1
|
Kim J, Um SB, Shi X. Structural and Cognitive Social Capital of Older Korean Adults and Their Relationship with Depression Trajectories: Latent Class and Growth Curve Analyses. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 98:352-372. [PMID: 37337651 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231183134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether the identified latent classes of structural and cognitive social capital are differently associated with depression trajectories in older Korean adults. From the five waves (2006, 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018) of the Korean Welfare Panel Study, 3,606 participants aged ≥65 were analyzed. The latent class analysis identifies structural and cognitive social capital subgroups. Latent growth curve analysis examined the latent classes' effect on depression trajectories. Three classes were identified: medium-structural and high-cognitive (Class 1), high-structural and cognitive (Class 2), and low-structural and cognitive (Class 3). Classes 1 and 2 showed lower depression at baseline; however, the trajectory change rate was opposite than Class 3. Compared to Classes 1 and 2, depression was highest at baseline but with a slower change rate in Class 3. Therefore, it is important to identify older adults' structural and cognitive social capital classes to depression trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Bi Um
- Department of Social Welfare, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang Shi
- Department of Social Welfare, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Foster S, Bock J. Perceived reputation moderates the link between honor concerns and depressive symptoms. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38530884 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2024.2334036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Prior research has shown that U.S. cultures of honor have higher rates of depression and suicide. While links between honor endorsement and suicide have been established in the literature, a direct test of the primary mechanism underlying this association (reputation damage leading to depression) has not yet been tested. The current study sought to address whether shifts in perceived reputation might be associated with higher levels of depression for honor endorsing individuals. An online sample of 305 participants were tracked across two time points, assessing perceived individual reputation and perceived family reputation, as well as depressive symptoms. Analyses revealed that higher levels of honor concern at Time 1 were linked with higher levels of depressive symptoms at Time 2, but only for those with low perceived reputation - these relationships held while controlling for the stability in reputation and depression across time points, as well as controlling for participants' gender. Findings provide the first empirical evidence that reputation damage may contribute to detriments in mental health in honor endorsers.
Collapse
|
3
|
Satcher LA, Erving CL, Pitt RN. Are There Regional Differences in Mental Health among Black Americans? An Exploration of Explanatory Mechanisms. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01969-3. [PMID: 38468118 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01969-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Using data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) (2001-2003), we examine regional differences in past-year anxiety disorder and past-year major depressive episodes among a geographically diverse sample of Black Americans (N = 3,672). We find that Black Americans residing in the South experience a mental health advantage over Black Americans living in other parts of the country, experiencing lower rates of both anxiety disorder and past-year major depression. We also examine the extent to which stress exposure, religious involvement, and neighborhood contexts help explain any regional differences. We find that stress exposure helps to explain much of the differences observed across regions, while religious involvement and neighborhood contexts help explain observed regional differences to a lesser extent. These findings highlight the importance of considering regional contexts in understanding intra-racial differences in mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lacee A Satcher
- Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, McGuinn Hall 420, 02467, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Besser LM, Lovasi GS, Zambrano JJ, Camacho S, Dhanekula D, Michael YL, Garg P, Hirsch JA, Siscovick D, Hurvitz PM, Biggs ML, Galvin JE, Bartz TM, Longstreth WT. Neighborhood greenspace and neighborhood income associated with white matter grade worsening: Cardiovascular Health Study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12484. [PMID: 37885920 PMCID: PMC10598801 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined whether a combined measure of neighborhood greenspace and neighborhood median income was associated with white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and ventricle size changes. METHODS The sample included 1260 cognitively normal ≥ 65-year-olds with two magnetic resonance images (MRI; ≈ 5 years apart). WMH and ventricular size were graded from 0 (least) to 9 (most) abnormal (worsening = increase of ≥1 grade from initial to follow-up MRI scans). The four-category neighborhood greenspace-income measure was based on median neighborhood greenspace and income values at initial MRI. Multivariable logistic regression tested associations between neighborhood greenspace-income and MRI measures (worsening vs. not). RESULTS White matter grade worsening was more likely for those in lower greenspace-lower income neighborhoods than higher greenspace-higher income neighborhoods (odds ratio = 1.73; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-2.51). DISCUSSION The combination of lower neighborhood income and lower greenspace may be a risk factor for worsening white matter grade on MRI. However, findings need to be replicated in more diverse cohorts. HIGHLIGHTS Population-based cohort of older adults (≥ 65 years) with greenspace and MRI dataCombined measure of neighborhood greenspace and neighborhood income at initial MRIMRI outcomes included white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and ventricular sizeLongitudinal change in MRI outcomes measured approximately 5 years apartWorsening WMH over time more likely for lower greenspace-lower income neighborhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilah M. Besser
- Comprehensive Center for Brain HealthDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineBoca RatonFloridaUSA
| | - Gina S. Lovasi
- Urban Health Collaborative and Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDornslife School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joyce Jimenez Zambrano
- Comprehensive Center for Brain HealthDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineBoca RatonFloridaUSA
| | - Simone Camacho
- Comprehensive Center for Brain HealthDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineBoca RatonFloridaUSA
| | | | - Yvonne L. Michael
- Urban Health Collaborative and Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDornslife School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Parveen Garg
- Division of CardiologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jana A. Hirsch
- Urban Health Collaborative and Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDornslife School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - David Siscovick
- Division of ResearchEvaluation, and PolicyThe New York Academy of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Philip M. Hurvitz
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology and Urban Form LabUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Mary L. Biggs
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - James E. Galvin
- Comprehensive Center for Brain HealthDepartment of NeurologyMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - W. T. Longstreth
- Departments of Neurology and EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rhubart D, Kowalkowski J, Wincott L. The Built Environment and Social and Emotional Support among Rural Older Adults: The Case for Social Infrastructure and Attention to Ethnoracial Differences. RURAL SOCIOLOGY 2023; 88:731-762. [PMID: 37829666 PMCID: PMC10567077 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Social and emotional support (SaES) is essential for older adult mental health and is shaped by individual-level factors and the built environment. However, much of the focus on the built environment, and specifically social infrastructure - the physical places that facilitate social interaction and social tie formation - relies heavily on urban settings or samples with limited diversity. Consequently, there is little understanding if social infrastructure matters for the SaES of older adults in rural America, and across race and ethnicity. Therefore, we use social cohesion as a conceptual lens and the community gerontology framework to determine if availability of social infrastructure is associated with SaES among older adults in rural America and if this relationship varies across race and ethnicity. Using data from 110,850 rural older adults from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System and data from the National Neighborhood Data Archive, we show that among rural ethnoracial minority older adults, higher densities of social infrastructure are associated with higher SaES. This is not true for rural non-Hispanic White older adults. Results highlight the importance of accounting for both social infrastructure as part of the built environment and heterogeneity across race and ethnicity in studies that examine older adult mental and emotional health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Rhubart
- The Pennsylvania State University, Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park PA 16802, USA
| | - Jennifer Kowalkowski
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Logan Wincott
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santos CJ, Paciência I, Ribeiro AI. Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Processes and Dynamics and Healthy Ageing: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116745. [PMID: 35682327 PMCID: PMC9180257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Elderly citizens are concentrated in urban areas and are particularly affected by the immediate residential environment. Cities are unequal and segregated places, where there is an intensification of urban change processes such as gentrification and displacement. We aimed to understand how neighbourhood socioeconomic processes and dynamics influence older people’s health. Three bibliographic databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus—were used to identify evidence of the influence of neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation, socio-spatial segregation, urban renewal, and gentrification on healthy ageing. We followed the method of Arksey and O’Malley, Levac and colleagues, the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the PRISMA-ScR. The included studies (n = 122) were published between 2001 and 2021. Most evaluated neighbourhood deprivation (n = 114), followed by gentrification (n = 5), segregation (n = 2), and urban renewal (n = 1). Overall, older people living in deprived neighbourhoods had worse healthy ageing outcomes than their counterparts living in more advantaged neighbourhoods. Older adults pointed out more negative comments than positive ones for gentrification and urban renewal. As to segregation, the direction of the association was not entirely clear. In conclusion, the literature has not extensively analysed the effects of segregation, gentrification, and urban renewal on healthy ageing, and more quantitative and longitudinal studies should be conducted to draw better inferences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Jardim Santos
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-222-061-820
| | - Inês Paciência
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90570 Oulu, Finland;
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ana Isabel Ribeiro
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Associations between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and severity of depression: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2014. SSM Popul Health 2022; 18:101111. [PMID: 35601220 PMCID: PMC9118884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage may contribute to depression. This study examined associations between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, measured as deprivation, and depression severity within a broadly representative sample of the U.S. adult population. The sample (n = 6308 U.S. adults) was from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Neighborhood deprivation was calculated using the 2010 U.S. Census and shown in tertile form. Depression severity was calculated from responses to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a continuous depression severity score and binary Clinically Relevant Depression (CRD). Multilevel modeling estimated the relationship between deprivation and depression (reference = low deprivation). Models were additionally stratified by gender and race/ethnicity. U.S. adults living in high deprivation neighborhoods were more likely to have a higher PHQ-9 score (p < 0.0001). In unadjusted models, living in high deprivation neighborhoods associated with higher PHQ-9 (β = 0.89, SE = 0.15, p < 0.0001) and higher odds of CRD (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.20–1.51). Living in medium deprivation neighborhoods associated with higher PHQ-9 (β = 0.49, SE = 0.16, p = 0.0019). Associations between deprivation and depression severity lost significance after adjusting for individual-level SES. The results suggest that, for U.S. adults, the relationship between neighborhood-level disadvantage and depression may be attenuated by individual-level SES. Prior to adjustments, living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods associated with depressive severity in U.S. adults. After controlling for covariates, medium deprivation neighborhoods associated with lower odds of depression for U.S. women. The relationship between neighborhood deprivation and depression may be attenuated by individual-level socioeconomic status. This study used a broadly representative, demographically diverse U.S. cohort and is more generalizable than prior studies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shin Park Y, Wyman JF, McMorris BJ, Pruinelli L, Song Y, Kaas MJ, Sherman SE, Fu S. Evaluation of neighborhood resources and mental health in American military Veterans using geographic information systems. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101546. [PMID: 34976617 PMCID: PMC8683884 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Four meaningful neighborhood resource groups were identified by clustering. Living in alcohol-permissive/tobacco-restrictive neighborhoods had negative impacts. Place of residence and distance to the closest VA care facility were not significant.
Neighborhood-level social determinants are increasingly recognized as factors shaping mental health in adults. Data-driven informatics methods and geographic information systems (GIS) offer innovative approaches for quantifying neighborhood attributes and studying their influence on mental health. Guided by a modification of Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Use framework, this cross-sectional study examined associations of neighborhood resource groups with psychological distress and depressive symptoms in 1,528 U.S. Veterans. Data came from the Veteran Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development Proactive Mental Health trial and publicly available sources. Hierarchical clustering based on the proportions of neighborhood resources within walkable distance was used to identify neighborhood resource groups and generalized estimating equations analyzed the association of identified neighborhood resource groups with mental health outcomes. Few resources were found in walkable areas except alcohol and/or tobacco outlets. In clustering analysis, four meaningful neighborhood groups were identified characterized by alcohol and tobacco outlets. Living in an alcohol-permissive and tobacco-restrictive neighborhood was associated with increased psychological distress but not depressive symptoms. Living in urban or rural areas and access to VA care facilities were not associated with either outcome. These findings can be used in developing community-based mental health-promoting interventions and public health policies such as zoning policies to regulate alcohol outlets in neighborhoods. Augmenting community-based services with Veteran-specialized services in neighborhoods where Veterans live provides opportunities for improving their mental health.
Collapse
|
9
|
Congruency of academic and interpersonal subjective social status in relation to adolescent psychological health: the moderating role of Core self-evaluations. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Latent Variables Quantifying Neighborhood Characteristics and Their Associations with Poor Mental Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031202. [PMID: 33572876 PMCID: PMC7908478 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood characteristics can have profound impacts on resident mental health, but the wide variability in methodologies used across studies makes it difficult to reach a consensus as to the implications of these impacts. The aim of this study was to simplify the assessment of neighborhood influence on mental health. We used a factor analysis approach to reduce the multi-dimensional assessment of a neighborhood using census tracts and demographic data available from the American Community Survey (ACS). Multivariate quantitative characterization of the neighborhood was derived by performing a factor analysis on the 2011–2015 ACS data. The utility of the latent variables was examined by determining the association of these factors with poor mental health measures from the 500 Cities Project 2014–2015 data (2017 release). A five-factor model provided the best fit for the data. Each factor represents a complex multi-dimensional construct. However, based on heuristics and for simplicity we refer to them as (1) Affluence, (2) Singletons in Tract, (3) African Americans in Tract, (4) Seniors in Tract, and (5) Hispanics or Latinos in Tract. African Americans in Tract (with loadings showing larger numbers of people who are black, single moms, and unemployed along with fewer people who are white) and Affluence (with loadings showing higher income, education, and home value) were strongly associated with poor mental health (R2=0.67, R2=0.83). These findings demonstrate the utility of this factor model for future research focused on the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and resident mental health.
Collapse
|
11
|
Predictors of decent work across time: Testing propositions from Psychology of Working Theory. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
12
|
Amegbor PM, Braimah JA, Adjaye-Gbewonyo D, Rosenberg MW, Sabel CE. Effect of cognitive and structural social capital on depression among older adults in Ghana: A multilevel cross-sectional analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 89:104045. [PMID: 32416461 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from existing studies suggests social capital has mixed effects on depression and other common mental disorders. There is little knowledge of the possible association between social capital and depression among the growing older population in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigates the effect of cognitive social capital (trust and sense of safety) and structural social capital (social participation or engagement in social activities) on depression among older adults in Ghana. Utilizing multilevel mixed-effect analysis, we investigate the effect of individual-level and neighborhood-level social capital (cognitive and structural) on depression using data from the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE) survey (Wave 1). The findings show that at an individual level, older adults who felt safe at home were less likely to have depression. We observed mixed results for elements of structural social capital at the individual level. Older adults who frequently engaged in club or group meetings, worked with neighbors and engaged in social outings were more likely to have depression; while attending public meetings and socializing with co-workers were associated with reduced likelihood of having depression. At the neighborhood level, increased trust in neighbors was associated with an increased likelihood of having depression (OR = 1.01, p < 0.05) while higher levels of neighborhood safety and structural social capital were associated with a reduced likelihood of having depression. The findings suggest that the differential associations between elements of social capital and depression may be the result of contextual factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prince M Amegbor
- BERTHA Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Joseph A Braimah
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Mackintosh-Corry Hall, Room E208, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Dzifa Adjaye-Gbewonyo
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark W Rosenberg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Mackintosh-Corry Hall, Room E208, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Clive E Sabel
- BERTHA Big Data Centre for Environment and Health, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fritz H, Cutchin MP, Cummins ER. Loss of Trust in the Neighborhood: The Experience of Older African Americans in Detroit. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2018; 73:e108-e119. [PMID: 29471366 PMCID: PMC6454554 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gby019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although evidence suggests that neighborhood conditions are related to stress and health, the processes connecting neighborhood conditions and stress for older minorities is little explored. The purpose of this analysis is to contribute new insights into this issue. Method We conducted a qualitative analysis as part of a larger mixed methods study of 100 African Americans aged 55 years and older living in neighborhoods of varying quality in Detroit, Michigan. A subsample of (n = 20) older adults took photographs of bothersome aspects of their neighborhoods and participated in in-depth photo-elicitation interviews. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Results "Loss of trust in the neighborhood" emerged as the core category to explain how older African Americans in our sample experienced neighborhood stressors in their daily lives. Loss of trust in physical, social, and institutional dimensions of the neighborhood contributed to the core category. Discussion The life course of neighborhoods and the trust placed in them appears to be intimately connected to the well-being of older African Americans. We therefore hypothesize that a fundamental pathway through which neighborhood stressors are experienced for older African Americans in United States "Rust Belt" cities is the multifaceted loss of trust in the neighborhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fritz
- Health Care Sciences, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Malcolm P Cutchin
- Health Care Sciences, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Emily R Cummins
- Center for Urban and Global Studies, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Relationships between the neighborhood environment and depression in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Psychogeriatr 2018; 30:1153-1176. [PMID: 29223174 DOI: 10.1017/s104161021700271x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBackground:While depression is a growing public health issue, the percentage of individuals with depression receiving treatment is low. Physical and social attributes of the neighborhood may influence the level of depressive symptoms and the prevalence of depression in older adults. METHODS This review systematically examined the literature on neighborhood environmental correlates of depression in older adults. Findings were analyzed according to three depression outcomes: depressive symptoms, possible depression, and clinical depression. Based on their description in the article, environmental variables were assigned to one of 25 categories. The strength of evidence was statistically quantified using a meta-analytical approach with articles weighted for sample size and study quality. Findings were summarized by the number of positive, negative, and statistically non-significant associations by each combination of environmental attribute - depression outcome and by combining all depression outcomes. RESULTS Seventy-three articles met the selection criteria. For all depression outcomes combined, 12 of the 25 environmental attribute categories were considered to be sufficiently studied. Three of these, neighborhood socio-economic status, collective efficacy, and personal/crime-related safety were negatively associated with all depression outcomes combined. Moderating effects on associations were sparsely investigated, with 52 articles not examining any. Attributes of the physical neighborhood environment have been understudied. CONCLUSION This review provides support for the potential influence of some neighborhood attributes on population levels of depression. However, further research is needed to adequately examine physical attributes associated with depression and moderators of both social and physical neighborhood environment attribute - depression outcome associations.
Collapse
|
15
|
Assari S, Gibbons FX, Simons R. Depression among Black Youth; Interaction of Class and Place. Brain Sci 2018; 8:E108. [PMID: 29895752 PMCID: PMC6025590 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8060108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although high socioeconomic status (SES) is traditionally conceptualized as a health protective factor, recent literature has documented positive associations between SES (e.g., income) and depression among Blacks, including Black youth. To extend the results of this recent literature, the current study used the Family and Community Health Study (FACHS) data to examine the multiplicative effects of gender, place, and SES on average depressive symptoms of Black youth over a long period of time. FACHS, 1997⁻2017, followed 889 Black children aged 10⁻12 years old for up to 18 years. Depressive symptoms were measured in seven waves. The main predictors of interest were two SES indicators, parent education and family income measured at baseline (1997). Main outcome of interest was average depressive symptoms over the 18 year follow up period. Place of residence and gender were the focal moderators. Linear regression models were used for data analysis. In the pooled sample, living in a predominantly White area was associated with higher average depressive symptoms over time, however, this association was fully explained by higher perceived racial discrimination in the predominantly White areas. We found an interaction between income and place of residence on average depressive symptoms, suggesting that higher income is associated with more depressive symptoms in predominantly White compared to predominantly Black areas. Place did not interact with parent education on average depressive symptoms. Gender also did not interact with education or income on depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that place and SES may interact on depressive symptoms of Black youth, with high income becoming a risk factor for depressive symptoms in predominantly White areas. How SES indicators, such as income, protect or become a risk factor depend on other contextual factors, such as place of residence. There is a need to reduce discrimination experienced by Blacks, especially in predominantly White areas. Meanwhile, Black youth who live in predominantly White areas may require additional help that enhances their coping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- BRITE Center for Science, Research and Policy, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Frederick X Gibbons
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Ronald Simons
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tadaka E, Kono A, Ito E, Kanaya Y, Dai Y, Imamatsu Y, Itoi W. Development of a community's self-efficacy scale for preventing social isolation among community-dwelling older people (Mimamori Scale). BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1198. [PMID: 27894279 PMCID: PMC5127097 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among older people in developed countries, social isolation leading to solitary death has become a public health issue of vital importance. Such isolation could be prevented by monitoring at-risk individuals at the neighborhood level and by implementing supportive networks at the community level. However, a means of measuring community confidence in these measures has not been established. This study is aimed at developing the Community's Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES; Mimamori scale in Japanese) for community members preventing social isolation among older people. METHODS The CSES is a self-administered questionnaire developed on the basis of Bandura's self-efficacy theory. The survey was given to a general population (GEN) sample (n = 6,000) and community volunteer (CVOL) sample (n = 1,297). Construct validity was determined using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The Generative Concern Scale (GCS-R) and Brief Sense of Community Scale (BSCS) were also administered to assess criterion-related validity of the CSES. RESULTS In total, 3,484 and 859 valid responses were received in the GEN and CVOL groups, respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis identified eight items from two domains-community network and neighborhood watch-with goodness of fit index = 0.984, adjusted goodness of fit index = 0.970, comparative fit index = 0.988, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.047. Cronbach's alpha for the entire CSES was 0.87 and for the subscales was 0.80 and higher. The score of the entire CSES was positively correlated with the GCS-R in both the GEN (r = 0.80, p < 0.001) and CVOL (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) samples. CONCLUSIONS The CSES demonstrated adequate reliability and validity for assessing a community's self-efficacy to aid in its preventing social isolation among older people. The scale is potentially useful for promoting health policies, practices, and interventions within communities. This may help prevent social isolation among older people and contribute to overall well-being in aging societies in Japan and abroad.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Tadaka
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004 Japan
| | - Ayumi Kono
- Department of Home Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Osaka City University, 1-5-17 Asahi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051 Japan
| | - Eriko Ito
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004 Japan
| | - Yukiko Kanaya
- Department of Home Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Osaka City University, 1-5-17 Asahi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051 Japan
| | - Yuka Dai
- Kamakura Women’s University, 6-1-3 Ōfuna, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-0056 Japan
| | - Yuki Imamatsu
- Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577 Japan
| | - Waka Itoi
- Teikyo University of Science, 2-2-1 Senjusakuragi, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 120-0045 Japan
| |
Collapse
|