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Du J, Liu F, Liu X, Zhao D, Wang D, Sun H, Yan C, Zhao Y. Lysosomal dysfunction and overload of nucleosides in thymidine phosphorylase deficiency of MNGIE. J Transl Med 2024; 22:449. [PMID: 38741129 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited deficiency of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), encoded by TYMP, leads to a rare disease with multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abnormalities, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE). However, the impact of TP deficiency on lysosomes remains unclear, which are important for mitochondrial quality control and nucleic acid metabolism. Muscle biopsy tissue and skin fibroblasts from MNGIE patients, patients with m.3243 A > G mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and healthy controls (HC) were collected to perform mitochondrial and lysosomal functional analyses. In addition to mtDNA abnormalities, compared to controls distinctively reduced expression of LAMP1 and increased mitochondrial content were detected in the muscle tissue of MNGIE patients. Skin fibroblasts from MNGIE patients showed decreased expression of LAMP2, lowered lysosomal acidity, reduced enzyme activity and impaired protein degradation ability. TYMP knockout or TP inhibition in cells can also induce the similar lysosomal dysfunction. Using lysosome immunoprecipitation (Lyso- IP), increased mitochondrial proteins, decreased vesicular proteins and V-ATPase enzymes, and accumulation of various nucleosides were detected in lysosomes with TP deficiency. Treatment of cells with high concentrations of dThd and dUrd also triggers lysosomal dysfunction and disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, the results provided evidence that TP deficiency leads to nucleoside accumulation in lysosomes and lysosomal dysfunction, revealing the widespread disruption of organelles underlying MNGIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hongsheng Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Giamogante F, Barazzuol L, Maiorca F, Poggio E, Esposito A, Masato A, Napolitano G, Vagnoni A, Calì T, Brini M. A SPLICS reporter reveals [Formula: see text]-synuclein regulation of lysosome-mitochondria contacts which affects TFEB nuclear translocation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1516. [PMID: 38374070 PMCID: PMC10876553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial and lysosomal activities are crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis: optimal coordination is achieved at their membrane contact sites where distinct protein machineries regulate organelle network dynamics, ions and metabolites exchange. Here we describe a genetically encoded SPLICS reporter for short- and long- juxtapositions between mitochondria and lysosomes. We report the existence of narrow and wide lysosome-mitochondria contacts differently modulated by mitophagy, autophagy and genetic manipulation of tethering factors. The overexpression of α-synuclein (α-syn) reduces the apposition of mitochondria/lysosomes membranes and affects their privileged Ca2+ transfer, impinging on TFEB nuclear translocation. We observe enhanced TFEB nuclear translocation in α-syn-overexpressing cells. We propose that α-syn, by interfering with mitochondria/lysosomes tethering impacts on local Ca2+ regulated pathways, among which TFEB mediated signaling, and in turn mitochondrial and lysosomal function. Defects in mitochondria and lysosome represent a common hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases: targeting their communication could open therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biology (DIBIO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Esposito
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Masato
- Department of Biology (DIBIO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- UK-Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Vagnoni
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology (DIBIO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (DSF), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Leisten ED, Woods AC, Wong YC. Super-resolution microscopy: Insights into mitochondria-lysosome crosstalk in health and disease. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202305032. [PMID: 37917024 PMCID: PMC10621667 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Live super-resolution microscopy has allowed for new insights into recently identified mitochondria-lysosome contact sites, which mediate crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes, including co-regulation of Rab7 GTP hydrolysis and Drp1 GTP hydrolysis. Here, we highlight recent findings and future perspectives on this dynamic pathway and its roles in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Leisten
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abby C. Woods
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yvette C. Wong
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Sutinen A, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Ruskamo S, Kursula P. Conformational analysis of membrane-proximal segments of GDAP1 in a lipidic environment using synchrotron radiation suggests a mode of assembly at the mitochondrial outer membrane. Biophys Chem 2023; 303:107113. [PMID: 37778197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial outer membrane creates a diffusion barrier between the cytosol and the mitochondrial intermembrane space, allowing the exchange of metabolic products, important for efficient mitochondrial function in neurons. The ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 (GDAP1) is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein with a critical role in mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic balance in neurons. Missense mutations in the GDAP1 gene are linked to the most common human peripheral neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). GDAP1 is a distant member of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) superfamily, with unknown enzymatic properties or functions at the molecular level. The structure of the cytosol-facing GST-like domain has been described, but there is no consensus on how the protein interacts with the mitochondrial outer membrane. Here, we describe a model for GDAP1 assembly on the membrane using peptides vicinal to the GDAP1 transmembrane domain. We used oriented circular dichroism spectroscopy (OCD) with synchrotron radiation to study the secondary structure and orientation of GDAP1 segments at the outer and inner surfaces of the outer mitochondrial membrane. These experiments were complemented by small-angle X-ray scattering, providing the first experimental structural models for full-length human GDAP1. The results indicate that GDAP1 is bound into the membrane via a single transmembrane helix, flanked by two peripheral helices interacting with the outer and inner leaflets of the mitochondrial outer membrane in different orientations. Impairment of these interactions could be a mechanism for CMT in the case of missense mutations affecting these segments instead of the GST-like domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Sutinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nykola C Jones
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Salla Ruskamo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Kursula
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Manzoor U, Ali A, Ali SL, Abdelkarem O, Kanwal S, Alotaibi SS, Baazeem A, Baiduissenova A, Yktiyarov A, Hajar A, Olzhabay A. Mutational screening of GDAP1 in dysphonia associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: clinical insights and phenotypic effects. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:119. [PMID: 37966693 PMCID: PMC10651813 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in GDAP1 (Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1) gene are linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), a Heterogenous group of disorders with multiple phenotypes, characterized by peripheral nerve dysfunction that can lead to vocal cord paralysis and diaphragmatic dysfunction. MAIN BODY All three affected children of this chosen family have manifested the same clinical symptoms with progressive weakness, mild sensory impairment, and absent tendon reflexes in their early years. Electrodiagnostic analysis displayed an axonal type of neuropathy in affected patients. Sequencing of the GDAP1 gene was requested for all members of the family. Diagnostic assessments included pulmonary and vocal cord function tests, as well as phrenic and peripheral nerve conduction studies. Pathogenicity of GDAP1 variant p.Pro419Leu with axonal CMT2 and autosomal recessive inheritance was confirmed via in silico analysis. Patients with GDAP1 mutations showed dysphonia, speech difficulties, and the characteristic symptoms of CMT. The severity of symptoms correlated with the presence of a type of GDAP1 mutation. Patients with normal vocal cords and pulmonary function exhibited milder symptoms compared to those with GDAP1 mutations. Our study provides clinical insights into the phenotypic effects of GDAP1 mutations in CMT patients. The findings highlight the adverse clinical course and severe disability associated with GDAP1 mutations, including weak limb and laryngeal muscles. CONCLUSION Patients with GDAP1 mutations and autosomal recessive neuropathy present with dysphonia and require interventions such as surgery, braces, physical therapy, and exercise. Early diagnosis and comprehensive clinical evaluations are crucial for managing CMT patients with GDAP1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Manzoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal, Pakistan.
| | - Awais Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - S Luqman Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Omneya Abdelkarem
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sumaira Kanwal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Saqer S Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Baazeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliya Baiduissenova
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Astana Medical University, Astana City, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayaz Yktiyarov
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Astana Medical University, Astana City, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Azraida Hajar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abay Olzhabay
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Astana Medical University, Astana City, 010000, Kazakhstan
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Peggion C, Barazzuol L, Poggio E, Calì T, Brini M. Ca 2+ signalling: A common language for organelles crosstalk in Parkinson's disease. Cell Calcium 2023; 115:102783. [PMID: 37597300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by multifactorial pathogenic mechanisms. Familial PD is linked with genetic mutations in genes whose products are either associated with mitochondrial function or endo-lysosomal pathways. Of note, mitochondria are essential to sustain high energy demanding synaptic activity of neurons and alterations in mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling have been proposed as causal events for neurodegenerative process, although the mechanisms responsible for the selective loss of specific neuronal populations in the different neurodegenerative diseases is still not clear. Here, we specifically discuss the importance of a correct mitochondrial communication with the other organelles occurring at regions where their membranes become in close contact. We discuss the nature and the role of contact sites that mitochondria establish with ER, lysosomes, and peroxisomes, and how PD related proteins participate in the regulation/dysregulation of the tethering complexes. Unravelling molecular details of mitochondria tethering could contribute to identify specific therapeutic targets and develop new strategies to counteract the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biology (DIBIO), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Italy; Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology (DIBIO), University of Padova, Italy; Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padova, Italy.
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Wong YC, Jayaraj ND, Belton TB, Shum GC, Ball HE, Ren D, Tadenev ALD, Krainc D, Burgess RW, Menichella DM. Misregulation of mitochondria-lysosome contact dynamics in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2B disease Rab7 mutant sensory peripheral neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313010120. [PMID: 37878717 PMCID: PMC10622892 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-organelle contact sites between mitochondria and lysosomes mediate the crosstalk and bidirectional regulation of their dynamics in health and disease. However, mitochondria-lysosome contact sites and their misregulation have not been investigated in peripheral sensory neurons. Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B disease is an autosomal dominant axonal neuropathy affecting peripheral sensory neurons caused by mutations in the GTPase Rab7. Using live super-resolution and confocal time-lapse microscopy, we showed that mitochondria-lysosome contact sites dynamically form in the soma and axons of peripheral sensory neurons. Interestingly, Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B mutant Rab7 led to prolonged mitochondria-lysosome contact site tethering preferentially in the axons of peripheral sensory neurons, due to impaired Rab7 GTP hydrolysis-mediated contact site untethering. We further generated a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B mutant Rab7 knock-in mouse model which exhibited prolonged axonal mitochondria-lysosome contact site tethering and defective downstream axonal mitochondrial dynamics due to impaired Rab7 GTP hydrolysis as well as fragmented mitochondria in the axon of the sciatic nerve. Importantly, mutant Rab7 mice further demonstrated preferential sensory behavioral abnormalities and neuropathy, highlighting an important role for mutant Rab7 in driving degeneration of peripheral sensory neurons. Together, this study identifies an important role for mitochondria-lysosome contact sites in the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette C. Wong
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Nirupa D. Jayaraj
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Tayler B. Belton
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - George C. Shum
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Hannah E. Ball
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Dongjun Ren
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | | | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | | | - Daniela M. Menichella
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
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Weesner JA, Annunziata I, van de Vlekkert D, d'Azzo A. Glycosphingolipids within membrane contact sites influence their function as signaling hubs in neurodegenerative diseases. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1587-1600. [PMID: 37014126 PMCID: PMC10476575 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular organelles carry out many of their functions by engaging in extensive interorganellar communication through specialized membrane contact sites (MCSs) formed where two organelles tether to each other or to the plasma membrane (PM) without fusing. In recent years, these ubiquitous membrane structures have emerged as central signaling hubs that control a multitude of cellular pathways, ranging from lipid metabolism/transport to the exchange of metabolites and ions (i.e., Ca2+ ), and general organellar biogenesis. The functional crosstalk between juxtaposed membranes at MCSs relies on a defined composite of proteins and lipids that populate these microdomains in a dynamic fashion. This is particularly important in the nervous system, where alterations in the composition of MCSs have been shown to affect their functions and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the MCSs that are formed by the tethering of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the mitochondria, the ER to the endo-lysosomes and the mitochondria to the lysosomes. We highlight how glycosphingolipids that are aberrantly processed/degraded and accumulate ectopically in intracellular membranes and the PM change the topology of MCSs, disrupting signaling pathways that lead to neuronal demise and neurodegeneration. In particular, we focus on neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases linked to altered glycosphingolipid catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ida Annunziata
- Department of GeneticsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
- Compliance OfficeSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | | | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of GeneticsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Graduate Health SciencesUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
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Peng W, Schröder LF, Song P, Wong YC, Krainc D. Parkin regulates amino acid homeostasis at mitochondria-lysosome (M/L) contact sites in Parkinson's disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh3347. [PMID: 37467322 PMCID: PMC10355824 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin are the most common cause of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Although parkin modulates mitochondrial and endolysosomal homeostasis during cellular stress, whether parkin regulates mitochondrial and lysosomal cross-talk under physiologic conditions remains unresolved. Using transcriptomics, metabolomics and super-resolution microscopy, we identify amino acid metabolism as a disrupted pathway in iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons from patients with parkin PD. Compared to isogenic controls, parkin mutant neurons exhibit decreased mitochondria-lysosome contacts via destabilization of active Rab7. Subcellular metabolomics in parkin mutant neurons reveals amino acid accumulation in lysosomes and their deficiency in mitochondria. Knockdown of the Rab7 GTPase-activating protein TBC1D15 restores mitochondria-lysosome tethering and ameliorates cellular and subcellular amino acid profiles in parkin mutant neurons. Our data thus uncover a function of parkin in promoting mitochondrial and lysosomal amino acid homeostasis through stabilization of mitochondria-lysosome contacts and suggest that modulation of interorganelle contacts may serve as a potential target for ameliorating amino acid dyshomeostasis in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonie F. Schröder
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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Benslimane N, Miressi F, Loret C, Richard L, Nizou A, Pyromali I, Faye PA, Favreau F, Lejeune F, Lia AS. Amlexanox: Readthrough Induction and Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay Inhibition in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth Model of hiPSCs-Derived Neuronal Cells Harboring a Nonsense Mutation in GDAP1 Gene. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1034. [PMID: 37513945 PMCID: PMC10385573 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations are involved in multiple peripheral neuropathies. These mutations induce the presence of a premature termination codon (PTC) at the mRNA level. As a result, a dysfunctional or truncated protein is synthesized, or even absent linked to nonsense-mediated mRNA degradation (NMD) system activation. Readthrough molecules or NMD inhibitors could be innovative therapies in these hereditary neuropathies, particularly molecules harboring the dual activity as amlexanox. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is the most common inherited pathology of the peripheral nervous system, affecting 1 in 2500 people worldwide. Nonsense mutations in the GDAP1 gene have been associated with a severe form of CMT, prompting us to investigate the effect of readthrough and NMD inhibitor molecules. Although not clearly defined, GDAP1 could be involved in mitochondrial functions, such as mitophagy. We focused on the homozygous c.581C>G (p.Ser194*) mutation inducing CMT2H using patient human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuronal cells. Treatment during 20 h with 100 µM of amlexanox on this cell model stabilized GDAP1 mRNAs carrying UGA-PTC and induced a restoration of the mitochondrial morphology. These results highlight the potential of readthrough molecules associated to NMD inhibitors for the treatment of genetic alterations in CMT, opening the way for future investigations and a potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Benslimane
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Federica Miressi
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Camille Loret
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Laurence Richard
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- CHU Limoges, Service de Neurologie, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Angélique Nizou
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Ioanna Pyromali
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Pierre-Antoine Faye
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, Service de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Frédéric Favreau
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, Service de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Lejeune
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- NeurIT UR 20218, GEIST Institute, Faculté de Médecine de Limoges, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, Service de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, UF de Bioinformatique, F-87000 Limoges, France
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11
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Hao T, Yu J, Wu Z, Jiang J, Gong L, Wang B, Guo H, Zhao H, Lu B, Engelender S, He H, Song Z. Hypoxia-reprogramed megamitochondrion contacts and engulfs lysosome to mediate mitochondrial self-digestion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4105. [PMID: 37433770 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles for sensing oxygen, which is consumed by oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that degrade misfolded proteins and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mitochondria physically and functionally interact with lysosomes to regulate cellular metabolism. However, the mode and biological functions of mitochondria-lysosome communication remain largely unknown. Here, we show that hypoxia remodels normal tubular mitochondria into megamitochondria by inducing broad inter-mitochondria contacts and subsequent fusion. Importantly, under hypoxia, mitochondria-lysosome contacts are promoted, and certain lysosomes are engulfed by megamitochondria, in a process we term megamitochondria engulfing lysosome (MMEL). Both megamitochondria and mature lysosomes are required for MMEL. Moreover, the STX17-SNAP29-VAMP7 complex contributes to mitochondria-lysosome contacts and MMEL under hypoxia. Intriguingly, MMEL mediates a mode of mitochondrial degradation, which we termed mitochondrial self-digestion (MSD). Moreover, MSD increases mitochondrial ROS production. Our results reveal a mode of crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes and uncover an additional pathway for mitochondrial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jianglong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhida Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Longlong Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Bingjun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Hanze Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Huabin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Simone Engelender
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - He He
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhiyin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
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12
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Cantarero L, García-Vargas G, Hoenicka J, Palau F. Differential effects of Mendelian GDAP1 clinical variants on mitochondria-lysosome membrane contacts sites. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio059707. [PMID: 36912213 PMCID: PMC10110396 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
GDAP1 pathogenic variants cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, the most common hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. CMT-GDAP1 can be axonal or demyelinating, with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance, leading to phenotypic heterogeneity. Recessive GDAP1 variants cause a severe phenotype, whereas dominant variants are associated with a milder disease course. GDAP1 is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein involved in mitochondrial membrane contact sites (MCSs) with the plasmatic membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and lysosomes. In GDAP1-deficient models, the pathophysiology includes morphological defects in mitochondrial network and ER, impaired Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial MCSs defects. Nevertheless, the underlying pathophysiology of dominant variants is less understood. Here, we study the effect upon mitochondria-lysosome MCSs of two GDAP1 clinical variants located in the α-loop interaction domain of the protein. p.Thr157Pro dominant variant causes the increase in these MCSs that correlates with a hyper-fissioned mitochondrial network. In contrast, p.Arg161His recessive variant, which is predicted to significantly change the contact surface of GDAP1, causes decreased contacts with more elongated mitochondria. Given that mitochondria-lysosome MCSs regulate Ca2+ transfer from the lysosome to mitochondria, our results support that GDAP1 clinical variants have different consequences for Ca2+ handling and that could be primary insults determining differences in severity between dominant and recessive forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cantarero
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela García-Vargas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janet Hoenicka
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Palau
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Genetic Medicine – IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- ERN-ITHACA
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13
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Overduin M, Kervin TA, Klarenbach Z, Adra TRC, Bhat RK. Comprehensive classification of proteins based on structures that engage lipids by COMPOSEL. Biophys Chem 2023; 295:106971. [PMID: 36801589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Structures can now be predicted for any protein using programs like AlphaFold and Rosetta, which rely on a foundation of experimentally determined structures of architecturally diverse proteins. The accuracy of such artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) approaches benefits from the specification of restraints which assist in navigating the universe of folds to converge on models most representative of a given protein's physiological structure. This is especially pertinent for membrane proteins, with structures and functions that depend on their presence in lipid bilayers. Structures of proteins in their membrane environments could conceivably be predicted from AI/ML approaches with user-specificized parameters that describe each element of the architecture of a membrane protein accompanied by its lipid environment. We propose the Classification Of Membrane Proteins based On Structures Engaging Lipids (COMPOSEL), which builds on existing nomenclature types for monotopic, bitopic, polytopic and peripheral membrane proteins as well as lipids. Functional and regulatory elements are also defined in the scripts, as shown with membrane fusing synaptotagmins, multidomain PDZD8 and Protrudin proteins that recognize phosphoinositide (PI) lipids, the intrinsically disordered MARCKS protein, caveolins, the β barrel assembly machine (BAM), an adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR) and two lipid modifying enzymes - diacylglycerol kinase DGKε and fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase FALDH. This demonstrates how COMPOSEL communicates lipid interactivity as well as signaling mechanisms and binding of metabolites, drug molecules, polypeptides or nucleic acids to describe the operations of any protein. Moreover COMPOSEL can be scaled to express how genomes encode membrane structures and how our organs are infiltrated by pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Overduin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Troy A Kervin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Trixie Rae C Adra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rakesh K Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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14
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Cai W, Li P, Gu M, Xu H. Lysosomal Ion Channels and Lysosome-Organelle Interactions. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 278:93-108. [PMID: 36882602 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular organelles exchange their luminal contents with each other via both vesicular and non-vesicular mechanisms. By forming membrane contact sites (MCSs) with ER and mitochondria, lysosomes mediate bidirectional transport of metabolites and ions between lysosomes and organelles that regulate lysosomal physiology, movement, membrane remodeling, and membrane repair. In this chapter, we will first summarize the current knowledge of lysosomal ion channels and then discuss the molecular and physiological mechanisms that regulate lysosome-organelle MCS formation and dynamics. We will also discuss the roles of lysosome-ER and lysosome-mitochondria MCSs in signal transduction, lipid transport, Ca 2+ transfer, membrane trafficking, and membrane repair, as well as their roles in lysosome-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Cai
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingxue Gu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dun Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Haoxing Xu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dun Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Horvath R, Medina J, Reilly MM, Shy ME, Zuchner S. Peripheral neuropathy in mitochondrial disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 194:99-116. [PMID: 36813324 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821751-1.00014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the health and viability of both motor and sensory neurons and their axons. Processes that disrupt their normal distribution and transport along axons will likely cause peripheral neuropathies. Similarly, mutations in mtDNA or nuclear encoded genes result in neuropathies that either stand alone or are part of multisystem disorders. This chapter focuses on the more common genetic forms and characteristic clinical phenotypes of "mitochondrial" peripheral neuropathies. We also explain how these various mitochondrial abnormalities cause peripheral neuropathy. In a patient with a neuropathy either due to a mutation in a nuclear or an mtDNA gene, clinical investigations aim to characterize the neuropathy and make an accurate diagnosis. In some patients, this may be relatively straightforward, where a clinical assessment and nerve conduction studies followed by genetic testing is all that is needed. In others, multiple investigations including a muscle biopsy, CNS imaging, CSF analysis, and a wide range of metabolic and genetic tests in blood and muscle may be needed to establish diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Jessica Medina
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Mary M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E Shy
- Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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16
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Collier JJ, Oláhová M, McWilliams TG, Taylor RW. Mitochondrial signalling and homeostasis: from cell biology to neurological disease. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:137-152. [PMID: 36635110 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to understand how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to neurodegeneration have primarily focussed on the role of mitochondria in neuronal energy metabolism. However, progress in understanding the etiological nature of emerging mitochondrial functions has yielded new ideas about the mitochondrial basis of neurological disease. Studies aimed at deciphering how mitochondria signal through interorganellar contacts, vesicular trafficking, and metabolic transmission have revealed that mitochondrial regulation of immunometabolism, cell death, organelle dynamics, and neuroimmune interplay are critical determinants of neural health. Moreover, the homeostatic mechanisms that exist to protect mitochondrial health through turnover via nanoscale proteostasis and lysosomal degradation have become integrated within mitochondrial signalling pathways to support metabolic plasticity and stress responses in the nervous system. This review highlights how these distinct mitochondrial pathways converge to influence neurological health and contribute to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack J Collier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas G McWilliams
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders of Adults and Children, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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17
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Nanayakkara R, Gurung R, Rodgers SJ, Eramo MJ, Ramm G, Mitchell CA, McGrath MJ. Autophagic lysosome reformation in health and disease. Autophagy 2022:1-18. [DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2128019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Randini Nanayakkara
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajendra Gurung
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samuel J. Rodgers
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Eramo
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georg Ramm
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meagan J. McGrath
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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18
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Mitochondrial membrane proteins and VPS35 orchestrate selective removal of mtDNA. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6704. [PMID: 36344526 PMCID: PMC9640553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms governing selective turnover of mutation-bearing mtDNA is fundamental to design therapeutic strategies against mtDNA diseases. Here, we show that specific mtDNA damage leads to an exacerbated mtDNA turnover, independent of canonical macroautophagy, but relying on lysosomal function and ATG5. Using proximity labeling and Twinkle as a nucleoid marker, we demonstrate that mtDNA damage induces membrane remodeling and endosomal recruitment in close proximity to mitochondrial nucleoid sub-compartments. Targeting of mitochondrial nucleoids is controlled by the ATAD3-SAMM50 axis, which is disrupted upon mtDNA damage. SAMM50 acts as a gatekeeper, influencing BAK clustering, controlling nucleoid release and facilitating transfer to endosomes. Here, VPS35 mediates maturation of early endosomes to late autophagy vesicles where degradation occurs. In addition, using a mouse model where mtDNA alterations cause impairment of muscle regeneration, we show that stimulation of lysosomal activity by rapamycin, selectively removes mtDNA deletions without affecting mtDNA copy number, ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, our data demonstrates that upon mtDNA damage, mitochondrial nucleoids are eliminated outside the mitochondrial network through an endosomal-mitophagy pathway. With these results, we unveil the molecular players of a complex mechanism with multiple potential benefits to understand mtDNA related diseases, inherited, acquired or due to normal ageing.
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19
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Hannan SB, Sanchez-Martinez A, Brea-Calvo G, Gomez-Duran A, Navarro JA. Editorial: Molecular and cellular pathways leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration: Lessons from in vivo models. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1006100. [PMID: 36161164 PMCID: PMC9491224 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1006100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shabab B. Hannan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute of Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Shabab B. Hannan
| | | | - Gloria Brea-Calvo
- Andalusian Centre of Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER (ISCIII), Seville, Spain
| | - Aurora Gomez-Duran
- MitoPhenomics Lab, Biological Research Center Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Kim S, Coukos R, Gao F, Krainc D. Dysregulation of organelle membrane contact sites in neurological diseases. Neuron 2022; 110:2386-2408. [PMID: 35561676 PMCID: PMC9357093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The defining evolutionary feature of eukaryotic cells is the emergence of membrane-bound organelles. Compartmentalization allows each organelle to maintain a spatially, physically, and chemically distinct environment, which greatly bolsters individual organelle function. However, the activities of each organelle must be balanced and are interdependent for cellular homeostasis. Therefore, properly regulated interactions between organelles, either physically or functionally, remain critical for overall cellular health and behavior. In particular, neuronal homeostasis depends heavily on the proper regulation of organelle function and cross talk, and deficits in these functions are frequently associated with diseases. In this review, we examine the emerging role of organelle contacts in neurological diseases and discuss how the disruption of contacts contributes to disease pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation and regulation of organelle contacts will broaden our knowledge of their role in health and disease, laying the groundwork for the development of new therapies targeting interorganelle cross talk and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Robert Coukos
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Fanding Gao
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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21
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Fujita Y, Iketani M, Ito M, Ohsawa I. Temporal changes in mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species generation during the development of replicative senescence in human fibroblasts. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Vrijsen S, Vrancx C, Del Vecchio M, Swinnen JV, Agostinis P, Winderickx J, Vangheluwe P, Annaert W. Inter-organellar Communication in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease: Looking Beyond Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contact Sites. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:900338. [PMID: 35801175 PMCID: PMC9253489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.900338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are generally considered proteinopathies but whereas this may initiate disease in familial cases, onset in sporadic diseases may originate from a gradually disrupted organellar homeostasis. Herein, endolysosomal abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and altered lipid metabolism are commonly observed in early preclinical stages of major NDs, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the multitude of underlying defective molecular mechanisms that have been suggested in the past decades, dysregulation of inter-organellar communication through the so-called membrane contact sites (MCSs) is becoming increasingly apparent. Although MCSs exist between almost every other type of subcellular organelle, to date, most focus has been put on defective communication between the ER and mitochondria in NDs, given these compartments are critical in neuronal survival. Contributions of other MCSs, notably those with endolysosomes and lipid droplets are emerging, supported as well by genetic studies, identifying genes functionally involved in lysosomal homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the molecular identity of the organelle interactome in yeast and mammalian cells, and critically evaluate the evidence supporting the contribution of disturbed MCSs to the general disrupted inter-organellar homeostasis in NDs, taking PD and AD as major examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vrijsen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Céline Vrancx
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mara Del Vecchio
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johannes V. Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Johannes V. Swinnen
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Laboratory of Cell Death Research and Therapy, VIB-Center for Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Patrizia Agostinis
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Joris Winderickx
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Peter Vangheluwe
| | - Wim Annaert
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Wim Annaert
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23
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Sutinen A, Nguyen GTT, Raasakka A, Muruganandam G, Loris R, Ylikallio E, Tyynismaa H, Bartesaghi L, Ruskamo S, Kursula P. Structural insights into Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-linked mutations in human GDAP1. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1306-1324. [PMID: 35509130 PMCID: PMC9249340 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited peripheral polyneuropathy in humans, and its different subtypes are linked to mutations in dozens of different genes. Mutations in ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 (GDAP1) cause two types of CMT, demyelinating CMT4A and axonal CMT2K. The GDAP1-linked CMT genotypes are mainly missense point mutations. Despite clinical profiling and in vivo studies on the mutations, the etiology of GDAP1-linked CMT is poorly understood. Here, we describe the biochemical and structural properties of the Finnish founding CMT2K mutation H123R as well as CMT2K-linked R120W, both of which are autosomal dominant mutations. The disease variant proteins retain close to normal structure and solution behaviour, but both present a significant decrease in thermal stability. Using GDAP1 variant crystal structures, we identify a side chain interaction network between helices ⍺3, ⍺6, and ⍺7, which is affected by CMT mutations, as well as a hinge in the long helix ⍺6, which is linked to structural flexibility. Structural analysis of GDAP1 indicates that CMT may arise from disruption of specific intra- and intermolecular interaction networks, leading to alterations in GDAP1 structure and stability, and eventually, insufficient motor and sensory neuron function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Sutinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Giang Thi Tuyet Nguyen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Arne Raasakka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Gopinath Muruganandam
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Remy Loris
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Emil Ylikallio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Clinical Neurosciences, Helsinki University Hospital, Neurology, Finland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Salla Ruskamo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Kursula
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
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Li Z, Liu Z, Luo M, Li X, Chen H, Gong S, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Liu H, Li X. The pathological role of damaged organelles in renal tubular epithelial cells in the progression of acute kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:239. [PMID: 35501332 PMCID: PMC9061711 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AKI has not been fully elucidated, with a lack of effective treatment. Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) play an important role in AKI, and their damage and repair largely determine the progression and prognosis of AKI. In recent decades, it has been found that the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, and other organelles in TECs are damaged to varying degrees in AKI, and that they can influence each other through various signaling mechanisms that affect the recovery of TECs. However, the association between these multifaceted signaling platforms, particularly between mitochondria and lysosomes during AKI remains unclear. This review summarizes the specific pathophysiological mechanisms of the main TECs organelles in the context of AKI, particularly the potential interactions among them, in order to provide insights into possible novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Zejian Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Mianna Luo
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Huixia Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Siqiao Gong
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yaozhi Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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25
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Mitochondria-lysosome contact site dynamics and misregulation in neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:312-322. [PMID: 35249745 PMCID: PMC8930467 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurons rely heavily on properly regulated mitochondrial and lysosomal homeostasis, with multiple neurodegenerative diseases linked to dysfunction in these two organelles. Interestingly, mitochondria-lysosome membrane contact sites have been identified as a key pathway mediating their crosstalk in neurons. Recent studies have further elucidated the regulation of mitochondria-lysosome contact dynamics via distinct tethering/untethering protein machinery. Moreover, this pathway has been shown to have additional functions in regulating organelle network dynamics and metabolite transfer between lysosomes and mitochondria. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the field of mitochondria-lysosome contact sites and their misregulation across multiple neurodegenerative disorders, which further underscore a potential role for this pathway in neuronal homeostasis and disease.
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26
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Pijuan J, Cantarero L, Natera-de Benito D, Altimir A, Altisent-Huguet A, Díaz-Osorio Y, Carrera-García L, Expósito-Escudero J, Ortez C, Nascimento A, Hoenicka J, Palau F. Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitochondria-Lysosome Contacts in Neurogenetic Diseases. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:784880. [PMID: 35177962 PMCID: PMC8844575 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.784880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial network is constantly in a dynamic and regulated balance of fusion and fission processes, which is known as mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondria make physical contacts with almost every other membrane in the cell thus impacting cellular functions. Mutations in mitochondrial dynamics genes are known to cause neurogenetic diseases. To better understand the consequences on the cellular phenotype and pathophysiology of neurogenetic diseases associated with defective mitochondrial dynamics, we have compared the fibroblasts phenotypes of (i) patients carrying pathogenic variants in genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics such as DRP1 (also known as DNM1L), GDAP1, OPA1, and MFN2, and (ii) patients carrying mutated genes that their dysfunction affects mitochondria or induces a mitochondrial phenotype, but that are not directly involved in mitochondrial dynamic network, such as FXN (encoding frataxin, located in the mitochondrial matrix), MED13 (hyperfission phenotype), and CHKB (enlarged mitochondria phenotype). We identified mitochondrial network alterations in all patients’ fibroblasts except for CHKBQ198*/Q198*. Functionally, all fibroblasts showed mitochondrial oxidative stress, without membrane potential abnormalities. The lysosomal area and distribution were abnormal in GDAP1W67L/W67L, DRP1K75E/+, OPA1F570L/+, and FXNR165C/GAA fibroblasts. These lysosomal alterations correlated with mitochondria-lysosome membrane contact sites (MCSs) defects in GDAP1W67L/W67L exclusively. The study of mitochondrial contacts in all samples further revealed a significant decrease in MFN2R104W/+ fibroblasts. GDAP1 and MFN2 are outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins and both are related to Charcot-Marie Tooth neuropathy. Here we identified their constitutive interaction as well as MFN2 interaction with LAMP-1. Therefore MFN2 is a new mitochondria-lysosome MCSs protein. Interestingly, GDAP1W67L/W67L and MFN2R104W/+ fibroblasts carry pathogenic changes that occur in their catalytic domains thus suggesting a functional role of GDAP1 and MFN2 in mitochondria–lysosome MCSs. Finally, we observed starvation-induced autophagy alterations in DRP1K75E/+, GDAP1W67L/W67L, OPA1F570L/+, MFN2R104W/+, and CHKBQ198*/Q198* fibroblasts. These genes are related to mitochondrial membrane structure or lipid composition, which would associate the OMM with starvation-induced autophagy. In conclusion, the study of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondria-lysosome axis in a group of patients with different neurogenetic diseases has deciphered common and unique cellular phenotypes of degrading and non-degrading pathways that shed light on pathophysiological events, new biomarkers and pharmacological targets for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Pijuan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Cantarero
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Natera-de Benito
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arola Altimir
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Altisent-Huguet
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaiza Díaz-Osorio
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Carrera-García
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Ortez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janet Hoenicka
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Janet Hoenicka,
| | - Francesc Palau
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine – IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Genetic Medicine – IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinic Institute of Medicine and Dermatology (ICMiD), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francesc Palau,
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Gentile L, Russo M, Taioli F, Ferrarini M, Aguennouz M, Rodolico C, Toscano A, Fabrizi GM, Mazzeo A. Rare among Rare: Phenotypes of Uncommon CMT Genotypes. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11121616. [PMID: 34942918 PMCID: PMC8699517 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is the most frequent form of inherited chronic motor and sensory polyneuropathy. Over 100 CMT causative genes have been identified. Previous reports found PMP22, GJB1, MPZ, and MFN2 as the most frequently involved genes. Other genes, such as BSCL2, MORC2, HINT1, LITAF, GARS, and autosomal dominant GDAP1 are responsible for only a minority of CMT cases. (2) Methods: we present here our records of CMT patients harboring a mutation in one of these rare genes (BSCL2, MORC2, HINT1, LITAF, GARS, autosomal dominant GDAP1). We studied 17 patients from 8 unrelated families. All subjects underwent neurologic evaluation and genetic testing by next-generation sequencing on an Ion Torrent PGM (Thermo Fischer) with a 44-gene custom panel. (3) Results: the following variants were found: BSCL2 c.263A > G p.Asn88Ser (eight subjects), MORC2 c.1503A > T p.Gln501His (one subject), HINT1 c.110G > C p.Arg37Pro (one subject), LITAF c.404C > G p.Pro135Arg (two subjects), GARS c.1660G > A p.Asp554Asn (three subjects), GDAP1 c.374G > A p.Arg125Gln (two subjects). (4) Expanding the spectrum of CMT phenotypes is of high relevance, especially for less common variants that have a higher risk of remaining undiagnosed. The necessity of reaching a genetic definition for most patients is great, potentially making them eligible for future experimentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gentile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Massimo Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Taioli
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.T.); (M.F.); (G.M.F.)
| | - Moreno Ferrarini
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.T.); (M.F.); (G.M.F.)
| | - M’Hammed Aguennouz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Gian Maria Fabrizi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.T.); (M.F.); (G.M.F.)
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona—Borgo Roma, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Mazzeo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.R.); (M.A.); (C.R.); (A.T.); (A.M.)
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Miressi F, Benslimane N, Favreau F, Rassat M, Richard L, Bourthoumieu S, Laroche C, Magy L, Magdelaine C, Sturtz F, Lia AS, Faye PA. GDAP1 Involvement in Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress, Investigated in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth Model of hiPSCs-Derived Motor Neurons. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080945. [PMID: 34440148 PMCID: PMC8393985 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein 1 (GDAP1) gene have been associated with demyelinating and axonal forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, the most frequent hereditary peripheral neuropathy in humans. Previous studies reported the prevalent GDAP1 expression in neural tissues and cells, from animal models. Here, we described the first GDAP1 functional study on human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived motor neurons, obtained from normal subjects and from a CMT2H patient, carrying the GDAP1 homozygous c.581C>G (p.Ser194*) mutation. At mRNA level, we observed that, in normal subjects, GDAP1 is mainly expressed in motor neurons, while it is drastically reduced in the patient’s cells containing a premature termination codon (PTC), probably degraded by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) system. Morphological and functional investigations revealed in the CMT patient’s motor neurons a decrease of cell viability associated to lipid dysfunction and oxidative stress development. Mitochondrion is a key organelle in oxidative stress generation, but it is also mainly involved in energetic metabolism. Thus, in the CMT patient’s motor neurons, mitochondrial cristae defects were observed, even if no deficit in ATP production emerged. This cellular model of hiPSCs-derived motor neurons underlines the role of mitochondrion and oxidative stress in CMT disease and paves the way for new treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Miressi
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nesrine Benslimane
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
| | - Frédéric Favreau
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Marion Rassat
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
| | - Laurence Richard
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Neurologie, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Sylvie Bourthoumieu
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Cytogénétique, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Cécile Laroche
- CHU Limoges, Service de Pédiatrie, F-87000 Limoges, France;
- CHU Limoges, Centre de Compétence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Magy
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Neurologie, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Corinne Magdelaine
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Franck Sturtz
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
- CHU Limoges, Service de Bioinformatique, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Pierre-Antoine Faye
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques, EA6309, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France; (N.B.); (F.F.); (M.R.); (L.R.); (S.B.); (L.M.); (C.M.); (F.S.); (A.-S.L.); (P.-A.F.)
- CHU Limoges, Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, F-87000 Limoges, France
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Nuevo-Tapioles C, Santacatterina F, Sánchez-Garrido B, Arenas CN, Robledo-Bérgamo A, Martínez-Valero P, Cantarero L, Pardo B, Hoenicka J, Murphy MP, Satrústegui J, Palau F, Cuezva JM. Effective therapeutic strategies in a pre-clinical mouse model of Charcot-Marie-tooth disease. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2441-2455. [PMID: 34274972 PMCID: PMC8643506 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) disease is a neuropathy that lacks effective therapy. CMT patients show degeneration of peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and loss of proprioception. Loss of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins and enzymes of the antioxidant response accompany degeneration of nerves in skin biopsies of CMT patients. Herein, we followed a drug-repurposing approach to find drugs in a Food and Drug Administration-approved library that could prevent development of CMT disease in the Gdap1-null mouse model. We found that the antibiotic florfenicol is a mitochondrial uncoupler that prevents the production of reactive oxygen species and activates respiration in human GDAP1-knockdown neuroblastoma cells and in dorsal root ganglion neurons of Gdap1-null mice. Treatment of CMT-affected Gdap1-null mice with florfenicol has no beneficial effect in the course of the disease. However, administration of florfenicol, or the antioxidant MitoQ, to pre-symptomatic GDAP1-null mice prevented weight gain and ameliorated the motor coordination deficiencies that developed in the Gdap1-null mice. Interestingly, both florfenicol and MitoQ halted the decay in mitochondrial and redox proteins in sciatic nerves of Gdap1-null mice, supporting that oxidative damage is implicated in the etiology of the neuropathy. These findings support the development of clinical trials for translation of these drugs for treatment of CMT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; 28041, Madrid
| | - Fulvio Santacatterina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; 28041, Madrid
| | - Brenda Sánchez-Garrido
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; 28041, Madrid
| | - Cristina Núñez Arenas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; 28041, Madrid
| | | | - Paula Martínez-Valero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Cantarero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Laboratorio de Neurogenética y Medicina Molecular- IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona
| | - Beatriz Pardo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Janet Hoenicka
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Laboratorio de Neurogenética y Medicina Molecular- IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, University of Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Palau
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Laboratorio de Neurogenética y Medicina Molecular- IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona.,Departament of Genetic and Molecular Medicine - IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu.,Clinic Institute of Medicine and Dermatology (ICMiD), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona.,Division of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; 28041, Madrid
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Paß T, Wiesner RJ, Pla-Martín D. Selective Neuron Vulnerability in Common and Rare Diseases-Mitochondria in the Focus. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:676187. [PMID: 34295920 PMCID: PMC8290884 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.676187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central feature of neurodegeneration within the central and peripheral nervous system, highlighting a strong dependence on proper mitochondrial function of neurons with especially high energy consumptions. The fitness of mitochondria critically depends on preservation of distinct processes, including the maintenance of their own genome, mitochondrial dynamics, quality control, and Ca2+ handling. These processes appear to be differently affected in common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, as well as in rare neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and peripheral neuropathies. Strikingly, particular neuron populations of different morphology and function perish in these diseases, suggesting that cell-type specific factors contribute to the vulnerability to distinct mitochondrial defects. Here we review the disruption of mitochondrial processes in common as well as in rare neurological disorders and its impact on selective neurodegeneration. Understanding discrepancies and commonalities regarding mitochondrial dysfunction as well as individual neuronal demands will help to design new targets and to make use of already established treatments in order to improve treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Paß
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Wiesner
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Pla-Martín
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Mitochondria and calcium defects correlate with axonal dysfunction in GDAP1-related Charcot-Marie-Tooth mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105300. [PMID: 33582224 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein 1 (GDAP1) gene encodes a protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane and of the mitochondrial membrane contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum (MAMs) and lysosomes. Since mutations in GDAP1 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth, an inherited motor and sensory neuropathy, its function is essential for peripheral nerve physiology. Our previous studies showed structural and functional defects in mitochondria and their contacts when GDAP1 is depleted. Nevertheless, the underlying axonal pathophysiological events remain unclear. Here, we have used embryonic motor neurons (eMNs) cultures from Gdap1 knockout (Gdap1-/-) mice to investigate in vivo mitochondria and calcium homeostasis in the axons. We imaged mitochondrial axonal transport and we found a defective pattern in the Gdap1-/- eMNs. We also detected pathological and functional mitochondria membrane abnormalities with a drop in ATP production and a deteriorated bioenergetic status. Another consequence of the loss of GDAP1 in the soma and axons of eMNs was the in vivo increase calcium levels in both basal conditions and during recovery after neuronal stimulation with glutamate. Further, we found that glutamate-stimulation of respiration was lower in Gdap1-/- eMNs showing that the basal bioenergetics failure jeopardizes a full respiratory response and prevents a rapid return of calcium to basal levels. Together, our results demonstrate that the loss of GDAP1 critically compromises the morphology and function of mitochondria and its relationship with calcium homeostasis in the soma and axons, offering important insight into the cellular mechanisms associated with axonal degeneration of GDAP1-related CMT neuropathies and the relevance that axon length may have.
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Schiavon CR, Shadel GS, Manor U. Impaired Mitochondrial Mobility in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:624823. [PMID: 33598463 PMCID: PMC7882694 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a progressive, peripheral neuropathy and the most commonly inherited neurological disorder. Clinical manifestations of CMT mutations are typically limited to peripheral neurons, the longest cells in the body. Currently, mutations in at least 80 different genes are associated with CMT and new mutations are regularly being discovered. A large portion of the proteins mutated in axonal CMT have documented roles in mitochondrial mobility, suggesting that organelle trafficking defects may be a common underlying disease mechanism. This review will focus on the potential role of altered mitochondrial mobility in the pathogenesis of axonal CMT, highlighting the conceptional challenges and potential experimental and therapeutic opportunities presented by this "impaired mobility" model of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara R. Schiavon
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gerald S. Shadel
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
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