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Hatırnaz Ş, Hatırnaz ES, Ellibeş Kaya A, Hatırnaz K, Soyer Çalışkan C, Sezer Ö, Dokuzeylül Güngor N, Demirel C, Baltacı V, Tan S, Dahan M. Oocyte maturation abnormalities - A systematic review of the evidence and mechanisms in a rare but difficult to manage fertility pheneomina. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 19:60-80. [PMID: 35343221 PMCID: PMC8966321 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2022.76329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A small proportion of infertile women experience repeated oocyte maturation abnormalities (OMAS). OMAS include degenerated and dysmorphic oocytes, empty follicle syndrome, oocyte maturation arrest (OMA), resistant ovary syndrome and maturation defects due to primary ovarian insufficiency. Genetic factors play an important role in OMAS but still need specifications. This review documents the spectrum of OMAS and to evaluate the multiple subtypes classified as OMAS. In this review, readers will be able to understand the oocyte maturation mechanism, gene expression and their regulation that lead to different subtypes of OMAs, and it will discuss the animal and human studies related to OMAS and lastly the treatment options for OMAs. Literature searches using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence were performed to identify articles written in English focusing on Oocyte Maturation Abnormalities by looking for the following relevant keywords. A search was made with the specified keywords and included books and documents, clinical trials, animal studies, human studies, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, reviews, systematic reviews and options written in english. The search detected 3,953 sources published from 1961 to 2021. After title and abstract screening for study type, duplicates and relevancy, 2,914 studies were excluded. The remaining 1,039 records were assessed for eligibility by full-text reading and 886 records were then excluded. Two hundred and twenty seven full-text articles and 0 book chapters from the database were selected for inclusion. Overall, 227 articles, one unpublished and one abstract paper were included in this final review. In this review study, OMAS were classified and extensively evaluatedand possible treatment options under the light of current information, present literature and ongoing studies. Either genetic studies or in vitro maturation studies that will be handled in the future will lead more informations to be reached and may make it possible to obtain pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şafak Hatırnaz
- Medicana Samsun International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization-In Vitro Maturation Unit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ebru Saynur Hatırnaz
- Medicana Samsun International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization-In Vitro Maturation Unit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aşkı Ellibeş Kaya
- Private Office, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kaan Hatırnaz
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Canan Soyer Çalışkan
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özlem Sezer
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Genetics, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Cem Demirel
- Memorial Ataşehir Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Seang Tan
- James Edmund Dodds Chair in ObGyn, Department of ObGyn, McGill University, OriginElle Fertility Clinic and Women, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Dahan
- McGill Reproductive Centre, Department of ObGyn, McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Kaneuchi T, Sartain CV, Takeo S, Horner VL, Buehner NA, Aigaki T, Wolfner MF. Calcium waves occur as Drosophila oocytes activate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:791-6. [PMID: 25564670 PMCID: PMC4311822 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1420589112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg activation is the process by which a mature oocyte becomes capable of supporting embryo development. In vertebrates and echinoderms, activation is induced by fertilization. Molecules introduced into the egg by the sperm trigger progressive release of intracellular calcium stores in the oocyte. Calcium wave(s) spread through the oocyte and induce completion of meiosis, new macromolecular synthesis, and modification of the vitelline envelope to prevent polyspermy. However, arthropod eggs activate without fertilization: in the insects examined, eggs activate as they move through the female's reproductive tract. Here, we show that a calcium wave is, nevertheless, characteristic of egg activation in Drosophila. This calcium rise requires influx of calcium from the external environment and is induced as the egg is ovulated. Pressure on the oocyte (or swelling by the oocyte) can induce a calcium rise through the action of mechanosensitive ion channels. Visualization of calcium fluxes in activating eggs in oviducts shows a wave of increased calcium initiating at one or both oocyte poles and spreading across the oocyte. In vitro, waves also spread inward from oocyte pole(s). Wave propagation requires the IP3 system. Thus, although a fertilizing sperm is not necessary for egg activation in Drosophila, the characteristic of increased cytosolic calcium levels spreading through the egg is conserved. Because many downstream signaling effectors are conserved in Drosophila, this system offers the unique perspective of egg activation events due solely to maternal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Kaneuchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Caroline V Sartain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; and
| | - Satomi Takeo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences and Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Vanessa L Horner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; and
| | - Norene A Buehner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; and
| | - Toshiro Aigaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan;
| | - Mariana F Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; and
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Rodriguez S, Campo-Engelstein L, Tingen C, Woodruff T. An obscure rider obstructing science: the conflation of parthenotes with embryos in the Dickey-Wicker amendment. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2011; 11:20-28. [PMID: 21400380 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2010.546472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In 1996 Congress passed the Dickey-Wicker Amendment (DWA) as part of an appropriations bill; it has been renewed every year since. The DWA bans federal funding for research using embryos and parthenotes. In this paper, we call for a public discussion on parthenote research and a questioning of its inclusion in the DWA. We begin by explaining what parthenotes are and why they are useful for research on reproduction, cancer, and stem cells. We then argue that the scientific difference between embryos and parthenotes translates into ethical differences, and claim that research on parthenotes is much less ethically problematic. Finally, we contextualize the original passage of the DWA to provide an explanation for why the two were possibly conflated in this law. We conclude by calling for a public discussion on reconsidering the DWA in its entirety, starting with the removal of parthenogenesis from this prohibition of National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rodriguez
- Oncofertility Consortium, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Nikitin VA. The tasks and puzzles of cloning. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350910030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Nasr-Esfahani MH, Deemeh MR, Tavalaee M. Artificial oocyte activation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril 2009; 94:520-6. [PMID: 19393997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review different methods for artificial oocyte activation and its impact on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN Literature review. SETTING University-based and university-affiliated medical centers. PATIENT(S) None. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) None. RESULT(S) The ICSI procedure improves fertilization rates in cases of male factor infertility; however, fertilization failure still occurs in 2% to 3% of ICSI cycles. The main cause of failed fertilization is failure to complete oocyte activation. The investigators do not use a variety of mechanical, electrical, and chemical methods to mimic the calcium rise necessary to activate oocytes after ICSI. Chemical activation is the most commonly used method for artificial oocyte activation, resulting in high fertilization rates. CONCLUSION(S) Artificial oocyte activation (AOA) may be useful in selected patients who have low fertilization potential. Further studies are required to establish the biosafety of AOA, and clinical tests are needed to evaluate the activation potential of semen samples for proper patient selection.
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Nikitin VA, Fesenko EE. The biophysical aspects of reconstructing a single cell by the methods of cell engineering. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350906040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Ben-Aharon I, Ben-Yosef D, Amit A, Shalgi R. Expression and immunolocalization of the calpain-calpastatin system in the human oocyte. Fertil Steril 2005; 83:1807-13. [PMID: 15950654 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2004] [Revised: 12/09/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of the calpain-calpastatin system in the human oocyte. DESIGN The expression of the calpain-calpastatin system was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Twenty Israeli women who underwent IVF for fertility problems. INTERVENTION(S) Oocytes that had no pronuclei 24 hours after insemination by either conventional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection were retrieved for the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Analysis of calpain isoforms (m, mu) and calpastatin distribution within the human oocyte. RESULT(S) Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of calpain and calpastatin. Immunohistochemistry of fixed, permeabilized oocytes exhibited localization of both calpains to the cortical region of the oocyte, as well as the cytosol. Calpastatin seemed to be distributed throughout the cytosol, with a marked accumulation in the cell membrane. We have demonstrated a negative correlation between the occurrence of cortical granule exocytosis and the stability of the metaphase plate. CONCLUSION(S) A complete calpain-calpastatin system is expressed in the human oocyte and might play a role in the various calcium-mediated processes occurring during activation of human oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Ben-Aharon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
Embryonic development is initiated after the fertilizing spermatozoon enters the egg and triggers a process known as 'egg activation'. Activation results in an increase in intracellular calcium concentration, cortical granule exocytosis (CGE), cell cycle resumption and recruitment of maternal mRNA. Various treatments can induce parthenogenetic activation characterized by the same manifestations. Signal transduction pathways similar to those known for somatic cells mediate the mammalian egg activation. This review focuses on the signal transduction pathways that occur during mammalian fertilization and during parthenogenetic egg activation. We discuss the possibility that members of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTKs) families, the Src family PTKs in particular, operate during egg activation and that protein kinase C can induce CGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Talmor-Cohen
- Department of Embryology and Teratology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster mature oocytes in ovaries are arrested at metaphase I of meiosis. Eggs that have reached the uterus have released this arrest. It was not known where in the female reproductive tract egg activation occurs and what triggers it. We investigated when and where the egg is activated in Drosophila in vivo and at what meiotic stage the egg is fertilized. We found that changes in the egg's envelope's permeability, one feature of activation, initiate during ovulation, even while most of the egg is still within the ovary. The egg becomes impermeable as it proceeds down the oviducts; the process is complete by the time the egg is in the uterus. Cross-linking of vitelline membrane protein sV23 also increases progressively as the egg moves through the oviducts and the uterus. Activation also triggers meiosis to resume before the egg reaches the uterus, such that the earliest eggs that reach the uterus are in anaphase I. We discuss models for Drosophila egg activation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Heifetz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2703, USA
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Abstract
During fertilization, the spermatozoon penetrates through the cumulus cells and the zona pellucida that surrounds the oocyte, before it binds and fuses with the oocyte plasma membrane to induce activation. In vitro fertilization (IVF) studies performed in non-human mammals have contributed extensive knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which the spermatozoon activates the meiotic-arrested oocyte to resume meiosis, cleave and develop into an embryo. Although IVF has been used extensively for treating subfertile couples, not all of them were able to benefit from this procedure. In intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), one viable spermatozoon only is sufficient for successful fertilization of a single oocyte. Moreover, the injected fertilizing spermatozoon bypasses several physiological barriers, compared with IVF, which together could explain the high success rate for this procedure. ICSI has also allowed the identification of sperm components that are required for successful fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ben-Yosef
- Racine IVF Unit, LIS Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel
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Yan X, Curley K, Lawrence DS. The specificity of the protein kinase C alpha, betaII and gamma isoforms as assessed by an unnatural alcohol-appended peptide library. Biochem J 2000; 349 Pt 3:709-15. [PMID: 10903131 PMCID: PMC1221197 DOI: 10.1042/bj3490709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies using conventional peptide-based libraries have demonstrated that homologous protein-processing enzymes [e.g. the alpha, betaII and gamma isoforms of protein kinase (PKC)] typically display identical amino acid consensus sequences. These observations have hampered the acquisition of selective synthetic substrates for the individual members of these enzyme families. We describe here a parallel synthesis strategy, readily adaptable to the preparation of large libraries, that has led to the emergence of the first examples of selective substrates for the conventional PKC isoforms. In addition, we have found that a wide variety of structurally diverse N-appended alcohol-containing residues, including tyrosine, serve as substrates for the PKC alpha, betaII and gamma isoforms. This broad active-site substrate specificity with respect to both natural and unnatural residues may prove to be especially applicable to the construction of transition-state analogues and suicide substrates, species that often require the presence of structurally elaborate functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
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Stricker SA. Comparative biology of calcium signaling during fertilization and egg activation in animals. Dev Biol 1999; 211:157-76. [PMID: 10395780 DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1999.9340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During animal fertilizations, each oocyte or egg must produce a proper intracellular calcium signal for development to proceed normally. As a supplement to recent synopses of fertilization-induced calcium responses in mammals, this paper reviews the spatiotemporal properties of calcium signaling during fertilization and egg activation in marine invertebrates and compares these patterns with what has been reported for other animals. Based on the current database, fertilization causes most oocytes or eggs to generate multiple wavelike calcium oscillations that arise at least in part from the release of internal calcium stores sensitive to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Such calcium waves are modulated by upstream pathways involving oolemmal receptors and/or soluble sperm factors and in turn regulate calcium-sensitive targets required for subsequent development. Both "protostome" animals (e.g., mollusks, annelids, and arthropods) and "deuterostomes" (e.g., echinoderms and chordates) display fertilization-induced calcium waves, IP3-mediated calcium signaling, and the ability to use a combination of external calcium influx and internal calcium release. Such findings fail to support the dichotomy in calcium signaling modes that had previously been proposed for protostomes vs deuterostomes and instead suggest that various features of fertilization-induced calcium signals are widely shared throughout the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Stricker
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA.
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