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Zhao X, Chen X. A case of pseudohermaphroditism in a female with a giant pelvic chocolate cyst and absence of the right ovary. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 287:241-242. [PMID: 37394405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Zhao
- Graduate School of Qinghai University, Xining, China; Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Xianxia Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China.
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Kim K, Lee SH, Son CH, Park SI, Lee CM. Male pseudohermaphroditism with os clitoris in three dogs. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e59. [PMID: 31775186 PMCID: PMC6883199 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two American Cocker Spaniels and one Bichon Frise were presented to our veterinary teaching hospital with an enlarged clitoris. Diagnostic imaging showed that the structure was composed of bony material. Exploratory laparotomy revealed uterine-like structures and testes which had an epididymis unilaterally. Surgical removal of internal genitalia, gonads and protruded clitoris were performed well. Histological evaluation revealed; inactive testes, female internal genital tracts with ambisexual ductal remnants, and prominent ossification in the clitoris. All 3 cases were diagnosed with male pseudohermaphroditism. In author's knowledge, this is the first report in Bichon Frise dog with os clitoris and also, it describes not common cases in small dog breeds with os clitoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Son
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sang Ik Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61187, Korea.
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
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Pérez-Gutiérrez JF, Monteagudo LV, Rodríguez-Bertos A, García-Pérez E, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, García-Botey C, Whyte A, de la Muela MS. Bilateral Ovotestes in a 78, XX SRY-Negative Beagle Dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2015; 51:267-71. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a disorder of the sexual development in a beagle dog resulting in an intersex condition. A 6 mo old beagle was presented for evaluation of a protruding structure from the vulva consistent with an enlarged clitoris. Ultrasonographic examination revealed the presence of both gonadal and uterine structures. Retrograde cystourethrovaginogram showed the presence of an os clitoris and severe vaginal stenosis. Histological studies revealed the presence of bilateral ovotestes and uterus. The gonad had interstitial cells within seminiferous-like tubules lined only with Sertoli cells and abundant interstitial cells among primordial, primary, and secondary follicles. Hormone assays completed before and after gonadohysterectomy showed an elevation in the levels of progesterone and dihydrotestosterone that returned to baseline 3 mo after surgery. Testosterone levels that were within the male reference ranges before surgery decreased to basal levels postsurgically. 17-β-Estradiol levels showed little variation and values were always within the reference ranges for a male. Cytogenetic analysis showed a normal female karyotype (2n = 78, XX) and polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the absence of the sex-determining region Y gene. In summary, the dog presented bilateral ovotestes and a 2n = 78, XX chromosomal complement lacking the sex determining region Y gene, consistent with a diagnosis of true hermaphroditism.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F. Pérez-Gutiérrez
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Luís V. Monteagudo
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Enrique García-Pérez
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - María J. Sánchez-Calabuig
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Concepción García-Botey
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Ana Whyte
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
| | - Mercedes Sánchez de la Muela
- From the Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.P-G, A.R-B, E.G-P, M.S-C, C.G-B, M.SdlM); and Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética (L.M.) and Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain (A.W.)
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A rare adolescent case of female pseudohermaphroditism with adrenocortical carcinoma and synchronous teratoma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2013; 35:e183-6. [PMID: 23528907 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e318286d112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A patient with female pseudohermaphroditism is chromosomally and gonadally a female individual but has male or ambiguous external genitalia. In this paper, we report a 12-year-old Chinese girl who was diagnosed with female pseudohermaphroditism characterized by clitoridauxe, hirsutism, acne, hypertension, and karyotype 46 XX. Computed tomography scan revealed a huge left abdominal mass with distant metastases to bilateral lungs and a concomitant pelvic teratoma. Because the left abdominal mass was unresectable, the patient underwent a biopsy of the abdominal mass and a radical resection of the pelvic teratoma. Histopathology confirmed that the left abdominal mass was an adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and the pelvic teratoma was a mature cystic teratoma originating from the left ovary. After surgery, the patient received a transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of ACC, combined with 2 g mitotane daily for systemic treatment. It was a pity that she died 8 months later after diagnosis. So far, as we know, the simultaneous occurrence of pseudohermaphroditism, ACC, and ovarian teratomas has not been reported in the literatures before.
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Buijtels J, de Gier J, Kooistra H, Grinwis G, Naan E, Zijlstra C, Okkens A. Disorders of sexual development and associated changes in the pituitary-gonadal axis in dogs. Theriogenology 2012; 78:1618-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Peer M, Neuhauser S, Klaus C, Kuiper H, Gruber AD, Distl O, Lischer C, Handler J. Laparoscopic Gonadectomy in Two Intersex Warmblood Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mastromonaco GF, Houck ML, Bergfelt DR. Disorders of sexual development in wild and captive exotic animals. Sex Dev 2011; 6:84-95. [PMID: 22004948 DOI: 10.1159/000332203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of sexual development (DSDs) are an increasing concern in both captive and free-ranging wildlife species. Partial or complete reduction in fertility that results from intersex conditions or gonadal dysgenesis is detrimental to the reproductive potential of wildlife populations, and consequently, to their long-term survival. Compared to the wealth of information available on humans and domestic species, a better understanding of the factors influencing sexual development in wildlife is essential for developing and improving population management or conservation plans. This review attempts to bring together the different facets of DSDs as studied in the fields of reproductive physiology, endocrinology, ecotoxicology, wildlife biology, and environmental health.
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Bigliardi E, Parma P, Peressotti P, De Lorenzi L, Wohlsein P, Passeri B, Jottini S, Cantoni AM. Clinical, genetic, and pathological features of male pseudohermaphroditism in dog. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:12. [PMID: 21255434 PMCID: PMC3036612 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Male pseudohermaphroditism is a sex differentiation disorder in which the gonads are testes and the genital ducts are incompletely masculinized. An 8 years old dog with normal male karyotype was referred for examination of external genitalia abnormalities. Adjacent to the vulva subcutaneous undescended testes were observed. The histology of the gonads revealed a Leydig and Sertoli cell neoplasia. The contemporaneous presence of testicular tissue, vulva, male karyotype were compatible with a male pseudohermaphrodite (MPH) condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bigliardi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Parma, Italy
| | - Pietro Parma
- Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Animal Science, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lisa De Lorenzi
- Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Animal Science, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Wohlsein
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Department of Pathology, Germany
| | - Benedetta Passeri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Jottini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cantoni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Parma, Italy
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Campos M, Moreno-Manzano V, García-Roselló M, García-Roselló E. SRY-Negative XX Sex Reversal in a French Bulldog. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:185-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Moriyama C, Tani M, Nibe K, Kitahara G, Haneda S, Matsui M, Miyake YI, Kamimura S. Two cases of bovine male pseudohermaphrodites with different endocrinological and pathological findings. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 72:507-10. [PMID: 20009424 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.09-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cases of bovine male pseudohermaphrodites (PH) were subjected for clinical investigation with transrectal ultrasonography, endocrinology with adoption of hCG-stimulation test, cytogenetics with analysis of sex chromosome and Y-specific DNA, and finally histological examination. Results were compared with normal calves. Case 1 was a 10-month-old calf with XX/XY chimeras, showing elevation of testosterone (T) levels, but no change in progesterone (P(4)) after hCG test, and possessed atrophied testes in the cavitas pelvis. Case 2 was an 18-month-old calf with SRY positive-XY chromosome, showing lower level of plasma T and P(4) after hCG test, and possessed atrophied testes and undifferentiated genital ducts. Both cases possessed female-like external genitalia with similar pathological findings, however endocrinological and cytogenetical aspects were different each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Moriyama
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
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Whyte A, Monteagudo LV, Díaz-Otero A, Lebrero ME, Tejedor MT, Falceto MV, Whyte J, Gallego M. Malformations of the epididymis, incomplete regression of the mesonephric tubules and hyperplasia of Leydig cells in canine persistence of Müllerian duct syndrome. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 115:328-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nowacka-Woszuk J, Nizanski W, Klimowicz M, Switonski M. Normal male chromosome complement and a lack of the SRY and SOX9 gene mutations in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 98:371-6. [PMID: 16737788 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 04/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this report we present a case of the male-to-female sex reversal syndrome in a Dachshund bitch. The animal was subjected for examination due to the enlargement of clitoris and male-type behaviour. The cytogenetic analysis (Giemsa staining and FISH with sex chromosome specific probes) revealed a normal male chromosome complement (78,XY). The molecular analysis of the SRY and SOX9 genes with the use of SSCP technique did not reveal any polymorphism. Blood testosterone concentration was low (0.75 ng/ml), thus the androgen insensitivity syndrome could be excluded. We suggest that this case may represent a persistent Müllerian duct syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nowacka-Woszuk
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Agricultural University of Poznan, Poland
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Elsinghorst TAM. First cases of animal diseases published in 2005. Vet Q 2005; 27:127-37. [PMID: 16238112 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2005.9695193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2003, Veterinary Quarterly started with the publication of a series of articles reviewing reports on "first cases" of animal diseases. Till now six articles have been published. They were arranged in order of animal species. Each article concerned only one species. Starting at this seventh publication, each article discusses "first cases" on more than one animal species. In this article 15 cases published in 2005 are discussed: one in birds, two in cats, three in cattle, four in dogs, two in goats, one in hares, and two in horses. Of each case a short introduction, the bibliographical data of the publication, the abstract of the author(s) (except one case) and some additional information (mainly) derived from the article are given.
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Kuiper H, Bunck C, Günzel-Apel AR, Drögemüller C, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Distl O. SRY-negative XX sex reversal in a Jack Russell Terrier: a case report. Vet J 2005; 169:116-7. [PMID: 15683773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2003.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kuiper
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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Takagi M, Yamagishi N, Oboshi K, Kageyama S, Hirayama H, Minamihashi A, Sasaki M, Wijayagunawardane MPB. A female pseudohermaphrodite Holstein heifer with gonadal mosaicism. Theriogenology 2005; 63:60-71. [PMID: 15589273 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2003] [Accepted: 03/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 11-month-old Holstein heifer diagnosed as a female pseudohermaphrodite (PH) was subjected to clinical, hormonal, histological, and cytogenetic examinations. The urogenital sinus and external genitalia of the heifer were virilized and no vulval orifice was present. A male urethra-like tubular structure was palpable in the perineal area; urination occurred through a urethral fossa at the distal end of the urethra (cranial aspect of the mammary tissue). Bilateral ovaries and uterine horns, ovarian follicular development, ovulation and CL formation (with increasing blood P4 concentration) were similar to a normal heifer. Testosterone (T) concentrations of all samples collected both before and after hCG challenge were <0.1 ng/mL (absence of a responsive endogenous androgen source). Histologically, the ovary, uterus, oviduct and vagina resembled the normal female reproductive tract. Although the corpus cavernosum was present, the penile urethra and corpus spongiosum penis were hypoplastic. A normal female karyotype (60, XX) was detected in metaphase spreads obtained from cultured peripheral lymphocytes. Moreover, Y-chromosome-specific sequences were not detected in genomic DNA from lymphocytes. By PCR analysis of genomic DNA (from the tissues of urogenital organs), Y-chromosome-specific sequences (both SRY and Amelogenin (Amel) locus) were detected. In conclusion, this was a female PH heifer due to gonadal mosaicism, with normal female genitalia and ovarian activity. This is the first report of an SRY-positive, mosaic female PH heifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Takagi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan.
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