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Yang YH, Zhang Z, Bao QL, Zhao F, Yang MK, Tao X, Chen Y, Zhang JT, Yang LJ. Designing and preparing supramolecular encapsulation systems based on fraxetin and cyclodextrins for highly selective detection of nicotine. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121624. [PMID: 38171652 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a series of water-soluble supramolecular inclusion complexes (ICs) probes were prepared using cyclodextrins (CDs) and fraxetin (FRA) to detect nicotine (NT) with high selectivity in vitro and in vivo. The FRA/CD ICs prepared through the saturated solution method exhibited excellent water solubility, stability, and biocompatibility. A clear host-guest inclusion model was provided by the theoretical calculations. The investigation revealed that NT was able to enter into the cavities of FRA/β-CD IC and FRA/γ-CD IC, and further formed charge transfer complexes with FRA in the CD cavities, resulting in a rapid and highly selective fluorescence-enhanced response with the lowest detection limits of 1.9 × 10-6 M and 9.7 × 10-7 M, and the linear response ranged from 0.02 to 0.3 mM and 0.01-0.05 mM, respectively. The IC probes showed good anti-interference performance to common interferents or different pH environments, with satisfactory reproducibility and repeatability of response to NT. Furthermore, the potentiality of the probes was confirmed through fluorescence imaging experiments using human lung cancer cells and the lung tissue of mice. This study offers a fresh perspective for detecting NT in environmental and biomedical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Han Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China; Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, PR China
| | - Qiu-Lian Bao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Ming-Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jun-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Supramolecular Chemistry at the University of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry & Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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Sun X, Jin X, Wang L, Lin Z, Feng H, Zhan C, Liu X, Cheng G. Fraxetin ameliorates symptoms of dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23295. [PMID: 38163213 PMCID: PMC10755303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the primary inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and causes a serious threat to human public health around the world. Currently, there are no proven safe and effective treatment options to treat UC. Fraxetin (Fxt) is a widely recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory legume derived from ash bark. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect and mechanism of Fxt on UC. Our results showed that Fxt significantly attenuated the body weight, colon length reduction, tissue damage, and disease activity index induced by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). Moreover, the DSS-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasomes was inhibited, and the inflammatory response was reduced. Fxt restored gut barrier function by increasing the number of goblet cells and the levels of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). In addition, Fxt can alter the intestinal microbiota by enhancing the diversity of the microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria. These results revealed that Fxt alleviates DSS-induced colitis by modulating the inflammatory response, enhancing epithelial barrier integrity and regulating the gut microbiota. This study may provide a scientific basis for the potential therapeutic effect of Fxt in the prevention of colitis and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Sun
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lumeng Wang
- Shengming Biological Technology (Zhengzhou) Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhengdan Lin
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Helong Feng
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cunlin Zhan
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guofu Cheng
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zhai X, Zhu J, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang G, Nie Y. Fraxetin alleviates BLM-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting NCOA4-mediated epithelial cell ferroptosis. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1999-2012. [PMID: 37798541 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating lung condition with few available treatments. The early driver of wound repair that contributes to IPF has been extensively identified as repetitive alveolar epithelial damage. According to recent reports, IPF is linked to ferroptosis, a unique type of cell death characterized by a fatal buildup of iron and lipid peroxidation. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD There is little information on epithelial cells that induce pulmonary fibrosis by going through ferroptosis. In this study, we used bleomycin (BLM) to examine the impact of ferroptosis on IPF in mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12). RESULTS We discovered that BLM increases ferroptosis in MLE-12. Additionally, we found that NCOA4 is overexpressed and plays a key role in the ferroptosis of epithelial cells throughout the IPF process. Using Molecular docking, we found that Fraxetin, a natural component extracted from Fraxinus rhynchophylla, formed a stable binding to NCOA4. In vitro investigations showed that Fraxetin administration greatly decreased ferroptosis and NCOA4 expression, which in turn lowered the release of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Fraxetin treatment significantly alleviated BLM-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Our findings imply that fraxetin possesses inhibitory roles in ferroptosis and can be a potential drug against IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorun Zhai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gufang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Ma Z, Sun Y, Peng W. Fraxetin down-regulates polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) to inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9345-9356. [PMID: 35387563 PMCID: PMC9161838 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2054195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fraxetin, a natural product isolated from herb Cortex Fraxini, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-cancer effects on various cancers. The aim of this work is to investigate the anti-tumor effect of Fraxetin in prostate cancer and the potential mechanisms. In this study, the prostatic epithelial cell RWPE-1 and prostate cancer cell DU145 were exposed to Fraxetin (10, 20, 40, and 80 μM) to detect the changes in cell viability using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Fraxetin (10, 20, and 40 μM) was utilized to treat DU145 cell, then the changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed. Western blot assay was employed to detect the expression of proteins that participate in the above cellular processes as well as Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). In addition to 40 μM Fraxetin treatment, DU145 cells were overexpressed with PLK4, and then the above experiments were repeated. Results revealed that Fraxetin markedly decreased DU145 cell viability, but didn’t affect the cell viability of RWPE-1. Fraxetin suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis of DU145 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of PLK4 and phosphorylated PI3K and protein kinase B (Akt) were reduced upon Fraxetin treatment. Finally, PLK4 overexpression significantly reversed all the effects of Fraxetin on DU145 cells. Collectively, Fraxetin acted as a cancer suppressor in prostate cancer through inhibiting PLK4 expression thereby inactivating PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ma
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yanfang Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Guanggu Branch of Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan City, China
| | - Weixing Peng
- Department of Urology, Zhoushan Branch Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Zhoushan City, China
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Balaha M, Ahmed N, Geddawy A, Kandeel S. Fraxetin prevented sodium fluoride-induced chronic pancreatitis in rats: Role of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic and anti-apoptotic activities. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107372. [PMID: 33524802 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis is considered a common gastrointestinal disorder, with significant morbidity and mortality. Fluoride is an important agent for the development of our body systems, especially for bone and teeth, however on its excess consumption, it deposits in different body tissues, especially the pancreas, causing its chronic inflammation and destruction. Fraxetin proved to possess versatile activities including; antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and anti-apoptotic activities. In the present study, we have evaluated the fraxetin potentiality to prevent fluoride-induced chronic pancreatitis in rats, by evaluating animal body weights and body weight gain rate, serum amylase, and lipase activities, pancreatic oxidative stress markers, cytokines, apoptotic markers, myeloperoxidase, and hydroxyproline levels, and histopathological changes. Nine-weeks-old male Wistar rats drank distilled water containing 500 ppm sodium fluoride (NaF) for 60 days to induce chronic pancreatitis. Oral fraxetin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day) received simultaneously to prevent chronic pancreatitis development. Fraxetin in a dose-dependent manner alleviated chronic pancreatitis induced by NaF, as it restored the decreased body weight and weight gain rate, decreased the elevated serum amylase and lipase activities, pancreatic IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, caspase-3, MPO and hydroxyproline levels, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, enhanced pancreatic CAT and SOD activities, and GSH levels, besides it augmented the elevated IL-10 level, with the restoration of normal pancreatic architecture. Therefore, fraxetin could be a promising agent recommended for the prevention of fluoride-induced chronic pancreatitis in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Balaha
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Postal No. 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Nehad Ahmed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Geddawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Postal No. 31527, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samah Kandeel
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Postal No. 31527 Tanta, Egypt
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Wang Q, Zhuang D, Feng W, Ma B, Qin L, Jin L. Fraxetin inhibits interleukin-1β-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and matrix degradation in chondrocytes and protects rat cartilage in vivo. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1499-506. [PMID: 33424243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by degeneration of the joint complex due to cartilage destruction. Fraxetin, a widely used and studied coumarin compound extracted from a traditional Chinese herb (Qin Pi), has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its effects on OA have not been studied. In the present study, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) were used to evaluate the effects of fraxetin on IL-1β-induced apoptotic activity, inflammatory responses, and catabolism in rat chondrocytes. The results showed that fraxetin prevented IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes and inhibited inflammatory mediator release by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in chondrocytes. Additionally, fraxetin suppressed the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and degradation of collagen II in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Moreover, the effects of fraxetin in vivo were assessed in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of OA using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Safranin O-fast green staining and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that fraxetin protected the cartilage against destruction. In conclusion, fraxetin could be a potential therapeutic for OA.
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Key Words
- BSA, bovine albumin serum
- CCK-8, cell counting kit-8
- Catabolism
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular pattern
- DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Fraxetin
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- IL, interleukin
- IL-1β
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- Inflammation
- IκBα, inhibitor of NF-κB-α
- MIA, monosodium iodoacetate
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88
- NF, nuclear factor
- OA, osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline, PMSF, phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride
- PRR, pattern recognition receptor
- RIPA, radio-immunoprecipitation assay
- SD, Sprague-Dawley
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- SPF, specific pathogen free
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling
- TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor
- TUNEL, TdT dUTP nick-end labeling
- TdT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
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Xu H, Zhang J, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang B. Fraxetin inhibits the proliferation of RL95-2 cells through regulation of metabolism. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2020; 13:1500-1505. [PMID: 32782668 PMCID: PMC7414476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This project investigated the inhibitory effect of Fraxetin on endometrial cancer cell proliferation, and explored the possibility of applying Fraxetin in the treatment of endometrial cancer. METHODS Human endometrial cancer RL95-2 cell line was cultured in vitro, and the cells were administered different concentrations of Fraxetin. MTS was used to detect the inhibitory effect of Fraxetin on proliferation. Flow cytometry was applied to detect the effect of Fraxetin on RL95-2 cell cycle. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase-3, caspase-9, p-AMPK, AMPK, p-mTOR, and mTOR. JC-1 staining was used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential changes in the cells before and after the administration. The glucose oxidase method and the lactate oxidase method were used to detect changes in glucose consumption and lactic acid production in endometrial cancer cells before and after drug intervention, respectively. RESULTS Fraxetin inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. The expressions of caspase-3 and caspase-9 increased significantly, p-AMPK gradually increased, and mitochondrial membrane potential weakened. Glucose consumption and lactic acid production increased significantly. CONCLUSION Fraxetin can inhibit the proliferation of RL95-2 cells, promote apoptosis, inhibit mitochondrial oxidation of endometrial cancer cells, promote anaerobic metabolism of cells, and exert an inhibitory effect on endometrial cancer cells by inhibiting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009, China
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Ren S, Xing Y, Wang C, Jiang F, Liu G, Li Z, Jiang T, Zhu Y, Piao D. Fraxetin inhibits the growth of colon adenocarcinoma cells via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signalling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 125:105777. [PMID: 32504672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fraxetin, extracted from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, has been shown to exhibit antitumour and anti-inflammatory pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer activity towards colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is not well understood. We aimed to determine the antitumour effect of fraxetin on COAD cell lines and elucidate its biochemical and molecular targets. METHODS The cell lines HCT116 and DLD-1 were used to evaluate the in vitro antitumour efficacy of fraxetin. Cytotoxicity and viability were assessed by CCK-8 and plate colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis and cell cycle progression in fraxetin-treated COAD cells. Western blot, RT-qPCR, molecular docking, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to gain insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms. Preclinical curative effects were evaluated in nude mouse xenograft models. RESULTS Fraxetin significantly inhibited COAD cell proliferation in both dose- and time-dependent manners, specifically by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and triggering intrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, the level of p-JAK2 was decreased by fraxetin via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signalling pathway. Interestingly, in COAD cells, fraxetin directly targeted the Y1007 and Y1008 residues of JAK2 to suppress its auto- or transphosphorylation, leading to decreased activation of its downstream effector STAT3 and blocking its nuclear translocation. Finally, fraxetin exhibited good tumour growth suppression activity and low toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Fraxetin inhibits the proliferation of COAD cells by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, providing evidence that targeting JAK2 with fraxetin may offer a novel potential auxiliary therapy for COAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengqi Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Mo Z, Li L, Yu H, Wu Y, Li H. Coumarins ameliorate diabetogenic action of dexamethasone via Akt activation and AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:151-157. [PMID: 30733181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely prescribed for lots of pathological conditions, however, can produce 'Cushingoid' side effects including central obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and so forth. Our study is intended to investigate the improving effects of coumarins on diabetogenic action of dexamethasone in vivo and in vitro and elucidate potential mechanisms. ICR mice treated with dexamethasone for 21 days exhibited decreased body weight, increased blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, which were prevented by fraxetin (40 mg/kg/day), esculin (40 mg/kg/day) and osthole (20 mg/kg/day), respectively. Esculin, fraxetin and osthole also could promote glucose uptake in normal C2C12 myotubes, and improve insulin resistance in myotubes induced by dexamethasone. Western blotting results indicated that esculin, fraxetin and osthole could boost Akt activation, stimulate GLUT4 translocation, thus alleviate insulin resistance. Esculin and osthole also could activate AMPK, thereby phosphorylate TBC1D1 at Ser237, and consequently ameliorate diabetogenic action of dexamethasone. Our study indicates coumarins as potential anti-diabetic candidates or leading compounds for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Mo
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghuan Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiwen Yu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqi Wu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China; Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven 06520, USA.
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Wu B, Wang R, Li S, Wang Y, Song F, Gu Y, Yuan Y. Antifibrotic effects of Fraxetin on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis by targeting NF-κB/IκBα, MAPKs and Bcl-2/Bax pathways. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:409-416. [PMID: 31003150 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a chronic lesion which ultimately results in cirrhosis and possible death. Although the high incidence and lethality, few therapies are effective for liver fibrosis. Fraxetin (7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin), a natural product extracted from cortex fraxini, has exhibited a significant hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic properties. However, the underlying mechanism of the anti-hepatic fibrotic property remains unknown. METHODS 48 Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups at random which were named as normal group, model group, fraxetin 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg group. The experimental model of liver fibrosis was founded by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) rats which were simultaneously treated with fraxetin (25 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg). Normal groups received equal volumes of saline and peanut oil. RESULTS Results showed that fraxetin ameliorated CCl4 induced liver damage and fibrosis. Furthermore, histopathology examinations revealed that fraxetin improved the morphology and alleviated collagen deposition in fibrotic liver. Fraxetin inhibited inflammation and hepatocytes apoptosis by modulating the NF-κB/IκBα, MAPKs and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that fraxetin is effective in preventing liver fibrosis through inhibiting inflammation and hepatocytes apoptosis which is associated with regulating NF-κB/IκBα, MAPKs and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuxing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Chen X, Ying X, Sun W, Zhu H, Jiang X, Chen B. The therapeutic effect of fraxetin on ethanol-induced hepatic fibrosis by enhancing ethanol metabolism, inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating inflammatory mediators in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 56:98-104. [PMID: 29414667 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of fraxetin against ethanol induced liver fibrosis in rats. Rats were underwent intragastric administration of ethanol (5.0-9.5 g/kg) once a day for 24 weeks. Effect of fraxetin against ethanol induced liver fibrosis was investigated by giving 20 or 50 mg/kg fraxetin. At the end of experiment, the livers were collected for histopathological analyses, protein extraction, and enzymatic activities. Our results indicated that fraxetin significantly corrected ethanol-induced hepatic fibrosis, as evidenced by the decrease in serum ALT and AST, the attenuation of histopathological changes. Fraxetin also expedited ethanol metabolism by enhancing the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities. Besides, fraxetin alleviated lipid peroxidation, enhanced hepatic antioxidant capabilities, inhibited CYP2E1 activity, and reduced the inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α and IL-1β via up-regulation of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein. In summary, the hepatoprotection of fraxetin is mostly attributed to its antioxidant capability, alcohol metabolism, and anti-inflammation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of ultrasound imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaozhou Ying
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weiming Sun
- Department of ultrasound imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Huijia Zhu
- Department of ultrasound imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of ultrasound imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of ultrasound imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China.
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Singh DK, Cheema HS, Saxena A, Singh S, Darokar MP, Bawankule DU, Shanker K, Luqman S. Fraxetin and ethyl acetate extract from Lawsonia inermis L. ameliorate oxidative stress in P. berghei infected mice by augmenting antioxidant defence system. Phytomedicine 2017; 36:262-272. [PMID: 29157824 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lawsonia inermis L. is a well-documented plant for cosmetic as well as medicinal properties. It is used by local communities in India and Nigeria for the treatment of many parasitic diseases, including malaria. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Earlier studies on the plant's antiplasmodial activity were not assigned to any phytochemical with no quality assurance data. In this report, a recent chemically characterized extract and it's major constituent were investigated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity on chloroquine sensitive NF-54 strain. Furtherly, the potent extract and this constituent were assessed in vivo in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. The bioactive phytochemical and enriched extract were also monitored against various oxidative stress parameters. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD The extract characterization was done by the quantitative analysis of eight phytochemicals using gradient reverse phase HPLC method. In vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated on chloroquine sensitive NF-54 strain by the determination of pfLDH activity. In vivo activity of the most potent extract and constituent were evaluated in P. berghei infected mice upon oral administration. The estimation of oxidative stress was done by monitoring various enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters. RESULTS The ethyl acetate extract of leaves (IC50 9.00 ± 0.68 µg/ml) and fraxetin (IC50 19.21 ± 1.04 µM) were the most effective in in vitro assays therefore selected for in vivo tests. The administration of the ethyl acetate extract of leaves and fraxetin to the infected mice resulted in significant (p < .05) suppression of parasitaemia as evidenced by a 70.44 ± 2.58% to 78.77 ± 3.43% reduction compared to non-infected group. In addition, a two-fold increase in mean survival time, a significant (p < .05) reduction in lipid peroxidation and an elevation in glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase were also observed in treated mice. The post-infection treatment also led to an augmentation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (GST, GR, GPx) with respect to the infected control. A significant (p < .05) elevation in serum Nrf2-antioxidant response element level responsible for the activation of endogenous enzymes was also observed. CONCLUSION It was evident from the experiments that ethyl acetate extract of L. inermis and fraxetin were able to suppress the oxidative damage by augmenting endogenous antioxidant system and thus ameliorated the plasmodium infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Kumar Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harveer Singh Cheema
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archana Saxena
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Kundu J, Chae IG, Chun KS. Fraxetin Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression by Activation of Akt/Nrf2 or AMP-activated Protein Kinase α/Nrf2 Pathway in HaCaT Cells. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:135-143. [PMID: 27722139 PMCID: PMC5051587 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.3.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fraxetin (7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin), a coumarin derivative, has been reported to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. A number of recent observations suggest that the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibits inflammation and tumorigenesis. In the present study, we determined the effect of fraxetin on HO-1 expression in HaCaT human keratinocytes and investigated its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Reverse transcriptase-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Cell viability was measured by the MTS test. The induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by fraxetin was evaluated by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. Results Fraxetin upregulated mRNA and protein expression of HO-1. Incubation with fraxetin induced the localization of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in the nucleus and increased the antioxidant response element-reporter gene activity. Fraxetin also induced the phosphorylation of Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α and diminished the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, a negative regulator of Akt. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt and AMPKα abrogated fraxetin-induced expression of HO-1 and nuclear localization of Nrf2. Furthermore, fraxetin generated ROS in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions Fraxetin induces HO-1 expression through activation of Akt/Nrf2 or AMPKα/Nrf2 pathway in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthika Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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Wang H, Xiao B, Hao Z, Sun Z. Simultaneous determination of fraxin and its metabolite, fraxetin, in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:70-74. [PMID: 26945887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of fraxin and its metabolite, fraxetin, in rat plasma, using esculin as the internal standard (IS). The plasma samples were precipitated with methanol before separation on an Nova-Pak C18 column (150mm×3.9mm, 3μm) using a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and methanol (55:45) at a flow rate of 0.8mL/min. The analytes were detected by multiple reaction monitoring in the negative ion mode with the mass transitions at m/z 368.9→ m/z 191.9 (fraxin), m/z 206.9→ m/z 191.8 (fraxetin) and m/z 339.0→ m/z 176.9 (esculin, IS). The results demonstrated that the calibration curves for both analytes have good linearity (r≥0.995) over a concentration range of 5.00-3000ng/mL. The assay was validated according to the regulatory bioanalytical guidelines and proved acceptable. The intra- and inter-day precisions (R.S.D.%) were within 10.9% for both analytes, whereas the deviation of assay accuracies (R.E.%) ranged from -5.3 to 1.0%. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after a single oral dose of fraxin at 50mg/kg to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222002, PR China
| | - Bingxin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222002, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222002, PR China
| | - Zengxian Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222002, PR China.
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Murali R, Srinivasan S, Ashokkumar N. Antihyperglycemic effect of fraxetin on hepatic key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochimie 2013; 95:1848-54. [PMID: 23806420 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the diabetes mellitus is a serious health burden for both governments and healthcare providers. The present study was hypothesized to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of fraxetin by determining the activities of key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ (40 mg/kg b.w). Fraxetin was administered to diabetic rats intra gastrically at 20, 40, 80 mg/kg b.w for 30 days. The dose 80 mg/kg b.w, significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and increased plasma insulin level. The altered activities of the key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism such as glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and hepatic enzymes (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) in the liver tissues of diabetic rats were significantly reverted to near normal levels by the administration of fraxetin. Further, fraxetin administration to diabetic rats improved body weight and hepatic glycogen content demonstrated its antihyperglycemic potential. The present findings suggest that fraxetin may be useful in the treatment of diabetes even though clinical studies to evaluate this possibility may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Murali
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
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