1
|
Jia LJ, González K, Orasch T, Schmidt F, Brakhage AA. Manipulation of host phagocytosis by fungal pathogens and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:2216-2231. [PMID: 39187614 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
An important host defence mechanism against pathogens is intracellular killing, which is achieved through phagocytosis, a cellular process for engulfing and neutralizing extracellular particles. Phagocytosis results in the formation of matured phagolysosomes, which are specialized compartments that provide a hostile environment and are considered the end point of the degradative pathway. However, all fungal pathogens studied to date have developed strategies to manipulate phagosomal function directly and also indirectly by redirecting phagosomes from the degradative pathway to a non-degradative pathway with the expulsion and even transfer of pathogens between cells. Here, using the major human fungal pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Histoplasma capsulatum as examples, we discuss the processes involved in host phagosome-fungal pathogen interactions, with a focus on fungal evasion strategies. We also discuss recent approaches to targeting intraphagosomal pathogens, including the redirection of phagosomes towards degradative pathways for fungal pathogen eradication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Jie Jia
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.
- Junior Research Group Phagosome Biology and Engineering, Leibniz-HKI, Jena, Germany.
| | - Katherine González
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Orasch
- Transfer Group Anti-infectives, Leibniz-HKI, Jena, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI), Jena, Germany.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Giamberardino CD, Schell WA, Tenor JL, Toffaletti DL, Perfect JR. Efficacy of Liposomal Nystatin in a Rabbit Model of Cryptococcal Meningitis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:520. [PMID: 39194846 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) causes significant global morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutic strategies rely on deoxycholated or liposomal forms of the polyene amphotericin B. Nystatin is also a polyene with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Treatment with systemic nystatin has been limited by toxicity, which is a consistent challenge with polyene therapeutics. One mechanism to improve the toxicity is usage of a liposomal form of the active agent. Previous data from a murine candidemia model indicated that liposomal nystatin may be an effective antifungal drug formulation. Since the rabbit model of CM is a highly predictive preclinical system for evaluating antifungal therapeutics, we tested the effectiveness of two doses of daily liposomal nystatin, 3 and 8 mg/kg in the rabbit model of CM. Treatment with liposomal nystatin in this model did not reduce the fungal burden in the cerebrospinal fluid. A subsequent clinical trial also did not find activity in a human population. These data indicate that liposomal nystatin in the current form and at the tested dosages is not an effective therapy for CM. The data provide further evidence for the predictive power of the rabbit model of CM as a vital preclinical system for testing novel antifungal therapeutics for CM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Giamberardino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wiley A Schell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jennifer L Tenor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dena L Toffaletti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - John R Perfect
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sousa F, Nascimento C, Ferreira D, Reis S, Costa P. Reviving the interest in the versatile drug nystatin: A multitude of strategies to increase its potential as an effective and safe antifungal agent. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114969. [PMID: 37348678 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Nystatin is an antifungal molecule with a remarkable yet squandered versatility. In this review, its mechanism of action is explored, along with its extensive action spectrum and toxicity. A multitude of methodologies to tackle the drug's physical and chemical hurdles are outlined along with some proven-effective strategies to increase its activity and/or decrease its toxicity. A separate detailed section focused on micro and nanotechnology solutions addresses new drug delivery systems made of polymeric, metallic or lipid materials. Although the topical route depicts greater representativeness amongst these formulations, the intravenous, dental, oral, vaginal and inhalation routes are also mentioned. The unsuccessful previous attempts at developing parenteral formulations of nystatin or even the withdrawal of a nystatin-loaded multilamellar liposome should not divert research away from this drug. In fact, the interest in nystatin ought to be reawakened with the ongoing clinical trials on the promising nystatin-like genetically engineered derivate BSG005.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Sousa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cecília Nascimento
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Domingos Ferreira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Salette Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rajesh S, Gangadoo S, Nguyen H, Zhai J, Dekiwadia C, Drummond CJ, Chapman J, Truong VK, Tran N. Application of Fluconazole-Loaded pH-Sensitive Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antifungal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32845-32854. [PMID: 35850116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like fungus that can cause the life-threatening disease cryptococcal meningitis. Numerous reports have shown increased resistance of this fungus against antifungal treatments, such as fluconazole (Fluc), contributing to an 80% global mortality rate. This work presents a novel approach to improve the delivery of the antifungal agent Fluc and increase the drug's targetability and availability at the infection site. Exploiting the acidic environment surrounding a C. neoformans infected site, we have developed pH-sensitive lipid nanoparticles (LNP) encapsulating Fluc to inhibit the growth of resistant C. neoformans. The LNP-Fluc delivery system consists of a neutral lipid monoolein (MO) and a novel synthetic ionizable lipid 2-morpholinoethyl oleate (O2ME). At neutral pH, because of the presence of O2ME, the nanoparticles are neutral and exhibit a liquid crystalline hexagonal nanostructure (hexosomes). At an acidic pH, they are positively charged with a cubic nanostructure (cubosomes), which facilitates the interaction with the negatively charged fungal cell wall. This interaction results in the MIC50 and MIC90 values of the LNP-Fluc being significantly lower than that of the free-Fluc control. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy further support the MIC values, showing fungal cells exposed to LNP-Fluc at acidic pH were heavily distorted, demonstrating efflux of cytoplasmic molecules. In contrast, fungal cells exposed to Fluc alone showed cell walls mostly intact. This current study represents a significant advancement in delivering targeted antifungal therapy to combat fungal antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarigama Rajesh
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sheeana Gangadoo
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Han Nguyen
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5043, South Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Azlyna ASN, Ahmad S, Husna SMN, Sarmiento ME, Acosta A, Norazmi MN, Mohamud R, Kadir R. Review: Liposomes in the prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases. Life Sci 2022; 305:120734. [PMID: 35760094 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain as one of the major burdens among health communities as well as in the general public despite the advances in prevention and treatment. Although vaccination and vector eliminations have greatly prevented the transmission of these diseases, the effectiveness of these strategies is no longer guaranteed as new challenges such as drug resistance and toxicity as well as the missing effective therapeutics arise. Hence, the development of new tools to manage these challenges is anticipated, in which nano technology using liposomes as effective nanostructure is highly considered. In this review, we concentrate on the advantages of liposomes in the drug delivery system and the development of vaccine in the treatment of three major infectious diseases; tuberculosis (TB), malaria and HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Muhamad Nur Husna
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maria E Sarmiento
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Armando Acosta
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nor Norazmi
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ramlah Kadir
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bharti S, Zakir F, Mirza MA, Aggarwal G. Antifungal biofilm strategies: a less explored area in wound management. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1497-1513. [PMID: 35410595 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220411100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background- The treatment of wound associated infections has always remained a challenge for clinicians with the major deterring factor being microbial biofilms, majorly bacterial or fungal. Biofilm infections are becoming a global concern owing to resistance against antimicrobials. Fungal biofilms are formed by a wide variety of fungal pathogens namely Candida sp., Aspergillus fumigates, Trichosporon sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cryptococcus neoformans, among others. The rising cases of fungal biofilm resistance add to the burden of wound care. Additionally, with increase in the number of surgical procedures, transplantation and the exponential use of medical devices, fungal bioburden is on the rise. Objectives- The review discusses the methods of biofilm formation and the resistance mechanisms against conventional treatments. The potential of novel delivery strategies and the mechanisms involved therein are highlighted. Further, the prospects of nanotechnology based medical devices to combat fungal biofilm resistance have also been explored. Some of the clinical trials and up-to-date patent technologies to eradicate the biofilms are also mentioned. Conclusion- Due to the many challenges faced in preventing/eradicating biofilms, only a handful of approaches have been able to make it to the market. Fungal biofilms are a fragmentary area which needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Bharti
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi
| | - Foziyah Zakir
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
In silico and in vitro studies on the inhibition of laccase activity by Ellagic acid: Implications in drug designing for the treatment of Cryptococcal infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:642-654. [PMID: 35421416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the increased frequency of drug-resistant strains of Cryptococcus neoformans has depleted our antifungal armory. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory potential of ellagic acid (EA) against C. neoformans laccase through in silico and in vitro studies. For the first time, a homology modelling was established to model laccase and modelled protein served as a receptor for docking EA. Thermodynamic stability of the docked complex was ascertained by molecular dynamics simulation (MD). The analysis of root mean square deviation and fluctuation of alpha carbons of protein justifies the stability of the bound EA in the binding pocket of laccase. Frontier molecular orbitals of the EA was studied by density functional theory-based optimization by using the Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional (B3LYP) approach. Negative values of the highest occupied/unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO/LUMO) indicated that laccase with EA forms a stable complex. Interestingly, EA inhibited laccase activity both in vitro and in yeast cells of C. neoformans. Moreover, EA treatment remarkably inhibited the proliferation of C. neoformans inside macrophages. The findings of the present study unveil the molecular basis of the interactions of laccase with EA, which may prove to be beneficial for designing laccase inhibitors as potential anti-cryptococcal agents.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hady MA, Darwish AB, Abdel-Aziz MS, Sayed OM. Design of transfersomal nanocarriers of nystatin for combating vulvovaginal candidiasis; A different prospective. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 211:112304. [PMID: 34959094 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate Nystatin (NYS) loaded transfersomes to achieve better treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Nystatin transferosomes were formulated utilizing thin film hydration method. A 32 full factorial design was employed to evaluate the effect of different formulation variables. Two independent variables were chosen; the ratio between lecithin surfactant (X1) was set at three levels (10-40), and the type of surfactants (X2) was set at three levels (Span 60, Span 85 and Pluronic F-127). The dependent responses were; entrapment efficiency (Y1: EE %), vesicles size (Y2: VS) and release rate (Y3: RR). Design Expert® software was utilized to statistically optimize formulation variables. The vesicles revealed high NYS encapsulation efficiency ranging from 97.35 ± 0.03 to 98.01 ± 0.20% whereas vesicle size ranged from 194.8 ± 20.42 to 400.8 ± 42.09 nm. High negative zeta potential values indicated good stability of the prepared formulations. NYS release from transfersomes was biphasic and the release pattern followed Higuchi's model. The optimized formulation (F7) exhibited spherical morphology under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In-vitro and in-vivo antifungal efficiency studies revealed that the optimized formula F7 exhibited significant eradication of candida infestation in comparison to free NYS. The results revealed that the developed NYS transfersomes could be a promising drug delivery system to enhance antifungal efficacy of NYS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayssa Abdel Hady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, National Research Centre, El Bohouth Street, Cairo12622, Egypt
| | - Asmaa B Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, National Research Centre, El Bohouth Street, Cairo12622, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Aziz
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, El Bohouth Street, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ossama M Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nakhaei P, Margiana R, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Jadidi Kouhbanani MA, Varma RS, Marofi F, Jarahian M, Beheshtkhoo N. Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:705886. [PMID: 34568298 PMCID: PMC8459376 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.705886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are essentially a subtype of nanoparticles comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head constituting a phospholipid membrane. The spherical or multilayered spherical structures of liposomes are highly rich in lipid contents with numerous criteria for their classification, including structural features, structural parameters, and size, synthesis methods, preparation, and drug loading. Despite various liposomal applications, such as drug, vaccine/gene delivery, biosensors fabrication, diagnosis, and food products applications, their use encounters many limitations due to physico-chemical instability as their stability is vigorously affected by the constituting ingredients wherein cholesterol performs a vital role in the stability of the liposomal membrane. It has well established that cholesterol exerts its impact by controlling fluidity, permeability, membrane strength, elasticity and stiffness, transition temperature (Tm), drug retention, phospholipid packing, and plasma stability. Although the undetermined optimum amount of cholesterol for preparing a stable and controlled release vehicle has been the downside, but researchers are still focused on cholesterol as a promising material for the stability of liposomes necessitating explanation for the stability promotion of liposomes. Herein, the prior art pertaining to the liposomal appliances, especially for drug delivery in cancer therapy, and their stability emphasizing the roles of cholesterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Nakhaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, The National Referral Hospital, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master’s Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Dmitry O. Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Czechia
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nasrin Beheshtkhoo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan A, Aljarbou AN, Aldebasi YH, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Khan S, Alruwetei AM, Khan MA. Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) siRNA-Encapsulated-Her-2 Targeted Fab'-Immunoliposomes for Gene Silencing in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:5575-5589. [PMID: 32801705 PMCID: PMC7415462 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s256022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The overexpression of Her-2 in 25–30% breast cancer cases and the crosstalk between Her-2 and fatty acid synthase (FASN) establishes Her-2 as a promising target for site-directed delivery. The present study aimed to develop the novel lipid base formulations to target and inhibit the cellular proliferation of Her-2-expressing breast cancer cells through the silencing of FASN. In order to achieve this goal, we prepared DSPC/Chol and DOPE/CHEMS immunoliposomes, conjugated with the anti-Her-2 fab’ and encapsulated FASN siRNA against breast cancer cells. Methods We evaluated the size, stability, cellular uptake and internalization of various formulations of liposomes. The antiproliferative gene silencing potential was investigated by the cell cytotoxicity, crystal violet, wound healing and Western blot analyses in Her-2+ and Her-2¯ breast cancer cells. Results The data revealed that both nanosized FASN-siRNA-encapsulated liposomes showed significantly higher cellular uptake and internalization with enhanced stability. The cell viability of Her-2+ SK-BR3 cells treated with the targeted formulation of DSPC/Chol- and DOPE/CHEMS-encapsulating FASN-siRNA reduced to 30% and 20%, respectively, whereas it was found to be 45% and 36% in MCF-7 cells. The wounds were not only failed to close but they became broader in Her-2+ cells treated with targeted liposomes of siRNA. Consequently, the amount of FASN decreased by 80% in SK-BR3 cells treated with non-targeted liposomes and it was 30% and 60% in the MCF-7 cells treated with DSPC/Chol and DOPE/CHEMS liposomes, respectively. Conclusion In this study, we developed the formulation that targeted Her-2 for the suppression of FASN and, therefore, inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed N Aljarbou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamshir Khan
- Dentistry and Pharmacy College, Buraydah Private Colleges, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen M Alruwetei
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Racles C, Cazacu M, Zaltariov M, Iacob M, Butnaru M. Siloxane-based compounds with tailored surface properties for health and environment. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1630405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Racles
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Cazacu
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mirela Zaltariov
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Iacob
- Inorganic Polymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Butnaru
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Canaparo R, Foglietta F, Giuntini F, Della Pepa C, Dosio F, Serpe L. Recent Developments in Antibacterial Therapy: Focus on Stimuli-Responsive Drug-Delivery Systems and Therapeutic Nanoparticles. Molecules 2019; 24:E1991. [PMID: 31137622 PMCID: PMC6572634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional drugs used for antibacterial therapy display several limitations. This is not due to antibiotics being ineffective, but rather due to their low bioavailability, limited penetration to sites of infection and the rise of drug-resistant bacteria. Although new delivery systems (e.g., nanoparticles) that are loaded with antibacterial drugs have been designed to overcome these limitations, therapeutic efficacy does not seem to have improved. Against this backdrop, stimuli-responsive antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles and materials with antimicrobial properties (nanoantibiotics) present the ability to enhance therapeutic efficacy, while also reducing drug resistance and side effects. These stimuli can either be exogenous (e.g., light, ultrasound) or endogenous (e.g., pH, variation in redox gradient, enzymes). This promising therapeutic approach relies on advances in materials science and increased knowledge of microorganism growth and biofilm formation. This review provides an overview in the field of antibacterial drug-delivery systems and nanoantibiotics that benefit from a response to specific triggers, and also presents a number of future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Giuntini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 2AJ, UK.
| | - Carlo Della Pepa
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Franco Dosio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singulani JDL, Scorzoni L, Lourencetti NMS, Oliveira LR, Conçolaro RS, da Silva PB, Nazaré AC, Polaquini CR, Victorelli FD, Chorilli M, Regasini LO, Fusco Almeida AM, Mendes Giannini MJS. Potential of the association of dodecyl gallate with nanostructured lipid system as a treatment for paracoccidioidomycosis: In vitro and in vivo efficacy and toxicity. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:630-636. [PMID: 29883792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis endemic in Latin America, caused by Paracoccidioides spp. A limited number of antifungal agents are available and the search for new compounds has increased. Additionally, nanostructured lipid system (NLS) has emmerged as an interesting strategy to carrier compounds for the treatment of mycosis. In this work, the antifungal efficacy and toxicity of dodecyl gallate (DOD) associated with a NLS was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo tests. DOD showed good in vitro antifungal activity and low toxicity in lung fibroblasts and zebrafish embryos, but no antifungal efficacy in infected mice, which may have been a result of low bioavailability. On the other hand, the association of DOD + NLS was beneficial and resulted in lower toxicity in lung fibroblasts and zebrafish embryos. In addition, NLS + DOD promoted a significant reduction in the fungal burden of mice lungs and could be a potential therapeutic option against PCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liliana Scorzoni
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Rossi Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosana Silva Conçolaro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Bento da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Nazaré
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Polaquini
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Octávio Regasini
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco Almeida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Assis DN, Araújo RS, Fuscaldi LL, Fernandes SOA, Mosqueira VCF, Cardoso VN. Biodistribution of free and encapsulated 99mTc-fluconazole in an infection model induced by Candida albicans. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:438-444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
15
|
Recent advances in delivery of antifungal agents for therapeutic management of candidiasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1478-1490. [PMID: 29223551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeasts that belong to the genus Candida. There are over twenty species of Candida yeasts that can cause infection in humans, the most common of which is Candida albicans. Candida yeasts normally reside in the intestinal tract and can be found on mucous membranes and skin without causing infection; however, overgrowth of these organisms can cause symptoms to develop. Presence of other diseases that compromises the patient's immunity makes it more difficult to treat. Candidiasis is majorly divided into superficial infections (oral or vaginal) and systemic infections, also known as invasive candidiasis. The conventional therapeutic modalities used to treat candidiasis are associated with several side effects that limits the dose and dosing frequency. Development of novel drug delivery systems for reduction in dose and alleviation of side effects is an important strategy to improve the clinical efficacy and patient acceptability. This review gives a bird's eye view of the classification and current therapeutic regime of candidiasis. It presents the varied types of drug delivery systems that have been exploited for delivery of antifungal agents with measurable benefits. It also touches upon echinocandins a relatively new class of drugs that are amenable for translation into novel dosage forms with application against biofilm producing and fluconazole resistant strains contributing to a better therapeutic management of candidiasis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Since their discovery in the 1960s, liposomes have been studied in depth, and they continue to constitute a field of intense research. Liposomes are valued for their biological and technological advantages, and are considered to be the most successful drug-carrier system known to date. Notable progress has been made, and several biomedical applications of liposomes are either in clinical trials, are about to be put on the market, or have already been approved for public use. In this review, we briefly analyze how the efficacy of liposomes depends on the nature of their components and their size, surface charge, and lipidic organization. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the physicochemical properties of liposomes on their interaction with cells, half-life, ability to enter tissues, and final fate in vivo. Finally, we describe some strategies developed to overcome limitations of the “first-generation” liposomes, and liposome-based drugs on the market and in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Bozzuto
- Chemical Methodology Institute, CNR, Rome, Italy ; Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Molinari
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Racles C, Mares M, Sacarescu L. A polysiloxane surfactant dissolves a poorly soluble drug (nystatin) in water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
18
|
Vanniasinghe AS, Manolios N, Schibeci S, Lakhiani C, Kamali-Sarvestani E, Sharma R, Kumar V, Moghaddam M, Ali M, Bender V. Targeting fibroblast-like synovial cells at sites of inflammation with peptide targeted liposomes results in inhibition of experimental arthritis. Clin Immunol 2014; 151:43-54. [PMID: 24513809 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study we examined a synovium-specific targeted liposomal drug delivery system for its ability to localize and release its drug cargo to inflamed joints. Targeted liposomes were tested in vitro for binding to synovial fibroblast like (FLS) and endothelial cells using flow cytometry and in vivo for localization to joints using a rat model of adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA). Targeted liposomes were then loaded with anti-arthritic medications and examined for clinical efficacy in AIA. Targeted liposomes specifically bound to rabbit FLS and human FLS and showed a 7-10 fold increase in vivo localization in affected joints compared to unaffected joints. Histological sections from rats treated with prednisone and a new immunosuppressive peptide CP showed minimal inflammation. This report substantiates the ability of the novel FLS sequence to target liposomal drug delivery and offers an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Vanniasinghe
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - N Manolios
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Schibeci
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Lakhiani
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - R Sharma
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - V Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Moghaddam
- CSIRO Molecular & Health Technologies, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Ali
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - V Bender
- Department of Rheumatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X, Huang G. Formation strategies, mechanism of intracellular delivery and potential clinical applications of pH-sensitive liposomes. Asian J Pharm Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
20
|
Jain S, Doshi AS, Iyer AK, Amiji MM. Multifunctional nanoparticles for targeting cancer and inflammatory diseases. J Drug Target 2013; 21:888-903. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.832769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
21
|
Abstract
In recent years, liposomes have been employed with growing success as pharmaceutical carriers for antineoplastic drugs. One specific strategy used to enhance in vivo liposome-mediated drug delivery is the improvement of intracytoplasmic delivery. In this context, pH-sensitive liposomes (pHSLip) have been designed to explore the endosomal acidification process, which may lead to a destabilization of the liposomes, followed by a release of their contents into the cell cytoplasm. This review considers the current status of pHSLip development and its applicability in cancer treatment, focusing on the mechanisms of pH sensitivity and liposomal composition of pHSLip. The final section will discuss the application of these formulations in both in vitro and in vivo studies of antitumor efficacy.
Collapse
|
22
|
Khan MA, Aljarbou A, Khan A, Owais M. Immune stimulating and therapeutic potential of tuftsin-incorporated nystatin liposomes against Cryptococcus neoformans in leukopenic BALB/C mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 66:88-97. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.00992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Aljarbou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy; Qassim University; Buraidah; Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh; India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Amoxicillin-bearing microparticles: potential in the treatment of Listeria monocytogenes infection in Swiss albino mice. Biosci Rep 2011; 31:265-72. [PMID: 20687896 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of amoxicillin-bearing HSA (human serum albumin) and PLGA [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)] microparticles in combating Listeria monocytogenes infection in Swiss albino mice. Amoxicillin-bearing HSA microspheres were prepared by chemical cross-linking of a drug/albumin mixture with glutaraldehyde, and PLGA microspheres were prepared by the W/O/W (water-in-oil-in-water) emulsion technique. The microspheres were characterized for their size, ζ potential and entrapment efficiency using SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and a Zetasizer. Release kinetics was performed in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 37°C simulating physiological conditions. Bacterial burden in various vital organs and survival data established enhanced efficacy of PLGA and HSA microspheres as compared with free drug. Among the two delivery systems, PLGA microspheres, when compared with HSA microspheres, imparted better efficacy in terms of reduction in bacterial load as well as increase in survival. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that microparticles successfully target the infected macrophages and the approach could be well exploited for targeting the intracellular pathogens as well.
Collapse
|
24
|
El-Ridy MS, Abdelbary A, Essam T, Abd EL-Salam RM, Aly Kassem AA. Niosomes as a potential drug delivery system for increasing the efficacy and safety of nystatin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 37:1491-508. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.587431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
Yang X, Lee HY, Kim JC. In vitro skin permeation of hinokitiol loaded in vesicles composed of behenyltrimethylammonium chloride and stearic acid. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 36:556-62. [PMID: 20141448 DOI: 10.3109/03639040903325578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Behenyltrimethylammonium chloride (BTAC) and stearic acid (SA) could be associated with each other through salt bridges, and the associated BTAC/SA could build bilayer vesicles with the aid of hinokitiol (HKL). METHOD The vesicles were prepared by a precipitation method and used to enhance the skin permeation of HKL. RESULTS In case the molar ratio of BTAC/SA/HKL was 1/1/0, no vesicle was observed on transmission electron microscope photos. When the molar ratio of BTAC/SA/HKL was 1/1/0.4, vesicle was observed together with some agglomerates. When the content of HKL increased to the ratios of 1/1/0.8 and 1/1/1.2, vesicles were exclusively observed. In vitro fluxes for 18 hours through hairless mouse skin of HKL dissolved in alcoholic solutions were less than 1 mg/cm2/h. Whereas the fluxes of HKL encapsulated in the vesicles were about three times higher than that of HKL in the alcoholic solutions. CONCLUSION The vesicles could be used for the hair growth promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bílková E, Imramovský A, Buchta V, Sedlák M. Targeted antifungal delivery system: β-Glucosidase sensitive nystatin–star poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate. Int J Pharm 2010; 386:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
27
|
CHE FB, WU Y, XU N, XU H, CHEN JH. Killer peptide-loaded nanoparticles: characterization and evaluation of anticryptcoccal efficacy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1008.2009.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
28
|
Briones E, Colino CI, Lanao JM. Delivery systems to increase the selectivity of antibiotics in phagocytic cells. J Control Release 2007; 125:210-27. [PMID: 18077047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many infectious diseases are caused by facultative organisms that are able to survive in phagocytic cells. The intracellular location of these microorganisms protects them from the host defence systems and from some antibiotics with poor penetration into phagocytic cells. One strategy used to improve the penetration of antibiotics into phagocytic cells is the use of carrier systems that deliver these drugs directly to the target cell. Delivery systems such as liposomes, micro/nanoparticles, lipid systems, conjugates, and biological carriers such as erythrocyte ghosts may contribute to increasing the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics and antifungal agents in the treatment of infections caused by intracellular microorganisms. The main objective of this review is to analyze recent advances and current perspectives in the use of antibiotic delivery systems in the treatment of intracellular infections such as mycobacterial infections, brucellosis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, fungal infections, visceral leishmaniasis, and HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Briones
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sedlák M, Pravda M, Staud F, Kubicová L, Týcová K, Ventura K. Synthesis of pH-sensitive amphotericin B–poly(ethylene glycol) conjugates and study of their controlled release in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4069-76. [PMID: 17434312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
New intravenous conjugates of amphotericin B (AMB) with poly(ethylene glycols) (PEG) (M=5000, 10,000, 20,000) have been synthesized and characterised. The intermediate PEGs possess a 1,4-disubstituted benzene ring with aldehyde group at the end of the chain. The benzene ring is connected with PEG at its 4-position (with respect to the aldehyde group) by various functional groups (ether, amide, ester). Reaction of terminal aldehyde group of the substituted PEGs with AMB gave conjugates containing a pH-sensitive imine linkage, which can be presumed to exhibit antimycotic effect at sites with lowered pH value. All types of the conjugates are relatively stable in phosphate buffer at physiological conditions of pH 7.4 (37 degrees C), less than 5 mol% AMB being split off from them within 24 h. For a model medium of afflicted tissue was used a phosphate buffer (pH 5.5, 37 degrees C), in which controlled release of AMB from the conjugates takes place. The imine linkage is split to give free AMB with half-lives of 2-45 min. The rate of acid catalysed hydrolysis depends upon substitution of the benzene ring; however, it does not depend on molecular weights of the PEGs used. The conjugates with ester linkage undergo enzymatic splitting in human blood plasma and/or blood serum at pH 7.4 (37 degrees C) with half-lives of 2-5 h depending on molecular weights of the PEGs used (M = 5000, 10,000, 20,000). At first, the splitting of ester linkage produces the relatively stable pro-drug, that is, 4-carboxybenzylideniminoamphotericin B, which is decomposed to AMB and 4-formylbenzoic acid in a goal-directed manner only at pH 7 (t1/2 = 2 min, pH 5.5, 37 degrees C). A goal-directed release of AMB is only achieved by acid catalysed hydrolysis of imine linkage, either from the polymeric conjugate or from the pro-drug released thereof. The LD50 values determined in vivo (mouse) are 20.7 mg/kg and 40.5 mg/kg for the conjugates with ester linkage (M = 10,000 and 5000, respectively), which means that they are ca. 6-11 times less toxic than free AMB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milos Sedlák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Cs. legií 565, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sedlák M, Pravda M, Kubicová L, Mikulcíková P, Ventura K. Synthesis and characterisation of a new pH-sensitive amphotericin B--poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) conjugate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2554-7. [PMID: 17336066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the synthesis, characterisation, and efficiency of a new intravenous conjugate of amphotericin B (AMB). Twelve molecules of AMB were attached to block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) via pH-sensitive imine linkages. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated the conjugate (M(w)=26,700) to be relatively stable in human plasma and in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C). Controlled release of AMB was observed in acidic phosphate buffer (pH 5.5, 37 degrees C) with the half-life of 2 min. The LD(50) value determined in vivo (mouse) is 45 mg/kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milos Sedlák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|