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Joseph DT, Bajpai M, Yadav DK, Sharma S, Anand S, Khan MA. Plasma GDNF levels in spinal dysraphism and its relation with neurological impairment in children: A point of care study. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20:46.e1-46.e8. [PMID: 37858511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS GDNF plays a crucial role in the stimulation of recovery, neuroplasticity and synaptic reorganization after spinal cord injury providing neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Plasma GDNF levels are upregulated in cases of spina bifida owing to the intrauterine damage of the exposed spinal cord. Our aim was to compare the plasma GDNF levels in patients of spina bifida with non-spina bifida cases and assess the correlation with neurological impairment at one year of follow up. METHODS Single centre prospective analysis of cases of spina bifida from 2020 to 2022 at presentation and after one year of follow up post-surgery. Cases with hernia and hydrocele without any other disorders were recruited into the control group. Plasma GDNF levels were assessed with immunoassay kits and compared with neurological involvement. RESULTS 85 cases were included in the study. GDNF levels were elevated in cases compared to controls (mean 6.62 vs 1.76) with significant p value (<0.01). Same was observed for open and closed defects (mean 7.63 vs 4.86: p < 0.01). At follow up of 52 cases post-surgery cases with neurogenic bladder with abnormal urodynamic studies, sphincter involvement and motor impairment had significantly elevated baseline levels of GDNF compared with those who did not have this neurological impairment (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION The neurotrophic factor up-regulation can reflect an endogenous attempt at neuroprotection against the biochemical and molecular cascades triggered by the spinal cord damage. This upregulation can be represented as important biochemical markers of severe spinal cord damage and can be associated with severity of spine injury in MMC patients. Our results are in keeping with these findings, that, there were increased levels of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spinal dysraphism compared to control population. Also, the type of lesion reflecting the severity whether a closed or an open dysraphism, showed significant difference in levels between them suggesting, yet again, more damage in open defect as expected. The levels were higher with involvement of bladder, sphincter and lower limb power. CONCLUSION There is significant elevation of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spina bifida and this elevation is proportional to the degree of spinal damage and hence the neurological impairment. GDNF levels are a good predictor for assessing the severity of the lesion and thus the outcome in these cases. Additional prospective and long-term studies with a larger cohort are needed for a better understanding of neurotrophin pattern modulation in MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delona Treesa Joseph
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Aggarwal P, Krishna Kumar RG, Das CJ, Kubihal V, Subudhi TK, Khan MA, Kumar R. Role of non-contrast CT component of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan in the detection of peripheral zone prostate cancer. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:195-200. [PMID: 38263835 PMCID: PMC11027233 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to look for feasibility of non-contrast CT (NCCT) in detecting peripheral zone prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS A retrospective analysis included 50 biopsy-proven PCa patients between April 2019 and March 2022 who underwent staging whole body prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/CT prior to treatment. The control subjects were 50 randomly selected adult male patients who underwent PET/CT for non-prostate malignancy during the same time period. Two readers independently calculated the Hounsfield unit (HU) of normal peripheral zone, central zone, and corresponding PSMA avid focus in cases. RESULTS No significant difference was seen in the mean HU value of normal peripheral zone between cases and controls. Significant difference in the mean HU was seen between the PSMA avid focus in cases (40.1 ± 6.2) and normal peripheral zone of cases (28.2 ± 7.0) and controls (27.7 ± 5.8). No significant difference was found between the mean HU values of high-grade PCa and non-high-grade PCa. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed a mean HU cut-off of ≥35 for detecting PCa with a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 90%, respectively, between cases and controls (AUC 0.88). CONCLUSION Detection of clinically significant PCa is possible on routinely performed NCCT scans. Radiologists should routinely look for and convey these findings to facilitate further work-up and early detection of PCa. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our study adds to the knowledge that NCCT scans performed for unrelated indications can serve as a screening tool for clinically significant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Aggarwal
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R G Krishna Kumar
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Chandan J Das
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vijay Kubihal
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - T Kishan Subudhi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Bio-statistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Lew B, Meir A, Khan AA, Khan MA, Tarre S, Green M. Ammonia gas treatment in low cost biological reactor. Bioresour Technol 2024; 391:129949. [PMID: 37926359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia gas contributes to a number of environmental and human health concerns. The use of chalk, a cheap alkalinity source may reduce costs for biological systems. This research studies a closed liquid flow reactor to treat ammonia gas using chalk as biomass media and alkalinity source with high value calcium nitrate fertilizer production. The proposed reactor showed complete ammonia gas removal at high rate (500 mg N/L/day) and with low cost; where chalk dissolution and ammonia gas absorption contributed to alkalinity in the water for nitrification. High calcium ion concentration (up to 10,000 mg Ca2+ as CaCO3/L) showed only minor effects on ammonia absorption and nitrification rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lew
- Department of Civil Eng, Ariel University, Israel.
| | - A Meir
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
| | - A A Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - M A Khan
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S Tarre
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
| | - M Green
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
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Suhani, Kumar U, Seenu V, Sodhi J, Joshi M, Bhattacharjee HK, Khan MA, Mathur S, Kumar R, Parshad R. Evaluation of Dual Dye Technique for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Two-Arm Open-Label Parallel Design Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial. World J Surg 2023; 47:2178-2185. [PMID: 37171588 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radioisotope and blue dye are standard agents for performing sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer. The paucity of nuclear medicine facility poses logistic challenge. This study evaluated performance of radioisotope & methylene blue (MB) with indocyanine green (ICG) and MB for SLNB. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2019 to July 2022 comparing SLN identification proportions of radioisotope-blue dye [Group A] with dual dye (MB + ICG; Group B]. Secondary objective included time required and cost effectiveness of performing SLNB. Sample size of 70 (35 in each arm) was calculated. Upfront operable node negative early breast cancer was included in the study. Clinico-demographic data, number & type of SLN, time taken were noted. Cost analysis was done including the equipment, manpower & consumables. Chi-square/Fisher exact test was used to compare proportion between two groups. p value of less than 0.05 was considered to represent statistical significance. RESULTS Seventy patients randomized to either group were similar in clinico-demographic and tumor characteristics. SLN identification rate (IR) was 91.43% in group A and 100% in group B. Overall IR of MB, radioisotope and ICG were 91.43%, 91.43% and 100%, respectively. Mean number of SLNs identified were 3 in group A and 4 in group B. Median time required for SLNB was 12 min and 14 min in either group, respectively. Cost of performing SLNB was higher in Group B. CONCLUSION SLNB using dual dye is non-inferior to radioisotope-blue dye in upfront operable early breast cancer. Trial registration number Clinical Trial registry India CTRI/2020/02/023503.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhani
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India.
| | - Utkarsh Kumar
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - V Seenu
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendar Sodhi
- Department of Hospital Administration, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Joshi
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - H K Bhattacharjee
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajinder Parshad
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
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Hurst AL, Pritchett D, Khan MA. Urinary tract infection caused by Lactococcus garvieae in a premature neonate: A case report. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:187-190. [PMID: 36872796 DOI: 10.3233/npm-221154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae is a gram-positive cocci that has primarily been described as a pathogen in various fish species, but has increasingly been reported to cause endocarditis and other infections in humans [1]. Neonatal infection caused by Lactococcus garvieae has not been previously reported. Here we describe a premature neonate who developed a urinary tract infection with this organism and was successfully treated with vancomycin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Hurst
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - D Pritchett
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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Riaz S, Nasreen S, Burhan Z, Shafique S, Alvi SA, Khan MA. Microplastics assessment in Arabian Sea fishes: accumulation, characterization, and method development. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e270694. [PMID: 36790302 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.270694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Around the globe, plastic has been entering the aquatic system and is ingested by organisms. Identification, optimal digestion method, and characterization of the polymers to trace sources are of growing importance. Hence, the present work investigated microplastics accumulation, digestion protocol efficiency, and characterization of polymers with FTIR analysis in the guts of five fishes (Lethrinus nebulosus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Otolithes ruber, and Euryglossa orientalis) from the Karachi coastal area, Arabian Sea. A total of 1154 microplastics (MPs) were ingested by 29 out of 33 fish species (87%). The highest average MP/fish was recorded in Otolithes ruber (54) and the lowest in Rastrelliger kanagurta (19.42). Microfibers were the most abundant shape with the highest numbers (35.52%) as compared to the rest of the MPs identified. Transparent microfibers were recorded as the highest in numbers followed by red, black, blue, and green. In this study, KOH with different concentrations and exposure times along with oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide was tested (Protocols 3 and 4). Results showed these bases were highly efficient in obtaining optimal digestion of the samples. FTIR analysis confirmed that the majority of the polymers found in the fish guts were polyethylene and polypropylene. This study validated for the first time the presence of these polymers of plastic in marine fish from Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Riaz
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nasreen
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Z Burhan
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Shafique
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S A Alvi
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Applied Chemistry Research Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shoib S, Khan MA, Javed S, Das S, Chandradasa M, Soron TR, Saeed F. A possible link between air pollution and suicide? Encephale 2023; 49:94-95. [PMID: 34916076 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar-Lal-Nehru Memorial Hospital, 190003 Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
| | - M A Khan
- Larkin community hospital, 7031 SW 62nd Avenue, 33143 South Miami, FL, USA
| | - S Javed
- Nishtar Medical University, Nishtar Road, Gillani Colony, 66000 Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Das
- Consultant Psychiatrist Emergency Mental Health Sunshine Hospital, NWMH, 300, Grattan Street, 3050 Parkville VIC, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - M Chandradasa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - T R Soron
- Telepsychiatry Research and Innovation Network, 1215 Dhaka, Bangladesh (TRS)
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Asghar MU, Anjum AA, Rabbani M, Khan MA, Ali MA, Azeem S. A commercial monovalent canine parvovirus vaccine performs better than a commercial combination vaccine in puppies. J HELL VET MED SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Thirty puppies were randomly divided in to 3 groups for comparative evaluation of two commercial CPV vaccines. Each group was further subdivided in to < 6 months and < 3 months -old puppies and either vaccinated with a monovalent vaccine: Primodog, a combination vaccine: Duramune or maintained as a non-vaccinated control. Humoral immune response was determined by Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) on 21 and 35 -days after vaccination. The geometric mean titer (GMT) induced by Duramune, 21 and 35 -days post-vaccination was GMT 73.3 and 137.2, respectively. Comparatively, Primodog demonstrated higher GMT on 21 and 35 -days after vaccination: 97.0 and 168.9, respectively. The older puppies (< 6 months old) demonstrated higher seroconversion to both vaccines.
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Khan MA, Braun WE, Kushner I, Grecek DE, Muir WA, Steinberg AG. HLA B27 in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Differences in Frequency and Relative Risk in American Blacks and Caucasians. J Rheumatol 2023; 50:39-43. [PMID: 36587954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-eight HLA alleles of the A and B loci were determined in 23 American Blacks and 50 Caucasians with primary ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The prevalence of HLA B27 was significantly increased in American Black patients (48 per cent) vs Black controls (two per cent), but was much less than the 94 per cent found in Caucasian patients (controls eight per cent). The lower prevalence of B27 in American Black patients vs Caucasian patients was significant (p < 0.001), and indicated that susceptibility to AS is not as closely associated with B27 in Blacks as in Caucasians. No other HLA antigen was significantly associated with AS in either racial group. Among B27 positive individuals, the relative risk of developing AS was significantly lower in American Blacks than in Caucasians. These data indicate that for diagnostic purposes, the absence of B27 is less important in ruling out AS in Blacks than in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W E Braun
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - I Kushner
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - D E Grecek
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W Angus Muir
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A G Steinberg
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Novikova EV, Khan MA, Turova EA. [Medical rehabilitation of children with obstructive uropathy]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2023; 100:21-26. [PMID: 38016053 DOI: 10.17116/kurort202310005121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive uropathy in children is predominantly urinary system malformation and one of the leading causes of chronic renal failure. Antenatal ultrasound can detect obstructive uropathy in infants. It is important to conduct diagnostics not only to identify the obstruction level in urinary system, but to assess renal function, renal blood flow and urination. Children are given conservative and surgical treatment methods to restore urodynamics, prevent infectious complications, improve renal blood flow. Currently, there are no principles, approaches and technologies for medical rehabilitation of patients with obstructive uropathy, therefore, the use of selective chromotherapy, which has an activating effect on regional circulation, and sound stimulation improving muscles tone of pelvis and ureters, is pathogenetically reasonable and promising. OBJECTIVE To develop technologies of physiotherapy application (sound stimulation, selective chromotherapy) for inclusion in comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children with megaloureter. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical observations and special examinations have been performed in 90 children with megaloureter aged from 1 to 10 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 30 children (study group) received sound stimulation combined with selective chromotherapy; 30 children (the 1st comparison group) - sound stimulation; 30 children (the 2nd comparison group) - selective chromotherapy (blue spectrum). General clinical methods, ultrasound of kidneys and bladder with Doppler monitoring of intrarenal blood flow, functional methods of bladder examination were used. RESULTS The positive effects of separate and combined application of sound stimulation and selective chromotherapy on clinical and laboratory indicators, urodynamics of urinary tract and renal blood flow in children with megaloureter after surgery have been revealed. The efficacy of selective chromotherapy use in children with megaloureter and comorbid neurologic bladder dysfunction has been proven. CONCLUSION Modern technologies for the application of physiotherapy, namely selective chromotherapy and sound stimulation, to include them in the comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children with megaloureter, have been developed for the first time and their high efficacy has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Novikova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Khan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Turova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Khan MA, Lyan NA, Vakhova EL, Lvova AV, Mikhlin SB, Illarionov VE. [The high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy in the medical rehabilitation of children. (Literature review)]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2023; 100:99-102. [PMID: 38289311 DOI: 10.17116/kurort202310006199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, a promising area of physiotherapy has been intensively developed In Russia and abroad - magnetic therapy, based on the use of various types of magnetic fields for preventive, curative and rehabilitative purposes. The use of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy is promising. The effectiveness of the method in a number of diseases of childhood, which has an active stimulating effect on the state of the neuromuscular apparatus, has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Lyan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Vakhova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Lvova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Mikhlin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - V E Illarionov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Sayeeda S, Hayee S, Akhtar N, Begum F, Khan MA. Successful Pregnancy with SLE-associated Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:272-276. [PMID: 36594334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Risk is significantly increased when SLE pregnancy is complicated by anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS). Here, we present a case of a 21 year-old multi-gravid lady with SLE- associated APS who was diagnosed as such when she presented with multisystem flare at her 16 weeks of gestation. At presentation she had fever, multiple joint pain in both upper and lower limbs, loss of hair, history of recurrent oral ulcer, skin rash over hand and feet. Physical examination and laboratory evaluation were consistent with an active SLE flare. A diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was made based on her clinical presentation and laboratory findings. The reported patient had APS secondary to SLE. She had all the risk factors that would confer a remarkably high risk of pregnancy morbidity: positive anti-SSA(RO) antibody and lupus anticoagulant, history of one neonatal death due to congenital heart block and two consecutive first trimester pregnancy loss. Multidisciplinary management approach with appropriate intervention and close monitoring can bring a successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sayeeda
- Dr Syeda Sayeeda, Associate Professor, Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Dubey H, Ranjan A, Durai J, Khan MA, Lakshmy R, Khurana S, Gupta S, Meena J, Ray MD, Tanwar P, Chopra A, Tiwari S. Evaluation of HE4 as a prognostic biomarker in uterine cervical cancer . Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 34:100672. [PMID: 36525756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uterine cervical cancer (UCC) is the fourth most common health problem worldwide among women. Currently available biomarkers CA125, CA199, and CEA for diagnosis or prognostic evaluation of UCC have not got widespread acceptance. METHOD Whole blood samples of 64 patients with UCC were collected along with 63 healthy females and tested for serum levels of HE4 (sHE4). A cut-off value for positive result 64.0 pmol/L was set. Statistical analysis of different clinical variables was done. RESULT Serum level of HE4 has a significant role in the diagnosis of uterine cervical cancer. Its level increases with age, higher parity (P < 0.05), stage (P < 0.16), tumor size, and parametrial invasion. Negative result was seen with vaginal invasion, lymph node involvement & cases which had recurrence. Various histological types showed variable results. So the serum level of HE4 (sHE) level may play a role in the diagnosis & therapeutic monitoring of UCC. But the prognostic evaluation needs further studies. CONCLUSION sHE4 is useful in the diagnosis of cervical cancer, but its prognostic significance is under the question marks. It may be associated with higher values in higher stages. Higher parity of the patient is associated with higher level of HE4 in UCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Dubey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Ranjan
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | | - M A Khan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Lakshmy
- C.N. Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Khurana
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Meena
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M D Ray
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanat Tiwari
- Bionics Scientific Technologies Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India
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14
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Shah SSA, Saddique U, Khan MA, Khan S. Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of Tams I gene of Theileria annulata in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Pol J Vet Sci 2022; 25:625-629. [PMID: 36649115 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.143543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Theileriosis is a hemoparasitic disease that affects a wide range of different animal species and is caused by various species of Theileria. This study aimed to determine the molecular epidemiology of Theileria annulata through microscopy and PCR, in crossbred cattle in some districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this study, a total of 384 blood samples were collected from cattle in the Peshawar (n=120), Charsadda (n=94), Nowshera (n=84), and Swabi (n=86) districts. Microscopy and PCR were used to determine the overall prevalence of theileriosis, which was found to be 15.8 and 22.6%, respectively. Theileria annulata was detected in blood samples through PCR in the study area, and the target gene i.e., Tams 1, of positive samples was sequenced. The sequences in the current study revealed high sequence homology (ranging from 96 to 100%) with Tams 1 sequences of neighboring countries present in the NCBI database. Season, breed, age, and sex were found to be important risk factors among the several risk factors examined, whereas, among different clinical manifestations, lymphadenopathy showed a strong association with theileriosis. According to Cohen's kappa and ROC analysis, microscopy was proven to be a fair diagnostic test for detecting theileriosis in cattle, and may be used in combination with molecular techniques for screening a large number of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S A Shah
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar-Pakistan
| | - U Saddique
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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15
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Rehman A, Abbas S, Khan MA, Ghazal TM, Adnan KM, Mosavi A. A secure healthcare 5.0 system based on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning technique. Comput Biol Med 2022; 150:106019. [PMID: 36162198 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the global Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) industry has evolved at a tremendous speed. Security and privacy are key concerns on the IoMT, owing to the huge scale and deployment of IoMT networks. Machine learning (ML) and blockchain (BC) technologies have significantly enhanced the capabilities and facilities of healthcare 5.0, spawning a new area known as "Smart Healthcare." By identifying concerns early, a smart healthcare system can help avoid long-term damage. This will enhance the quality of life for patients while reducing their stress and healthcare costs. The IoMT enables a range of functionalities in the field of information technology, one of which is smart and interactive health care. However, combining medical data into a single storage location to train a powerful machine learning model raises concerns about privacy, ownership, and compliance with greater concentration. Federated learning (FL) overcomes the preceding difficulties by utilizing a centralized aggregate server to disseminate a global learning model. Simultaneously, the local participant keeps control of patient information, assuring data confidentiality and security. This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the findings on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning in healthcare. 5.0. The purpose of this study is to construct a secure health monitoring system in healthcare 5.0 by utilizing a blockchain technology and Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect any malicious activity in a healthcare network and enables physicians to monitor patients through medical sensors and take necessary measures periodically by predicting diseases. The proposed system demonstrates that the approach is optimized effectively for healthcare monitoring. In contrast, the proposed healthcare 5.0 system entangled with FL Approach achieves 93.22% accuracy for disease prediction, and the proposed RTS-DELM-based secure healthcare 5.0 system achieves 96.18% accuracy for the estimation of intrusion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rehman
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Sagheer Abbas
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - M A Khan
- Riphah School of Computing and Innovation, Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Taher M Ghazal
- School of Information Technology, Skyline University College, University City Sharjah, 1797, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Center for Cyber Security, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khan Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amir Mosavi
- Institute of Information Engineering, Automation and Mathematics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 81107 Bratislava, Slovakia; John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Obuda University, 1034, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Civil Engineering, TU-Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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16
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Davey N, Fitzgerald R, Fauzi MYBM, Khan MA, O'Donnell N, Kumar S, Bambrick P, Pope G, Mulcahy R, Cooke J, O'Regan N. 295 SPEP IT UP! DEVELOPING AN ALGORITHM FOR ABNORMAL SERUM PLASMA ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS IN HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hip fracture is a common manifestation of osteoporosis. All patients who sustain a hip fracture should receive a specialist bone health assessment, including Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) because plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma are an important differential diagnosis. SPEP results can be challenging to interpret without training and expertise. We aimed to review the proportion of abnormal SPEP results in hip fracture patients and used a newly developed algorithm to assess urgency of referral to haematology.
Methods
The Orthogeriatrics and Haematology teams collaborated to develop an algorithm to help facilitate decision making in hip fracture patients with abnormal SPEP results. A retrospective study was then conducted using data from the local Hip Fracture Database from Quarters 1 and 3 in 2020, and the hospital electronic laboratory system. The algorithm was used to retrospectively determine which patients warranted haematology review. The electronic appointment system was then accessed to review whether those who warranted haematology referral had appointments on the system.
Results
Of 270 hip fracture presentations, 19 duplicate records were excluded. Five patients had no data and three patients had passed away. Of the remaining 243 patients, 193 (79.42%) had SPEP’s sent. Abnormalities were detected in 116 patients (47.74%). According to the SPEP referral pathway, two patients warranted routine referral and one patient required an urgent referral, none of whom appeared to have been referred to haematology. Two patients who did not warrant haematology referral were already under haematology for different conditions.
Conclusion
Not all patients who sustain acute osteoporotic fractures with an abnormal SPEP result require haematology referral. The need for an urgent or routine haematology can be guided by the SPEP result along with other clinical features. With the introduction of this pathway, it is proposed that all hip fracture patients will be triaged in a timely, appropriate, and consistent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Davey
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - R Fitzgerald
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - MYBM Fauzi
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - MA Khan
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - N O'Donnell
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - S Kumar
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - P Bambrick
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - G Pope
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - R Mulcahy
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - J Cooke
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - N O'Regan
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
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Fatima R, Yaqoob A, Qadeer E, Khan MA, Ghafoor A, Jamil B, Haq MU, Ahmed N, Baig S, Rehman A, Abbasi Q, Khan AW, Ikram A, Hicks JP, Walley J. Community- vs. hospital-based management of multidrug-resistant TB in Pakistan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:929-933. [PMID: 36163662 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) treatment takes 18-24 months and is complex, costly and isolating. We provide trial evidence on the WHO Pakistan recommendation for community-based care rather than hospital-based care.METHODS Two-arm, parallel-group, superiority trial was conducted in three programmatic management of drug-resistant TB hospitals in Punjab and Sindh Provinces, Pakistan. We enrolled 425 patients with MDR-TB aged >15 years through block randomisation in community-based care (1-week hospitalisation) or hospital-based care (2 months hospitalisation). Primary outcome was treatment success.RESULTS Among 425 patients with MDR-TB, 217 were allocated to community-based care and 208 to hospital-based care. Baseline characteristics were similar between the community and hospitalised arms, as well as in selected sites. Treatment success was 74.2% (161/217) under community-based care and 67.8% (141/208) under hospital-based care, giving a covariate-adjusted risk difference (community vs. hospital model) of 0.06 (95% CI -0.02 to 0.15; P = 0.144).CONCLUSIONS We found no clear evidence that community-based care was more or less effective than hospital-based care model. Given the other substantial advantages of community-based care over hospital based (e.g., more patient-friendly and accessible, with lower treatment costs), this supports the adoption of the community-based care model, as recommended by the WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fatima
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Yaqoob
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - E Qadeer
- Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Association for Social Development, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ghafoor
- National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - B Jamil
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Haq
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmed
- Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Baig
- Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Rehman
- Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Q Abbasi
- TB Samli Sanatorium Hospital, Murree, Pakistan
| | - A W Khan
- National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - J P Hicks
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
| | - J Walley
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
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18
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Islam N, Das MC, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Khan MA, Khandaker G, Das D. Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Diagnostic Tests: A Glimpse. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:887-889. [PMID: 35780380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mass testing for COVID-19 infection is one of the core measures in tackling the global spread of the disease. Testing is vital to diagnose and estimate cases, attack rates and case fatality rates- critical data for policy-making. As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, the demand for more extensive laboratory testing and innovative technology increases. However, countries around the world have been struggling to keep up pace with the worldwide demand to expand testing strategy. The pandemic evolves, so does our knowledge and understanding of diagnostic tests of COVID-19. Here we aim to review major challenges related to COVID-19 diagnostic tests and future development. So, the ongoing urgency and demand for tests would certainly steer the rapid uptake of novel techniques, which in turn would boost our understanding of diagnostic tests for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Islam
- Dr Nazmul Islam, School of Public Health and Life Sciences, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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19
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Deng H, Khan MA, Liu X, Fu J, Mei Z. Identification of SCAR markers for genetic authentication of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260394. [PMID: 35674573 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium nobile Lindl. is an orcid plant with important medicinal values. This is a colourful houseplant, and also a popular herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The variants of this plant from different geographic regions might be high, and in this study, we aimed to develop specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers for the identification of specific variant of this plant. Different cultivars of D. nobile were collected from nine different places of China, and one cultivar from Myanmar. DNA materials were extracted from the plant samples, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were developed, cloned and sequenced for the development of SCAR markers. We have developed four SCAR markers, which are specific to the cultivar from Luzhou China, and clearly distinguishable (genetically) from other cultivars. These SCAR markers are deposited in GenBank (accession number MZ417502, MZ484089, MZ417504 and MZ417505). Four SCAR markers for D. nobile are effective molecular technique to genetically identify the different cultivars or species, and this method is applicable for genetic characterization and identification of other plant species too.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Deng
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - M A Khan
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - X Liu
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - J Fu
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Z Mei
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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20
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Alzahrani MA, Alkhamees M, Almutairi S, Abumelha SM, Khan MA, Aljaziri ZY, Althunayyan FA, Ahmad MS, Hakami BO. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on quality of partner relationship and sexual activity among COVID positive males: a cross sectional study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4431-4439. [PMID: 35776044 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_29082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to assess sexual activity, partner relationships among males who had been infected with COVID-19, to study the impact of COVID-19 infection on partner relationship and to find out the association between partner and sexual relationship during lockdown. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia through social media platforms via online questionnaire between December 1, 2020 and January 31, 2021 among 871 participants after a pilot study among 20 participants of which 497 were included in the study. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA). Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages and the association was studied using Chi squared test/Fisher's exact test. The value of p ≤ .05 was considered significant. RESULTS Out of the total study participants, nearly 85% of them belonged to the age range of 18 to 39 years, more than half of the participants were married. In the six months prior to the study being conducted, 268 respondents (53.9%) did not have sexual relationships. Respondents with positive COVID-19 infection reported that their partner lived with them in the same house during home isolation and was also found to be significantly associated with having intact sexual relationships in the last six months of the lockdown period (p-value < .001). Moreover, respondents who reported having good relationships with their partners during the pandemic were found to be significantly associated with having intact sexual relationships during the pandemic lockdown (p-value < .001). CONCLUSIONS Among the COVID-19-positive respondents, sexual activity and partner relationships were largely found to be intact during the pandemic lockdown period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Khan A, Alsahli MA, Aljasir MA, Maswadeh H, Mobark MA, Azam F, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi AA, AlSuhaymi N, Khan MA. Experimental and Theoretical Insights on Chemopreventive Effect of the Liposomal Thymoquinone Against Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Lung Cancer in Swiss Albino Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2263-2280. [PMID: 35422652 PMCID: PMC9005154 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Thymoquinone (TQ), a phytoconstituent of Nigella sativa seeds, has been studied extensively in various cancer models. However, TQ’s limited water solubility restricts its therapeutic applicability. Our work aims to prepare the novel formulation of TQ and assess its chemopreventive potential in chemically induced lung cancer animal model. Methods The polyethylene glycol coated DOPE/CHEMS incorporating TQ-loaded pH-sensitive liposomes (TQPSL) were prepared and characterized. Mice were exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) thrice a week for 4 weeks to induce lung cancer. TQPSL was administered three times a week for 21 weeks, starting 2 weeks before the first dose of BaP. Results The prepared TQPSL revealed 85% entrapment efficiency with 128 nm size and −19.5 mv ζ-potential showing high stability of the formulation. The pretreatment of TQPSL showed the recovery in BaP-modulated relative organ weight of lungs, cancer marker enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes in the serum. The histopathological analysis of the tissues showed that TQPSL protected the malignancy in the lungs. The flow cytometry data revealed the induction of apoptosis and decreased intracellular ROS by TQPSL. Molecular docking was performed to predict the TQ’s affinity for eight possible anticancer drug targets linked to lung cancer etiology. The data assisted to identify the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF as the most suitable target of TQ with binding energy −6.8 kcal/mol. Conclusion The current findings demonstrated the potential of TQPSL and its possible therapeutic targets of lung cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first research to outline the development of TQ formulation against lung cancer considering its low solubility as well as pulmonary delivery challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Arif Khan, Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 590038460, Fax +966 63801628, Email
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamzah Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mugahid A Mobark
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21912, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar A, Mohapatra S, Pius A, Sharma R, Khan MA, Kumar N, Chakrawarty A, Vishwakarma VK, Nischal N, Ranjan P, Soneja M, Wig N. Activity of Fosfomycin Against The Spectrum of Uropathogens Causing Cystitis. CDTH 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220307114146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most frequent bacterial infections, commonly seen in females. High degree of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens has challenged the use of therapeutic agents. Fosfomycin which is an old antibiotic with distinctive characteristics, seems to be a promising novel therapeutic agent with a good bactericidal activity towards multi-drug resistant (MDR) uropathogens.
Objective:
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of fosfomycin among uropathogens causing cystitis.
Methods:
The study was carried out between 2017-2018. A total of 2060 UTI suspects from outpatient department (OPDs) and inpatient department (IPDs) were screened. Out of 2060 screened patients 1658 were IPD patients and 402 were OPD patients. Patient’s midstream urine samples were collected aseptically and processed according to standard protocols. The frequency of extended-spectrum-beta lactamases (ESBLs) producer and carbapenem resistance were estimated respectively. Cultures with significant growth of uropathogens were identified and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to fosfomycin was determined by agar dilution (AD) and by E-test methods.
Results:
184 out of 2060 (8.9%) urine samples showed significant growth of uropathogens. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) (64%,118/184) was found to be the mostly isolated uropathogen. Among these Gram-negative uropathogens, 80% were ESBLs producers, 43.2% were carbapenem-resistant and 78% isolates were found to be MDR. The fosfomycin susceptibility for UPEC was 95% by AD method.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that Fosfomycin is reasonably effective and can be used in the treatment of MDR uropathogens along with uncomplicated UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Sarita Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Aswin Pius
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Rohini Sharma
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - MA Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Nikhil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Avinash Chakrawarty
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Neeraj Nischal
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Manish Soneja
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Naveet Wig
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
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Khan A, Aljarbou AN, Khan S, Khan MA. Her-2 directed systemic delivery of fatty acid synthase (FASN) siRNA with novel liposomal carrier systems in the breast cancer mouse model. J Drug Target 2022; 30:634-645. [PMID: 35112640 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2038613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the current advancements in the gene silencing therapy in vitro, the systemic delivery of siRNA still remains a challenging task for its transition into clinics. We have previously developed the Her2-targeted fatty acid synthase (FASN) siRNA-encapsulating immunoliposomes (ILs) with a great stability in the presence of serum. We report here the therapeutic potential of the lipid-based novel formulations in the breast cancer mouse model. The growth inhibitory and gene silencing effects of various formulations were determined by measuring the size of the tumor, cell proliferation, apoptotic index and immunoassays against Her2-over expressed tumor xenografts in nude mice. The pegylated DSPC/Chol and DOPE/CHEMS immunoliposomes containing FASN-siRNA significantly decreased the tumor growth relative to non-targeted liposomes. They induced the 1.5-fold increase in cellular apoptosis and several fold decrease in proliferation as compared to non-targeted liposomal formulations of FASN-siRNA. Moreover, FASN-siRNA-ILs produced several fold increase in the ratios of p53/p21 and Bax/Bcl-2. The gene silencing effects of targeted FASN-liposomes were found significantly superior, resulting in 30%-40% downregulation in FASN as compared to non-targeted similar formulations. Both types of FASN immunoliposomes provided a highly efficient approach for targeted delivery in Her-2-expressed breast cancer and thus offered a promising anticancer strategy in the clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed N Aljarbou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Buraydah, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamshir Khan
- Dentistry and Pharmacy College, Buraydah Private Colleges, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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Khan A, Alsahli MA, Aljasir MA, Maswadeh H, Mobark MA, Azam F, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Alhumaydhi FA, Alwashmi ASS, Almatroudi AA, Alsugoor MH, Khan MA. Safety, Stability, and Therapeutic Efficacy of Long-Circulating TQ-Incorporated Liposomes: Implication in the Treatment of Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010153. [PMID: 35057049 PMCID: PMC8778344 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), which is one of the main bioactive constituents of Nigella sativa seeds, has demonstrated its potential against various cancer models. The poor solubility of TQ in aqueous solution limits its uses in clinical application. The present study aimed to develop a novel formulation of TQ to increase its bioavailability and therapeutic potential with minimal toxicity. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated DSPC/cholesterol comprising TQ liposomes (PEG-Lip-TQ) were prepared and characterized on various aspects. A computational investigation using molecular docking was used to assess the possible binding interactions of TQ with 12 prospective anticancer drug targets. The in vitro anticancer activity was assessed in A549 and H460 lung cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, while the oral acute toxicity assay was evaluated in silico as well as in vivo in mice. TQ docked to the Hsp90 target had the lowest binding energy of −6.05 kcal/mol, whereas caspase 3 was recognized as the least likely target for TQ with a binding energy of −1.19 kcal/mol. The results showed 96% EE with 120 nm size, and −10.85 mv, ζ-potential of PEG-Lip-TQ, respectively. The cell cytotoxicity data demonstrated high sensitivity of PEG-Lip-TQ and a several fold decrease in the IC50 while comparing free TQ. The cell cycle analysis showed changes in the distribution of cells with doses. The in vivo data revealed an ~9-fold increase in the LD50 of PEG-Lip-TQ on free TQ as an estimated 775 and 89.5 mg/kg b.w, respectively. This study indicates that the pharmacological and efficacy profile of PEG-lip-TQ is superior to free TQ, which will pave the way for an exploration of the effect of TQ formulation in the treatment of lung cancer in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-59-003-8460; Fax: +966-63-801628
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad A. Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Hamzah Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mugahid A. Mobark
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid 157, Sudan
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ameen S. S. Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ahmed A. Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (K.S.A.); (F.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.S.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mahdi H. Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Al Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Masood A. Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
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Eric Wong KW, Winyard JC, Khan MA. Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer in MRI-negative prostate zones: saturation biopsy is necessary. Eur J Surg Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.11.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Khan MA, Pogonchenkova IV, Vybornov DY, Talkowski EM, Kuyantseva LV, Tarasov NI, Koroteev VV. [Medical rehabilitation for children with scoliosis]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2022; 99:57-66. [PMID: 35981343 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20229904157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The article presents a literature review on the prevalence, relevance, social significance, and principles of medical rehabilitation of children with different types of scoliosis in scoliotic disease. The current classification, diagnostics features, and clinical course of the disease are addressed. Current approaches to the choice of medical rehabilitation methods for scoliotic disease in children are described: therapeutic exercise, hydrokinesiotherapy, massage, physiotherapeutic treatment, kinesiotaping, and corseting. Special consideration is given to postoperative management and stages of medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis, including resort treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Pogonchenkova
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Yu Vybornov
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Talkowski
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Kuyantseva
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - N I Tarasov
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Koroteev
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
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Khan B, Ullah A, Khan MA, Amin A, Iqbal M, Khan S, Ateeq M, Aman K, Aziz A, Khattak MNK, Nadeem T, Munir N, Khan S, Ali Q. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of a methanolic extract of Debregeasia salicifolia in Alloxan-induced diabetic albino mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e251046. [PMID: 34932675 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.251046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine syndrome characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abrogated insulin activity. The existing treatments for DM have side effects and varying degrees of efficacy. Therefore, it is paramount that novel approaches be developed to enhance the management of DM. Therapeutic plants have been accredited as having comparatively high efficacy with fewer adverse effects. The current study aims to elucidate the phytochemical profile, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-diabetic effects of methanolic extract D. salicifolia (leaves) in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Alloxan was injected intraperitoneally (150 mg kg-1, b.w), to induced diabetes in mice. The mice were divided into three groups (n=10). Group 1 (normal control) received normal food and purified water, Group II (diabetic control) received regular feed and clean water and group III (diabetic treated) received a methanolic extract of the plant (300 mg kg-1) for 28 days with a typical diet and clean water throughout the experiment. Blood samples were collected to checked serum glucose and concentration of LDL, TC, TG. The extract demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic activity (P<0.05), whereas improvements in mice's body weight and lipid profiles were observed after treatment with the extract. This study establishes that the extract has high efficacy with comparatively less toxicity that can be used for DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Khan
- Dalian Medical University Liaoning, Department of Physiology, Dalian, China
| | - A Ullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Center for Cancer Research and State Key Lab for Molecular Neuroscience, Clear Water Bay, China
| | - A Amin
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine and Department of Biology, Hong Kong, China
| | - M Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women university Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Institute of microbiology and biotechnology, Bacha Khan University Charsada
| | - M Ateeq
- Institute of biological sciences, Sarhad university of science and information technology Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - K Aman
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - A Aziz
- Institute of biological sciences, Sarhad university of science and information technology Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - M N K Khattak
- University of Sharjah, Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Nadeem
- University of the Punjab, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Munir
- Center of biotechnology and microbiology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Department of biotechnology, university of swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Q Ali
- The University of Lahore, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Cosma G, McArdle SE, Foulds GA, Hood SP, Reeder S, Johnson C, Khan MA, Pockley AG. Prostate Cancer: Early Detection and Assessing Clinical Risk Using Deep Machine Learning of High Dimensional Peripheral Blood Flow Cytometric Phenotyping Data. Front Immunol 2021; 12:786828. [PMID: 34975879 PMCID: PMC8716718 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting the presence of prostate cancer (PCa) and distinguishing low- or intermediate-risk disease from high-risk disease early, and without the need for potentially unnecessary invasive biopsies remains a significant clinical challenge. The aim of this study is to determine whether the T and B cell phenotypic features which we have previously identified as being able to distinguish between benign prostate disease and PCa in asymptomatic men having Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels < 20 ng/ml can also be used to detect the presence and clinical risk of PCa in a larger cohort of patients whose PSA levels ranged between 3 and 2617 ng/ml. The peripheral blood of 130 asymptomatic men having elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels was immune profiled using multiparametric whole blood flow cytometry. Of these men, 42 were subsequently diagnosed as having benign prostate disease and 88 as having PCa on biopsy-based evidence. We built a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Deep Neural Network (biLSTM) model for detecting the presence of PCa in men which combined the previously-identified phenotypic features (CD8+CD45RA-CD27-CD28- (CD8+ Effector Memory cells), CD4+CD45RA-CD27-CD28- (CD4+ Effector Memory cells), CD4+CD45RA+CD27-CD28- (CD4+ Terminally Differentiated Effector Memory Cells re-expressing CD45RA), CD3-CD19+ (B cells), CD3+CD56+CD8+CD4+ (NKT cells) with Age. The performance of the PCa presence ‘detection’ model was: Acc: 86.79 ( ± 0.10), Sensitivity: 82.78% (± 0.15); Specificity: 95.83% (± 0.11) on the test set (test set that was not used during training and validation); AUC: 89.31% (± 0.07), ORP-FPR: 7.50% (± 0.20), ORP-TPR: 84.44% (± 0.14). A second biLSTM ‘risk’ model combined the immunophenotypic features with PSA to predict whether a patient with PCa has high-risk disease (defined by the D’Amico Risk Classification) achieved the following: Acc: 94.90% (± 6.29), Sensitivity: 92% (± 21.39); Specificity: 96.11 (± 0.00); AUC: 94.06% (± 10.69), ORP-FPR: 3.89% (± 0.00), ORP-TPR: 92% (± 21.39). The ORP-FPR for predicting the presence of PCa when combining FC+PSA was lower than that of PSA alone. This study demonstrates that AI approaches based on peripheral blood phenotyping profiles can distinguish between benign prostate disease and PCa and predict clinical risk in asymptomatic men having elevated PSA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Cosma
- Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Georgina Cosma, ; A. Graham Pockley,
| | - Stéphanie E. McArdle
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma A. Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P. Hood
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Reeder
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Johnson
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Masood A. Khan
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leicester National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - A. Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Georgina Cosma, ; A. Graham Pockley,
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Khan SH, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan MA, Younus H. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols and their Nanoformulations in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:2117-2129. [PMID: 33390126 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666201231144007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal Cancer (CRC) ranks third among all cancer-related deaths around the globe. Chemotherapy may prolong the survival of CRC patients to some extent, but its clinical use is associated with grave side effects on overall health. Contrary to chemotherapy, the use of plant-derived therapeutic molecules offered advantages because of their reduced toxicity. Polyphenol is a group of phytochemicals that impart many therapeutic benefits in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Various signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK/PI3K and TGF-β/Smad, play very important roles in the development and progression of CRC. Polyphenols inhibit CRC progressions by modulating these signaling pathways e.g. curcumin and resveratrol impede cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting Wnt signaling. Because of their lower aqueous solubility, the therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols is not fully exploited. In order to increase their bioavailability and efficacy, the nanoformulations of polyphenols have been formulated and investigated against various CRC test models. The main objective of this review is to explore the potential roles of polyphenols and their nanoformulations in the treatment of colorectal cancer. METHODS We used PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus electronic databases by searching the keywords: nanoparticles, polyphenols, colorectal cancer, cell signaling pathways. Mostly, the articles were retrieved directly from the journals licensed to the library of Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS Literature analysis has shown that the polyphenols contain several important bioactive compounds, which showed potential effectiveness against CRC. Incorporating polyphenols into nanoparticles further enhanced their bioavailability and efficacy. The findings from various studies demonstrated that polyphenol-nanoformulations accelerated the apoptosis in CRC cells by upregulating the levels of caspases and Bax, whereas inhibiting the CRC cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and ERK1/2. CONCLUSION This review provides a valuable resource on the important anti-CRC role of polyphenols and their nanoformulations. This review will expand our knowledge about the anti-CRC roles of polyphenols and their mechanisms of action through the multiple cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheer H Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah-51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah-51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
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Berridge CT, Bhugalee SBN, Jothimuruga S, Khan MA. 682 Pre-clinic mpMRI Prostate for Suspected Localised Significant Prostate Cancer – Incidental Findings and Outcomes. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Two week wait pathways demand rapid investigation of patients with suspected prostate cancer. To facilitate this, mpMRI prostate imaging is now routinely organised for patients whom meet specific criteria, without prior physical review by an urologist. We sought to establish what incidental findings were amongst this patient group and whether management was affected.
Method
All patients referred between 1/4/2019 – 30/4/20 on a suspected prostate cancer pathway to the Leicester General Hospital were included with those coded to have had pre-clinic MRI selected.
Results
During this period 1487 patients were referred on the pathway of which 482 were coded as having has pre-clinic MRI. 8 patients were excluded due to incorrect coding leaving 474 to be analysed. 121 patients had incidental findings mentioned in the report, of these a higher proportion did not have prostate cancer (69%). There were just 11 (2%) significant findings that required further investigation or intervention. These included colorectal lesions, primary bone lesions, suspected bladder cancers and urinary tract calculi. Of this group 3 patients had prostate cancer. Of note 13% of these patients were noted to have diverticular disease and 6% had herniae noted although none required emergent treatment. In this series 32% of patients were confirmed to have prostate cancer with 67.1% of MRI scan reported as PIRADS 3-5.
Conclusions
Pre-clinic MRI prostate facilitates rapid investigation for suspected prostate cancer. There is a small chance of establishing a significant incidental finding which is slightly more common in the non-cancer group.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Berridge
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Jothimuruga
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M A Khan
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Cheng L, Cantalapiedra-Hijar G, Meale SJ, Rugoho I, Jonker A, Khan MA, Al-Marashdeh O, Dewhurst RJ. Review: Markers and proxies to monitor ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants. Animal 2021; 15:100337. [PMID: 34537442 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing the rumen's capacity to utilise recalcitrant and low-value feed resources is important for ruminant production systems. Early-life nutrition and management practices have been shown to influence development of the rumen in young animals with long-term consequences on their performance. Therefore, there has been increasing interest to understand ruminal development and function in young ruminants to improve feed efficiency, health, welfare, and performance of both young and adult ruminants. However, due to the small size, rapid morphological changes and low initial microbial populations of the rumen, it is difficult to study ruminal function in young ruminants without major invasive approaches or slaughter studies. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of a range of proxies and markers to monitor ruminal function and nitrogen use efficiency (a major part of feed efficiency) in young ruminants. Breath sulphide and methane emissions showed the greatest potential as simple markers of a developing microbiota in young ruminants. However, there is only limited evidence for robust indicators of feed efficiency at this stage. The use of nitrogen isotopic discrimination based on plasma samples appeared to be the most promising proxy for feed efficiency in young ruminants. More research is needed to explore and refine potential proxies and markers to indicate ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants, particularly for neonatal ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus, 3647 Victoria, Australia.
| | - G Cantalapiedra-Hijar
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - S J Meale
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343 Queensland, Australia
| | - I Rugoho
- Lely Australia Pty Ltd, 84 Agar Drive, Truganina 3029, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Jonker
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - M A Khan
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - O Al-Marashdeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 85084, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - R J Dewhurst
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
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Muzaffar R, Khan MA, Mushtaq MH, Nasir M, Khan A, Haq IU, Muhammad J. Hyperhomocysteinemia as an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease. Comparison with Conventional Risk Factors. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e249104. [PMID: 34495168 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the strength of association of raised plasma homocysteine concentration as a risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factor. It was a case control study conducted at Punjab Institute of Cardiology Lahore. A total of 210 subjects aged 25 to 60 years comprising of 105 newly admitted patients of CHD as cases and 105 age and sex matched healthy individuals with no history of CHD as control were recruited for the study. Fasting blood samples were obtained from cases and controls. Plasma homocysteine was analyzed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method on automated immunoassay analyzer (Abbott IMX). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were analyzed using calorimetric kit methods. The concentration of LDL cholesterol was calculated using Friedewald formula. The patients were also assessed for traditional risk factors such as age, sex, family history of CVD, hypertension, smoking and physical activity, and were compared with control subjects. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 24 for analysis and interpretation.The mean age in controls and experimental groups were 43.00± 8.42 years and 44.72± 8.59 years with statistically same distribution (p- value= 0.144). The mean plasma homocysteine for cases was 22.33± 9.22 µmol/L where as it was 12.59±3.73 µmol/L in control group. Highly significant difference was seen between the mean plasma level of homocysteine in cases and controls (p˂0.001).Simple logistic regression indicates a strong association of coronary heart disease with hyperhomocysteinemia (OR 7.45), which remained significantly associated with coronary heart disease by multivariate logistic regression (OR 7.10, 95%C1 3.12-12.83, p=0.000). The present study concludes that elevated levels of Plasma homocysteine is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factors and can be used as an indicator for predicting the future possibility for the onset of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Muzaffar
- Rashid Latif Medical College, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- University of Lahore, Department of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M H Mushtaq
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Nasir
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - I Ul Haq
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - J Muhammad
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Haripur, Pakistan
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Ullah Z, Mahmood S, Iqbal Z, Khan J, Akhtar N, Khan MA, Arif M, Khan RA, Khan MF, Saira, Qureshi BUD, Aksar N, Yasmin S. Habitat selection by Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Siran and Kaghan Valleys, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247890. [PMID: 34468530 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asiatic black bear is present in variety of habitats like broad-leaves and coniferous forests, extending form sea level to 4300m elevation and change their habitat for food purpose seasonally. The present study was conducted at Kaghan and Siran Valleys, District Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to assess habitat of black bear. Line transect method was used for observation of bear signs. Twelve meter circular radius plots were selected for the concern vegetation's i.e. (trees, shrubs and herbs) and three to six plots were placed in each transect. At the result of sign survey, thirteen different categories of bear signs were recorded and encounter rate was calculated for each sign. A total of 1858 signs were observed during field surveys. Total (81%) coniferous species were recoded among trees, with the highest appearance of Pinus wallichiana (34.22%) and Spruce spp (27.76%), similarly broad leaves trees (18.56%) were also recoded from habitat plots. Most of the signs were encountered in bushy areas, whereas high number of Viburnum Spp (60.29%) was present. It is indicated that black bear prefers blend of Coniferous Trees, Viburnum and Ferns Species; probably because these plants provide enough food, protection, and meticulous shelter because more than 80% of habitat composed of these three species. Currently habitat destruction and increase in human population are the up-growing issues for wild animals (especially Asiatic black bear), which is highly sensitive to such problems. High levels of conservation efforts are recommended for the protection of black bear habitat and to avoid human interference in their territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ullah
- Hazara University Sub Campus Battagram, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Mahmood
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Z Iqbal
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Botany, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - J Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N Akhtar
- Hazara University Sub Campus Battagram, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Sustainable Forest Management Project, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- Sustainable Forest Management Project, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - R A Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M F Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saira
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - B U D Qureshi
- Government Degree College Athmuqam, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - N Aksar
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Yasmin
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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van Keulen P, McCoard SA, Dijkstra J, Swansson H, Khan MA. Effect of postpartum collection time and colostrum quality on passive transfer of immunity, performance, and small intestinal development in preweaning calves. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:11931-11944. [PMID: 34419279 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of postpartum collection time and quality of colostrum fed to calves on the failure of passive transfer, growth, and small intestine development in the first 5 wk of life. Newborn calves (Holstein-Friesian × Jersey) were identified at birth and collected either early (E; within 12 h postpartum; n = 20) or late (L; 18-24 h postpartum; n = 20) and fed either high-quality colostrum [HQC, first milking colostrum with Brix% = 23 ± standard deviation (SD) 2] or low-quality colostrum (LQC, mixed colostrum and transition milk with Brix% = 12 ± 1) to create 4 treatments: E-HQC, E-LQC, L-HQC, and L-LQC (n = 10/treatment). After collection, calves (body weight = 32.3 ± 4.6 kg/calf) were fed either HQC or LQC (7.5% of their arrival body weight per feed) for the first 3 (L calves) or 4 feedings (E calves). All calves were then managed and fed similarly using automatic feeders which recorded individual intake of milk replacer and calf starter. Blood samples were taken at d 1 (after collection from dams but before colostrum feeding), 4, 14, and 35 of age to analyze selected metabolites. All calves were killed at d 35 ± 2 of age and histomorphology of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was evaluated. At collection, 75% of E calves and 58% of L calves had serum total protein ≤52 g/L. At d 4 of age, calves fed HQC had greater serum total protein than calves fed LQC; however, failure of passive transfer (serum total protein ≤52 g/L) incidence did not differ between HQC and LQC. Collection time did not affect the scouring duration, but the amount of electrolyte used to treat sick calves was lower in L versus E calves, whereas feeding HQC versus LQC lowered both the scouring duration and electrolyte use to treat sick calves. Calves fed HQC had a greater total surface area of the duodenum (+23%) and jejunum (+17%) compared with LQC calves. Duodenal crypts were deeper in E-LQC calves than E-HQC and L-HQC calves, whereas L-LQC calves were intermediate. Villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was greater in HQC than LQC calves. A trend toward greater average daily gain was observed in HQC versus LQC calves (667 vs. 590 g/d) but the average daily gain was not influenced by collection time. Serum IGF-1 at d 4 was higher in HQC versus LQC calves and this might have contributed to greater average daily gain and small intestine development. Calves fed HQC had higher feed conversion ratios (FCR; total body weight gain/total dry matter intake) compared with LQC calves, and L calves had higher FCR compared with E calves. In conclusion, in comparison to feeding LQC, feeding HQC reduced the scouring duration, enhanced surface area of duodenum and jejunum, and improved FCR during the first 5 wk of calf age. Postpartum collection time of calves did not affect small intestine development, but L calves had higher FCR and required a lesser volume of electrolytes to treat scours compared with E calves during the first 35 d of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van Keulen
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - S A McCoard
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - J Dijkstra
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - H Swansson
- Animal Health Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - M A Khan
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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Patel S, Khan MA. Thulium laser vapo-enucleation treatment for prostates >100 cc following urinary retention. Urologia 2021; 89:378-381. [PMID: 34313521 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211016325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Practical advantages of Thulium in the endoscopic treatment of BPH include its technical versatility, precision and safety, offering reduced need for haemostasis and risk of injury. Evidence has shown Holmium laser to be effective in the treatment of chronic retention, however no studies address the use of Thulium laser for larger prostates after urinary retention. OBJECTIVES We have selected this group in our retrospective analysis on the efficacy of Thulium laser vapo-enucleation for men with both urinary retention and large prostate volumes greater than 100 cc. METHODS We analysed a 10-year single centre operation database of 740 Thulium vapo-enucleation of prostates. An inclusion of 47 living patients with prostates over 100 cc who have undergone the procedure following urinary retention secondary to bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Patients were sub grouped into Group 1: 100-149 cc and Group 2: >150 cc. RESULTS Number of patients in sub groups 1 (n = 27) and 2 (n = 20) had mean prostate volumes of 116 and 173 cc respectively, with the largest measuring 234 cc. Mean resected volumes were 26 g (range 15-50.5 g) and 28 g (range 2-57 g). The overall trial without catheter (TWOC) pass rate for all patients in our series was 96% with comparable results between the two groups. Overall known early and late complication rates for all patients was 17% (UTI 13%, urosepsis 2%, AUR 2%) and 12.5% (failure 5%, OAB symptoms 5%, significant haematuria requiring surgical intervention 2.5%) respectively. Success of surgery was 96%, with an average follow-up of 5 months and no re-referrals for lower urinary tract symptoms following discharge. CONCLUSION We show the use of Thulium laser vapo-enucleation to be safe and effective in the treatment of retention for large prostates. Results have demonstrated signs of long-term efficacy with a low failure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Patel
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Masood A Khan
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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Sundaram MK, Khan MA, Alalami U, Somvanshi P, Bhardwaj T, Pramodh S, Raina R, Shekfeh Z, Haque S, Hussain A. Phytochemicals induce apoptosis by modulation of nitric oxide signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:11827-11844. [PMID: 33275255 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitric Oxide (NO) is produced by NO synthases (NOS) and is a key signaling molecule that regulates tumorigenesis, both aiding and alleviating it. Elevated NO levels are cytotoxic to cancer cells, making NOS an important target for cancer treatment. In the present study, the modulatory effects of the phytochemicals, quercetin, sulforaphane, genistein, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on NO pathway and apoptosis were shown in HeLa cervical cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were used to assess apoptosis. A Griess assay was used to quantitatively measure NO, quantitative PCR array was used to assess the expression levels of genes involved in the NO signaling pathway, and immunocytochemistry was used to determine NOS protein expression. The functional association among the modulated genes was evaluated using network biology analysis, gene set enrichment, and KEGG pathway analysis. RESULTS Treatment with the phytochemicals elevated NO levels in HeLa cells and modulated various genes involved in nitric oxide biosynthesis, superoxide metabolism, and oxidative stress, including NOS1, NOS2, NOS3, ALOX12, and SOD2, with a concomitant increase in NOS2 and NOS3 protein expression levels; also, the phytochemicals were found to induce apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the phytochemical-induced cell death is partially attributed to the activation of the NO pathway and upregulation of pro-oxidant ROS generators. Further experimental studies are required to explore this mechanistic association of NO signaling pathway activation and induction of apoptosis in other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Sundaram
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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Mousa AM, Almatroudi A, Alwashmi AS, Abdulmonem WA, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, Abdellatif AAH, Khan A, Khan MA, Alshabrmi FM, Alruwetei A, Aljasir M, Aba Alkhayl FF, Rahmani AH, Rugaie OA, Alnuqaydan AM, Alsagaby SA, Aldakheel FM, Almatroodi SA. Thyme oil alleviates Ova-induced bronchial asthma through modulating Th2 cytokines, IgE, TSLP and ROS. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111726. [PMID: 34111725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous allergic respiratory disease with diverse inflammatory symptoms, pathology, and responses to treatment. Thyme is a natural product which is consisted of multiple phenolic compounds of therapeutic significance for treatment of cough and bronchitis. This study evaluated the efficacy of thyme oil against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced BA in an experimental rabbit model. Forty male rabbits were divided into four equal groups [control group (G1), OVA (G2), thyme oil (G3), and OVA plus thyme oil (G4)]. Animals were treated for 30 days, and clinical, histopathological (HP), histochemical (HC), immunohistochemical (IHC), morphometric, biochemical and flow cytometry methods were performed, followed by statistical analysis. All used methods revealed normal structure of the lung tissues in rabbits of G1 and G3. In contrast, the clinical examination of G2 rabbits revealed an obvious increase in the respiratory rate, sneezing and wheezing, whereas the HP, HC and IHC techniques exhibited substantial inflammatory changes in the peribronchio-vascular lung tissues with thinning, degeneration, apoptosis (using the TUNEL assay), necrosis, and shedding of the airway epithelium. Furthermore, the morphometric results confirmed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory cells, goblet cells, eosinophils and apoptotic cells from (12, 0, 2, 2 cells) to (34,10, 16, 18 cells) respectively, as well as the area percentage of collagen fiber deposition and immunoexpression of eotaxin-1/10 high power fields. Additionally, the biochemical results revealed significant increases in the serum levels of TSLP, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IgE and eotaxin-1 cytokines from (140, 40, 15, 38, 120, 100, 48) pg./ml to (360, 270, 130, 85, 365, 398, 110) pg./ml respectively, while analysis of ROS by flow cytometry revealed remarkable oxidative stress effects in G2 rabbits. On the other hand, treatment of rabbits with thyme oil in G4 substantially alleviated all OVA-induced alterations. Overall, our findings indicate for the first time that thyme oil can ameliorate OVA-induced BA via its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects on the lung tissues of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Alshabrmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulmohsen Alruwetei
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris F Aba Alkhayl
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suliman A Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
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Anwar S, Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Khan MA, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Natural Products: Implication in Cancer Prevention and Treatment through Modulating Various Biological Activities. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:2025-2040. [PMID: 32628596 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200705220307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most leading causes of death worldwide. It is one of the primary global diseases that cause morbidity and mortality in millions of people. It is usually caused by different carcinogenic agents that damage the genetic material and alter the cell signaling pathways. Carcinogens are classified into two groups as genotoxic and non-genotoxic agents. Genotoxic carcinogens are capable of directly altering the genetic material, while the non-genotoxic carcinogens are capable of producing cancer by some secondary mechanisms not related to direct gene damage. There is undoubtedly the greatest need to utilize some novel natural products as anticancer agents, as these are within reach everywhere. Interventions by some natural products aimed at decreasing the levels and conditions of these risk factors can reduce the frequency of cancer incidences. Cancer is conventionally treated by surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but such treatments may be fast-acting and causes adverse effects on normal tissues. Alternative and innovative methods of cancer treatment with the least side effects and improved efficiency are being encouraged. In this review, we discuss the different risk factors of cancer development, conventional and innovative strategies of its management and provide a brief review of the most recognized natural products used as anticancer agents globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
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Seifi HA, Huzzey JM, Khan MA, Weary DM, von Keyserlingk MAG. Corrigendum to "Addition of straw to the early-lactation diet: Effects on feed intake, milk yield, and subclinical ketosis in Holstein cows" (J. Dairy Sci. 104:3008-3017). J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7343. [PMID: 34016372 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-104-6-7343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Allemailem KS, Alnuqaydan AM, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi F, Aljaghwani A, Khalilullah H, Younus H, Khan A, Khan MA. Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Thymoquinone-Loaded Liposomes against Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050677. [PMID: 34066874 PMCID: PMC8151670 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the activity of free thymoquinone (TQ) or liposomal thymoquinone (Lip-TQ) in comparison to standard antibiotic amoxicillin (AMX) against the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. A liposomal formulation of TQ was prepared and characterized and its toxicity was evaluated by analyzing the hematological, liver and kidney function parameters. TQ was effective against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant A. baumannii as shown by the findings of drug susceptibility testing and time kill kinetics. Moreover, the therapeutic efficacy of TQ or Lip-TQ against A. baumannii was assessed by the survival rate and the bacterial load in the lung tissues of treated mice. The mice infected with drug-sensitive A. baumannii exhibited a 90% survival rate on day 30 post treatment with Lip-TQ at a dose of 10 mg/kg, whereas the mice treated with AMX (10 mg/kg) had a 100% survival rate. On the other hand, the mice infected with drug-resistant A. baumannii had a 70% survival rate in the group treated with Lip-TQ, whereas AMX was ineffective against drug-resistant A. baumannii and all the mice died within day 30 after the treatment. Moreover, Lip-TQ treatment effectively reduced the bacterial load in the lung tissues of the mice infected with the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant A. baumannii. Moreover, the blood of the mice treated with Lip-TQ had reduced levels of inflammation markers, leukocytes and neutrophils. The results of the present study suggest that Lip-TQ may prove to be an effective therapeutic formulation in the treatment of the drug-sensitive or drug-resistant A. baumannii infection as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Aseel Aljaghwani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (A.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Masood A. Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-507059437; Fax: +966-63801628
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Lyan NA, Khan MA, Turova EA, Ivanova II, Petrova MS, Bokova IA. [Medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2021; 98:70-78. [PMID: 33899455 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20219802170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medical rehabilitation of children suffering from bronchial asthma is based on the complex use of natural therapeutic factors, drug, non-drug therapy and other methods in order to achieve control over the disease and long-term remission. The use of non-drug technologies is necessary taking into account the pathogenesis of the bronchial asthma development and is aimed at relieving bronchospasm, reducing the activity of allergic inflammation in the bronchi, improving their drainage function, strengthening the respiratory muscles and increasing exercise tolerance. When carrying out rehabilitation measures it is important to observe the basic principles of medical rehabilitation. An individual medical rehabilitation program is drawn up taking into account the assessment of the child's clinical condition at each stage with the diagnosis of the initial rehabilitation status, the establishment of a rehabilitation diagnosis and an assessment of the rehabilitation potential. The article presents the data of the analysis of scientific publications and our own research allowing to draw up an algorithm for the formation of an individual program of medical rehabilitation for children with bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Lyan
- Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Khan
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,N.F. Filatov Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Turova
- Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - I I Ivanova
- The Chief Medical Department of the RF President's Administration, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Petrova
- The Chief Medical Department of the RF President's Administration, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Bokova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Alrumaihi FA, Khan MA, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Younus H, Alsuhaibani SA, Algahtani M, Khan A. Methanolic Fenugreek Seed Extract Induces p53-Dependent Mitotic Catastrophe in Breast Cancer Cells, Leading to Apoptosis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1511-1535. [PMID: 33889009 PMCID: PMC8057839 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s300025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The plant Trigonella foenum-graecum, well-known as fenugreek, has been shown to control type-2 diabetes, the level of cholesterol, inflammation of wounds, disorders related to gastrointestinal tracts, and cancer as well. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of methanolic fenugreek seed extract (FSE) and its possible molecular mechanism of action in breast cancer cells. Methods The anticancer potential of FSE was evaluated in MCF-7 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells through various cellular assays after selecting the IC10, IC25, IC35, and IC50 doses by the cell cytotoxicity assay. Furthermore, the oral acute toxicity of FSE was examined in mice, according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Results FSE exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity, as the IC50 was found to be 150 and 40 μg/mL for MCF-7 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells, respectively. The cytological observations showed the typical apoptotic morphology in both of the breast cancer cells upon treatment with FSE, as it inhibited the migration and adhesion, in a dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that FSE induced a significant shift from G2/M, and polyploidy (>G) at higher concentrations that suggested the activation of p53-mediated mitotic catastrophe, consequently leading to apoptosis. FSE induced a significant increase in the mitochondrial depolarization, ROS as well as a Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and also exhibited the mitochondrial associated p53 signaling pathway. The in vivo acute toxicity data revealed that the oral administration of FSE did not induce any toxic effect in mice. Conclusion This study, for the first time, reports the mechanistic details of the anti-cancer potential of FSE. It requires a detailed analysis to understand the effect of FSE to induce the apoptosis through the multiple signaling pathways at varying concentrations. The nontoxic effect of FSE in mice suggests to utilize it safely for pharmaceutical formulations in different cancer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris A Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sultan A Alsuhaibani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Rahman MA, Khan MA, Akter MR, Islam MA, Khan MK. Proportion of Low Back Pain among Physicians Working in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:262-266. [PMID: 33830101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem and is an important public health issue. A major proportion of LBP is concomitant with prolong and repetitive awkward postures, related with occupation like miners, health workers and professional drivers. Physicians are exposed to a wide range of occupational risk factors which results in LBP. A variety of occupational and personal factors are responsible for increased risk of low back pain among physicians. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2018 to June 2018, to estimate the proportion of LBP among physicians. Data were collected from purposively selected 102 physicians of different levels by face to face interview using a case record form. Informed written consent of participants was taken prior to interview. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. The study results revealed that majority (60.8%) of the physicians were in the age group of 31-50 years. Mean age of the physicians was 49.9 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 3.61 years. More than three fourth (79, 77.5%) of the physicians were male and 23(22.5%) were female. Out of 102 physicians more than two third (70, 68.6%) had LBP while 32(31.4%) did not have any LBP. Proportion of low back pain among physician was 68.6%. Low back pain was found in all age group. Among the physicians having low back pain, 55(78.6%) were male and 15(21.4%) were female. Among 102 physicians, 45(44.1%) had different types of comorbidities while 57(55.9%) did not have any comorbidities. Among the co-morbidities HTN, DM, Dyslipidemia, CHD and asthma were common. Results of the study concluded that 68.6% physicians had low back pain. Physicians of age group 31-60 years (88.5%) and male (78.6%) experienced LBP more. Further multi-centric large scale case control study is recommended to determine the risk factors of LBP among physicians of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rahman
- Dr Mohammad Azizur Rahman, Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Khan MA, Alam MK, Rahman MA, Biswas D, Razib AH, Pathan SU, Khan MK. Hyponatraemia in Adult Patients with Pneumonia in a Medical College Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:267-273. [PMID: 33830102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia is an acute on chronic infection involving the pulmonary parenchyma. Most cases are caused by microbial pathogens usually bacteria or viruses and less often fungi or parasites. Hyponatraemia on admission is associated with greater risk of death and increased length of hospital stays. Hyponatraemia is usually related to severe disease and specially occur in old aged people. This study is designed to identify proportion of hyponatraemia in patients with pneumonia and to determine the association of hyponatraemia with the severity of pneumonia. The cross sectional descriptive study was carried out at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2018 to December 2018. Data were collected from purposively selected 73 admitted patients with pneumonia by interview, clinical examination and laboratory investigations using a pre-tested case record form. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Quantitative variables were summarized by mean and standard deviation. On the other hand qualitative variables were summarized by percentage. Necessary bivariate analysis was done. Majority (68.5%) of the patients were in the age group of 21 years to 50 years. Mean age of the patients was 41.9 years with a SD of 17.4 years. More than three fourth (57, 78.1%) were male and 16(21.9%) were female. More than two third (51, 69.9%) of the patients were smoker and 45(61.6%) was abuse of chewable tobacco or ghul. All the patients had fever (73, 100.0%); 70(95.9%) had cough, 50(68.5%) had chest pain, 10(13.5%) had respiratory distress and 8(11.0%) had haemoptysis. Vomiting was present in 9(12.3%) patients and 3(4.1%) had impaired level of consciousness. About one third of patients (32, 43.8%) had comorbidities. On chest X-ray consolidation was found in 59(80.8%) of patients with pneumonia. In 35(47.9%) patients serum Na⁺ level was normal and 38(52.1%) had different level of hyponatraemia; 26(35.6%) patients had mild hyponatraemia, 7(9.6%) had moderate hyponatraemia and 5(6.8%) had severe hyponatraemia. Majority (58, 79.5%) had lobar pneumonia and 71(97.3%) had community acquired pneumonia. Severity of pneumonia was assessed according to CURB 65. Less than half (35, 47.9%) of the patients had mild (score 0-1) pneumonia; 33(45.2%) had moderate (score 2) pneumonia and 5(6.8%) patients had severe (score ≥3) pneumonia. Average duration of hospital stay was 6.5±3.2 days. Maximum (69, 94.5%) patients were cured after treatment. In case of 3(4.1%) patients pneumonia was unresolved. One (1.4%) patients died due to pneumonia. In this study hyponatraemia was not associated with the severity of pneumonia (p>0.05) and outcome on discharge from the hospital (p>0.05). Difference in mean duration of hospital stay between patients of pneumonia with or without hyponatraemia was not significant (>0.05). The study results revealed that 52.1% patients with pneumonia developed different level of hyponatraemia. Hyponatraemia was not associated with the severity of pneumonia, duration of hospital stay and outcome of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Dr Mohammed Amdad Ullah Khan, Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Nafees AA, Rabbani U, Razzaq S, Minai K, Khan MA, Naeem S, Fatmi Z, Burney P. Indoor air quality and its relationship with cluster type in urban Pakistani households. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:113-119. [PMID: 33656422 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the levels and predictors of formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in Karachi, Pakistan.METHODS: A total of 1629 households were selected through multistage cluster sampling in a community-based cross-sectional survey. Formaldehyde, NO₂ and CO levels were measured using YesAir Indoor air monitor and for PM2.5, UCB-PATS (University of California Berkeley Particle and Temperature Sensor) was used. Clusters were classified either as planned (areas of planned housing) or unplanned (informal settlements).RESULTS: We found the median concentrations to be as follows: formaldehyde, 0.03 ppm (IQR 0.00-0.090); CO, 0.00 ppm (IQR 0.00-1.00); NO₂, 0 ppm (IQR 0.00-0.00) and PM2.5, 0.278 mg/m³ (IQR 0.162-0.526). We found a significant association of the upper quartiles of formaldehyde and PM2.5 levels with type of cluster. The risk of obtaining formaldehyde and PM2.5 levels in the upper quartile was higher in unplanned clusters than in planned clusters (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 33.0, 95% CI 4.02-271.5 and aOR 0.10, 95% CI 0.001-0.16, respectively). No significant association was observed between levels of CO and cluster type (aOR 0.84, 95%CI 0.62-1.14).CONCLUSION: This study reports high levels of indoor air pollutants in Karachi, with considerable variation across planned vs. unplanned clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Nafees
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - U Rabbani
- Family Medicine Academy, Qassim Health Cluster, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Razzaq
- Department of Community Medicine, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - K Minai
- Universal Quality Solutions Inc, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi
| | - S Naeem
- CMH Institute of Medical Sciences, Bahawalpur
| | - Z Fatmi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - P Burney
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Saqib U, Khan MA, Alagumuthu M, Parihar SP, Baig MS. Natural compounds as antiatherogenic agents. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2021; 67:177-188. [PMID: 34817349 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a widespread pathological coronary heart disease (CHD), which, along with other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is the primary cause of global mortality. It is initiated by the accumulation of cholesterol-laden macrophages in the artery wall, thereby forming the foam-cells, the hallmark of AS. Increased influx of oxidized LDL and decreased efflux of free cholesterol from macrophages constitute major factors that mediate the progression of AS. Natural compounds treatment and prevention of AS being an effective approach for a long time. Currently, as interests in medicinally important natural products increased that including medicinal herbs, numerous studies on natural compounds effective forAS have been reported. In the current review, we shed light on the available plant-based natural compounds as AS modulators with underlying mechanisms that may lead to potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saqib
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Simrol, Indore, India.
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manikandan Alagumuthu
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Simrol, Indore, India.
| | - Suraj P Parihar
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Mirza S Baig
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Simrol, Indore, India.
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Jafari A, Azarfar A, Ghorbani GR, Mirzaei M, Khan MA, Omidi-Mirzaei H, Pakdel A, Ghaffari MH. Corrigendum to "Effects of physical forms of starter and milk allowance on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy calves" (J. Dairy Sci. 103:11300-11313). J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:2463. [PMID: 33453804 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-104-2-2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Seifi HA, Huzzey JM, Khan MA, Weary DM, von Keyserlingk MAG. Addition of straw to the early-lactation diet: Effects on feed intake, milk yield, and subclinical ketosis in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3008-3017. [PMID: 33455751 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated feed intake, milk yield, and subclinical ketosis in dairy cows in early lactation fed 2 different diets postpartum. Cows are typically offered a high-energy ration immediately after calving. We compared a conventional high-energy total mixed ration (TMR) with a transition ration that contained chopped straw. We predicted that adding chopped straw would increase dry matter intake, milk production, and indicators of energy metabolism during the first 3 wk of lactation compared to cows fed a conventional high-energy TMR. We also predicted that carryover effects would be likely for at least 2 wk after treatment ended. A total of 68 mixed-age Holstein cows were enrolled in the study 3 wk before their expected calving. All cows were managed on a single high-forage diet during the dry period. At calving, cows were allocated to 1 of the 2 diets: half to the conventional high-energy TMR (CTMR; n = 34; net energy for lactation = 1.61 Mcal/kg; neutral detergent fiber = 31.7%), and the other half to a high-forage TMR containing chopped wheat straw, equivalent to 4.27% dry matter (STMR; n = 34; net energy for lactation = 1.59 Mcal/kg; neutral detergent fiber = 33.7%) for 3 wk after calving. Cows on STMR were then shifted to CTMR for the next 2 wk to study short-term residual effects on the performance of cows. Treatments were balanced for parity, body condition score, and body weight. Feed intake was measured daily from 2 wk before to 5 wk after calving using automatic feed bins. Blood was sampled twice weekly from 2 wk before to 5 wk after calving, and β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose were measured in serum samples. Subclinical ketosis was identified using a threshold of β-hydroxybutyrate ≥1.0 mmol/L in wk 1 after calving and ≥1.2 mmol/L in wk 2 to 5 after calving. Cows were milked twice daily, and weekly samples (composite samples of morning and afternoon milkings) were analyzed to determine total solids, fat, protein, lactose, and somatic cell count. Data were analyzed in 2 separate periods: the treatment phase (wk +1, +2, and +3) and the post-treatment phase (wk +4 and +5). The addition of straw to the TMR negatively affected the dry matter intake of STMR cows during wk 2 and 3 of lactation. Daily milk yield during the first 5 wk of lactation was lower in STMR cows than in CTMR cows. Concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate were higher in CTMR cows than in STMR cows during wk 1, but this effect was reversed during wk 2 and 3 of lactation. By 21 d in milk, STMR cows had a greater risk of developing subclinical ketosis than CTMR cows. Adding chopped wheat straw to the TMR during the first 21 d after calving lowered dry matter intake and provided no metabolic or production benefits to lactating dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam A Seifi
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-48974, Iran
| | - Julianna M Huzzey
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407
| | - M A Khan
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd., Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - Daniel M Weary
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Marina A G von Keyserlingk
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Abdullah Z, Kumar A, Khan MA, Kumar U, Vyas S, Vishwakarma VK, Ranjan P, Biswas A, Wig N. The Interplay of Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs and Tuberculin Skin Test. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2021; 16:350-356. [PMID: 33390147 DOI: 10.2174/1574884715999201231201538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to determine whether synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) suppress the latency of Tuberculosis (TB) infection in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients along with other variables. METHODS This was done through Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) using purified protein derivative (PPD) in a cohort of RA patients. The TST was taken positive when induration post-PPD injection was ≥ 5mm and negative or anergic when it was < 5mm. We included 100 patients (N = 100). RESULTS The prevalence of positive TST was 36%, while 64% presented a negative result. Negative TST was significantly associated with steroid usage (39.4%, 95% CI: 28.4%-51.4%). Anergic (TST negative) and non-anergic (TST positive) patients were separated into groups, and a new analysis was conducted with elaboration on DMARDs used. CONCLUSION The use of steroids was associated with TST negativity, The same is not true with use of methotrexate or other DMARDs. Thus TST should be interpreted with caution, especially before starting biologicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Abdullah
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Uma Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Surabhi Vyas
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Vishal K Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Ashutosh Biswas
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Naveet Wig
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
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Khan MA, Chubarova AI, Degtyareva MG, Mikitchenko NA, Rumyantseva MV, Kuyantseva LV. [Modern non-drug technologies for medical rehabilitation of children with consequences of perinatal affection of the central nervous system]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2020; 97:50-58. [PMID: 33307663 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20209706150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The article is devoted to the issues of medical rehabilitation of children with consequences of perinatal affection of the central nervous system (CNS). An important and principal aspect of the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal pathology is the minimization of drugs, in this regard, in children in the first year of life, the leading role is given to non-drug methods of exposure. Among the important challenges of the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal pathology are: improvement of blood supply and metabolic processes in the brain tissue, normalization of the central and peripheral regulation of muscle tone, improvement of neuromuscular conduction, stimulation of psychomotor development. In this case, kinesitherapy technologies are of leading importance: massotherapy, therapeutic exercises, reflex kinesitherapy according to V. Vojta; fitball gymnastics, method of fine finger training, dry floatation, etc. Along with physical rehabilitation methods, physiotherapy methods are actively used, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment. The analysis of the literature showed that the use of modern non-drug technologies in children with perinatal CNS pathology, and their introduction into practice can significantly increase the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of such children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Children's hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Center for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Chubarova
- Children's hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M G Degtyareva
- Children's hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Mikitchenko
- Moscow Center for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Rumyantseva
- Moscow Center for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Kuyantseva
- Moscow Center for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
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