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Ferrucci M, Lenzi P, Lazzeri G, Busceti CL, Frati A, Puglisi-Allegra S, Fornai F. Combined light and electron microscopy (CLEM) to quantify methamphetamine-induced alpha-synuclein-related pathology. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:335-358. [PMID: 38367081 PMCID: PMC11016004 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) produces a cytopathology, which is rather specific within catecholamine neurons both in vitro and ex vivo, in animal models and chronic METH abusers. This led some authors to postulate a sort of parallelism between METH cytopathology and cell damage in Parkinson's disease (PD). In fact, METH increases and aggregates alpha-syn proto-fibrils along with producing spreading of alpha-syn. Although alpha-syn is considered to be the major component of aggregates and inclusions developing within diseased catecholamine neurons including classic Lewy body (LB), at present, no study provided a quantitative assessment of this protein in situ, neither following METH nor in LB occurring in PD. Similarly, no study addressed the quantitative comparison between occurrence of alpha-syn and other key proteins and no investigation measured the protein compared with non-protein structure within catecholamine cytopathology. Therefore, the present study addresses these issues using an oversimplified model consisting of a catecholamine cell line where the novel approach of combined light and electron microscopy (CLEM) was used measuring the amount of alpha-syn, which is lower compared with p62 or poly-ubiquitin within pathological cell domains. The scenario provided by electron microscopy reveals unexpected findings, which are similar to those recently described in the pathology of PD featuring packing of autophagosome-like vesicles and key proteins shuttling autophagy substrates. Remarkably, small seed-like areas, densely packed with p62 molecules attached to poly-ubiquitin within wide vesicular domains occurred. The present data shed new light about quantitative morphometry of catecholamine cell damage in PD and within the addicted brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carla L Busceti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
- Neurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.
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Lenzi P, Lazzeri G, Ferrucci M, Scotto M, Frati A, Puglisi-Allegra S, Busceti CL, Fornai F. Is There a Place for Lewy Bodies before and beyond Alpha-Synuclein Accumulation? Provocative Issues in Need of Solid Explanations. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3929. [PMID: 38612739 PMCID: PMC11011529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) assumed a prominent role as a major component and seeding structure of Lewy bodies (LBs). This concept is driving ongoing research on the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). In line with this, alpha-syn is considered to be the guilty protein in the disease process, and it may be targeted through precision medicine to modify disease progression. Therefore, designing specific tools to block the aggregation and spreading of alpha-syn represents a major effort in the development of disease-modifying therapies in PD. The present article analyzes concrete evidence about the significance of alpha-syn within LBs. In this effort, some dogmas are challenged. This concerns the question of whether alpha-syn is more abundant compared with other proteins within LBs. Again, the occurrence of alpha-syn compared with non-protein constituents is scrutinized. Finally, the prominent role of alpha-syn in seeding LBs as the guilty structure causing PD is questioned. These revisited concepts may be helpful in the process of validating which proteins, organelles, and pathways are likely to be involved in the damage to meso-striatal dopamine neurons and other brain regions involved in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lenzi
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (G.L.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (G.L.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Michela Ferrucci
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (G.L.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Scotto
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (G.L.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandro Frati
- IRCCS—Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy or (A.F.); (S.P.-A.); (C.L.B.)
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
- IRCCS—Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy or (A.F.); (S.P.-A.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Carla Letizia Busceti
- IRCCS—Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy or (A.F.); (S.P.-A.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (G.L.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
- IRCCS—Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, 86077 Pozzili, Italy or (A.F.); (S.P.-A.); (C.L.B.)
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3
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Ren YL, Jiang Z, Wang JY, He Q, Li SX, Gu XJ, Qi YR, Zhang M, Yang WJ, Cao B, Li JY, Wang Y, Chen YP. Loss of CHCHD2 Stability Coordinates with C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 Complex Impairment to Mediate PD-Linked Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y. [PMID: 38453793 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Novel CHCHD2 mutations causing C-terminal truncation and interrupted CHCHD2 protein stability in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were previously found. However, there is limited understanding of the underlying mechanism and impact of subsequent CHCHD2 loss-of-function on PD pathogenesis. The current study further identified the crucial motif (aa125-133) responsible for diminished CHCHD2 expression and the molecular interplay within the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex to regulate mitochondrial functions. Specifically, CHCHD2 deficiency led to decreased neural cell viability and mitochondrial structural and functional impairments, paralleling the upregulation of autophagy under cellular stresses. Meanwhile, as a binding partner of CHCHD2, C1QBP was found to regulate the stability of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 proteins to maintain the integrity of the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex. Moreover, C1QBP-silenced neural cells displayed severe cell death phenotype along with mitochondrial damage that initiated a significant mitophagy process. Taken together, the evidence obtained from our in vitro and in vivo studies emphasized the critical role of CHCHD2 in regulating mitochondria functions via coordination among CHCHD2, CHCHD10, and C1QBP, suggesting the potential mechanism by which CHCHD2 function loss takes part in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37. Guoxue AlleySichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Ran Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Wang LH, Wei S, Yuan Y, Zhong MJ, Wang J, Yan ZX, Zhou K, Luo T, Liang L, Bian XW. KPT330 promotes the sensitivity of glioblastoma to olaparib by retaining SQSTM1 in the nucleus and disrupting lysosomal function. Autophagy 2024; 20:295-310. [PMID: 37712615 PMCID: PMC10813631 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS AO: acridine orange; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; CHEK1: checkpoint kinase 1; CHEK2: checkpoint kinase 2; CI: combination index; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; DSBs: double-strand breaks; GBM: glioblastoma; HR: homologous recombination; H2AX: H2A.X variant histone; IHC: immunohistochemistry; LAPTM4B: lysosomal protein transmembrane 4 beta; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; PARP: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; RAD51: RAD51 recombinase; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SSBs: single-strand breaks; RNF168: ring finger protein 168; XPO1: exportin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Sen Wei
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ming-Jun Zhong
- Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu610000, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Yan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing400038, China
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5
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Kim J, Kwon EJ, Kim YJ, Kim D, Shin YZ, Gil D, Kim JH, Shin HD, Kim LH, Lee MO, Go YH, Cha HJ. Epigenetic repression of CHCHD2 enhances survival from single cell dissociation through attenuated Rho A kinase activity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:38. [PMID: 38214772 PMCID: PMC10787008 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
During in vitro culture, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) often acquire survival advantages characterized by decreased susceptibility to mitochondrial cell death, known as "culture adaptation." This adaptation is associated with genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, including TP53 mutations, copy number variations, trisomy, and methylation changes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this acquired survival advantage is crucial for safe hPSC-based cell therapies. Through transcriptome and methylome analysis, we discovered that the epigenetic repression of CHCHD2, a mitochondrial protein, is a common occurrence during in vitro culture using enzymatic dissociation. We confirmed this finding through genetic perturbation and reconstitution experiments in normal human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Loss of CHCHD2 expression conferred resistance to single cell dissociation-induced cell death, a common stress encountered during in vitro culture. Importantly, we found that the downregulation of CHCHD2 significantly attenuates the activity of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), which is responsible for inducing single cell death in hESCs. This suggests that hESCs may survive routine enzyme-based cell dissociation by downregulating CHCHD2 and thereby attenuating ROCK activity. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms by which hPSCs acquire survival advantages and adapt to in vitro culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ze Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Gil
- Korea National Stem Cell Bank, Osong, Republic of Korea
- Division of Intractable Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex 202, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Korea National Stem Cell Bank, Osong, Republic of Korea
- Division of Intractable Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex 202, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Research Institute for Life Science, GW Vitek, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ok Lee
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Go
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Yamanaka T, Matsui H. Modeling familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease in small fishes. Dev Growth Differ 2024; 66:4-20. [PMID: 37991125 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of animal models for Parkinson's disease (PD) has been challenging. Nevertheless, once established, they will serve as valuable tools for elucidating the causes and pathogenesis of PD, as well as for developing new strategies for its treatment. Following the recent discovery of a series of PD causative genes in familial cases, teleost fishes, including zebrafish and medaka, have often been used to establish genetic PD models because of their ease of breeding and gene manipulation, as well as the high conservation of gene orthologs. Some of the fish lines can recapitulate PD phenotypes, which are often more pronounced than those in rodent genetic models. In addition, a new experimental teleost fish, turquoise killifish, can be used as a sporadic PD model, because it spontaneously manifests age-dependent PD phenotypes. Several PD fish models have already made significant contributions to the discovery of novel PD pathological features, such as cytosolic leakage of mitochondrial DNA and pathogenic phosphorylation in α-synuclein. Therefore, utilizing various PD fish models with distinct degenerative phenotypes will be an effective strategy for identifying emerging facets of PD pathogenesis and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsui
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Henrich MT, Oertel WH, Surmeier DJ, Geibl FF. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease - a key disease hallmark with therapeutic potential. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:83. [PMID: 37951933 PMCID: PMC10640762 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly implicated in the etiology of idiopathic and genetic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, strategies aimed at ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction, including antioxidants, antidiabetic drugs, and iron chelators, have failed in disease-modification clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the cellular determinants of mitochondrial dysfunction, including impairment of electron transport chain complex 1, increased oxidative stress, disturbed mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, and cellular bioenergetic deficiency. In addition, we outline mitochondrial pathways to neurodegeneration in the current context of PD pathogenesis, and review past and current treatment strategies in an attempt to better understand why translational efforts thus far have been unsuccessful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin T Henrich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg, 35039, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Oertel
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Fanni F Geibl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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8
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Torii S, Arakawa S, Sato S, Ishikawa K, Taniguchi D, Sakurai HT, Honda S, Hiraoka Y, Ono M, Akamatsu W, Hattori N, Shimizu S. Involvement of casein kinase 1 epsilon/delta (Csnk1e/d) in the pathogenesis of familial Parkinson's disease caused by CHCHD2. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17451. [PMID: 37578019 PMCID: PMC10493588 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Mutations in coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) gene cause a familial form of PD with α-Synuclein aggregation, and we here identified the pathogenesis of the T61I mutation, the most common disease-causing mutation of CHCHD2. In Neuro2a cells, CHCHD2 is in mitochondria, whereas the T61I mutant (CHCHD2T61I ) is mislocalized in the cytosol. CHCHD2T61l then recruits casein kinase 1 epsilon/delta (Csnk1e/d), which phosphorylates neurofilament and α-Synuclein, forming cytosolic aggresomes. In vivo, both Chchd2T61I knock-in and transgenic mice display neurodegenerative phenotypes and aggresomes containing Chchd2T61I , Csnk1e/d, phospho-α-Synuclein, and phospho-neurofilament in their dopaminergic neurons. Similar aggresomes were observed in a postmortem PD patient brain and dopaminergic neurons generated from patient-derived iPS cells. Importantly, a Csnk1e/d inhibitor substantially suppressed the phosphorylation of neurofilament and α-Synuclein. The Csnk1e/d inhibitor also suppressed the cellular damage in CHCHD2T61I -expressing Neuro2a cells and dopaminergic neurons generated from patient-derived iPS cells and improved the neurodegenerative phenotypes of Chchd2T61I mutant mice. These results indicate that Csnk1e/d is involved in the pathogenesis of PD caused by the CHCHD2T61I mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Torii
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
| | - Satoko Arakawa
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
| | - Shigeto Sato
- Department of Neurology, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kei‐ichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurology, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Hajime Tajima Sakurai
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
| | - Shinya Honda
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
| | - Yuuichi Hiraoka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
- Laboratory of Genome Editing for Biomedical Research, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
| | - Masaya Ono
- Department of Clinical ProteomicsNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Wado Akamatsu
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)TokyoJapan
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9
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Fan L, Zhang S, Li X, Hu Z, Yang J, Zhang S, Zheng H, Su Y, Luo H, Liu X, Fan Y, Sun H, Zhang Z, Miao J, Song B, Xia Z, Shi C, Mao C, Xu Y. CHCHD2 p.Thr61Ile knock-in mice exhibit motor defects and neuropathological features of Parkinson's disease. Brain Pathol 2023; 33:e13124. [PMID: 36322611 PMCID: PMC10154378 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The p.Thr61Ile (p.T61I) mutation in coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) was deemed a causative factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the pathomechanism of the CHCHD2 p.T61I mutation in PD remains unclear. Few existing mouse models of CHCHD2-related PD completely reproduce the features of PD, and no transgenic or knock-in (KI) mouse models of CHCHD2 mutations have been reported. In the present study, we generated a novel CHCHD2 p.T61I KI mouse model, which exhibited accelerated mortality, progressive motor deficits, and dopaminergic (DA) neurons loss with age, accompanied by the accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein in the brains of the mutant mice. The mitochondria of mouse brains and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived DA neurons carrying the CHCHD2 p.T61I mutation exhibited aberrant morphology and impaired function. Mechanistically, proteomic and RNA sequencing analysis revealed that p.T61I mutation induced mitochondrial dysfunction in aged mice likely through repressed insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) expression, resulting in the degeneration of the nervous system. Overall, this CHCHD2 p.T61I KI mouse model recapitulated the crucial clinical and neuropathological aspects of patients with PD and provided a novel tool for understanding the pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic interventions of CHCHD2-related PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Fan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhengwei Hu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Neuro‐Intensive Care UnitThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yun Su
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Haiyang Luo
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinjing Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huifang Sun
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhongxian Zhang
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Bo Song
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zongping Xia
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Clinical Systems Biology LaboratoriesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Changhe Shi
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chengyuan Mao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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10
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Petel Légaré V, Rampal CJ, Gurberg TJN, Aaltonen MJ, Janer A, Zinman L, Shoubridge EA, Armstrong GAB. Loss of mitochondrial Chchd10 or Chchd2 in zebrafish leads to an ALS-like phenotype and Complex I deficiency independent of the mitochondrial integrated stress response. Dev Neurobiol 2023; 83:54-69. [PMID: 36799027 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in CHCHD10 and CHCHD2, encoding two paralogous mitochondrial proteins, have been identified in cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and Parkinson's disease. Their role in disease is unclear, though both have been linked to mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial stress responses. Here, we investigated the biological roles of these proteins during vertebrate development using knockout (KO) models in zebrafish. We demonstrate that loss of either or both proteins leads to motor impairment, reduced survival and compromised neuromuscular junction integrity in larval zebrafish. Compensation by Chchd10 was observed in the chchd2-/- model, but not by Chchd2 in the chchd10-/- model. The assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I was impaired in chchd10-/- and chchd2-/- zebrafish larvae, but unexpectedly not in a double chchd10-/- and chchd2-/- model, suggesting that reduced mitochondrial Complex I cannot be solely responsible for the observed phenotypes, which are generally more severe in the double KO. We observed transcriptional activation markers of the mitochondrial integrated stress response (mt-ISR) in the double chchd10-/- and chchd2-/- KO model, suggesting that this pathway is involved in the restoration of Complex I assembly in our double KO model. The data presented here demonstrates that the Complex I assembly defect in our single KO models arises independently of the mt-ISR. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that both proteins are required for normal vertebrate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Petel Légaré
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian J Rampal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tyler J N Gurberg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mari J Aaltonen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Janer
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lorne Zinman
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric A Shoubridge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gary A B Armstrong
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Zhang C, Chen S, Li X, Xu Q, Lin Y, Lin F, Yuan M, Zi Y, Cai J. Progress in Parkinson's disease animal models of genetic defects: Characteristics and application. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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12
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Ikeda A, Imai Y, Hattori N. Neurodegeneration-associated mitochondrial proteins, CHCHD2 and CHCHD10–what distinguishes the two? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:996061. [PMID: 36158221 PMCID: PMC9500460 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.996061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) and Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 10 (CHCHD10) are mitochondrial proteins that are thought to be genes which duplicated during evolution and are the causative genes for Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal lobe dementia, respectively. CHCHD2 forms a heterodimer with CHCHD10 and a homodimer with itself, both of which work together within the mitochondria. Various pathogenic and disease-risk variants have been identified; however, how these mutations cause neurodegeneration in specific diseases remains a mystery. This review focuses on important new findings published since 2019 and discusses avenues to solve this mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research for Parkinson’s Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yuzuru Imai, ; Nobutaka Hattori,
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research for Parkinson’s Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yuzuru Imai, ; Nobutaka Hattori,
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13
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Kee TR, Wehinger JL, Gonzalez PE, Nguyen E, McGill Percy KC, Khan SA, Chaput D, Wang X, Liu T, Kang DE, Woo JAA. Pathological characterization of a novel mouse model expressing the PD-linked CHCHD2-T61I mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3987-4005. [PMID: 35786718 PMCID: PMC9703812 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) is a mitochondrial protein that plays important roles in cristae structure, oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis. Multiple mutations in CHCHD2 have been associated with Lewy body disorders (LBDs), such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies, with the CHCHD2-T61I mutation being the most widely studied. However, at present, only CHCHD2 knockout or CHCHD2/CHCHD10 double knockout mouse models have been investigated. They do not recapitulate the pathology seen in patients with CHCHD2 mutations. We generated the first transgenic mouse model expressing the human PD-linked CHCHD2-T61I mutation driven by the mPrP promoter. We show that CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice exhibit perinuclear mitochondrial aggregates, neuroinflammation, and have impaired long-term synaptic plasticity associated with synaptic dysfunction. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration, a hallmark of PD, is also observed along with α-synuclein pathology. Significant motor dysfunction is seen with no changes in learning and memory at 1 year of age. A minor proportion of the CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice (~10%) show a severe motor phenotype consistent with human Pisa Syndrome, an atypical PD phenotype. Unbiased proteomics analysis reveals surprising increases in many insoluble proteins predominantly originating from mitochondria and perturbing multiple canonical biological pathways as assessed by ingenuity pathway analysis, including neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins such as tau, cofilin, SOD1 and DJ-1. Overall, CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice exhibit pathological and motor changes associated with LBDs, indicating that this model successfully captures phenotypes seen in human LBD patients with CHCHD2 mutations and demonstrates changes in neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins, which delineates relevant pathological pathways for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Kee
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Jessica L Wehinger
- Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | | | - Eric Nguyen
- Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | | | - Sophia A Khan
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Dale Chaput
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Xinming Wang
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David E Kang
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jung-A A Woo
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1 2163680052; Fax: +1 2163680494;
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14
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Noda S, Sato S, Fukuda T, Ueno S, Tada N, Hattori N. Impaired mitochondrial accumulation and Lewy pathology in neuron-specific FBXO7-deficient mice. Mol Brain 2022; 15:54. [PMID: 35701754 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. FBXO7 (F-box protein only 7) (PARK15) mutations cause early-onset Parkinson’s disease. FBXO7 is a subunit of the SCF (SKP1/cullin-1/F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, but its neuronal relevance and function have not been elucidated. To determine its function in neurons, we generated neuronal cell-specific FBXO7 conditional knockout mice (FBXO7flox/flox: Nestin-Cre) by crossing previously characterized FBXO7 floxed mice (FBXO7flox/flox) with Nestin-Cre mice (Nestin-Cre). The resultant Fbxo7flox/flox: Nestin-Cre mice showed juvenile motor dysfunction, including hindlimb defects and decreased numbers of dopaminergic neurons. Fragmented mitochondria were observed in dopaminergic and cortical neurons. Furthermore, p62- and synuclein-positive Lewy body-like aggregates were identified in neurons. Our findings highlight the unexpected role of the homeostatic level of p62, which is regulated by a non-autophagic system that includes the ubiquitin–proteasome system, in controlling intracellular inclusion body formation. These data indicate that the pathologic processes associated with the proteolytic and mitochondrial degradation systems play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD.
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15
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Li K, Ning P, Liu B, Yang H, Zhu Y, Yin W, Zhou C, Ren H, Yang X. Downregulation of CHCHD2 may Contribute to Parkinson's Disease by Reducing Expression of NFE2L2 and RQCD1. Curr Neurovasc Res 2022; 19:19-29. [PMID: 35388756 DOI: 10.2174/1567202619666220406082221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) downregulation, which has been linked to reduced cyclocytase activity and increased levels of oxygen free radicals, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis. Little is known about how CHCHD2 normally functions in the cell and, therefore, how its downregulation may contribute to PD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify such target genes using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing from SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells treated with neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) as a PD model. METHODS In this study, we established a MPP+ -reated SH-SY5Y cell model and evaluated the effects of CHCHD2 overexpression on cell proliferation and apoptosis. At the same time, we used high-throughput chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify its downstream target gene in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, we verified the possible downstream target genes and discussed their mechanisms. RESULTS The expression level of α-synuclein increased in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, while the protein expression level of CHCHD2 decreased significantly, especially after 24 h of treatment. Chip-IP results showed that CHCHD2 may regulate potential target genes such as HDX, ACP1, RAVER2, C1orf229, RN7SL130, GNPTG, erythroid 2 Like 2 (NFE2L2), required for cell differentiation 1 homologue (RQCD1), solute carrier family 5 member 7 (SLA5A7), and N-Acetyltransferase 8 Like (NAT8L). NFE2L2 and RQCD1 were validated as targets using PCR and western blotting of immunoprecipitates, and these two genes together with SLA5A7 and NAT8L were upregulated in SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing CHCHD2. Downregulation of CHCHD2 may contribute to PD by leading to inadequate expression of NFE2L2 and RQCD1 as well as, potentially, SLA5A7 and NAT8L. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CHCHD2 plays a protective role by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and promoting proliferation in neurons. In this study, the changes of CHCHD2 and downstream target genes such as NFE2L2/RQCD1 may have potential application prospects in the future. These findings provide leads to explore PD pathogenesis and potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelu Li
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Pingping Ning
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.,Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Hongju Yang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.,Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Yongyun Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - WeiFang Yin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Chuanbin Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.,Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.,Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
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16
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Ruan Y, Hu J, Che Y, Liu Y, Luo Z, Cheng J, Han Q, He H, Zhou Q. CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 regulate mitochondrial dynamics and integrated stress response. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:156. [PMID: 35173147 PMCID: PMC8850591 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is becoming one of the main pathology factors involved in the etiology of neurological disorders. Recently, mutations of the coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) and 10 (CHCHD10) which encode two homologous proteins that belong to the mitochondrial CHCH domain protein family, are linked to Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/frontotemporal dementia (FTD), respectively. However, the physiological and pathological roles of these twin proteins have not been well elaborated. Here, we show that, in physiological conditions, CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 interact with OMA1 and suppress its enzyme activity, which not only restrains the initiation of the mitochondrial integrated response stress (mtISR), but also suppresses the processing of OPA1 for mitochondrial fusion. Further, during mitochondria stress-induced by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) treatment, CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 translocate to the cytosol and interacte with eIF2a, which attenuates mtISR overactivation by suppressing eIF2a phosphorylation and its downstream response. As such, knockdown of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 triggers mitochondrial ISR, and such cellular response is enhanced by CCCP treatment. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the first "mtISR suppressor" localized in mitochondria for regulating stress responses in mammalian cells, which has a profound pathological impact on the CHCH2/CHCH10-linked neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ruan
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiaqiao Hu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yaping Che
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhenhuan Luo
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - He He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523560, China.
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
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17
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Kee TR, Espinoza Gonzalez P, Wehinger JL, Bukhari MZ, Ermekbaeva A, Sista A, Kotsiviras P, Liu T, Kang DE, Woo JAA. Mitochondrial CHCHD2: Disease-Associated Mutations, Physiological Functions, and Current Animal Models. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:660843. [PMID: 33967741 PMCID: PMC8100248 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.660843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare mutations in the mitochondrial protein coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other Lewy body disorders. CHCHD2 is a bi-organellar mediator of oxidative phosphorylation, playing crucial roles in regulating electron flow in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and acting as a nuclear transcription factor for a cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COX4I2) and itself in response to hypoxic stress. CHCHD2 also regulates cell migration and differentiation, mitochondrial cristae structure, and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the known disease-associated mutations of CHCHD2 in Asian and Caucasian populations, the physiological functions of CHCHD2, how CHCHD2 mutations contribute to α-synuclein pathology, and current animal models of CHCHD2. Further, we discuss the necessity of continued investigation into the divergent functions of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 to determine how mutations in these similar mitochondrial proteins contribute to different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Kee
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Jessica L Wehinger
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mohammed Zaheen Bukhari
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Aizara Ermekbaeva
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Apoorva Sista
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Peter Kotsiviras
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tian Liu
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - David E Kang
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States.,James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jung-A A Woo
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
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