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Chen KH, Nelson J. A scoping review of bryophyte microbiota: diverse microbial communities in small plant packages. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4496-4513. [PMID: 35536989 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant health depends not only on the condition of the plant itself but also on its diverse community of microbes, or microbiota. Just like the better-studied angiosperms, bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) harbor diverse communities of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other microbial eukaryotes. Bryophytes are increasingly recognized as important model systems for understanding plant evolution, development, physiology, and symbiotic interactions. Much of the work on bryophyte microbiota in the past focused on specific symbiont types for each bryophyte group, but more recent studies are taking a broader view acknowledging the coexistence of diverse microbial communities in bryophytes. Therefore, this review integrates studies of bryophyte microbes from both perspectives to provide a holistic view of the existing research for each bryophyte group and on key themes. The systematic search also reveals the taxonomic and geographic biases in this field, including a severe under-representation of the tropics, very few studies on viruses or eukaryotic microbes beyond fungi, and a focus on mycorrhizal fungi studies in liverworts. Such gaps may have led to errors in conclusions about evolutionary patterns in symbiosis. This analysis points to a wealth of future research directions that promise to reveal how the distinct life cycles and physiology of bryophytes interact with their microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsuan Chen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jessica Nelson
- Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Nelson JM, Hauser DA, Li FW. The diversity and community structure of symbiotic cyanobacteria in hornworts inferred from long-read amplicon sequencing. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:1731-1744. [PMID: 34533221 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Nitrogen-fixing endosymbioses with cyanobacteria have evolved independently in five very different plant lineages. Expanding knowledge of these symbioses promises to improve the understanding of symbiosis evolution and broaden the toolkit for agricultural engineering to reduce artificial fertilizer use. Here we focused on hornworts, a bryophyte lineage in which all members host cyanobacteria, and investigated factors shaping the diversity of their cyanobiont communities. METHODS We sampled hornworts and adjacent soils in upstate New York throughout the hornwort growing season. We included all three sympatric hornwort species in the area, allowing us to directly compare partner selectivity. To profile cyanobacteria communities, we established a metabarcoding protocol targeting rbcL-X with PacBio long reads. RESULTS The hornwort cyanobionts detected were phylogenetically diverse, including clades that do not contain other known plant symbionts. We found significant overlap between hornwort cyanobionts and soil cyanobacteria, a pattern not previously reported in other plant-cyanobacteria symbioses. Cyanobiont communities differed between host plants only centimeters apart, but we did not detect an effect of sampling time or host species on the cyanobacterial community structure. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the phylogenetic diversity of known symbiotic cyanobacteria. Our analyses suggest that hornwort cyanobionts have a tight connection to the soil background, and we found no evidence that time within growing season, host species, or distance at the scale of meters strongly govern cyanobacteria community assembly. This study provides a critical foundation for further study of the ecology, evolution, and interaction dynamics of plant-cyanobacteria symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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3
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Abstract
Species of the floating, freshwater fern Azolla form a well-characterized symbiotic association with the non-culturable cyanobacterium Nostoc azollae, which fixes nitrogen for the plant. However, several cyanobacterial strains have over the years been isolated and cultured from Azolla from all over the world. The genomes of 10 of these strains were sequenced and compared with each other, with other symbiotic cyanobacterial strains, and with similar strains that were not isolated from a symbiotic association. The 10 strains fell into three distinct groups: six strains were nearly identical to the non-symbiotic strain, Nostoc (Anabaena) variabilis ATCC 29413; three were similar to the symbiotic strain, Nostoc punctiforme, and one, Nostoc sp. 2RC, was most similar to non-symbiotic strains of Nostoc linckia. However, Nostoc sp. 2RC was unusual because it has three sets of nitrogenase genes; it has complete gene clusters for two distinct Mo-nitrogenases and an alternative V-nitrogenase. Genes for Mo-nitrogenase, sugar transport, chemotaxis and pili characterized all the symbiotic strains. Several of the strains infected the liverwort Blasia, including N. variabilis ATCC 29413, which did not originate from Azolla but rather from a sewage pond. However, only Nostoc sp. 2RC, which produced highly motile hormogonia, was capable of high-frequency infection of Blasia. Thus, some of these strains, which grow readily in the laboratory, may be useful in establishing novel symbiotic associations with other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda S. Pratte
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Teresa Thiel
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri–St. Louis, One University Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
- *Correspondence: Teresa Thiel,
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Kaasalainen U, Tuovinen V, Mwachala G, Pellikka P, Rikkinen J. Complex Interaction Networks Among Cyanolichens of a Tropical Biodiversity Hotspot. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672333. [PMID: 34177853 PMCID: PMC8220813 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions within lichen communities include, in addition to close mutualistic associations between the main partners of specific lichen symbioses, also more elusive relationships between members of a wider symbiotic community. Here, we analyze association patterns of cyanolichen symbionts in the tropical montane forests of Taita Hills, southern Kenya, which is part of the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot. The cyanolichen specimens analyzed represent 74 mycobiont taxa within the order Peltigerales (Ascomycota), associating with 115 different variants of the photobionts genus Nostoc (Cyanobacteria). Our analysis demonstrates wide sharing of photobionts and reveals the presence of several photobiont-mediated lichen guilds. Over half of all mycobionts share photobionts with other fungal species, often from different genera or even families, while some others are strict specialists and exclusively associate with a single photobiont variant. The most extensive symbiont network involves 24 different fungal species from five genera associating with 38 Nostoc photobionts. The Nostoc photobionts belong to two main groups, the Nephroma-type Nostoc and the Collema/Peltigera-type Nostoc, and nearly all mycobionts associate only with variants of one group. Among the mycobionts, species that produce cephalodia and those without symbiotic propagules tend to be most promiscuous in photobiont choice. The extent of photobiont sharing and the structure of interaction networks differ dramatically between the two major photobiont-mediated guilds, being both more prevalent and nested among Nephroma guild fungi and more compartmentalized among Peltigera guild fungi. This presumably reflects differences in the ecological characteristics and/or requirements of the two main groups of photobionts. The same two groups of Nostoc have previously been identified from many lichens in various lichen-rich ecosystems in different parts of the world, indicating that photobiont sharing between fungal species is an integral part of lichen ecology globally. In many cases, symbiotically dispersing lichens can facilitate the dispersal of sexually reproducing species, promoting establishment and adaptation into new and marginal habitats and thus driving evolutionary diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Kaasalainen
- Department of Geobiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veera Tuovinen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Petri Pellikka
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jouko Rikkinen
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Contrasting bacteriome of the hornwort Leiosporoceros dussii in two nearby sites with emphasis on the hornwort-cyanobacterial symbiosis. Symbiosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-020-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rimington WR, Duckett JG, Field KJ, Bidartondo MI, Pressel S. The distribution and evolution of fungal symbioses in ancient lineages of land plants. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:23-49. [PMID: 32130512 PMCID: PMC7062687 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An accurate understanding of the diversity and distribution of fungal symbioses in land plants is essential for mycorrhizal research. Here we update the seminal work of Wang and Qiu (Mycorrhiza 16:299-363, 2006) with a long-overdue focus on early-diverging land plant lineages, which were considerably under-represented in their survey, by examining the published literature to compile data on the status of fungal symbioses in liverworts, hornworts and lycophytes. Our survey combines data from 84 publications, including recent, post-2006, reports of Mucoromycotina associations in these lineages, to produce a list of at least 591 species with known fungal symbiosis status, 180 of which were included in Wang and Qiu (Mycorrhiza 16:299-363, 2006). Using this up-to-date compilation, we estimate that fewer than 30% of liverwort species engage in symbiosis with fungi belonging to all three mycorrhizal phyla, Mucoromycota, Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, with the last being the most widespread (17%). Fungal symbioses in hornworts (78%) and lycophytes (up to 100%) appear to be more common but involve only members of the two Mucoromycota subphyla Mucoromycotina and Glomeromycotina, with Glomeromycotina prevailing in both plant groups. Our fungal symbiosis occurrence estimates are considerably more conservative than those published previously, but they too may represent overestimates due to currently unavoidable assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Rimington
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Jeffrey G Duckett
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Katie J Field
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Silvia Pressel
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
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Cardós JLH, Prieto M, Jylhä M, Aragón G, Molina MC, Martínez I, Rikkinen J. A case study on the re-establishment of the cyanolichen symbiosis: where do the compatible photobionts come from? ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:379-388. [PMID: 31329832 PMCID: PMC6798828 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In order to re-establish lichen symbiosis, fungal spores must first germinate and then associate with a compatible photobiont. To detect possible establishment limitations in a sexually reproducing cyanolichen species, we studied ascospore germination, photobiont growth and photobiont association patterns in Pectenia plumbea. METHODS Germination tests were made with ascospores from 500 apothecia under different treatments, and photobiont growth was analysed in 192 isolates obtained from 24 thalli. We determined the genotype identity [tRNALeu (UAA) intron] of the Nostoc cyanobionts from 30 P. plumbea thalli from one population. We also sequenced cyanobionts of 41 specimens of other cyanolichen species and 58 Nostoc free-living colonies cultured from the bark substrate. KEY RESULTS Not a single fungal ascospore germinated and none of the photobiont isolates produced motile hormogonia. Genetic analyses revealed that P. plumbea shares Nostoc genotypes with two other cyanolichen species of the same habitat, but these photobionts were hardly present in the bark substrate. CONCLUSIONS Due to the inability of both symbionts to thrive independently, the establishment of P. plumbea seems to depend on Dendriscocaulon umhausense, the only cyanolichen species in the same habitat that reproduces asexually and acts as a source of appropriate cyanobionts. This provides support to the hypothesis about facilitation among lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L H Cardós
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Prieto
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Jylhä
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Aragón
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Molina
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Martínez
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Rikkinen
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Jüriado I, Kaasalainen U, Jylhä M, Rikkinen J. Relationships between mycobiont identity, photobiont specificity and ecological preferences in the lichen genus Peltigera (Ascomycota) in Estonia (northeastern Europe). FUNGAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Kaasalainen U, Olsson S, Rikkinen J. Evolution of the tRNALeu (UAA) Intron and Congruence of Genetic Markers in Lichen-Symbiotic Nostoc. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131223. [PMID: 26098760 PMCID: PMC4476775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The group I intron interrupting the tRNALeu UAA gene (trnL) is present in most cyanobacterial genomes as well as in the plastids of many eukaryotic algae and all green plants. In lichen symbiotic Nostoc, the P6b stem-loop of trnL intron always involves one of two different repeat motifs, either Class I or Class II, both with unresolved evolutionary histories. Here we attempt to resolve the complex evolution of the two different trnL P6b region types. Our analysis indicates that the Class II repeat motif most likely appeared first and that independent and unidirectional shifts to the Class I motif have since taken place repeatedly. In addition, we compare our results with those obtained with other genetic markers and find strong evidence of recombination in the 16S rRNA gene, a marker widely used in phylogenetic studies on Bacteria. The congruence of the different genetic markers is successfully evaluated with the recently published software Saguaro, which has not previously been utilized in comparable studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Kaasalainen
- Department of Geobiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sanna Olsson
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouko Rikkinen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Dal Grande F, Beck A, Cornejo C, Singh G, Cheenacharoen S, Nelsen MP, Scheidegger C. Molecular phylogeny and symbiotic selectivity of the green algal genus Dictyochloropsis s.l. (Trebouxiophyceae): a polyphyletic and widespread group forming photobiont-mediated guilds in the lichen family Lobariaceae. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 202:455-470. [PMID: 24443895 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dictyochloropsis s.l. is an ecologically important, common but little-studied genus of green algae. Here, we examined the diversity and host selectivity of algae attributed to this genus at both species-to-species and species-to-community levels. We conducted a molecular investigation of 15 cultured strains and several lichen photobionts, using 18S rRNA, rbcL and ITS sequence data. We further used seven alga-specific microsatellite markers to study algal sharing among fungi of the family Lobariaceae in two populations in Madeira and Taiwan (454 lichens). We found that the genus Dictyochloropsis s.l. is polyphyletic. Dictyochloropsis clade 1 comprises only free-living algae whereas Dictyochloropsis clade 2 includes lichenized algae as well as free-living algae. Fungal selectivity towards algae belonging to Dictyochloropsis clade 2 is high. Selectivity varies geographically, with photobionts being restricted to a single region. Finally, we showed that Dictyochloropsis clade 2 individuals are shared among different fungal hosts in communities of lichens of the Lobariaceae. As for other green algal lineages, there is a high amount of cryptic diversity in Dictyochloropsis. Furthermore, co-evolution between Dictyochloropsis clade 2 algae and representatives of the Lobariaceae is manifested at the community level, with several unrelated fungal species being horizontally connected by shared photobiont clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dal Grande
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Beck
- Department of Lichenology and Bryology, Botanische Staatssammlung München, 80638, München, Germany
- GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, D-80333, München, Germany
| | - Carolina Cornejo
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Garima Singh
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Saran Cheenacharoen
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Matthew P Nelsen
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Christoph Scheidegger
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Graham L, Lewis LA, Taylor W, Wellman C, Cook M. Early Terrestrialization: Transition from Algal to Bryophyte Grade. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6988-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Santi C, Bogusz D, Franche C. Biological nitrogen fixation in non-legume plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 111:743-67. [PMID: 23478942 PMCID: PMC3631332 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in plant growth. The ability of a plant to supply all or part of its requirements from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) thanks to interactions with endosymbiotic, associative and endophytic symbionts, confers a great competitive advantage over non-nitrogen-fixing plants. SCOPE Because BNF in legumes is well documented, this review focuses on BNF in non-legume plants. Despite the phylogenic and ecological diversity among diazotrophic bacteria and their hosts, tightly regulated communication is always necessary between the microorganisms and the host plant to achieve a successful interaction. Ongoing research efforts to improve knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these original relationships and some common strategies leading to a successful relationship between the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and their hosts are presented. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the molecular mechanism of BNF outside the legume-rhizobium symbiosis could have important agronomic implications and enable the use of N-fertilizers to be reduced or even avoided. Indeed, in the short term, improved understanding could lead to more sustainable exploitation of the biodiversity of nitrogen-fixing organisms and, in the longer term, to the transfer of endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixation capacities to major non-legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Santi
- Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, Avenue Paul Alduy, 66100 Perpignan, France
| | - Didier Bogusz
- Equipe Rhizogenèse, UMR DIADE (IRD/UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Claudine Franche
- Equipe Rhizogenèse, UMR DIADE (IRD/UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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14
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Adams DG, Duggan PS. Signalling in Cyanobacteria–Plant Symbioses. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANT SYMBIOSIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20966-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Nelsen MP, Plata ER, Andrew CJ, Lücking R, Lumbsch HT. PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY OF TRENTEPOHLIALEAN ALGAE ASSOCIATED WITH LICHEN-FORMING FUNGI(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:282-90. [PMID: 27021860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nearly one-fourth of the lichen-forming fungi associate with trentepohlialean algae, yet their genetic diversity remains unknown. Recent work focusing on free-living trentepohlialean algae has provided a phylogenetic context within which questions regarding the lichenization of these algae can be asked. Here, we concentrated our sampling on trentepohlialean algae from lichens producing a diversity of growth forms (fruticose and crustose) over a broad geographic substratum, ecological, and phylogenetic range. We have demonstrated that there is no evidence for a single clade of strictly lichenized algae; rather, a wide range demonstrated the ability to associate with lichenized fungi. Variation was also observed among trentepohlialean algae in lichens from a single geographic area and tree, suggesting that fungi in close proximity can associate with different trentepohlialean algae, consistent with the findings of trebouxiophycean algae and cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Nelsen
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (MC 066), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St. Louis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60625, USADepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
| | - Eimy Rivas Plata
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (MC 066), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St. Louis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60625, USADepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
| | - Carrie J Andrew
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (MC 066), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St. Louis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60625, USADepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
| | - Robert Lücking
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (MC 066), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St. Louis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60625, USADepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
| | - H Thorsten Lumbsch
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (MC 066), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St. Louis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60625, USADepartment of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
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Multiple origins of high reciprocal symbiotic specificity at an intercontinental spatial scale among gelatinous lichens (Collemataceae, Lecanoromycetes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 56:1089-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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