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Crea F. Never too soon to start cardiovascular prevention: the earlier the better. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3001-3005. [PMID: 39216872 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Crea
- Center of Excellence of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ospedale Isola Tiberina - Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Rubboli A, Atar D, Sibbing D. De-escalation of antithrombotic treatment after acute coronary syndrome, a new paradigm. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:1537-1548. [PMID: 38594458 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
After an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) it is imperative to balance the bleeding vs. the ischemic risk given the similar prognostic impact of the two events. Since the post-discharge bleeding risk is substantially stable over time whereas the ischemic risk accumulates in the first weeks to months, a strategy of de-escalation of antithrombotic treatment, consisting in the reduction of either the duration (i.e., early interruption of one antiplatelet agent) or the intensity (i.e., switching from the more potent P2Y12-inhibitors prasugrel or ticagrelor to clopidogrel) of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), has been proposed. Reducing the intensity of DAPT can be carried out as a default strategy (unguided approach) or based on the results of either platelet function tests or genetic tests (guided approach). Overall, all de-escalation strategies have shown to consistently decrease bleeding events with no apparent increase in ischemic events as compared to 12-month standard-of-care DAPT. Owing however to several limitations and weaknesses of the available evidence, de-escalation strategies are currently not recommended as a routine, but should rather be considered for selected ACS patients, such as those at increased risk of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rubboli
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Viale Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Dan Atar
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Sibbing
- Privatklinik Lauterbacher Mühle am Ostersee, Iffeldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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3
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Lee YJ, Cho DK, Lee JW, Shin S, Kwon SW, Suh Y, Kang TS, Park JK, Bae JW, Kang WC, Kim S, Lee SJ, Hong SJ, Ahn CM, Kim JS, Kim BK, Ko YG, Choi D, Jang Y, Yun KH, Hong MK. Ticagrelor monotherapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: An individual patient-level meta-analysis from TICO and T-PASS trials. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00301-5. [PMID: 39153473 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) tend to be excluded or under-represented in randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of potent P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). METHODS Individual patient data were pooled from randomized clinical trials that included STEMI patients undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and compared ticagrelor monotherapy after short-term (≤3 months) DAPT versus ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT in terms of centrally adjudicated clinical outcomes. The co-primary outcomes were efficacy outcome (composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and safety outcome (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5 bleeding) at 1 year. FINDINGS The pooled cohort contained 2,253 patients with STEMI. The incidence of the primary efficacy outcome did not differ between the ticagrelor monotherapy group and the ticagrelor-based DAPT group (1.8% versus 2.0%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49-1.61; p = 0.684). There was no difference in cardiac death between the groups (0.6% versus 0.7%; HR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.32-2.46; p = 0.822). The incidence of the primary safety outcome was significantly lower in the ticagrelor monotherapy group (2.3% versus 4.0%; HR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.35-0.92; p = 0.020). No heterogeneity of treatment effects was observed for the primary outcomes across subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with STEMI treated with DES implantation, ticagrelor monotherapy after short-term DAPT was associated with lower major bleeding without an increase in the risk of ischemic events compared with ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT. Further research is necessary to extend these findings to non-Asian patients. FUNDING This study was funded by Biotronik (Bülach, Switzerland).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Joon Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok-Kyu Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jun-Won Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Shin
- Department of Cardiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kwon
- Department of Cardiology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yongsung Suh
- Department of Cardiology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong-Kwan Park
- Department of Cardiology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jang-Whan Bae
- Department of Cardiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Woong Cheol Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Min Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Department of Cardiology, CHA University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyeong Ho Yun
- Department of Cardiology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea.
| | - Myeong-Ki Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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4
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Kang J, Yun J, Park KW, Park M, Park S, Hwang D, Han JK, Yang HM, Kang HJ, Koo BK, Angiolillo DJ, Urban P, Kim HS. Long-term outcomes of high bleeding risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a Korean nationwide registry. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae462. [PMID: 39042715 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at increased risk of not only bleeding, but also ischaemic events. This study aimed to determine the long-term relative risk of ischaemic and bleeding events in HBR patients. METHODS This study was a nationwide cohort study, based on the Korean National Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. Patients diagnosed with stable angina or acute coronary syndrome and those who underwent PCI in Korea between 2009 and 2018 were included in the analysis. According to the Academic Research Consortium HBR criteria, the total population was divided into HBR and non-HBR groups. The co-primary outcomes were major bleeding events and ischaemic (composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and ischaemic stroke) events. RESULTS Among a total of 325 417 patients who underwent PCI, 66 426 patients (20.4%) had HBR. During the follow-up period, HBR patients had a higher risk for major bleeding events (23.9% vs. 8.9%, P < .001) and ischaemic events (33.8% vs. 14.4%, P < .001). However, the impact of HBR was significant for major bleeding events [hazard ratio (HR) 3.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.04-3.21, P < .001] and for ischaemic events (HR 2.50, 95% CI 2.45-2.56, P < .001). The HBR group was also associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.73, 95% CI 3.66-3.79, P < .001). The average annual rate of major bleeding events within the first year after PCI was 5.5% for a single major criterion, and 2.9% for a single minor criterion. CONCLUSIONS Among patients undergoing PCI, those with HBR were at increased long-term risk for both bleeding and ischaemic events, with a greater risk of mortality compared to non-HBR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehoon Kang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junpil Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Woo Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Minae Park
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Park
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Hwang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Han
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Mo Yang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Kang
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Kwon Koo
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Philip Urban
- Hôpital de la Tour, 1 Ave Maillard, 1217 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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5
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Kaski JC, Al-Lamee R, Boden WE. The year in cardiovascular medicine 2023: the top 10 papers in ischaemic heart disease. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1201-1204. [PMID: 38442290 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Kaski
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Rasha Al-Lamee
- Imperial College London, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Rd, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - William E Boden
- Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical Trials Network, VA New England Healthcare System, VA Boston-Jamaica Plain Campus, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA
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Barbato E, McEntegart M, Gori T. The year in cardiovascular medicine 2023: the top 10 papers in interventional cardiology. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1198-1200. [PMID: 38442292 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Margaret McEntegart
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tommaso Gori
- Kardiologie I, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Centre Mainz and DZHK Standort Rhein-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Spirito A, Krishnan SL, Capodanno D, Angiolillo DJ, Mehran R. Antiplatelet De-Escalation Strategies in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2024; 17:e013263. [PMID: 38626078 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.123.013263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy-the combination of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor-remains the standard antiplatelet regimen recommended to prevent ischemic complications immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention. Nonetheless, recent advances in stent technologies, percutaneous coronary intervention techniques, adjunctive pharmacotherapy for secondary prevention, and the rising awareness of the prognostic impact of bleeding, which are inevitably associated with dual antiplatelet therapy, led to the investigation of alternative antiplatelet regimens related to fewer bleeding and a preserved ischemic protection. Thrombotic complications occur mostly in the first months after percutaneous coronary intervention, while the risk of bleeding remains stable over time; this observation laid the foundation of the concept of antiplatelet de-escalation, consisting of a more intense antiplatelet regimen early after percutaneous coronary intervention, followed by a less potent antiplatelet therapy thereafter. According to new definitions proposed by the Academic Research Consortium, de-escalation can be achieved by discontinuation of 1 antiplatelet agent, switching from a potent P2Y12 inhibitor to clopidogrel, or by reducing the dose of antiplatelet agents. This review discusses the rationale and the evidence supporting antiplatelet de-escalation, provides practical guidance to use these new regimens, and gives insights into future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Spirito
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.S., S.L.K., R.M.)
| | - Sriya L Krishnan
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.S., S.L.K., R.M.)
| | - Davide Capodanno
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco," Catania, Italy (D.C.)
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville (D.J.A.)
| | - Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A.S., S.L.K., R.M.)
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Licordari R, Costa F, Garcia-Ruiz V, Mamas MA, Marquis-Gravel G, de la Torre Hernandez JM, Gomez Doblas JJ, Jimenez-Navarro M, Rodriguez-Capitan J, Urbano-Carrillo C, Ortega-Paz L, Piccolo R, Versace AG, Di Bella G, Andò G, Angiolillo DJ, Valgimigli M, Micari A. The Evolving Field of Acute Coronary Syndrome Management: A Critical Appraisal of the 2023 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1885. [PMID: 38610650 PMCID: PMC11012418 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), encompassing conditions like ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS), represent a significant challenge in cardiovascular care due to their complex pathophysiology and substantial impact on morbidity and mortality. The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for ACS management introduce several updates in key areas such as invasive treatment timing in NSTE-ACS, pre-treatment strategies, approaches to multivessel disease, and the use of imaging modalities including computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and intracoronary imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). They also address a modulation of antiplatelet therapy, taking into consideration different patient risk profiles, and introduce new recommendations for low-dose colchicine. These guidelines provide important evidence-based updates in practice, reflecting an evolution in the understanding and management of ACS, yet some potentially missed opportunities for more personalized care and technology adoption are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Licordari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Mamas A. Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK;
| | - Guillaume Marquis-Gravel
- Montréal Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | | | - Juan Jose Gomez Doblas
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBERCV, IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Departamento de Medicina UMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (J.J.G.D.); (M.J.-N.); (J.R.-C.)
| | - Manuel Jimenez-Navarro
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBERCV, IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Departamento de Medicina UMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (J.J.G.D.); (M.J.-N.); (J.R.-C.)
| | - Jorge Rodriguez-Capitan
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, CIBERCV, IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Departamento de Medicina UMA, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (J.J.G.D.); (M.J.-N.); (J.R.-C.)
| | | | - Luis Ortega-Paz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA (D.J.A.)
| | - Raffaele Piccolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | | | - Gianluca Di Bella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.D.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Andò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.D.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Dominick J. Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA (D.J.A.)
| | - Marco Valgimigli
- Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Antonio Micari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.M.)
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Galli M, Laborante R, Occhipinti G, Zito A, Spadafora L, Biondi-Zoccai G, Nerla R, Castriota F, D'Amario D, Capodanno D, Jeong YH, Kimura T, Mehran R, Angiolillo DJ. Impact of ethnicity on antiplatelet treatment regimens for bleeding reduction in acute coronary syndromes: a systematic review and pre-specified subgroup meta-analysis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2024; 10:158-169. [PMID: 37960983 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing bleeding reduction strategies using antiplatelet treatment regimens (BRATs) in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have shown promising results, but the generalizability of these findings may be significantly influenced by the ethnicity of the patients enrolled, given that East Asian (EA) patients show different ischaemic-bleeding risk profile compared to non-EA patients. METHODS AND RESULTS RCTs comparing a BRAT vs. standard 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were selected. The primary efficacy endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as defined in each trial and the primary safety endpoint was minor or major bleeding. Twenty-six RCTs testing seven different BRATs were included. The only strategy associated with a trade-off in MACE was 'upfront unguided de-escalation' in the subgroup of non-EAs (risk ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.24). All but aspirin monotherapy-based strategies (i.e. 'short and very short DAPT followed by aspirin') were associated with reduced bleeding compared with standard DAPT in both EA and non-EA patients. There were no significant differences between subgroups, but the lack of RCTs in some of the included strategies and the difference in the certainty of evidence between EA and non-EA patients revealed that the evidence in support of different BRATs in ACS undergoing PCI is influenced by ethnicity. Moreover, absolute risk reduction estimation revealed that some BRATs might be more effective than others in reducing bleeding according to ethnicity. CONCLUSION The majority of BRATs are associated with reduced bleeding without any trade-off in hard ischaemic endpoints regardless of ethnicity. However, the supporting evidence and relative safety profiles of different BRATs might be significantly affected by ethnicity, which should be taken into account in clinical practice. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416710).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Galli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Rodolico-San Marco', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andea Zito
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Spadafora
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Nerla
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | - Domenico D'Amario
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina Traslazionale, Università Piemonte Orientale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Capodanno
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Rodolico-San Marco', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- CAU Thrombosis and Biomarker Center, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Division of Cardiology, Hirakata Kohsai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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10
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Capranzano P, Moliterno D, Capodanno D. Aspirin-free antiplatelet strategies after percutaneous coronary interventions. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:572-585. [PMID: 38240716 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitor is the standard antithrombotic treatment after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Several trials have challenged guideline-recommended DAPT after PCI by testing the relative clinical effect of an aspirin-free antiplatelet approach-consisting of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short course (mostly 1-3 months) of DAPT-among patients undergoing PCI without a concomitant indication for oral anticoagulation (OAC). Overall, these studies have shown P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short DAPT to be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of bleeding without an increase in thrombotic or ischaemic events compared with continued DAPT. Moreover, the effects of the P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy without prior DAPT or following a very short course of DAPT after PCI are being investigated in emerging studies, of which one has recently reported unfavourable efficacy results associated with the aspirin-free approach compared with conventional DAPT. Finally, P2Y12 inhibitor alone has been compared with aspirin alone as chronic therapy after DAPT discontinuation, thus challenging the historical role of aspirin as a standard of care for secondary prevention following PCI. A thorough understanding of study designs, populations, treatments, results, and limitations of trials testing P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy vs. DAPT or vs. aspirin is required to consider adopting this treatment in clinical practice. This review addresses the use of aspirin-free antiplatelet strategies among patients undergoing PCI without a concomitant indication for OAC, providing an overview of clinical evidence, guideline indications, practical implications, ongoing issues, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Capranzano
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Rodolico-San Marco', University of Catania, s Sofia, 78, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - David Moliterno
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Davide Capodanno
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Rodolico-San Marco', University of Catania, s Sofia, 78, Catania 95123, Italy
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Cayla G, Lattuca B. De-escalation from potent P2Y12 inhibitors to clopidogrel: an alternative to short DAPT duration in HBR patients? EUROINTERVENTION 2023; 19:e789-e791. [PMID: 38050993 PMCID: PMC10687644 DOI: 10.4244/eij-e-23-00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Cayla
- Department of Cardiology, Nimes University Hospital, Montpellier University, ACTION study group, Nimes, France
| | - Benoit Lattuca
- Department of Cardiology, Nimes University Hospital, Montpellier University, ACTION study group, Nimes, France
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12
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Kim MC, Ahn SG, Cho KH, Sim DS, Hong YJ, Kim JH, Jeong MH, Lee JW, Youn YJ, Kim HY, Yoo KD, Jeon DS, Shin ES, Jeong YH, Chang K, Ahn Y. De-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the TALOS-AMI HBR substudy. EUROINTERVENTION 2023; 19:e832-e843. [PMID: 37724337 PMCID: PMC10687647 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-23-00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of de-escalation of P2Y12 inhibition after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may differ by high bleeding risk (HBR) status. AIMS We investigated the efficacy and safety of de-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel after PCI by HBR status. METHODS This is a non-prespecified post hoc analysis of the TicAgrelor Versus CLOpidogrel in Stabilized Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (TALOS-AMI) trial. Net adverse clinical events (a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] bleeding type 2, 3, or 5) at 1 year post-PCI were compared between the de-escalation (clopidogrel plus aspirin) and the active control (ticagrelor plus aspirin) groups by HBR status, as defined by the modification of the Academic Research Consortium (ARC) criteria. RESULTS A total of 2,625 patients in the TALOS-AMI trial were analysed. Of these, 589 (22.4%) met the modified ARC-HBR criteria. The de-escalation group had lower primary endpoint rates than the control group in both HBR (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.84) and non-HBR (HR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41-0.84) patients. There were no differences in treatment effect for the primary endpoint regardless of HBR status (p for interaction=0.904). BARC bleeding type 3 or 5 was less common in the de-escalation than the control group among HBR patients only (HR 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07-0.84). CONCLUSIONS In stabilised acute myocardial infarction patients, unguided de-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel was associated with a lower rate of net adverse clinical outcomes irrespective of HBR status. The effect of de-escalation of P2Y12 inhibition on reducing haemorrhagic events was greater in patients with HBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chul Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung Gyun Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Doo Sun Sim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young Joon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jun-Won Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Young-Jin Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Hee-Yeol Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Dong Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Doo-Soo Jeon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, South Korea
| | - Kiyuk Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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13
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Gorog DA, Ferreiro JL, Ahrens I, Ako J, Geisler T, Halvorsen S, Huber K, Jeong YH, Navarese EP, Rubboli A, Sibbing D, Siller-Matula JM, Storey RF, Tan JWC, Ten Berg JM, Valgimigli M, Vandenbriele C, Lip GYH. De-escalation or abbreviation of dual antiplatelet therapy in acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention: a Consensus Statement from an international expert panel on coronary thrombosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:830-844. [PMID: 37474795 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Conventional dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention comprises aspirin with a potent P2Y purinoceptor 12 (P2Y12) inhibitor (prasugrel or ticagrelor) for 12 months. Although this approach reduces ischaemic risk, patients are exposed to a substantial risk of bleeding. Strategies to reduce bleeding include de-escalation of DAPT intensity (downgrading from potent P2Y12 inhibitor at conventional doses to either clopidogrel or reduced-dose prasugrel) or abbreviation of DAPT duration. Either strategy requires assessment of the ischaemic and bleeding risks of each individual. De-escalation of DAPT intensity can reduce bleeding without increasing ischaemic events and can be guided by platelet function testing or genotyping. Abbreviation of DAPT duration after 1-6 months, followed by monotherapy with aspirin or a P2Y12 inhibitor, reduces bleeding without an increase in ischaemic events in patients at high bleeding risk, particularly those without high ischaemic risk. However, these two strategies have not yet been compared in a head-to-head clinical trial. In this Consensus Statement, we summarize the evidence base for these treatment approaches, provide guidance on the assessment of ischaemic and bleeding risks, and provide consensus statements from an international panel of experts to help clinicians to optimize these DAPT approaches for individual patients to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Gorog
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
| | - Jose Luis Ferreiro
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, CIBERCV, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ingo Ahrens
- Department of Cardiology and Medical Intensive Care, Augustinerinnen Hospital Cologne, Academic Teaching Hospital University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sigrun Halvorsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- CAU Thrombosis and Biomarker Center, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eliano P Navarese
- Interventional Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea Rubboli
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Dirk Sibbing
- Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Privatklinik Lauterbacher Mühle am Ostsee, Seeshaupt, Germany
| | | | - Robert F Storey
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jack W C Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jurrien M Ten Berg
- St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Valgimigli
- Cardiocentro Institute, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Danish Center for Clinical Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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14
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D'Ascenzo F, De Filippo O. Novel risk score to predict ischaemic and bleeding risk after acute coronary syndrome: new tools for an upcoming new era? Heart 2023; 109:1805-1807. [PMID: 37591687 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Citta della Salute e della Scienza" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Ovidio De Filippo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Citta della Salute e della Scienza" Hospital, Turin, Italy
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15
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Dimitriadis K, Pyrpyris N, Aznaouridis K, Tsioufis K. P2Y12 inhibition in high bleeding risk patients: making the right decision in a complex setting. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2023; 9:669. [PMID: 37553152 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos Dimitriadis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pyrpyris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Aznaouridis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsioufis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27, Athens, Greece
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16
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Kang J, Park KW, Kim HS. Comparison of standard ticagrelor and prasugrel therapies based on previous trials. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3102-3103. [PMID: 37477206 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeehoon Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Crea F. Antithrombotic treatment: personalized antiplatelet therapies and lessons from the gut microbiota. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3023-3026. [PMID: 37607038 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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18
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Chyrchel B, Kruszelnicka O, Wieczorek-Surdacka E, Surdacki A. Association of ADP-Induced Whole-Blood Platelet Aggregation with Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease When Receiving Maintenance Ticagrelor-Based Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4530. [PMID: 37445565 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The degree of platelet inhibition in patients undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) affects cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. Our aim was to search for correlates of residual ex vivo platelet reactivity and circulating soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), an index of in vivo platelet activation, in patients being treated by DAPT with ticagrelor. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregability (by multiple electrode aggregometry) and plasma sP-selectin were estimated in 62 stable post-ACS subjects (46 men and 16 women; mean age: 64 ± 10 years; 30 with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) undergoing maintenance DAPT with ticagrelor and aspirin. These patients did not exhibit heart failure or other relevant coexistent diseases except for properly controlled T2DM, mild renal insufficiency, and hypertension. We also assessed this in 64 subjects on clopidogrel-based DAPT matched for age, sex, and T2DM status. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was below the optimal levels (190-460 arbitrary units (AU) * min) in most patients receiving ticagrelor-based DAPT, especially in those with below-median (<1.9 mmol/L) serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (128 ± 61 vs. 167 ± 73 AU * min for below-median and above-median LDL-c, respectively, p = 0.025). In contrast, platelet reactivity did not differ by LDL-c on clopidogrel-based DAPT (246 ± 101 vs. 268 ± 108 AU * min for below-median and above-median LDL-c, respectively, p > 0.4). Plasma sP-selectin was found to be unrelated to serum LDL-c when receiving DAPT with ticagrelor (p > 0.4) or clopidogrel (p > 0.8). In conclusion, our preliminary observational study suggests the association of lower residual ex vivo platelet aggregability with better LDL-c control in patients undergoing ticagrelor-based maintenance DAPT, which does not appear to be reflected by plasma sP-selectin. Whether the serum LDL-c level should be considered among the factors affecting the degree of platelet inhibition for those treated with ticagrelor-based DAPT needs to be investigated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadeta Chyrchel
- Second Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Olga Kruszelnicka
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Prądnicka Street, 31-202 Cracow, Poland
| | - Ewa Wieczorek-Surdacka
- Center of Innovative Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 7 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Surdacki
- Second Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
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19
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Lee SY, Geisler T, Motovska Z, Jeong YH. Editorial: The individualization of antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease: escalation or de-escalations. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1219689. [PMID: 37346282 PMCID: PMC10280152 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1219689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeub Lee
- CAU Thrombosis and Biomarker Center, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universtität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zuzana Motovska
- Cardiocenter, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- CAU Thrombosis and Biomarker Center, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Gragnano F, Capolongo A, Terracciano F, De Sio V, Maddaluna P, Fimiani F, Moscarella E, Cesaro A, Montone RA, Bianco R, Lisi D, Mensorio MM, Annecchiarico A, Calabrò P. De-escalation strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a step towards precision medicine. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2023. [PMID: 37267100 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2221851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor is a cornerstone in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Current international guidelines recommend the use of 12 months of DAPT with newer P2Y12 inhibitors (i.e. ticagrelor or prasugrel) as first-line therapy in this setting. However, intense and prolonged DAPT regimens are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, with relevant prognostic implications. Recently, a strategy of de-escalation of P2Y12 inhibitors has been proposed as an alternative to conventional DAPT to mitigate the risk of bleeding while preserving ischemic protection after ACS. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize the available evidence on guided and unguided strategies for P2Y12 inhibitor de-escalation in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. EXPERT OPINION Among patients with ACS, guided and unguided de-escalation strategies are safe and effective for secondary cardiovascular prevention. Although the implementation of genetic and platelet function tests is of interest for treatment personalization, the routine use of guided de-escalation strategies seems impractical. In this context, unguided de-escalation approaches appear more attractive, convenient, and suitable for contemporary practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio Capolongo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Sio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maddaluna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Unit of Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, AORN Dei Colli "V. Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Lisi
- UOC Risk Management, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Mario Massimo Mensorio
- UOC Organizzazione E Programmazione Dei Servizi Ospedalieri E Sanitari, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, AORN "Sant'anna E San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
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