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Hu SJ, Ning T, Fu DY, Haack RA, Zhang Z, Chen DD, Ma XY, Ye H. Dispersal of the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in mainland China as inferred from molecular data and associations to indices of human activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57568. [PMID: 23469026 PMCID: PMC3585188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is an important forest pest as well as the principal vector of the pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer), in mainland China. Despite the economic importance of this insect-disease complex, only a few studies are available on the population genetic structure of M. alternatus and the relationship between its historic dispersal pattern and various human activities. The aim of the present study was to further explore aspects of human activity on the population genetic structure of M. alternatus in mainland China. The molecular data based on the combined mitochondrial cox1 and cox2 gene fragments from 140 individuals representing 14 Chinese populations yielded 54 haplotypes. Overall, a historical (natural) expansion that originated from China's eastern coast to the western interior was revealed by the haplotype network, as well as several recent, long-distant population exchanges. Correlation analysis suggested that regional economic status and proximity to marine ports significantly influenced the population genetic structure of M. alternatus as indicated by both the ratio of shared haplotypes and the haplotype diversity, however, the PWN distribution in China was significantly correlated with only the ratio of shared haplotypes. Our results suggested that the modern logistical network (i.e., the transportation system) in China is a key medium by which humans have brought about population exchange of M. alternatus in mainland China, likely through inadvertent movement of infested wood packaging material associated with trade, and that this genetic exchange was primarily from the economically well-developed east coast of China, westward, to the less-developed interior. In addition, this study demonstrated the existence of non-local M. alternatus in new PWN-infested localities in China, but not all sites with non-local M. alternatus were infested with PWN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-ji Hu
- Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Tiao Ning
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of Higher Education in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Da-ying Fu
- Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Robert A. Haack
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China
| | - De-dao Chen
- Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-yu Ma
- Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Avtzis DN, Bertheau C, Stauffer C. What is Next in Bark Beetle Phylogeography? INSECTS 2012; 3:453-72. [PMID: 26466538 PMCID: PMC4553605 DOI: 10.3390/insects3020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bark beetle species within the scolytid genera Dendroctonus, Ips, Pityogenes and Tomicus are known to cause extensive ecological and economical damage in spruce and pine forests during epidemic outbreaks all around the world. Dendroctonus ponderosae poses the most recent example having destroyed almost 100,000 km² of conifer forests in North America. The success and effectiveness of scolytid species lies mostly in strategies developed over the course of time. Among these, a complex system of semiochemicals promotes the communication and aggregation on the spot of infestation facilitating an en masse attack against a host tree's defenses; or an association with fungi that evolved either in the form of nutrition (ambrosia fungi) or even by reducing the resistance of host trees (blue-stain fungi). Although often specific to a tree genus or species, some bark beetles are polyphagous and have the ability to switch on to new hosts and extend their host range (i.e., between conifer genera such as Pityogenes chalcographus or even from conifer to deciduous trees as Polygraphus grandiclava). A combination of these capabilities in concert with life history or ecological traits explains why bark beetles are considered interesting subjects in evolutionary studies. Several bark beetle species appear in phylogeographic investigations, in an effort to improve our understanding of their ecology, epidemiology and evolution. In this paper investigations that unveil the phylogeographic history of bark beetles are reviewed. A close association between refugial areas and postglacial migration routes that insects and host trees have followed in the last 15,000 BP has been suggested in many studies. Finally, a future perspective of how next generation sequencing will influence the resolution of phylogeographic patterns in the coming years is presented. Utilization of such novel techniques will provide a more detailed insight into the genome of scolytids facilitating at the same time the application of neutral and non-neutral markers. The latter markers in particular promise to enhance the study of eco-physiological reaction types like the so-called pioneer beetles or obligate diapausing individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios N Avtzis
- Forest Research Institute, N.AG.RE.F., Vassilika, Thessaloniki 57006, Greece.
| | - Coralie Bertheau
- Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christian Stauffer
- Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
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Hausner G, Iranpour M, Kim JJ, Breuil C, Davis C, Gibb E, Reid J, Loewen P, Hopkin A. Fungi vectored by the introduced bark beetle Tomicus piniperda in Ontario, Canada, and comments on the taxonomy of Leptographium lundbergii, Leptographium terebrantis, Leptographium truncatum, and Leptographium wingfieldii. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1139/b05-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungi isolated from Tomicus piniperda (L.) galleries in infected trap logs, standing trees, and directly from insects were identified using morphological features and molecular data obtained from the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA region. Identified strains represented Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet, Leptographium procerum (Kendr.) Wingf., Leptographium lundbergii Lag. & Melin sensu Jacobs & Wingfield, Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) Nannf., Ophiostoma minus (Hedg.) H. & P. Syd., and Sphaeropsis sapinea sensu lato. Leptographium wingfieldii is believed to be a potentially pathogenic introduced fungus, but sequence data suggest a possible connection between it and the teleomorph of Ophiostoma aureum (Robinson-Jeffrey & Davids.) T.C. Harrington (reported from British Columbia and the western United States). Our data also show that the ex-type culture of Leptographium terebrantis Barras & Perry, a species very similar morphologically to L. wingfieldii, also grouped with L. wingfieldii. We also identified strains of Leptographium truncatum (Wingf. & Marasas) Wingf.; this species has been synonymized with L. lundbergii, but our data indicate that these are distinct species, and therefore, the name L. truncatum should be reinstated. We also report the extended presence of L. procerum in Ontario. Previously viewed as a “southern” species frequently associated with pine-root decline diseases, it has been infrequently reported from New York state and but once each from Ontario and Quebec.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Hausner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Iranpour
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - J.-J. Kim
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C. Breuil
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C.N. Davis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - E.A. Gibb
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - J. Reid
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - P.C. Loewen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A.A. Hopkin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Kerdelhué C, Roux-Morabito G, Forichon J, Chambon JM, Robert A, Lieutier F. Population genetic structure of Tomicus piniperda L. (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) on different pine species and validation of T. destruens (Woll.). Mol Ecol 2002; 11:483-94. [PMID: 11918783 DOI: 10.1046/j.0962-1083.2002.01460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetic diversity and population structure of Tomicus piniperda was assessed using mitochondrial sequences on 16 populations sampled on 6 pine species in France. Amplifications of Internal transcribed space 1 (ITS1) were also performed. Our goals were to determine the taxonomic status of the Mediterranean ecotype T. piniperda destruens, and to test for host plant or geographical isolation effect on population genetic structure. We showed that T. piniperda clusters in two mtDNA haplotypic groups. Clade A corresponds to insects sampled in continental France on Pinus sylvestris, P. pinaster and P. uncinata, whereas clade B gathers the individuals sampled in Corsica on P. pinaster and P. radiata and in continental France on P. pinea and P. halepensis. Insects belonging to clade A and clade B also consistently differ in the length of ITS1. Individuals belonging to both clades were found once in sympatry on P. pinaster. Genetic distances between clades are similar to those measured between distinct species of Tomicus. We concluded that clade B actually corresponds to the destruens ecotype and forms a good species, T. destruens. Analyses of molecular variance ( amova ) were conducted separately on T. destruens and T. piniperda to test for an effect of either geographical isolation or host species. Interestingly, the effect of host plant was significant for T. piniperda only, while the effect of geographical isolation was not. Pine species therefore seems to act as a significant barrier to gene flow, even if host race formation is not observed. These results still need to be confirmed by nuclear markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Kerdelhué
- INRA, Laboratoire de Zoologie forestière, Route de la Pomme de Pin, BP 20619 Ardon, F-45166 Olivet cedex, France.
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Naber N, El Bouhssini M, Labhilili M, Udupa SM, Nachit MM, Baum M, Lhaloui S, Benslimane A, El Abbouyi H. Genetic variation among populations of the Hessian fly Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Morocco and Syria. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2000; 90:245-252. [PMID: 10996865 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485300000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The RAPD-PCR technique was used to study genetic variation within and among geographical populations of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), from Morocco and Syria, associated with the fly's ability to overcome resistance in three wheat cultivars containing H5, H13 and H22 resistance genes. Variation was detected both for the level of susceptibility of the cultivars and RAPD profiles of M. destructor populations. By the use of RAPD-PCR, high genetic variability was detected among individuals and populations of M. destructor within and between areas separated geographically. The DNA fingerprints of populations of M. destructor were area-specific with Nei's measures of genetic distance ranging from 0.156 (between Abda and Beni Mellal, Morocco) to 1.977 (between Marchouch, Morocco and Lattakia, Syria). Cluster analysis of the genetic distances among the populations, identified the Syrian population as an outlier. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.81) observed between the genetic and geographic distances among the populations, provided genetic support for dispersal of the fly from its presumed origin in West Asia to Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Naber
- Faculty of Science, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Yoshida N, Nobe R, Yamada T, Ogawa K, Murooka Y. Origin of fan palm (Livistona chinensis R. Br. var. subglobosa Becc.) in Aoshima, Japan. J Biosci Bioeng 2000; 90:447-52. [PMID: 16232888 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(01)80017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/1999] [Accepted: 07/24/2000] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
RAPD and RFLP analyses were carried out to determine the origin of Livistona chinensis R. Br. var. subglobosa Becc. from Iriomotejima, Ishigakijima, Okinawa, Yakushima, Tanegashima, Cape Sata, Cape Toi, Tsukishima, and Aoshima, Japan. RAPD data obtained using 5 random primers were clustered using UPGMA or the neighbor-joining method. Each population was classified into three clusters based on the phylogenetic tree. L. chinensis plants from Yakushima, Tanegashima and Cape Sata belonged to the isologous cluster, and those from Ishigakijima and Okinawa are contained in a different cluster. L. chinensis from Okinawa and Ishigakijima could be differentiated by being the oldest based on the genetic distance. The area that covers Ishigakijima and Okinawa is thought to be the origin of L. chinensis. L. chinensis plants from Iriomotejima were contained in the same cluster as those from Aoshima. The phylogenetic trees constructed by both RAPD and RFLP analyses indicate the possibility that seeds or green woods of L. chinensis were dispersed by tidal current from the south field around Irlomotejima, and they were washed to Aoshima and established gradually. Therefore, we support the drifting-ashore-naturalized-plant hypothesis on the origin of L. chinensis in Aoshima.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki-shi 889-2192, Japan
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