1
|
Phytochemical Analysis, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Properties of Two Herbs ( Tristemma mauritianum and Crassocephalum bougheyanum) and One Tree ( Lavigeria macrocarpa) Species. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2023; 2023:2565857. [PMID: 36742131 PMCID: PMC9891821 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2565857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals present in medicinal plants (herbs, shrubs, and trees) are endowed with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antifungal activities of Tristemma mauritianum, Crassocephalum bougheyanum, and Lavigeria macrocarpa. Chemical composition of the plant extracts was determined using standard methods. The antioxidant activities were performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO), and hydroxyl (OH) scavenging assays. The antifungal activity of plant extracts and their combinations with antifungals was evaluated against eleven Candida spp. using the broth microdilution method by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The quantitative chemical analysis of the extracts of T. mauritianum, L. macrocarpa, and C. bougheyanum showed that they contain phenols, tannins, and flavonoids that vary according to the plant species and extracts. All the plant extracts presented promising antifungal (MIC = 64-2048 µg/mL) and antioxidant activities. The extract of T. mauritianum displayed the highest antifungal (MIC = 64-256 µg/mL) and antioxidant (IC50 = 19.052 ± 1.11 μg/mL) activities which can be explained by its high phenolic content. Interestingly, extracts of T. mauritianum, L. macrocarpa, and C. bougheyanum displayed synergistic effects (fractional inhibitory concentration index, FICI ≤ 0.5) with ketoconazole against clinical resistant isolates. The results of the present study demonstrate promising antifungal and antioxidant activities of the tested plants that are associated to their phenol, tannin, and flavonoid contents. Hence, extracts of T. mauritianum and L. macrocarpa could be deeply investigated as antifungal alone and in combination with conventional antifungal drugs to treat infections caused by Candida spp.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pasalar M, Ahadi B, Mirzaei HR, Buentzel J, Mehri Ardestani M, Kamian S, Heydarirad G. Comparing Dermolina-Henna Cream with Mometasone Cream in Improving Radiodermatitis Among Patients with Breast Cancer: A Randomized Active-Control Double-Blind Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:895-903. [PMID: 36103288 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Radiotherapy is one of the treatments used for different types of cancer. Acute radiodermatitis is one of its most common complications. Despite the high prevalence of radiodermatitis, few studies investigated how to prevent or treat this complication. Hence, a standard treatment has not been introduced so far. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of Dermolina-Henna cream, a new polyherbal formulation, compared to Mometasone cream for alleviating acute radiodermatitis among breast cancer patients. Design: Randomized active-control double-blind clinical trial. Setting/Location: The oncology clinic of Shohaday-e Tajrish Hospital (Tehran, Iran). Subjects: Women older than 18 years with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Interventions: Patients were instructed to apply a thin layer of Dermolina-Henna or Mometasone cream once daily on their lesions at least 3 h after radiotherapy for 4 weeks, and if grade I or II radiodermatitis developed, also afterward. Patients were visited weekly until end of study at after 4 weeks. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group standard questionnaires were evaluated and recorded every week as the primary outcome. Outcome measures: Primary outcome was defined as evaluating the efficacy of Dermolina-Henna cream to change the radiodermatitis grade, while the level of patients' satisfaction and the rate of adverse events recorded by patients were secondary outcomes. Results: The trends on decrease in number of lesions, erythema, radiodermatitis grade, burning sensation, pain, and itchiness were statistically significant for each treatment, separately (p < 0.001), except for radiodermatitis grade in Mometasone group (p = 0.4). Dermolina-Henna was significantly better than Mometasone in alleviating burning sensation (p < 0.001) and itchiness (p = 0.041). Approximately 3.7% of patients showed adverse events and 3.7% declared dissatisfaction in both groups. Conclusions: In summary, we showed that Dermolina-Henna cream and Mometasone cream were significantly effective in decreasing severity of radiodermatitis symptoms among patients with breast cancer. Dermolina-Henna cream was significantly superior to Mometasone cream in alleviating burning and itchiness. Clinical Trial Registration Number: IRCT20200115046144N1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Ahadi
- School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Cancer Research Center, Shohadae Tajrish Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Judith Buentzel
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mojgan Mehri Ardestani
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Kamian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Heydarirad
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Effects of Essential Oil of Black Caraway (Nigella sativa L.) Seeds against Drug-Resistant Clinically Pathogenic Microorganisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5218950. [PMID: 35958807 PMCID: PMC9363207 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5218950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nigella sativa (NS) is a plant that has long been utilized in traditional medicine as a treatment for certain diseases. The aim of this work was to valorize the essential oil (EO) of this species by phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluation. EO was extracted by hydrodistillation from the seeds of Nigella sativa (EO-NS). Phytochemical content of EO-NS was evaluated by use of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Antioxidant ability was in vitro determined by use of three assays: 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) relative to two synthetic antioxidants: BHT and quercetin. Antimicrobial effect was evaluated against four clinically important bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC 6633; Escherichia coli, K12; Bacillus subtilis, DSM 6333; and Proteus mirabilis, ATCC 29906) and against four fungal strains (Candida albicans, ATCC 10231; Aspergillus niger, MTCC 282; Aspergillus flavus, MTCC 9606; and Fusarium oxysporum, MTCC 9913). Fifteen constituents that accounted for the majority of the mass of the EO-NS were identified and quantified by use of GC-MSMS. The main component was O-cymene (37.82%), followed by carvacrol (17.68%), α-pinene (10.09%), trans-sabinene hydrate (9.90%), and 4-terpineol (7.15%). EO-NS exhibited significant antioxidant activity with IC50, EC50, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of
,
, and
mg EAA/g, respectively. Additionally, EO-NS exhibited promising antibacterial activity on all strains under investigation, especially on E. coli K12 resulting in inhibition diameter of
mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
μg/mL. Also, EO-NS had significant antifungal efficacy, with a percentage of inhibition of
% and MIC of
μg/mL against F. oxysporum, MTCC 9913 and with a diameter of inhibition
mm and MIC of
μg/mL against C. albicans. To minimize development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, EO-NS can be utilized as a natural, alternative to synthetic antibiotics and antioxidants to treat free radicals implicated in microbial infection-related inflammatory reactions.
Collapse
|
4
|
Elyasi S, Rasta S, Taghizadeh-Kermani A, Hosseini S. Topical henna and curcumin (Alpha®) ointment efficacy for prevention of capecitabine induced hand-foot syndrome: A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical. Daru 2022; 30:117-125. [PMID: 35320555 PMCID: PMC9114202 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this clinical trial, we evaluated Alpha® ointment efficacy in prevention of capecitabine induced hand-foot syndrome (HFS) in patients with gastrointestinal or breast cancers, for the first time. METHODS During this pilot, randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, the effect of Alpha® ointment (Lawsonia inermis 3 g and Curcuma longa 0.15 g/ 30 g) was assessed. It was applied on the palms and the soles, two times daily starting at the first day of chemotherapy for 4 consecutive courses. The severity of HFS was assessed at the end of the chemotherapy courses based on World Health Organization (WHO) scale and scored between 0-4. RESULTS Ninety eligible patients were included randomly in the treatment or placebo group. Median WHO HFS grade was not significantly different between the two groups, during the follow-up period (P > 0.05). In the weekly assessment, the scores increased meaningfully in both the placebo and treatment groups, but there was a delay in HFS occurrence and deterioration in Alpha ointment group based on post hoc analysis. CONCLUSION Administration of Alpha® ointment containing henna and curcumin could not significantly prevent capecitabine induced HFS during 4 courses of treatment, but can somewhat delay its occurrence in patients with gastrointestinal or breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Elyasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Associate Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Rasta
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Radiotherapy Oncologist, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Taghizadeh-Kermani
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Associate Professor of Radio-Oncology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sare Hosseini
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Phytochemical and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. Bark. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2020-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Many diseases are associated with oxidative stress are caused by free radicals. Current research has been directed towards finding naturally occurring antioxidants of plant origin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. bark (MELIB). The present study was carried out for determination of qualitative, quantitative phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant activity for scavenging of free radical DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation. The bark extract is a rich source of secondary metabolites like flavonoids at a rutin equivalent 73.43±0.26%, polyphenol at a gallic acid equivalent 84.70±0.43%, tannins at a tannic acid equivalent 88.75±0.14% and terpenoids at a linalool equivalent 68.13±0.31. MELIB showed free radicals scavenging capacity by way of the DPPH method (6.93±0.51 to 62.63±0.10% inhibition), the superoxide radical scavenging method (1.82±0.41 to 57.11±0.18% inhibition) and the ferric chloride induced lipid peroxidation method (9.87±0.33 to 80.32±0.82% inhibition). The results obtained in the present study indicate that MELIB can be a potential source of natural antioxidants due to the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and terpenoids.
Collapse
|
6
|
Elansary HO, Szopa A, Kubica P, Ekiert H, A. Al-Mana F, Al-Yafrsi MA. Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Acacia saligna and Lawsonia inermis Natural Populations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E908. [PMID: 32709119 PMCID: PMC7411707 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acacia saligna and Lawsonia inermis natural populations growing in Northern Saudi Arabia might be a valuable source of polyphenols with potent biological activities. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), several polyphenols were detected tentatively in considerable amounts in the methanolic leaf extracts of A. saligna and L. inermis. A. saligna mainly contained rutoside, hyperoside, quercetin 3-glucuronide, gallic acid and p-coumaric acid, whereas those of L. inermis contained apigenin 5-glucoside, apigetrin and gallic acid. Strong antioxidant activities were found in the leaf extracts of both species due to the presence of hyperoside, quercetin 3-glucuronide, gallic acid, isoquercetin, p-coumaric acid, quercitrin and rutoside. A. saligna and L. inermis leaf extracts as well as hyperoside, apigenin 5-glucoside, and quercetin 3-glucuronide significantly reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in all investigated cancer cells compared to the control. Methanolic leaf extracts and identified polyphenols showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, which may be attributed to necrotic cell accumulation during apoptotic periods. Antibacterial activities were also found in both species leaf extracts and were twice as high in A. saligna than L. inermis due to the high composition of rutoside and other polyphenols. Finally, strong antifungal activities were detected, which were associated with specific phenols such as rutoside, hyperoside, apigenin 5-glucoside and p-coumaric acid. This is the first study exploring the polyphenolic composition of A. saligna and L. inermis natural populations in northern Saudi Arabia and aiming at the detection of their biological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-M.); (M.A.A.-Y.)
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture, and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management, and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (P.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (P.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (P.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Fahed A. Al-Mana
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-M.); (M.A.A.-Y.)
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Yafrsi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-M.); (M.A.A.-Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mahalakshmi R, Priyanga J, Vedha Hari BN, Bhakta-Guha D, Guha G. Hexavalent chromium-induced autophagic death of WRL-68 cells is mitigated by aqueous extract of Cuminum cyminum L. seeds. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:191. [PMID: 32269896 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the potential of aqueous extract (CSEaq) of Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) seeds in protecting WRL-68 cells from hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]-induced oxidative injury. Cells exposed to Cr(VI) (10 μM CrO3) for 24 h demonstrated a twofold increase in ROS, which, in turn, led to extensive oxidative stress, consequently causing colossal decline in cell viability (by 58.82 ± 9.79%) and proliferation (as was evident from a reduced expression of Ki-67, a proliferation marker). Immunofluorescence studies showed that Cr(VI) diminished the expressions of mTOR and survivin in WRL-68 cells. It also led to a substantial elevation of BECN1 expression, which suggested autophagy. Overall, our results indicated that 24 h exposure of WRL-68 cells to Cr(VI) caused oxidative stress-induced autophagic cell death. CSEaq was found to protect WRL-68 cells from the same fate by refurbishing their viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The extract reduced ROS in these cells, which consequently decreased the degree of autophagic cell death by restoring expressions of mTOR, survivin and BECN1 to their respective normal levels. Biochemical assays revealed that CSEaq is rich in phenolic constituents. Total phenolic content of CSEaq demonstrated positive correlations with (i) its antioxidant potential, (ii) its alleviation of cellular oxidative stress and (iii) its cytoprotective efficacy in Cr(VI)-treated WRL-68 cells. We also identified the major phenolic constituents of CSEaq. Our study suggested that polyphenols in CSEaq might be responsible for protecting WRL-68 cells from Cr(VI)-governed oxidative assault that would have otherwise led to survivin/mTOR-mediated autophagic death.
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh DK, Cheema HS, Saxena A, Singh S, Darokar MP, Bawankule DU, Shanker K, Luqman S. Fraxetin and ethyl acetate extract from Lawsonia inermis L. ameliorate oxidative stress in P. berghei infected mice by augmenting antioxidant defence system. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 36:262-272. [PMID: 29157824 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lawsonia inermis L. is a well-documented plant for cosmetic as well as medicinal properties. It is used by local communities in India and Nigeria for the treatment of many parasitic diseases, including malaria. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Earlier studies on the plant's antiplasmodial activity were not assigned to any phytochemical with no quality assurance data. In this report, a recent chemically characterized extract and it's major constituent were investigated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity on chloroquine sensitive NF-54 strain. Furtherly, the potent extract and this constituent were assessed in vivo in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. The bioactive phytochemical and enriched extract were also monitored against various oxidative stress parameters. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD The extract characterization was done by the quantitative analysis of eight phytochemicals using gradient reverse phase HPLC method. In vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated on chloroquine sensitive NF-54 strain by the determination of pfLDH activity. In vivo activity of the most potent extract and constituent were evaluated in P. berghei infected mice upon oral administration. The estimation of oxidative stress was done by monitoring various enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters. RESULTS The ethyl acetate extract of leaves (IC50 9.00 ± 0.68 µg/ml) and fraxetin (IC50 19.21 ± 1.04 µM) were the most effective in in vitro assays therefore selected for in vivo tests. The administration of the ethyl acetate extract of leaves and fraxetin to the infected mice resulted in significant (p < .05) suppression of parasitaemia as evidenced by a 70.44 ± 2.58% to 78.77 ± 3.43% reduction compared to non-infected group. In addition, a two-fold increase in mean survival time, a significant (p < .05) reduction in lipid peroxidation and an elevation in glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase were also observed in treated mice. The post-infection treatment also led to an augmentation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (GST, GR, GPx) with respect to the infected control. A significant (p < .05) elevation in serum Nrf2-antioxidant response element level responsible for the activation of endogenous enzymes was also observed. CONCLUSION It was evident from the experiments that ethyl acetate extract of L. inermis and fraxetin were able to suppress the oxidative damage by augmenting endogenous antioxidant system and thus ameliorated the plasmodium infection in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Kumar Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harveer Singh Cheema
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archana Saxena
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Su H, Gu Y, Song X, Zhao J. Carcinogenicity of chromium and chemoprevention: a brief update. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4065-4079. [PMID: 28860815 PMCID: PMC5565385 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s139262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium has two main valence states: hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) and trivalent chromium (Cr[III]). Cr(VI), a well-established human carcinogen, can enter cells by way of a sulfate/phosphate anion-transport system, and then be reduced to lower-valence intermediates consisting of pentavalent chromium (Cr[V]), tetravalent chromium (Cr[IV]) or Cr(III) via cellular reductants. These intermediates may directly or indirectly result in DNA damage or DNA–protein cross-links. Although Cr(III) complexes cannot pass easily through cell membranes, they have the ability to accumulate around cells to induce cell-surface morphological alteration and result in cell-membrane lipid injuries via disruption of cellular functions and integrity, and finally to cause DNA damage. In recent years, more research, including in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies, has been conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity/carcinogenicity induced by Cr(VI) and/or Cr(III) compounds. At the same time, various therapeutic agents, especially antioxidants, have been explored through in vitro and in vivo studies for preventing chromium-induced genotoxicity/carcinogenesis. This review aims to provide a brief update on the carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) and chemoprevention with different antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanliang Gu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China.,Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar M, Kaur P, Chandel M, Singh AP, Jain A, Kaur S. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves against 2-acetylaminofluorene induced hepatic damage in male Wistar rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:56. [PMID: 28100199 PMCID: PMC5242058 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae) is an ethnomedicinal plant, traditionally known for curing several ailments such as skin diseases, bacterial infections, jaundice, renal lithiases and inflammation etc. The present work deals with assessment of in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective potential of butanolic fraction (But-LI) of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves. Methods Antioxidant activity was evaluated using deoxyribose degradation, lipid peroxidation inhibition and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. In vivo protective potential of But-LI was assessed at 3 doses [100, 200 & 400 mg/kg body weight (bw)] against 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) induced hepatic damage in male Wistar rats. Results But-LI effectively scavenged hydroxyl radicals in deoxyribose degradation assay (IC50 149.12 μg/ml). Fraction also inhibited lipid peroxidation and demonstrated appreciable reducing potential in FRAP assay. Treatment of animals with 2-AAF resulted in increased hepatic parameters such as SGOT (2.22 fold), SGPT (1.72 fold), ALP (5.68 fold) and lipid peroxidation (2.94 fold). Different concentration of But-LI demonstrated pronounced protective effects via decreasing levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP and lipid peroxidation altered by 2-AAF treatment. But-LI administration also restored the normal liver architecture as evident from histopathological studies. Conclusions The present experimental findings revealed that phytoconstituents of Lawsonia inermis L. possess potential to effectively protect rats from the 2-AAF induced hepatic damage in vivo possibly by inhibition of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kumar M, Kaur P, Kumar S, Kaur S. Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effects of Non-Polar Fractions from Lawsonia inermis L. in Cervical (HeLa) Cancer Cells. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 21:249-60. [PMID: 25931778 PMCID: PMC4411381 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two non-polar fractions viz. hexane (Hex-LI) and chloroform fraction (CHCl3-LI) of Lawsonia inermis were studied for their antiproliferative potential in various cancer cell lines viz. HeLa, MCF-7, A549 and C6 glioma cells. Both the fractions showed more than 60 % of growth inhibition in all the tested cell lines at highest tested concentration. In clonogenic assay, different concentrations of Hex-LI and CHCl3-LI decreased the number and size of colonies as compared to control in HeLa cells. The apoptotic effects as nuclear condensation, fragmentation were visualized with Hoechst-33342 staining of HeLa cells using confocal microscope. Both fractions induced apoptotic cell death in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells as evident from flow cytometric analysis carried out using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide dyes. CHCl3-LI treated cells significantly induced apoptosis (25.43 %) in comparison to control. Results from Neutral Comet assay demonstrated that both fractions induced double stranded breaks (DSB's) in HeLa cells. Our data indicated that Hex-LI and CHCl3-LI treated cells showed significant increase of 32.2 and 18.56 % reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in DCFH-DA assay respectively. Further, experimental studies to decipher exact pathway via which these fractions induce cell death are in progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Paramjeet Kaur
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- />Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Perumal PC, Sowmya S, Pratibha P, Vidya B, Anusooriya P, Starlin T, Ravi S, Gopalakrishnan VK. Isolation, structural characterization and in silico drug-like properties prediction of a natural compound from the ethanolic extract of Cayratia trifolia (L.). Pharmacognosy Res 2015; 7:121-5. [PMID: 25598646 PMCID: PMC4285641 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.147226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products have continually played an important role in drug discovery because it serves as active principles in drugs as well as templates for synthesis of new drugs. Cayratia trifolia (L.) is a medicinal plant, which has been reported to have antiviral, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, hypoglycemic, anticancer and diuretic activities. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the objective of this study is to isolate and identify the natural compound from the ethanolic extract of Cayratia trifolia (L.) and to predict the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) properties of isolated natural compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS Column chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to isolate the natural compound and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to predict the functional groups present in the isolated natural compound. The structural characterization studies were functionally carried out using (1)H, (13)C, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS FTIR showed that, the groups of OH, C-H, C = C may be present in the isolated natural compound. (1)H, (13)C, two-dimensional NMR and mass spectrometry data suggests that the isolated natural compound probably like linoleic acid. In silico ADME properties, prediction of the compound was under acceptable range. CONCLUSION Based on the results, it can be concluded that, the isolated natural compound of linoleic acid that has been exhibited good medicinal properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sundaram Sowmya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhakaran Pratibha
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Vidya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanirajan Anusooriya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangarajan Starlin
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subban Ravi
- Department of Chemistry, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India ; Department of Bioinformatics, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Edagha IA, Davies KG, Akpan BC, Mbadugha CC, Udoiso WU. Ethanolic Extract of Emilia sonchifolia Leaves Possess Erythropoietic and Hepatoprotective Effect in Mice Infected with Plasmodium Berghei Berghei. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2014.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was designed to investigate the effect of ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Emilia sonchifolia on the haematological parameters and histomorphology of the liver of male Swiss albino mice infected with Plasmodium berghei berghei (Pbb).Material and Methods: 35 mice were divided into; Group 1 (control) given normal saline 0.3 ml, Group 2 passaged with Pbb only, Group 3 passaged with Pbb, and then treated with Coartem®, Group 4 treated with E. sonchifolia 325 mg/kg only, Group 5 treated with E. sonchifolia 650 mg/kg only, Group 6 passaged with Pbb then treated with E. sonchifolia 325 mg/kg, while Group 7 was passaged with Pbb then treated with E. sonchifolia 650 mg/kg. Pbb was passaged intraperitoneally, while the test drug and extracts was given via orogavage once daily.Results: The result showed significantly (P<0.001) reduced RBC parameters at in Group 5 treated with 650 mg/kg similar with Group 2 compared to Group 1, while there was significant (P<0.01) increased WBC and differentials in Parasitized groups compared with Group 1. The micrographs showed slightly inflamed nuclei in Group 4, with few nuclei shrinkage Group 5, whereas in the parasitized groups treated with the extract there appeared to be hepatoprotection compared to Group 2.Conclusion: In conclusion, the extract promotes erythropoiesis at 325 mg/kg, but was haemolytic at 650 mg/kg, and exerts its effect possibly through an agonistic and a synergistic activity of its rich bioactive ingredients. It showed mild toxic effect in the histomorphology of the non-parasitized mice at 325 mg/kg and 650 mg/kg, and also appeared to offer hepatoprotection in parasitized mice compared to the parasitized group that had no treatment.
Collapse
|
14
|
Efficacy of topical alpha ointment (containing natural henna) compared to topical hydrocortisone (1%) in the healing of radiation-induced dermatitis in patients with breast cancer: a randomized controlled clinical trial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013; 38:293-300. [PMID: 24293782 PMCID: PMC3838980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This two-arm, randomized clinical study aimed to compare efficacy between topical Alpha ointment and topical hydrocortisone cream (1%) in the healing of radiation-induced dermatitis in breast cancer patients. METHODS The inclusion criteria comprised newly pathologically proven, locally advanced breast cancer (treated with modified radical mastectomy followed by sequential adjuvant treatments, including chest wall radiotherapy [45-50.4 Gy]) and grade 2 and/or 3 chest wall dermatitis. The exclusion criteria were comprised of any underlying disease or medications interfering with the wound healing process, previous history of chest wall radiotherapy, and concurrent use of chemotherapy. Sixty eligible patients were randomly assigned to use either topical Alpha ointment (study arm, n=30) or topical hydrocortisone cream (1%) (control arm, n=30) immediately after receiving a total dose of 45-50 Gy chest wall radiotherapy. RESULTS The mean radiation dose was 49.1 Gy in the control arm and 48.8 Gy in the study arm. The mean dermatitis area was 13.54 cm(2) in the control arm and 17.02 cm(2) in the study arm. Topical Alpha ointment was more effective on the healing of radiation-induced dermatitis than was topical hydrocortisone cream (1%) (P=0.001). This effect was significant in the second week (P=0.007). In addition, Alpha ointment decreased the patients' complaints such as pain (P<0.001), pruritus (P=0.009), and discharge (P=0.010) effectively and meaningfully. CONCLUSION Topical Alpha ointment was more effective on the healing of radiation-induced dermatitis than was topical hydrocortisone cream (1%) in our patients with breast cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS IRCT201206099979N1, ACTRN12612000837820.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rajkumar V, Guha G, Ashok Kumar R. Antioxidant and anti-neoplastic activities of Picrorhiza kurroa extracts. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:363-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|