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Kanazawa Y, Miyachi R, Higuchi T, Sato H. Effects of Aging on Collagen in the Skeletal Muscle of Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13121. [PMID: 37685934 PMCID: PMC10487623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging affects several tissues in the body, including skeletal muscle. Multiple types of collagens are localized in the skeletal muscle and contribute to the maintenance of normal muscle structure and function. Since the effects of aging on muscle fibers vary by muscle fiber type, it is expected that the effects of aging on intramuscular collagen might be influenced by muscle fiber type. In this study, we examined the effect of aging on collagen levels in the soleus (slow-twitch muscle) and gastrocnemius (fast-twitch muscle) muscles of 3-, 10-, 24-, and 28-month-old male C57BL/6J mice using molecular and morphological analysis. It was found that aging increased collagen I, III, and VI gene expression and immunoreactivity in both slow- and fast-twitch muscles and collagen IV expression in slow-twitch muscles. However, collagen IV gene expression and immunoreactivity in fast-twitch muscle were unaffected by aging. In contrast, the expression of the collagen synthesis marker heat shock protein 47 in both slow- and fast-twitch muscles decreased with aging, while the expression of collagen degradation markers increased with aging. Overall, these results suggest that collagen gene expression and immunoreactivity are influenced by muscle fiber type and collagen type and that the balance between collagen synthesis and degradation tends to tilt toward degradation with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kanazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Ryo Miyachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Settsu 566-8501, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Hiaki Sato
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
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Kanazawa Y, Ikeda-Matsuo Y, Sato H, Nagano M, Koinuma S, Takahashi T, Suzuki H, Miyachi R, Shigeyoshi Y. Effects of Obesity in Old Age on the Basement Membrane of Skeletal Muscle in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119209. [PMID: 37298161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging are known to affect the skeletal muscles. Obesity in old age may result in a poor basement membrane (BM) construction response, which serves to protect the skeletal muscle, thus making the skeletal muscle more vulnerable. In this study, older and young male C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups, each fed a high-fat or regular diet for eight weeks. A high-fat diet decreased the relative gastrocnemius muscle weight in both age groups, and obesity and aging individually result in a decline in muscle function. Immunoreactivity of collagen IV, the main component of BM, BM width, and BM-synthetic factor expression in young mice on a high-fat diet were higher than that in young mice on a regular diet, whereas such changes were minimal in obese older mice. Furthermore, the number of central nuclei fibers in obese older mice was higher than in old mice fed a regular diet and young mice fed a high-fat diet. These results suggest that obesity at a young age promotes skeletal muscle BM formation in response to weight gain. In contrast, this response is less pronounced in old age, suggesting that obesity in old age may lead to muscle fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kanazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1180, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yuri Ikeda-Matsuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1181, Japan
| | - Hiaki Sato
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1180, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nagano
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koinuma
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1181, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Suzuki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1181, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1180, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Shigeyoshi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan
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Kanazawa Y, Takahashi T, Higuchi T, Miyachi R, Nagano M, Koinuma S, Shigeyoshi Y. Effects of stretching on the basement membrane structure in the soleus muscle of Wistar rats. Med Mol Morphol 2023; 56:11-19. [PMID: 36107241 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The basement membrane (BM), mainly composed of collagen IV, plays an important role in the maintenance, protection, and recovery of muscle fibers. Collagen IV expression is maintained by the balance between synthetic and degradative factors, which changes depending on the level of muscle activity. For example, exercise increases collagen IV synthesis, whereas inactivity decreases collagen IV synthesis. However, the effects of stretching on the BM structure remain unclear. Therefore, to investigate the effects of stretching on the BM of the skeletal muscle, we continuously applied stretching to the rat soleus muscle and examined the altered expression of BM-related factors and structure using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blotting, zymography, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The results show that stretching increased the matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) expression and MMP2 activity, and decreased the collagen IV expression and width of the lamina densa in the soleus muscle. These results suggest that stretching promotes BM degradation in the rat soleus muscle. The findings of this study indicate a new influence of stretching on skeletal muscles, and may contribute to the new use of stretching in rehabilitation and sports fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kanazawa
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa, 920-1180, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Japan
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Shojyaku, Settsu, 566-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyachi
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Hokuriku University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa, 920-1180, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nagano
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koinuma
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Shigeyoshi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan
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