1
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Horton BM, Ryder TB, Moore IT, Balakrishnan CN. Gene expression in the social behavior network of the wire-tailed manakin (Pipra filicauda) brain. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 19:e12560. [PMID: 30756473 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate basal forebrain and midbrain contain a set of interconnected nuclei that control social behavior. Conserved anatomical structures and functions of these nuclei have now been documented among fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, and these brain regions have come to be known as the vertebrate social behavior network (SBN). While it is known that nuclei (nodes) of the SBN are rich in steroid and neuropeptide activity linked to behavior, simultaneous variation in the expression of neuroendocrine genes among several SBN nuclei has not yet been described in detail. In this study, we use RNA-seq to profile gene expression across seven brain regions representing five nodes of the vertebrate SBN in a passerine bird, the wire-tailed manakin Pipra filicauda. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we reconstructed sets of coregulated genes, showing striking patterns of variation in neuroendocrine gene expression across the SBN. We describe regional variation in gene networks comprising a broad set of hormone receptors, neuropeptides, steroidogenic enzymes, catecholamines and other neuroendocrine signaling molecules. Our findings show heterogeneous patterns of brain gene expression across nodes of the avian SBN and provide a foundation for future analyses of how the regulation of gene networks may mediate social behavior. These results highlight the importance of region-specific sampling in studies of the mechanisms of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent M Horton
- Department of Biology, Millersville University, Millersville, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas B Ryder
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia
| | - Ignacio T Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
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2
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Ogino Y, Tohyama S, Kohno S, Toyota K, Yamada G, Yatsu R, Kobayashi T, Tatarazako N, Sato T, Matsubara H, Lange A, Tyler CR, Katsu Y, Iguchi T, Miyagawa S. Functional distinctions associated with the diversity of sex steroid hormone receptors ESR and AR. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 184:38-46. [PMID: 29885351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroid hormones including estrogens and androgens play fundamental roles in regulating reproductive activities and they act through estrogen and androgen receptors (ESR and AR). These steroid receptors have evolved from a common ancestor in association with several gene duplications. In most vertebrates, this has resulted in two ESR subtypes (ESR1 and ESR2) and one AR, whereas in teleost fish there are at least three ESRs (ESR1, ESR2a and ESR2b) and two ARs (ARα and ARβ) due to a lineage-specific whole genome duplication. Functional distinctions have been suggested among these receptors, but to date their roles have only been characterized in a limited number of species. Sexual differentiation and the development of reproductive organs are indispensable for all animal species and in vertebrates these events depend on the action of sex steroid hormones. Here we review the recent progress in understanding of the functions of the ESRs and ARs in the development and expression of sexually dimorphic characteristics associated with steroid hormone signaling in vertebrates, with representative fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Ogino
- Attached Promotive Centre for International Education and Research of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Saki Tohyama
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Department of Biology, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN 56301, USA
| | - Kenji Toyota
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan; Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Gen Yamada
- Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yatsu
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | | | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Hajime Matsubara
- Department of Aquatic Biology, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Anke Lange
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Yoshinao Katsu
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan.
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3
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Kohno S, Katsu Y, Cipoletti N, Wang LC, Jorgenson ZG, Miyagawa S, Schoenfuss HL. Divergent responsiveness of two isoforms of the estrogen receptor to mixtures of contaminants of emerging concern in four vertebrates. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:705-713. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kohno
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory; St. Cloud State University; St. Cloud MN USA
| | - Yoshinao Katsu
- Department of Biological Sciences; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Nicholas Cipoletti
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory; St. Cloud State University; St. Cloud MN USA
| | - Lina C. Wang
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory; St. Cloud State University; St. Cloud MN USA
| | | | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Institute of Advanced Medicine; Wakayama Medical University; Wakayama Japan
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4
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Tubbs CW, McDonough CE. Reproductive Impacts of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Wildlife Species: Implications for Conservation of Endangered Species. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2017; 6:287-304. [PMID: 29140722 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Wildlife have proven valuable to our understanding of the potential effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health by contributing considerably to our understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of EDC exposure. But the threats EDCs present to populations of wildlife species themselves are significant, particularly for endangered species whose existence is vulnerable to any reproductive perturbation. However, few studies address the threats EDCs pose to endangered species owing to challenges associated with their study. Here, we highlight those barriers and review the available literature concerning EDC effects on endangered species. Drawing from other investigations into nonthreatened wildlife species, we highlight opportunities for new approaches to advance our understanding and potentially mitigate the effects of EDCs on endangered species to enhance their fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Tubbs
- San Diego Zoo Global, Institute for Conservation Research, Escondido, California 92027, USA;
| | - Caitlin E McDonough
- Center for Reproductive Evolution, Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA;
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5
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Cocci P, Capriotti M, Mosconi G, Palermo FA. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on estrogen receptor alpha and heat shock protein 60 gene expression in primary cultures of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) erythrocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:616-624. [PMID: 28719870 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) can be considered a good indicator species for studying the ecological impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on wildlife. However, the effect of these environmental pollutants on nuclear steroid hormone signaling has not yet been addressed in sea turtles mainly due to the legal constraints of their endangered status. Here we describe the use of primary erythrocyte cell cultures as in vitro models for evaluating the effects of different EDCs on the expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα). In addition, we evaluated erythrocyte toxicity caused by EDCs using Alamar Blue assay and heat shock proteins 60 (HSP60) expression. Primary cultures of erythrocytes were exposed to increasing concentrations of 4-nonylphenol (4NP), Diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP), Tri-m-cresyl phosphate (TMCP) and Tributyltin (TBT) for 48h. Alamar Blue demonstrated that exposure of erythrocytes to each contaminant for up to 48h led to a significant impairment of cellular metabolic activity at 100μM, with the exception of TBT. Moreover, our data indicate that loggerhead erythrocytes constitutively express ERα and HSP60 at the transcript level and respond to EDCs by up-regulating their expression. In this regard, ERα was up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner after 48h exposure to both 4NP and TMCP. Interestingly, the dosage-dependent effects of DiDP on ERα expression were opposite in comparison to that obtained following exposure to the other tested compounds. This work provides the first indication regarding the potential of primary erythrocytes as study models for evaluating the effects of EDCs on sea turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Martina Capriotti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gilberto Mosconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Palermo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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6
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Endocrine Disruption and In Vitro Ecotoxicology: Recent Advances and Approaches. IN VITRO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY - CONCEPTS, APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 157:1-58. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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7
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Yatsu R, Katsu Y, Kohno S, Mizutani T, Ogino Y, Ohta Y, Myburgh J, van Wyk JH, Guillette LJ, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T. Characterization of evolutionary trend in squamate estrogen receptor sensitivity. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 238:88-95. [PMID: 27072832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are a key regulator of reproductive biology in vertebrates, and are largely regulated via nuclear receptor families. Estrogen signaling is regulated by two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes alpha and beta in the nucleus. In order to understand the role of estrogen in vertebrates, these ER from various species have been isolated and were functionally analyzed using luciferase reporter gene assays. Interestingly, species difference in estrogen sensitivity has been noted in the past, and it was reported that snake ER displayed highest estrogen sensitivity. Here, we isolated additional ER from three lizards: chameleon (Bradypodion pumilum), skink (Plestiodon finitimus), and gecko (Gekko japonicus). We have performed functional characterization of these ERs using reporter gene assay system, and found high estrogen sensitivity in all three species. Furthermore, comparison with results from other tetrapod ER revealed a seemingly uniform gradual pattern of ligand sensitivity evolution. In silico 3D homology modeling of the ligand-binding domain revealed structural variation at three sites, helix 2, and juncture between helices 8 and 9, and caudal region of helix 10/11. Docking simulations indicated that predicted ligand-receptor interaction also correlated with the reporter assay results, and overall squamates displayed highest stabilized interactions. The assay system and homology modeling system provides tool for in-depth comparative analysis of estrogen function, and provides insight toward the evolution of ER among vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yatsu
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Yoshinao Katsu
- Graduate School of Life Science and Department of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
| | - Takeshi Mizutani
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Ogino
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Ohta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Jan Myburgh
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
| | - Johannes H van Wyk
- Department of Botany & Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.
| | - Louis J Guillette
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
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8
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McCoy KA, Roark AM, Boggs ASP, Bowden JA, Cruze L, Edwards TM, Hamlin HJ, Cantu TM, McCoy JA, McNabb NA, Wenzel AG, Williams CE, Kohno S. Integrative and comparative reproductive biology: From alligators to xenobiotics. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 238:23-31. [PMID: 27013381 PMCID: PMC5497304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dr. Louis J. Guillette Jr. thought of himself as a reproductive biologist. However, his interest in reproductive biology transcended organ systems, life history stages, species, and environmental contexts. His integrative and collaborative nature led to diverse and fascinating research projects conducted all over the world. He doesn't leave us with a single legacy. Instead, he entrusts us with several. The purpose of this review is to highlight those legacies, in both breadth and diversity, and to illustrate Dr. Guillette's grand contributions to the field of reproductive biology. He has challenged the field to reconsider how we think about our data, championed development of novel and innovative techniques to measure endocrine function, helped define the field of endocrine disruption, and lead projects to characterize new endocrine disrupting chemicals. He significantly influenced our understanding of evolution, and took bold and important steps to translate all that he has learned into advances in human reproductive health. We hope that after reading this manuscript our audience will appreciate and continue Dr. Guillette's practice of open-minded and passionate collaboration to understand the basic mechanisms driving reproductive physiology and to ultimately apply those findings to protect and improve wildlife and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista A McCoy
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 278585, USA
| | - Alison M Roark
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Ashley S P Boggs
- Environmental Chemical Sciences, Hollings Marine Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - John A Bowden
- Environmental Chemical Sciences, Hollings Marine Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Lori Cruze
- Department of Biology, Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC 29303, USA
| | - Thea M Edwards
- Department of Biology, University of the South, Sewanee, TN 37383, USA
| | - Heather J Hamlin
- School of Marine Sciences, Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Theresa M Cantu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Jessica A McCoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Nicole A McNabb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Graduate Program in Marine Biology, University of Charleston at College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Abby G Wenzel
- Environmental Chemical Sciences, Hollings Marine Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Cameron E Williams
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Graduate Program in Marine Biology, University of Charleston at College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Science Center, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
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9
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Wu Y, Doering JA, Ma Z, Tang S, Liu H, Zhang X, Wang X, Yu H. Identification of androgen receptor antagonists: In vitro investigation and classification methodology for flavonoid. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 158:72-79. [PMID: 27258897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A tremendous gap exists between the number of potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) possibly in the environment and the limitation of traditional regulatory testing. In this study, the anti-androgenic potencies of 21 flavonoids were analyzed in vitro, and another 32 flavonoids from the literature were selected as additional chemicals. Molecular dynamic simulations were employed to obtain four different separation approaches based on the different behaviors of ligands and receptors during the process of interaction. Specifically, ligand-receptor complex which highlighted the discriminating features of ligand escape or retention via "mousetrap" mechanism, hydrogen bonds formed during simulation times, ligand stability and the stability of the helix-12 of the receptor were investigated. Together, a methodology was generated that 87.5% of flavonoids could be discriminated as active versus inactive antagonists, and over 90% inactive antagonists could be filtered out before QSAR study. This methodology could be used as a "proof of concept" to identify inactive anti-androgenic flavonoids, as well could be beneficial for rapid risk assessment and regulation of multiple new chemicals for androgenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jon A Doering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Song Tang
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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10
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Felton RG, Steiner CC, Durrant BS, Keisler DH, Milnes MR, Tubbs CW. Identification of California Condor Estrogen Receptors 1 and 2 and Their Activation by Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4448-57. [PMID: 26372180 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, California condors (Gymnogyps californianus) have been reintroduced to coastal regions of California where they feed on marine mammal carcasses. There is evidence that coastal-dwelling condors experience reproductive issues, such as eggshell thinning, likely resulting from exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). To address this problem, we have identified and cloned condor estrogen receptors (ESRs) 1 and 2 and characterized their activation by EDCs present in the coastal habitats where condors reside. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites all activated ESR1 and ESR2, although their relative potency differed between the receptors. Bisphenol A, dieldrin, trans-nonachlor, and polychlorinated biphenyl 52 (PCB52) moderately activated both ESRs, whereas PCB138 and PCB153 stimulated little to no activation. Overall, EDC activation of condor ESR2, which is the first ESR2 cloned from a raptor species, was greater than that of ESR1. Significant activation of both condor ESRs by EDCs occurred at high concentrations (≥1μM), which are within the range of plasma levels of certain EDCs (eg, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [p'p-DDE]) in coastal-dwelling condors. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of ESRs of 41 avian species identified a single amino acid position in ESR2 under positive selection. Mutation of this amino acid affected receptor activation by EDCs, suggesting the identity of this amino acid may influence EDC sensitivity of avian species. Together, these findings broaden our understanding of EDC interactions with ESRs in avian species. For condors specifically, these data could be used to evaluate EDC exposure risk at future release sites to identify those least likely to compromise the continued recovery of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G Felton
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
| | - Cynthia C Steiner
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
| | - Barbara S Durrant
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
| | - Duane H Keisler
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
| | - Matthew R Milnes
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
| | - Christopher W Tubbs
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research (R.G.F., C.C.S., B.S.D., C.W.T.), Escondido, California 92027; Division of Animal Sciences (D.H.K.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; and Department of Natural Sciences (M.R.M.), Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, North Carolina 28754
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11
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Tohyama S, Miyagawa S, Lange A, Ogino Y, Mizutani T, Tatarazako N, Katsu Y, Ihara M, Tanaka H, Ishibashi H, Kobayashi T, Tyler CR, Iguchi T. Understanding the molecular basis for differences in responses of fish estrogen receptor subtypes to environmental estrogens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:7439-7447. [PMID: 26032098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can elicit adverse effects on development, sexual differentiation, and reproduction in fish. Teleost species exhibit at least three subtypes of estrogen receptor (ESR), ESR1, ESR2a, and ESR2b; thus, estrogenic signaling pathways are complex. We applied in vitro reporter gene assays for ESRs in five fish species to investigate the ESR subtype-specificity for better understanding the signaling pathway of estrogenic EDCs. Responses to bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol, and o,p'-DDT varied among ESR subtypes, and the response pattern of ESRs was basically common among the different fish species. Using a computational in silico docking model and through assays quantifying transactivation of the LBD (using GAL-LBD fusion proteins and chimera proteins for the ESR2s), we found that the LBD of the different ESR subtypes generally plays a key role in conferring responsiveness of the ESR subtypes to EDCs. These results also indicate that responses of ESR2s to EDCs cannot necessarily be predicted from the LBD sequence alone, and an additional region is required for full transactivation of these receptors. Our data thus provide advancing understanding on receptor functioning for both basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Tohyama
- †Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- ‡Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- ‡Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | | | - Yukiko Ogino
- ‡Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizutani
- ‡Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Norihisa Tatarazako
- ∥Center for Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Katsu
- ⊥Department of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masaru Ihara
- #Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- #Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishibashi
- ∇Department of Life Environmental Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- †Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | | | - Taisen Iguchi
- ‡Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
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Tubbs C, McDonough CE, Felton R, Milnes MR. Advances in conservation endocrinology: the application of molecular approaches to the conservation of endangered species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 203:29-34. [PMID: 24613137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Among the numerous societal benefits of comparative endocrinology is the application of our collective knowledge of hormone signaling towards the conservation of threatened and endangered species - conservation endocrinology. For several decades endocrinologists have used longitudinal hormone profiles to monitor reproductive status in a multitude of species. Knowledge of reproductive status among individuals has been used to assist in the management of captive and free-ranging populations. More recently, researchers have begun utilizing molecular and cell-based techniques to gain a more complete understanding of hormone signaling in wildlife species, and to identify potential causes of disrupted hormone signaling. In this review we examine various in vitro approaches we have used to compare estrogen receptor binding and activation by endogenous hormones and phytoestrogens in two species of rhinoceros; southern white and greater one-horned. We have found many of these techniques valuable and practical in species where access to research subjects and/or tissues is limited due to their conservation status. From cell-free, competitive binding assays to full-length receptor activation assays; each technique has strengths and weaknesses related to cost, sensitivity, complexity of the protocols, and relevance to in vivo signaling. We then present a novel approach, in which receptor activation assays are performed in primary cell lines derived from the species of interest, to minimize the artifacts of traditional heterologous expression systems. Finally, we speculate on the promise of next generation sequencing and transcriptome profiling as tools for characterizing hormone signaling in threatened and endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Tubbs
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA 92027, United States.
| | - Caitlin E McDonough
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA 92027, United States
| | - Rachel Felton
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA 92027, United States
| | - Matthew R Milnes
- Mars Hill University, PO Box 6671, 100 Athletic Street, Mars Hill, NC 28754, United States.
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McRobb F, Sahagún V, Kufareva I, Abagyan R. In silico analysis of the conservation of human toxicity and endocrine disruption targets in aquatic species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1964-72. [PMID: 24392850 PMCID: PMC3951377 DOI: 10.1021/es404568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals, both in the environment and in research settings, commonly interact with aquatic vertebrates. Due to their short life-cycles and the traits that can be generalized to other organisms, fish and amphibians are attractive models for the evaluation of toxicity caused by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and adverse drug reactions. EDCs, such as pharmaceuticals or plasticizers, alter the normal function of the endocrine system and pose a significant hazard to human health and the environment. The selection of suitable animal models for toxicity testing is often reliant on high sequence identity between the human proteins and their animal orthologs. Herein, we compare in silico the ligand-binding sites of 28 human "side-effect" targets to their corresponding orthologs in Danio rerio, Pimephales promelas, Takifugu rubripes, Xenopus laevis, and Xenopus tropicalis, as well as subpockets involved in protein interactions with specific chemicals. We found that the ligand-binding pockets had much higher conservation than the full proteins, while the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 were notable exceptions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the conservation of subpockets may vary dramatically. Finally, we identified the aquatic model(s) with the highest binding site similarity, compared to the corresponding human toxicity target.
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14
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Katsu Y, Kohno S, Narita H, Urushitani H, Yamane K, Hara A, Clauss TM, Walsh MT, Miyagawa S, Guillette LJ, Iguchi T. Cloning and functional characterization of Chondrichthyes, cloudy catshark, Scyliorhinus torazame and whale shark, Rhincodon typus estrogen receptors. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 168:496-504. [PMID: 20600039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sex-steroid hormones are essential for normal reproductive activity in both sexes in all vertebrates. Estrogens are required for ovarian differentiation during a critical developmental stage and promote the growth and differentiation of the female reproductive system following puberty. Recent studies have shown that environmental estrogens influence the developing reproductive system as well as gametogenesis, especially in males. To understand the molecular mechanisms of estrogen actions and to evaluate estrogen receptor-ligand interactions in Elasmobranchii, we cloned a single estrogen receptor (ESR) from two shark species, the cloudy catshark (Scyliorhinus torazame) and whale shark (Rhincodon typus) and used an ERE-luciferase reporter assay system to characterize the interaction of these receptors with steroidal and other environmental estrogens. In the transient transfection ERE-luciferase reporter assay system, both shark ESR proteins displayed estrogen-dependent activation of transcription, and shark ESRs were more sensitive to 17beta-estradiol compared with other natural and synthetic estrogens. Further, the environmental chemicals, bisphenol A, nonylphenol, octylphenol and DDT could activate both shark ESRs. The assay system provides a tool for future studies examining the receptor-ligand interactions and estrogen disrupting mechanisms in Elasmobranchii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Katsu
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
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Guerriero G. Vertebrate sex steroid receptors: evolution, ligands, and neurodistribution. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1163:154-68. [PMID: 19456336 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on our current understanding of vertebrate sex steroid receptors, with an emphasis on their evolutionary relationships. These relationships are discussed based on nucleotide and amino acid sequence data, which provide clues to the process by which structure-function relations have originated, evolved, and been maintained over time. The importance of the distribution of sex steroid receptors in the vertebrate brain is discussed using the example of androgen receptor sites and their relatively conserved localizations in the vertebrate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guerriero
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Milnes MR, Guillette LJ. Alligator Tales: New Lessons about Environmental Contaminants from a Sentinel Species. Bioscience 2008. [DOI: 10.1641/b581106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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