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Jane B, Downey J. Exercise referral schemes in the UK: mapping provision and aims. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae057. [PMID: 38702841 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise Referral Schemes (ERS) are designed so health professionals can refer certain patients to a supervised programme of physical activity. However, evaluations have questioned the effectiveness of these schemes/programmes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the provision of ERS in England and analyse related promotional material. METHODS Content analysis methods were used to analyse scheme websites and promotional material. A coding scheme was used to analyse the data, which included information on the programme's aims, inclusion criteria, type of activities, accessibility and cost. RESULTS The study identified 625 sites offering ERS across 168 geographic areas. Findings highlighted a lack of clarity in what constitutes a scheme. Over a third of schemes did not explicitly state their aims, but of those that did, the focus was mainly on notions of physical and mental health benefits. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to review the scope and offer of ERS in the UK by examining promotional material and highlights issues around the stated aims of ERS. More clarity on aims is needed in the material that promotes the schemes and most likely within the schemes themselves. Such improvements could make a difference when considering engagement with delivery stakeholders and potential participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Jane
- School of Health & Wellbeing, Plymouth Marjon University, Plymouth PL6 8BH, UK
| | - John Downey
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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2
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The Intersection of Health Rehabilitation Services with Quality of Life in Saudi Arabia: Current Status and Future Needs. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030389. [PMID: 36766964 PMCID: PMC9914340 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality of life (QoL) is essential for maintaining a healthy, balanced lifestyle, especially among individuals with chronic diseases. Saudi Arabia (SA) launched a health sector transformation program as part of the nationwide Vision 2030 initiative to ensure the sustainable development of efficient healthcare services, aiming to improve health by increasing well-being and QoL. More investigation into the current status of health rehabilitation services provided to individuals with chronic diseases and future needs to optimize services and improve QoL is needed. This was narratively discussed by experts from different health rehabilitation services in SA. Comprehensive health rehabilitation services including orthopedic, occupational, cardiac, pulmonary, critical care, perioperative, hearing and speech, substance use disorders, and vocational rehabilitation services were addressed. Health rehabilitation services in SA, as in other countries, are suboptimal for individuals in health rehabilitation programs. To optimize the QoL of individuals with chronic diseases, health rehabilitation services should be tailored based on the unique requirements of each service and its serving patients. The shared need to improve health rehabilitation services includes the adoption of home-based and telehealth services, the integration of multi-governmental sectors, the empowerment and allocation of health rehabilitation specialists, public awareness campaigns, policy legislation and guideline development, and the implementation of a long-term follow-up system. This review is one of the first to address the intersection of health rehabilitation services and QoL in SA; urgent and holistic actions are paramount to address the pressing need to optimize SA's health rehabilitation services. The experts' recommendations in this study may be applicable to other countries' health systems, as health rehabilitation services are not well optimized globally.
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Bhanat N, McIntosh S, Khanal P, Ghosh S, Gajendra S. Stakeholders' perceptions of barriers and facilitators for dental and mental health referrals of HIV/AIDS clinic patients. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2022. [PMID: 36000953 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are understudied and underserved with respect to both dental and mental health services. The coexistence of psychiatric and dental problems in PLWHA leads to more complex diagnostic assessments and treatments compared to the general population. The aim of the present study was to identify relevant themes from the perspectives of important stakeholders regarding the barriers to and facilitators of patient referral to these services. METHOD Semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted with nine program directors and other key staff from New York State HIV clinics to examine barriers to and facilitators of successful dental and mental health referrals and factors that affect patient motivation. RESULTS Primary themes crystalized around dental and mental health referral, subject knowledge and perspective, patient barriers, and strategies to overcome barriers. Identified barriers included mental health and HIV status stigma, social determinants of health, fear, disconnectedness, and inconsistent access for dental care. Facilitators identified included case management, integrated one-stop-shop care, and interprofessional awareness and collaboration. Potential patient motivators included process improvement strategies such as transportation support, case management, incentives, and building trust. CONCLUSION Specific strategies to facilitate patient motivation such as care coordination and interprofessional collaboration is useful for improving dental and mental health referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Bhanat
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Prasida Khanal
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Sucharu Ghosh
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Sangeeta Gajendra
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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4
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Albert FA, Malau-Aduli AEO, Crowe MJ, Malau-Aduli BS. Optimising care coordination strategies for physical activity referral scheme patients by Australian health professionals. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270408. [PMID: 35834548 PMCID: PMC9282539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has been identified as an essential tool for the prevention and management of multi-morbidity in patients. Coordination of patients’ care through interventions like physical activity referral schemes (PARS) could foster the utilization of PA. This study explored the views of General Practitioners (GPs) and Exercise Physiologists (EPs) as key stakeholders, for optimizing patient care and efficiency of PARS. Sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used to explore the perceptions of these health professionals on PA and coordination strategies for PARS patient care. Data analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics for questionnaires and theoretical framework analysis for the semi-structured interviews. Participants demonstrated a good knowledge of PA and valued PARS. However, the findings unravelled external factors, inter-organisational mechanisms, and relational coordination obstacles that hinder efficient coordination of PARS patient care and delay/limit beneficial health outcomes for patients. Incentivising the PARS initiative and empowering patients to seek referral into the programme, are strategies that could boost PARS efficiency. Improving inter-professional relationships between GPs and EPs could lead to enhanced PARS functionality and efficient coordination of care for patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis A. Albert
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Aduli E. O. Malau-Aduli
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Melissa J. Crowe
- Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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5
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Andersen P, Holmberg S, Årestedt K, Lendahls L, Nilsen P. Factors associated with increased physical activity among patients prescribed physical activity in Swedish routine health care including an offer of counselor support: a 1-year follow-up. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:509. [PMID: 35292017 PMCID: PMC8925134 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study addresses knowledge gaps in research regarding influences of routine health care delivery of physical activity on prescription (PAP). The aim was to investigate if patient and health care characteristics are associated with increased physical activity 1 year after prescription among patients offered counselor support in addition to health care professionals' prescription. The study was conducted in primary and secondary care in a Swedish health care region. METHODS All PAP recipients during 1 year were invited (N = 1503) to participate in this observational prospective study. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires (baseline and follow-up). Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analysis were used. The outcome variable was increased physical activity after 1 year. Study variables were patient and health care characteristics. RESULTS Three hundred and fifty-five patients with complete follow-up data were included. The mean age was 62 years (SD = 14; range, 18-90) and 68% were females. Almost half (47%) had increased physical activity 1 year after PAP. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that increased physical activity at follow-up was positively associated with lower baseline activity, counselor use, and positive perception of support. Counselor users with low baseline activity had higher odds ratio for increased physical activity at follow-up than non-users (OR = 7.2, 95% CI = 2.2-23.5 vs. OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.4-7.5). Positive perception of support was associated with increased physical activity among counselor users but not among non-users. CONCLUSIONS An increase in physical activity after PAP was related to low baseline activity, positive perception of support, and use of counselor support after PAP. Qualified counseling support linked to PAP seems to be important for achieving increased physical activity among patients with lower baseline activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Andersen
- Department of Research and Development, Region Kronoberg, SE-351 88, Växjö, Sweden. .,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Sara Holmberg
- Department of Research and Development, Region Kronoberg, SE-351 88, Växjö, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Årestedt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82, Kalmar, Sweden.,The Research Section, Region Kalmar County, SE-391 26, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Lena Lendahls
- Department of Research and Development, Region Kronoberg, SE-351 88, Växjö, Sweden.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
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Albert FA, Malau-Aduli AEO, Crowe MJ, Malau-Aduli BS. Australian patients' perception of the efficacy of the physical activity referral scheme (PARS). PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2021; 104:2803-2813. [PMID: 33941421 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimum physical activity (PA) interventions could be delivered via physical activity referral schemes (PARS) if utilised adequately. However, the evidence supporting PARS effectiveness is weak due to low uptake and non-adherence to interventions. OBJECTIVE Patients' experiences of PARS were explored to obtain in-depth insight into their perceived quality of care and practical ways to optimise the programme's effectiveness. METHODS A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was employed to probe cross-sectional quantitative survey data (n = 111) on patients' knowledge and beliefs about PA and PARS and qualitative interview data (n = 15) on their experiences of PARS. Informed by Donabedian framework of healthcare quality assessment, quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated to identify practical ways to enhance PARS effectiveness. RESULTS Participants displayed good PA knowledge, had positive beliefs and perceived PARS to be useful. Nonetheless, bottlenecks in the structure and process of PARS impact on patient health outcomes and hinder the programme's uptake. CONCLUSION Exploring other referral mechanisms into PARS such as self or nurse-initiated referrals could improve the programme's visibility and effectiveness. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Improved support, enhanced visibility of EPs, ongoing interactions between GPs and EPs and education about referral pathways would foster improved uptake, adherence and health outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis A Albert
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Aduli E O Malau-Aduli
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Melissa J Crowe
- Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Bunmi S Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Murdoch J, Varley A, McCulloch J, Jones M, Thomas LB, Clark A, Stirling S, Turner D, Swart AM, Dresser K, Howard G, Saxton J, Hernon J. Implementing supportive exercise interventions in the colorectal cancer care pathway: a process evaluation of the PREPARE-ABC randomised controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1137. [PMID: 34688257 PMCID: PMC8542291 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A colorectal resection is standard treatment for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the procedure results in significant post-operative mortality and reduced quality of life. Maximising pre-operative cardiopulmonary fitness could improve post-surgical outcomes. PREPARE-ABC is a multi-centre, three-armed, randomised controlled trial investigating the effects of exercise interventions, with motivational support on short and longer-term recovery outcomes in CRC patients undergoing major lower-gastrointestinal surgery. The trial included an internal pilot phase with parallel process evaluation. The aim of the process evaluation was to optimise intervention implementation for the main trial. Methods Mixed methods process evaluation conducted in 14 UK hospitals between November 2016 and March 2018. Data included a site profile questionnaire and telephone scoping interview with hospital staff, 34 qualitative observations of standard care and 14 observations of intervention delivery, 13 semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals (HCPs) and 28 semi-structured interviews with patients. Data analysis focused on describing intervention delivery within each arm, assessing fidelity, acceptability and how variation in delivery was linked to contextual characteristics. Results Standard care exercise advice was typically limited to maintaining current activity levels, and with lead-in time to surgery affecting whether any exercise advice was provided. Variation in HCP capacity affected the ability of colorectal units to deploy staff to deliver the intervention. Patients’ exercise history and motivation prior to surgery influenced HCP perceptions and delivery of the motivational components. Observations indicated a high level of fidelity to delivery of the exercise interventions. All but one of the 28 interviewed patients reported increasing exercise levels as a result of receiving the intervention, with most finding them motivational and greatly valuing the enhanced level of social support (versus standard care) provided by staff. Conclusion Hospital-supervised and home-based exercise interventions were highly acceptable for most patients undergoing surgery for CRC. Delivery of pre- and post-operative exercise within the CRC care pathway is feasible but systematic planning of capacity and resources is required to optimise implementation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08880-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Murdoch
- Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Anna Varley
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Jane McCulloch
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Megan Jones
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Laura B Thomas
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Allan Clark
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Susan Stirling
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - David Turner
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Ann Marie Swart
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Kerry Dresser
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Gregory Howard
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - John Saxton
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - James Hernon
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, UK
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8
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Inequalities and Inclusion in Exercise Referral Schemes: A Mixed-Method Multi-Scheme Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063033. [PMID: 33809451 PMCID: PMC7999569 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity prescription, commonly through exercise referral schemes, is an established disease prevention and management pathway. There is considerable heterogeneity in terms of uptake, adherence, and outcomes, but because within-scheme analyses dominate previous research, there is limited contextual understanding of this variance. Both the impact of schemes on health inequalities and best practices for inclusion of at-risk groups are unclear. To address this, we modelled secondary data from the multi-scheme National Referral Database, comprising 23,782 individuals across 14 referral schemes, using a multilevel Bayesian inference approach. Scheme-level local demographics identified over-sampling in uptake; on the basis of uptake and completion data, more inclusive schemes (n = 4) were identified. Scheme coordinators were interviewed, and data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Inequalities presented in a nuanced way. Schemes showed promise for engaging populations at greater risk of poor health (e.g., those from more deprived areas or of an ethnic minority background). However, the completion odds were lower for those with a range of complex circumstances (e.g., a mental health-related referral). We identified creative best practices for widening access (e.g., partnership building), maintaining engagement (e.g., workforce diversity), and tailoring support, but recommend changes to wider operational contexts to ensure such approaches are viable.
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9
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Birtwistle SB, Jones I, Murphy R, Gee I, Watson PM. Family support for physical activity post‐myocardial infarction: A qualitative study exploring the perceptions of cardiac rehabilitation practitioners. Nurs Health Sci 2021; 23:227-236. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Jones
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Rebecca Murphy
- Physical Activity Exchange Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Ivan Gee
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - Paula M. Watson
- Physical Activity Exchange Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
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10
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Dodd-Reynolds CJ, Vallis D, Kasim A, Akhter N, Hanson CL. The Northumberland Exercise Referral Scheme as a Universal Community Weight Management Programme: A Mixed Methods Exploration of Outcomes, Expectations and Experiences across a Social Gradient. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155297. [PMID: 32717836 PMCID: PMC7432420 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Exercise referral schemes (ERS) are internationally recognised, yet little attention has been paid to discrete referral groups or the influence of wider social determinants of health. The primary quantitative element of this mixed methods study used a mixed effects linear model to examine associations of sociodemographic predictors, obesity class and profession of referrer on weight and physical activity (PA) variables for weight-related referrals (n = 3624) to an established 24-week ERS. Chained equations modelling imputed missing data. The embedded qualitative element (n = 7) used individual semi-structured interviews to explore participant weight-related expectations and experiences. Age, gender and profession of referrer influenced weight loss. PA increased and was influenced by age and gender. The weight gap between the most and least obese narrowed over time but the PA gap between most and least widened. Age, employment and obesity class were most predictive of missing data but would unlikely alter overall conclusions. Qualitative themes were weight-loss support, personal circumstances and strategies, and weight expectations versus wellbeing rewards. This ERS worked, did not widen existing obesity inequalities, but demonstrated evidence of PA inequalities for those living with deprivation. To improve equity of experience, we recommend further stakeholder dialogue around referral experience and ongoing support needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J. Dodd-Reynolds
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK
- Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing Physical Activity Special Interest Group, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK; (A.K.); (N.A.)
- Durham Research Methods Centre, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dimitris Vallis
- Durham Research Methods Centre, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK;
| | - Adetayo Kasim
- Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing Physical Activity Special Interest Group, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK; (A.K.); (N.A.)
- Durham Research Methods Centre, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK;
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK
| | - Nasima Akhter
- Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing Physical Activity Special Interest Group, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK; (A.K.); (N.A.)
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3HN, UK
| | - Coral L. Hanson
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, UK;
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11
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Morgan K, Rahman M, Moore G. Patterning in Patient Referral to and Uptake of a National Exercise Referral Scheme (NERS) in Wales From 2008 to 2017: A Data Linkage Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3942. [PMID: 32498367 PMCID: PMC7313463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exercise referral schemes have shown small but positive impacts in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Less is known about the long-term reach of scaled up schemes following a RCT. A RCT of the National Exercise Referral Scheme (NERS) in Wales was completed in 2010, and the scheme scaled up across Wales. In this study, using a retrospective data linkage design, anonymized NERS data were linked to routine health records for referrals between 2008 and 2017. Rates of referral and uptake were modelled across years and a multilevel logistic regression model examined predictors of uptake. In total, 83,598 patients have been referred to the scheme and 67.31% of eligible patients took up NERS. Older adults and referrals for a musculoskeletal or level four condition were more likely to take up NERS. Males, mental health referrals, non-GP referrals and those in the most deprived groupings were less likely to take up NERS. Trends revealed an overall decrease over time in referrals and uptake rates among the most deprived grouping relative to those in the least deprived group. Findings indicate a widening of inequality in referral and uptake following positive RCT findings, both in terms of patient socioeconomic status and referrals for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Morgan
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff CF10 3BD, UK;
| | - Muhammad Rahman
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Graham Moore
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff CF10 3BD, UK;
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12
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Chia KSW, Wong PKK, Gonzalez S, Kotlyar E, Faux SG, Shiner CT. Attitudes towards exercise among medical specialists who manage patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020922806. [PMID: 32489642 PMCID: PMC7238796 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020922806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training was not traditionally recommended for patients with pulmonary hypertension. However, recent work has demonstrated that exercise improves endurance and quality-of-life in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Unfortunately, patients with pulmonary hypertension are often sedentary. While some studies have examined patient attitudes to exercise, none have investigated physician perspectives on exercise in patients with pulmonary hypertension. This multinational survey of physicians involved in treating patients with pulmonary hypertension sought to ascertain physician attitudes to exercise and physician-identified barriers and enablers of exercise in this patient population. We collected cross-sectional survey data from a cohort of 280 physicians, including rehabilitation physicians, cardiologists, respiratory physicians and rheumatologists. We found that overall, 86% physicians recommended exercise, in line with current guidelines, although there were differences in the rationale for prescribing exercise and in the type of exercise prescription. Barriers to exercise included patient-related factors, such as patient ill health preventing exercise; poor patient motivation and lack of understanding regarding the benefits of exercise. Systemic barriers included cost/funding issues and limited availability of appropriate services. Perceived enablers of exercise included access to appropriate programmes, provision of education and supportive treating clinicians. Further research is required to identify and implement interventions to promote physical activity in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S W Chia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter K K Wong
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Rural Clinical School, Coffs Harbour, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Senen Gonzalez
- Royal Talbot Rehabilitation Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eugene Kotlyar
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Steven G Faux
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christine T Shiner
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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13
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Are Exercise Referral Schemes Associated With an Increase in Physical Activity? Observational Findings Using Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis From the National Referral Database. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:621-631. [PMID: 32396867 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine if exercise referral schemes (ERSs) are associated with meaningful changes in physical activity in a large cohort of individuals throughout England, Scotland, and Wales from The National Referral Database. METHODS Data were obtained from 5246 participants from 12 different ERSs, lasting 6-12 weeks. The preexercise referral scheme and changes from the preexercise to the postexercise referral scheme in self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores were examined. A 2-stage individual patient data meta-analysis was used to generate the effect estimates. RESULTS For the pre-ERS metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes per week, the estimate (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 676 MET minutes per week (539 to 812). For the change in MET minutes per week, the estimate (95% CI) was an increase of 540 MET minutes per week (396 to 684). Changes in the total PA levels occurred as a result of increases in vigorous activity of 17 minutes (95% CI, 9 to 24), increases in moderate activity of 29 minutes (95% CI, 22 to 36), and reductions in sitting of -61 minutes (95% CI, -78 to -43), though little change in walking (-5 min; 95% CI, -14 to 5) was found. CONCLUSIONS Most participants undergoing ERSs are already "moderately active." Changes in PA behavior associated with participation are through increased moderate to vigorous PA and reduced sitting. However, this was insufficient to change the International Physical Activity Questionnaire category, and the participants were still "moderately active."
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