced somatosensory reliability was characterized by the absence of cerebellar activations and a trend towards the increase of right frontal, left parietofrontal activation, and temporo-occipital areas. Our findings highlight the role of the cerebellum for specific aspects of skillful motor performance. This has relevance to understanding basic aspects of brain functions underlying sensorimotor integration, and provides a greater understanding of cerebellar function in tool use motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Mizelle
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
- Cognitive Motor Control Laboratory, School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 555 14th St., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0356, USA
| | - Alexis Oparah
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90086, 417 Chapel Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lewis A Wheaton
- Cognitive Motor Control Laboratory, School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 555 14th St., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0356, USA.
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Helmich I, Holle H, Rein R, Lausberg H. Brain oxygenation patterns during the execution of tool use demonstration, tool use pantomime, and body-part-as-object tool use. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 96:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Walther S, Stegmayer K, Sulzbacher J, Vanbellingen T, Müri R, Strik W, Bohlhalter S. Nonverbal social communication and gesture control in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2015; 41:338-45. [PMID: 25646526 PMCID: PMC4332963 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients are severely impaired in nonverbal communication, including social perception and gesture production. However, the impact of nonverbal social perception on gestural behavior remains unknown, as is the contribution of negative symptoms, working memory, and abnormal motor behavior. Thus, the study tested whether poor nonverbal social perception was related to impaired gesture performance, gestural knowledge, or motor abnormalities. Forty-six patients with schizophrenia (80%), schizophreniform (15%), or schizoaffective disorder (5%) and 44 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education were included. Participants completed 4 tasks on nonverbal communication including nonverbal social perception, gesture performance, gesture recognition, and tool use. In addition, they underwent comprehensive clinical and motor assessments. Patients presented impaired nonverbal communication in all tasks compared with controls. Furthermore, in contrast to controls, performance in patients was highly correlated between tasks, not explained by supramodal cognitive deficits such as working memory. Schizophrenia patients with impaired gesture performance also demonstrated poor nonverbal social perception, gestural knowledge, and tool use. Importantly, motor/frontal abnormalities negatively mediated the strong association between nonverbal social perception and gesture performance. The factors negative symptoms and antipsychotic dosage were unrelated to the nonverbal tasks. The study confirmed a generalized nonverbal communication deficit in schizophrenia. Specifically, the findings suggested that nonverbal social perception in schizophrenia has a relevant impact on gestural impairment beyond the negative influence of motor/frontal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tim Vanbellingen
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - René Müri
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Werner Strik
- University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
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Zeuner KE, Knutzen A, Granert O, Götz J, Wolff S, Jansen O, Dressler D, Hefter H, Hallett M, Deuschl G, van Eimeren T, Witt K. Increased volume and impaired function: the role of the basal ganglia in writer's cramp. Brain Behav 2015; 5:e00301. [PMID: 25642386 PMCID: PMC4309880 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathophysiology of writer's cramp, a task-specific dystonia, remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the basal ganglia circuit and the cerebellum during a complex motor sequence learning task carried out with the nonaffected hand in writer's cramp patients. METHODS We applied structural and functional imaging in 22 writer's cramp patients and 28 matched controls using 3T MRI. With the asymptomatic left hand all participants learned a complex, sequential, five-element sequence-tapping task as accurately and quickly as possible. Functional imaging was measured during a repeated (15 times), fixed block design with tapping (30 sec) and rest (30 sec). Additionally, gray matter volume of the basal ganglia was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS While behavior was comparable between groups, after small volume correction the anterior part of the right putamen and the left globus pallidus exhibited reduced blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activity in patients during the sequential finger-tapping task. VBM analysis showed larger gray matter volume bilateral in the posterior part of the putamen and globus pallidus. There were no group differences in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION The results indicate an impairment of anterior basal ganglia loops involved in producing complex sequential movements of the unaffected hand. These findings are in line with previous reports of reduced neuronal activity in the globus pallidus internus. Higher gray matter volume of the putamen and globus pallidus may stem from elevated activity of the direct pathway, which could reflect a compensatory phenomenon or a primary predisposition, that is, endophenotypic trait.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arne Knutzen
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Julia Götz
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Wolff
- Department of Neuroradiology, Kiel University Kiel, Germany
| | - Olav Jansen
- Department of Neuroradiology, Kiel University Kiel, Germany
| | - Dirk Dressler
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Hefter
- Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Karsten Witt
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University Kiel, Germany
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Mäki-Marttunen V, Villarreal M, Leiguarda RC. Lateralization of brain activity during motor planning of proximal and distal gestures. Behav Brain Res 2014; 272:226-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wamain Y, Pluciennicka E, Kalénine S. Temporal dynamics of action perception: Differences on ERP evoked by object-related and non-object-related actions. Neuropsychologia 2014; 63:249-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dynamics of functional and effective connectivity within human cortical motor control networks. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 126:987-96. [PMID: 25270239 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Praxis, the performance of complex motor gestures, is crucial to the development of motor and social/communicative capacities. Praxis relies on a network consisting of inferior parietal and premotor regions, particularly on the left, and is thought to require transformation of spatio-temporal representations (parietal) into movement sequences (premotor). METHOD We examined praxis network dynamics by measuring EEG effective connectivity while healthy subjects performed a praxis task. RESULTS Propagation from parietal to frontal regions was not statistically greater on the left than the right. However, propagation from left parietal regions to all other regions was significantly greater during gesture preparation than execution. Moreover, during gesture preparation only, propagation from the left parietal region to bilateral frontal regions was greater than reciprocal propagations to the left parietal region. This directional specificity was not observed for the right parietal region. CONCLUSIONS These findings represent direct electrophysiological evidence for directionally predominant propagation in left frontal-parietal networks during praxis behavior, which may reflect neural mechanisms by which representations in the human brain select appropriate motor sequences for subsequent execution. SIGNIFICANCE In addition to bolstering the classic view of praxis network function, these results also demonstrate the relevance of additional information provided by directed connectivity measures.
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Niessen E, Fink GR, Weiss PH. Apraxia, pantomime and the parietal cortex. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 5:42-52. [PMID: 24967158 PMCID: PMC4066186 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Apraxia, a disorder of higher motor cognition, is a frequent and outcome-relevant sequel of left hemispheric stroke. Deficient pantomiming of object use constitutes a key symptom of apraxia and is assessed when testing for apraxia. To date the neural basis of pantomime remains controversial. We here review the literature and perform a meta-analysis of the relevant structural and functional imaging (fMRI/PET) studies. Based on a systematic literature search, 10 structural and 12 functional imaging studies were selected. Structural lesion studies associated pantomiming deficits with left frontal, parietal and temporal lesions. In contrast, functional imaging studies associate pantomimes with left parietal activations, with or without concurrent frontal or temporal activations. Functional imaging studies that selectively activated parietal cortex adopted the most stringent controls. In contrast to previous suggestions, current analyses show that both lesion and functional studies support the notion of a left-hemispheric fronto-(temporal)-parietal network underlying pantomiming object use. Furthermore, our review demonstrates that the left parietal cortex plays a key role in pantomime-related processes. More specifically, stringently controlled fMRI-studies suggest that in addition to storing motor schemas, left parietal cortex is also involved in activating these motor schemas in the context of pantomiming object use. In addition to inherent differences between structural and functional imaging studies and consistent with the dedifferentiation hypothesis, the age difference between young healthy subjects (typically included in functional imaging studies) and elderly neurological patients (typically included in structural lesion studies) may well contribute to the finding of a more distributed representation of pantomiming within the motor-dominant left hemisphere in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Niessen
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience & Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - G R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience & Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany ; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P H Weiss
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience & Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany ; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Kelly RL, Wheaton LA. Differential mechanisms of action understanding in left and right handed subjects: the role of perspective and handedness. Front Psychol 2013; 4:957. [PMID: 24391619 PMCID: PMC3867734 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to comprehend outcomes of skilled action is important for understanding the world around us. Prior studies have evaluated the perspective an action is performed in, but few have evaluated how handedness of the actor and the observer interact with action perspective. Understanding handedness affords the opportunity to identify the role of mirroring and matched limb action encoding, which may display unique strategies of action understanding. Right and left-handed subjects were presented with images of tools from egocentric or allocentric perspectives performing movements by either a left or right hand. Subjects had to judge the outcome of the task, and accuracy and latency were evaluated. Our hypothesis was that both left and right-handed subjects would predict action best from an egocentric perspective. In allocentric perspectives, identification of action outcomes would occur best in the mirror-matched dominant limb for all subjects. Results showed there was a significant effect on accuracy and latency with respect to perspective for both right and left-handed subjects. The highest accuracies and fastest latencies were found in the egocentric perspective. Handedness of subject also showed an effect on accuracy, where right-handed subjects were significantly more accurate in the task than left-handed subjects. An interaction effect revealed that left-handed subjects were less accurate at judging images from an allocentric viewpoint compared to all other conditions. These findings suggest that action outcomes are best facilitated in an internal perspective, regardless of the hand being used. The decreased accuracy for left-handed subjects on allocentric images could be due to asymmetrical lateralization of encoding action and motoric dominance, which may interfere with translating allocentric limb action outcomes. Further neurophysiological studies will help us understand the specific processes of how left and right-handed subjects may encode actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Kelly
- Cognitive Motor Control Laboratory, School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lewis A Wheaton
- Cognitive Motor Control Laboratory, School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
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Chao CC, Karabanov AN, Paine R, Carolina de Campos A, Kukke SN, Wu T, Wang H, Hallett M. Induction of motor associative plasticity in the posterior parietal cortex-primary motor network. Cereb Cortex 2013; 25:365-73. [PMID: 23968834 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is anatomical and functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex (M1) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that plays a role in sensorimotor integration. In this study, we applied corticocortical paired-associative stimuli to ipsilateral PPC and M1 (parietal ccPAS) in healthy right-handed subjects to test if this procedure could modulate M1 excitability and PPC-M1 connectivity. One hundred and eighty paired transcranial magnetic stimuli to the PPC and M1 at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 8 ms were delivered at 0.2 Hz. We found that parietal ccPAS in the left hemisphere increased the excitability of conditioned left M1 assessed by motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and the input-output curve. Motor behavior assessed by the Purdue pegboard task was unchanged compared with controls. At baseline, conditioning stimuli over the left PPC potentiated MEPs from left M1 when ISI was 8 ms. This interaction significantly attenuated at 60 min after left parietal ccPAS. Additional experiments showed that parietal ccPAS induced plasticity was timing-dependent, was absent if ISI was 100 ms, and could also be seen in the right hemisphere. Our results suggest that parietal ccPAS can modulate M1 excitability and PPC-M1 connectivity and is a new approach to modify motor excitability and sensorimotor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chao Chao
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Anke Ninija Karabanov
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre DK-2650, Denmark, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark and
| | - Rainer Paine
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Ana Carolina de Campos
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Sahana N Kukke
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Tianxia Wu
- Centre for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
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50
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Context and hand posture modulate the neural dynamics of tool–object perception. Neuropsychologia 2013; 51:506-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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