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Banakar SN, Prasannakumar MK, Parivallal PB, Pramesh D, Mahesh HB, Sarangi AN, Puneeth ME, Patil SS. Rice- Magnaporthe transcriptomics reveals host defense activation induced by red seaweed-biostimulant in rice plants. Front Genet 2023; 14:1132561. [PMID: 37424731 PMCID: PMC10327602 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1132561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Red seaweed extracts have been shown to trigger the biotic stress tolerance in several crops. However, reports on transcriptional modifications in plants treated with seaweed biostimulant are limited. To understand the specific response of rice to blast disease in seaweed-biostimulant-primed and non-primed plants, transcriptomics of a susceptible rice cultivar IR-64 was carried out at zero and 48 h post inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae (strain MG-01). A total of 3498 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified; 1116 DEGs were explicitly regulated in pathogen-inoculated treatments. Functional analysis showed that most DEGs were involved in metabolism, transport, signaling, and defense. In a glass house, artificial inoculation of MG-01 on seaweed-primed plants resulted in the restricted spread of the pathogen leading to the confined blast disease lesions, primarily attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The DEGs in the primed plants were defense-related transcription factors, kinases, pathogenesis-related genes, peroxidases, and growth-related genes. The beta-D-xylosidase, a putative gene that helps in secondary cell wall reinforcement, was downregulated in non-primed plants, whereas it upregulated in the primed plants indicating its role in the host defense. Additionally, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, pathogenesis-related Bet-v-I family protein, chalcone synthase, chitinases, WRKY, AP2/ERF, and MYB families were upregulated in seaweed and challenge inoculated rice plants. Thus, our study shows that priming rice plants with seaweed bio-stimulants resulted in the induction of the defense in rice against blast disease. This phenomenon is contributed to early protection through ROS, protein kinase, accumulation of secondary metabolites, and cell wall strengthening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana N. Banakar
- Plant PathoGenOmics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - M. K. Prasannakumar
- Plant PathoGenOmics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - P. Buela Parivallal
- Plant PathoGenOmics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - D. Pramesh
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - H. B. Mahesh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Mandya, India
| | | | - M. E. Puneeth
- Plant PathoGenOmics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swathi S. Patil
- Plant PathoGenOmics Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Singh BK, Venkadesan S, Ramkumar MK, Shanmugavadivel PS, Dutta B, Prakash C, Pal M, Solanke AU, Rai A, Singh NK, Mohapatra T, Sevanthi AM. Meta-Analysis of Microarray Data and Their Utility in Dissecting the Mapped QTLs for Heat Acclimation in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1697. [PMID: 37111920 PMCID: PMC10142300 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the current global warming scenario, it is imperative to develop crops with improved heat tolerance or acclimation, for which knowledge of major heat stress-tolerant genes or genomic regions is a prerequisite. Though several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heat tolerance have been mapped in rice, candidate genes from these QTLs have not been reported yet. The meta-analysis of microarray datasets for heat stress in rice can give us a better genomic resource for the dissection of QTLs and the identification of major candidate genes for heat stress tolerance. In the present study, a database, RiceMetaSys-H, comprising 4227 heat stress-responsive genes (HRGs), was created using seven publicly available microarray datasets. This included in-house-generated microarray datasets of Nagina 22 (N22) and IR64 subjected to 8 days of heat stress. The database has provisions for searching the HRGs through genotypes, growth stages, tissues, and physical intervals in the genome, as well as Locus IDs, which provide complete information on the HRGs with their annotations and fold changes, along with the experimental material used for the analysis. The up-regulation of genes involved in hormone biosynthesis and signalling, sugar metabolism, carbon fixation, and the ROS pathway were found to be the key mechanisms of enhanced heat tolerance. Integrating variant and expression analysis, the database was used for the dissection of the major effect of QTLs on chromosomes 4, 5, and 9 from the IR64/N22 mapping population. Out of the 18, 54, and 62 genes in these three QTLs, 5, 15, and 12 genes harboured non-synonymous substitutions. Fifty-seven interacting genes of the selected QTLs were identified by a network analysis of the HRGs in the QTL regions. Variant analysis revealed that the proportion of unique amino acid substitutions (between N22/IR64) in the QTL-specific genes was much higher than the common substitutions, i.e., 2.58:0.88 (2.93-fold), compared to the network genes at a 0.88:0.67 (1.313-fold) ratio. An expression analysis of these 89 genes showed 43 DEGs between IR64/N22. By integrating the expression profiles, allelic variations, and the database, four robust candidates (LOC_Os05g43870, LOC_Os09g27830, LOC_Os09g27650, andLOC_Os09g28000) for enhanced heat stress tolerance were identified. The database thus developed in rice can be used in breeding to combat high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bablee Kumari Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
- PG School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - M. K. Ramkumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - P. S. Shanmugavadivel
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, India
| | - Bipratip Dutta
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Chandra Prakash
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Nagendra Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110001, India
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Jayaraman K, Sevanthi AM, Raman KV, Jiwani G, Solanke AU, Mandal PK, Mohapatra T. Overexpression of a DUF740 family gene ( LOC_Os04g59420) imparts enhanced climate resilience through multiple stress tolerance in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:947312. [PMID: 36743581 PMCID: PMC9893790 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.947312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Functional characterization of stress-responsive genes through the analysis of transgenic plants is a standard approach to comprehend their role in climate resilience and subsequently exploit them for sustainable crop improvement. In this study, we investigated the function of LOC_Os04g59420, a gene of DUF740 family (OsSRDP-Oryza sativa Stress Responsive DUF740 Protein) from rice, which showed upregulation in response to abiotic stress in the available global expression data, but is yet to be functionally characterized. Transgenic plants of the rice OsSRDP gene, driven by a stress-inducible promoter AtRd29A, were developed in the background of cv. Pusa Sugandh 2 (PS2) and their transgene integration and copy number were confirmed by molecular analysis. The three independent homozygous transgenic plants (AtRd29A::OsSRDP rice transformants) showed better resilience to drought, salinity, and cold stresses, but not heat stress, as compared to the non-transformed PS2, which corresponded with their respective relative transcript abundance for OsSRDP. Transgenic plants maintained higher RWC, photosynthetic pigments, and proline accumulation under drought and salinity stresses. Furthermore, they exhibited less accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than PS2 under drought stress, as seen from the transcript abundance studies of the ROS genes. Under cold stress, OsSRDP transgenic lines illustrated minimal cell membrane injury compared to PS2. Additionally, the transgenic plants showed resistance to a virulent strain of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae). The promoter analysis of the gene in N22 and PS2 revealed the presence of multiple abiotic and biotic stress-specific motif elements supporting our observation on multiple stress tolerance. Based on bioinformatics studies, we identified four potential candidate interaction partners for LOC_Os04g59420, of which two genes (LOC_Os05g09640 and LOC_Os06g50370) showed co-expression under biotic and drought stress along with OsSRDP. Altogether, our findings established that stress-inducible expression of OsSRDP can significantly enhance tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses and a biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karikalan Jayaraman
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalappan Venkat Raman
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gitanjali Jiwani
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India
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Pal G, Bakade R, Deshpande S, Sureshkumar V, Patil SS, Dawane A, Agarwal S, Niranjan V, PrasannaKumar MK, Vemanna RS. Transcriptomic responses under combined bacterial blight and drought stress in rice reveal potential genes to improve multi-stress tolerance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:349. [PMID: 35850621 PMCID: PMC9290298 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unprecedented drought and frequent occurrence of pathogen infection in rice is becoming more due to climate change. Simultaneous occurrence of stresses lead to more crop loss. To cope up multiple stresses, the durable resistant cultivars needs to be developed, by identifying relevant genes from combined biotic and abiotic stress exposed plants. RESULTS We studied the effect of drought stress, bacterial leaf blight disease causing Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathogen infection and combined stress in contrasting BPT5204 and TN1 rice genotypes. Mild drought stress increased Xoo infection irrespective of the genotype. To identify relevant genes that could be used to develop multi-stress tolerant rice, RNA sequencing from individual drought, pathogen and combined stresses in contrasting genotypes has been developed. Many important genes are identified from resistant genotype and diverse group of genes are differentially expressed in contrasting genotypes under combined stress. Further, a meta-analysis from individual drought and Xoo pathogen stress from public domain data sets narrowed- down candidate differentially expressed genes. Many translation associated genes are differentially expressed suggesting their extra-ribosomal function in multi-stress adaptation. Overexpression of many of these genes showed their relevance in improving stress tolerance in rice by different scientific groups. In combined stress, many downregulated genes also showed their relevance in stress adaptation when they were over-expressed. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies many important genes, which can be used as molecular markers and targets for genetic manipulation to develop durable resistant rice cultivars. Strategies should be developed to activate downregulated genes, to improve multi-stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Pal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Rahul Bakade
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Sanjay Deshpande
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - V Sureshkumar
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Swathi S Patil
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Akashata Dawane
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Subham Agarwal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. Engineering College, Bengaluru, 560059, India
| | - M K PrasannaKumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Ramu S Vemanna
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India.
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Dauda WP, Shanmugam V, Tyagi A, Solanke AU, Kumar V, Krishnan SG, Bashyal BM, Aggarwal R. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Cytokinin-O-Glucosyltransferase (CGT) Genes of Rice Specific to Potential Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11070917. [PMID: 35406897 PMCID: PMC9002877 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin glucosyltransferases (CGTs) are key enzymes of plants for regulating the level and function of cytokinins. In a genomic identification of rice CGTs, 41 genes with the plant secondary product glycosyltransferases (PSPG) motif of 44-amino-acid consensus sequence characteristic of plant uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) were identified. In-silico physicochemical characterisation revealed that, though the CGTs belong to the same subfamily, they display varying molecular weights, ranging from 19.6 kDa to 59.7 kDa. The proteins were primarily acidic (87.8%) and hydrophilic (58.6%) and were observed to be distributed in the plastids (16), plasma membrane (13), mitochondria (5), and cytosol (4). Phylogenetic analysis of the CGTs revealed that their evolutionary relatedness ranged from 70-100%, and they aligned themselves into two major clusters. In a comprehensive analysis of the available transcriptomics data of rice samples representing different growth stages only the CGT, Os04g25440.1 was significantly expressed at the vegetative stage, whereas 16 other genes were highly expressed only at the reproductive growth stage. On the contrary, six genes, LOC_Os07g30610.1, LOC_Os04g25440.1, LOC_Os07g30620.1, LOC_Os04g25490.1, LOC_Os04g37820.1, and LOC_Os04g25800.1, were significantly upregulated in rice plants inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani (RS), Xoo (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) and Mor (Magnaporthe oryzae). In a qRT-PCR analysis of rice sheath tissue susceptible to Rhizoctonia solani, Mor, and Xoo pathogens, compared to the sterile distilled water control, at 24 h post-infection only two genes displayed significant upregulation in response to all the three pathogens: LOC_Os07g30620.1 and LOC_Os04g25820.1. On the other hand, the expression of genes LOC_Os07g30610.1, LOC_Os04g25440, LOC_Os04g25490, and LOC_Os04g25800 were observed to be pathogen-specific. These genes were identified as the candidate-responsive CGT genes and could serve as potential susceptibility genes for facilitating pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadzani Palnam Dauda
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
- Crop Science Unit, Department of Agronomy, Federal University, Gashua 1005, Nigeria
| | - Veerubommu Shanmugam
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aditya Tyagi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.U.S.); (V.K.)
| | - Vishesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.U.S.); (V.K.)
| | - Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Bishnu Maya Bashyal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Rashmi Aggarwal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (W.P.D.); (A.T.); (S.G.K.); (B.M.B.); (R.A.)
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Kumar V, Singh PK, Karkute SG, Tasleem M, Bhagat S, Abdin MZ, Sevanthi AM, Rai A, Sharma TR, Singh NK, Solanke AU. Identification of novel resources for panicle blast resistance from wild rice accessions and mutants of cv. Nagina 22 by syringe inoculation under field conditions. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:53. [PMID: 35127308 PMCID: PMC8804147 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Panicle blast is the most severe type of rice blast disease. Screening of rice genotypes for panicle blast resistance at the field level requires an efficient and robust method of inoculation. Here, we standardized a method that can be utilized for both small- and large-scale screening and assessment of panicle blast infection and disease reaction. The method involves inoculation of Magnaporthe oryzae spore culture in the neck of the rice panicle using a syringe and covering the inoculation site with wet cotton wrapped with aluminum foil to provide the required humidity for spore germination. The method was standardized using panicle blast-resistant cv. Tetep and susceptible cv. HP2216 inoculated with Mo-ni-025 isolate of M. oryzae. The method was evaluated at phenotypic as well as molecular level by expression analysis of disease responsive pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. We found this method simple, robust, reliable, and highly efficient for screening of large germplasm sets of rice for panicle blast. This was validated by screening the wild rice germplasm for panicle blast response in the field using three M. oryzae strains and subsequently with the most virulent strain in 45 EMS-induced mutants of Nagina 22 shortlisted based on field screening in a blast hotspot region. We identified five novel blast disease-resistant wild rice genotypes and 15 Nagina 22 mutants that can be used in breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Suhas Gorakh Karkute
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Mohd. Tasleem
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Someshwar Bhagat
- ICAR-NRRI-Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station (CRURRS), Hazaribagh, Jharkhand 825302 India
| | - M. Z. Abdin
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
- Division of Crop Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 110001 India
| | - Nagendra K. Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Building, New Delhi, Delhi 110012 India
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Xiao X, Wang R, Khaskhali S, Gao Z, Guo W, Wang H, Niu X, He C, Yu X, Chen Y. A Novel Glycerol Kinase Gene OsNHO1 Regulates Resistance to Bacterial Blight and Blast Diseases in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:800625. [PMID: 35126424 PMCID: PMC8811351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.800625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol-induced resistance to various pathogens has been reported in different plants. Glycerol kinase (GK), a vital rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes glycerol conversion to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), participates in responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses. However, its physiological importance in rice defenses against pathogens remains unclear. In this research, quantification analysis revealed that GK levels were significantly induced in rice leaves infected by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strain PXO99. A typical GK-encoding gene OsNHO1 was cloned in rice. The transcriptional levels of OsNHO1 were significantly induced by salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and Xoo-PXO99. Ectopic expression of OsNHO1 partially rescued the resistance to P. s. pv. phaseolicola in the Arabidopsis nho1 mutant. In the overexpressing transgenic rice lines (OsNHO1-OE), the content of GK and the transcriptional level of OsNHO1 were increased and the resistance to bacterial blight and blast was improved, while reduced OsNHO1 expression impaired the resistance in OsNHO1-RNAi lines. The wax contents and expression of the wax synthesis regulatory genes were significantly increased in the overexpression lines but decreased in the OsNHO1-RNAi lines. We then confirmed the interaction partner of OsNHO1 using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. The transcription of the interaction partner-encoding genes OsSRC2 and OsPRs in OsNHO1-RNAi lines was downregulated but upregulated in OsNHO1-OE lines. Thus, we concluded that OsNHO1 provided disease resistance by affecting the wax content and modulating the transcription levels of PR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Xiao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Cereal Crops Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shahneela Khaskhali
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenya Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaolei Niu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chaoze He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yinhua Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Understanding Rice- Magnaporthe Oryzae Interaction in Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Rice under Panicle Blast Infection Using a Time-Course Transcriptome Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020301. [PMID: 33672641 PMCID: PMC7924189 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice blast is a global threat to food security with up to 50% yield losses. Panicle blast is a more severe form of rice blast and the response of rice plant to leaf and panicle blast is distinct in different genotypes. To understand the specific response of rice in panicle blast, transcriptome analysis of blast resistant cultivar Tetep, and susceptible cultivar HP2216 was carried out using RNA-Seq approach after 48, 72 and 96 h of infection with Magnaporthe oryzae along with mock inoculation. Transcriptome data analysis of infected panicle tissues revealed that 3553 genes differentially expressed in HP2216 and 2491 genes in Tetep, which must be the responsible factor behind the differential disease response. The defense responsive genes are involved mainly in defense pathways namely, hormonal regulation, synthesis of reactive oxygen species, secondary metabolites and cell wall modification. The common differentially expressed genes in both the cultivars were defense responsive transcription factors, NBS-LRR genes, kinases, pathogenesis related genes and peroxidases. In Tetep, cell wall strengthening pathway represented by PMR5, dirigent, tubulin, cell wall proteins, chitinases, and proteases was found to be specifically enriched. Additionally, many novel genes having DOMON, VWF, and PCaP1 domains which are specific to cell membrane were highly expressed only in Tetep post infection, suggesting their role in panicle blast resistance. Thus, our study shows that panicle blast resistance is a complex phenomenon contributed by early defense response through ROS production and detoxification, MAPK and LRR signaling, accumulation of antimicrobial compounds and secondary metabolites, and cell wall strengthening to prevent the entry and spread of the fungi. The present investigation provided valuable candidate genes that can unravel the mechanisms of panicle blast resistance and help in the rice blast breeding program.
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Joshi JB, Arul L, Ramalingam J, Uthandi S. Advances in the Xoo-rice pathosystem interaction and its exploitation in disease management. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang X, Liu J, Wu L, Wang Z, Zhang S. GbWRKY1, a member of the WRKY transcription factor family identified from Gossypium barbadense, is involved in resistance to Verticillium wilt. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1667873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Genetics Laboratory, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Genetics Laboratory, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Lizhu Wu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Agriculture University of Hebei, Baoding, PR China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Genetics Laboratory, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Genetics Laboratory, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China
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