1
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Wei Y, Guo X, Li L, Xue W, Wang L, Chen C, Sun S, Yang Y, Yao W, Wang W, Zhao J, Duan X. The role of N6-methyladenosine methylation in PAHs-induced cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118078-118101. [PMID: 37924411 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are a wide range of environmental toxicants, may act on humans through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, resulting in a range of toxic reactions. Epidemiological studies showed that long-term exposure to PAHs in the occupational and living environment results in a substantial rise in the incidence rate of many cancers in the population, so the prevention and treatment of these diseases have become a major worldwide public health problem. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification greatly affects the metabolism of RNA and is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of many kinds of diseases. In addition, m6A-binding proteins have an important role in disease development. The abnormal expression of these can cause the malignant proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancers. Furthermore, a growing number of studies revealed that environmental toxicants are one of the cancer risk factors and are related to m6A modifications. Exposure to environmental toxicants can alter the methylation level of m6A and the expression of the m6A-binding protein, thus promoting the occurrence and development of cancers through diverse mechanisms. m6A may serve as a biomarker for early environmental exposure. Through the study of m6A, we can find the health injury early, thus providing a new sight for preventing and curing environmental health-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaona Guo
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Longhao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chengxin Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shilong Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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2
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Yu YY, Jin H, Lu Q. Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on immunity. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 5:100177. [PMID: 36561540 PMCID: PMC9763510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly a quarter of the total number of deaths in the world are caused by unhealthy living or working environments. Therefore, we consider it significant to introduce the effect of a widely distributed component of air/water/food-source contaminants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), on the human body, especially on immunity in this review. PAHs are a large class of organic compounds containing two or more benzene rings. PAH exposure could occur in most people through breath, smoke, food, and direct skin contact, resulting in both cellular immunosuppression and humoral immunosuppression. PAHs usually lead to the exacerbation of autoimmune diseases by regulating the balance of T helper cell 17 and regulatory T cells, and promoting type 2 immunity. However, the receptor of PAHs, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), appears to exhibit duality in the immune response, which seems to explain some seemingly opposite experimental results. In addition, PAH exposure was also able to exacerbate allergic reactions and regulate monocytes to a certain extent. The specific regulation mechanisms of immune system include the assistance of AhR, the activation of the CYP-ROS axis, the recruitment of intracellular calcium, and some epigenetic mechanisms. This review aims to summarize our current understanding on the impact of PAHs in the immune system and some related diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus), and allergic diseases (asthma and atopic dermatitis). Finally, we also propose future research directions for the prevention or treatment on environmental induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-yiyi Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China,Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China,Corresponding author. Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China,Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China,Corresponding author. Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Rani R, Kela A, Dhaniya G, Arya K, Tripathi AK, Ahirwar R. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: potential and prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54282-54298. [PMID: 34402004 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced from various pyrogenic and petrogenic sources in the environment has been linked to a variety of toxic effects in the human body. Genome-wide analyses have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can function as novel and minimally invasive biomarkers of environmental exposure to PAHs. The objective of this study is to explore miRNA signatures associated with early health effects in response to chronic environmental exposure to PAHs. We systematically searched Scopus and PubMed databases for studies related to exposure of PAHs with changes in miRNA expression patterns that represent early health effects in the exposed population. Based on previous studies, we included 15 cell-based and 9 each of animal model and human population-based studies for assessment. A total of 11 differentially expressed PAH-responsive miRNAs were observed each in two or more cell-based studies (miR-181a and miR-30c-1), animal model studies (miR-291a and miR-292), and human population-based studies (miR-126, miR-142-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-27a-3p, miR-28-5p, and miR-320b). In addition, miRNAs belonging to family miR-122, miR-199, miR-203, miR-21, miR-26, miR-29, and miR-92 were found to be PAH-responsive in both animal model and cell-based studies; let-7, miR-126, miR-146, miR-30, and miR-320 in both cell-based and human population-based studies; and miR-142, miR-150, and miR-27 were found differentially expressed in both animal model and human population-based studies. The only miRNA whose expression was found to be altered in all the three groups of studies is miR-34c. Association of environmental exposure to PAHs with altered expression of specific miRNAs indicates that selective miRNAs can be used as early warning biomarkers in PAH-exposed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Rani
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Abhidha Kela
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Geeta Dhaniya
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kamini Arya
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Amit K Tripathi
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
- Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India.
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4
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He C, Shen M, Morita K, Wang D, Kanazawa T, Yoshida Y. Nuclear factor of activated T cells as a marker of in vivo low‐dose dibenzo[
a
,
h
]anthracene exposure. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1239-1247. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiying He
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
- Department of Hematologythe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Mengyue Shen
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kanazawa
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
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5
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Auerbach SS, Paules RS. Genomic dose response: Successes, challenges, and next steps. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Labib S, Williams A, Guo CH, Leingartner K, Arlt VM, Schmeiser HH, Yauk CL, White PA, Halappanavar S. Comparative transcriptomic analyses to scrutinize the assumption that genotoxic PAHs exert effects via a common mode of action. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2461-80. [PMID: 26377693 PMCID: PMC5043007 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the accuracy of the assumption that genotoxic, carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) act via similar mechanisms of action as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the reference PAH used in the human health risk assessment of PAH-containing complex mixtures, was investigated. Adult male Muta™Mouse were gavaged for 28 days with seven individual, genotoxic PAHs. Global gene expression profiles in forestomach, liver, and lung (target tissues of exposure) were determined at 3 days post-exposure. The results are compared with our previously published results from mice exposed to BaP via the same exposure regimen. Although all PAHs showed enhanced ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity, DNA adduct formation, and lacZ mutant frequency in the lungs, the unsupervised cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that the transcriptional changes are both PAH- and tissue-specific, with lung showing the most response. Further bioinformatics-/pathway-based analysis revealed that all PAHs induce expression of genes associated with carcinogenic processes, including DNA damage response, immune/inflammatory response, or cell signaling processes; however, the type of pathways and the magnitude of change varied for each PAH and were not the same as those observed for BaP. Benchmark dose modeling showed transcriptomic data closely reflected the known tumor incidence for the individual PAHs in each tissue. Collectively, the results suggest that the underlying mechanisms of PAH-induced toxicity leading to tumorigenesis are tissue-specific and not the same for all PAHs; based on the tissue type considered, use of BaP as a reference chemical may overestimate or underestimate the carcinogenic potential of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Labib
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - A Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - C H Guo
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - K Leingartner
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - V M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - H H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - P A White
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - S Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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7
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Chepelev NL, Long AS, Bowers WJ, Gagné R, Williams A, Kuo B, Phillips DH, Arlt VM, White PA, Yauk CL. Transcriptional profiling of the mouse hippocampus supports an NMDAR-mediated neurotoxic mode of action for benzo[a]pyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2016; 57:350-63. [PMID: 27195522 PMCID: PMC4915531 DOI: 10.1002/em.22020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a genotoxic carcinogen and a neurotoxicant. The neurotoxicity of BaP is proposed to arise from either genotoxicity leading to neuronal cell death, or perturbed expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits. To explore these hypotheses, we profiled hippocampal gene expression of adult male Muta(™) Mouse administered 0, 1, 35, or 70 mg BaP/kg bw per day by oral gavage for 3 days. Transcriptional profiles were examined by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), DNA microarrays, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). BaP-DNA adducts in the cerebellum were quantified by (32) P-post-labeling to measure genotoxicity. RNA-seq revealed altered expression of 0, 260, and 219 genes (P-value < 0.05, fold-change ≥ ± 1.5) following exposure to the low, medium, and high doses, respectively; 54 genes were confirmed by microarrays. Microarray and RT-PCR analysis showed increased expression of NMDAR subunits Grina and Grin2a. In contrast, no effects on DNA-damage response genes were observed despite comparable BaP-DNA adduct levels in the cerebellum and in the lungs and livers of mice at similar BaP doses in previous studies. The results suggest that DNA-damage response does not play a major role in BaP-induced adult neurotoxicity. Meta-analysis revealed that BaP-induced transcriptional profiles are highly correlated with those from the hippocampus of transgenic mice exhibiting similar neurotoxicity outcomes to BaP-exposed mice and rats (i.e., defects in learning and memory). Overall, we suggest that BaP-induced neurotoxicity is more likely to be a consequence of NMDAR perturbation than genotoxicity, and identify other important genes potentially mediating this adverse outcome. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:350-363, 2016. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis © 2016 Environmental Mutagen Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai L Chepelev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Alexandra S Long
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Wayne J Bowers
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Rémi Gagné
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Byron Kuo
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A White
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
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8
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Dong H, Curran I, Williams A, Bondy G, Yauk CL, Wade MG. Hepatic miRNA profiles and thyroid hormone homeostasis in rats exposed to dietary potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 41:201-210. [PMID: 26724606 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) has been widely used in a variety of industrial and commercial applications as a surfactant and stain repellent. PFOS causes liver damage (including liver tumors) in experimental animals, primarily via interaction with PPARα and CAR/PXR. We investigated the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in PFOS-induced hepatotoxicity, and mechanisms involved in abnormal thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis, in the livers of adult male rats exposed in feed to 50mg PFOS/kg diet for 28 days. PFOS-treated rats exhibited expected histopathological and clinical chemistry changes, and global gene expression changes consistent with the involvement of PPARα and CAR/PXR. Thirty-eight miRNAs were significantly altered. Three members of the miR-200 family were the most increased, while miR-122-5p and miR-21-5p were the most decreased, in PFOS-treated rats. Expression of the miR-23b-3p/27b-3p/24-3p cluster also decreased in PFOS-treated animals. Pathway analysis of miRNAs and associated gene expression changes suggests involvement of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a primary process of tumor cell motility and cancer metastasis. Our analysis also revealed transcripts that may mediate PFOS-induced effects on TH homeostasis including: activation of the CAR/PXR pathway, phase II/III enzymes, and deiodinase. These changes are consistent with low serum TH due to enhanced metabolic clearance of TH. However, most TH hepatic target genes were not altered in a manner consistent with reduced TH signaling, suggesting that PFOS exposure did not induce functional hypothyroidism. Collectively, the study suggests an important role for miRNAs in PFOS-induced hepatotoxicity and provides insight into the effects of PFOS on TH homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Dong
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Ivan Curran
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Genevieve Bondy
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Michael G Wade
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.
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9
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Long AS, Lemieux CL, Arlt VM, White PA. Tissue-specific in vivo genetic toxicity of nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons assessed using the Muta™Mouse transgenic rodent assay. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 290:31-42. [PMID: 26603514 PMCID: PMC4712826 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Test batteries to screen chemicals for mutagenic hazard include several endpoints regarded as effective for detecting genotoxic carcinogens. Traditional in vivo methods primarily examine clastogenic endpoints in haematopoietic tissues. Although this approach is effective for identifying systemically distributed clastogens, some mutagens may not induce clastogenic effects; moreover, genotoxic effects may be restricted to the site of contact and/or related tissues. An OECD test guideline for transgenic rodent (TGR) gene mutation assays was released in 2011, and the TGR assays permit assessment of mutagenicity in any tissue. This study assessed the responses of two genotoxicity endpoints following sub-chronic oral exposures of male Muta™Mouse to 9 carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Clastogenicity was assessed via induction of micronuclei in peripheral blood, and mutagenicity via induction of lacZ transgene mutations in bone marrow, glandular stomach, small intestine, liver, and lung. Additionally, the presence of bulky PAH-DNA adducts was examined. Five of the 9 PAHs elicited positive results across all endpoints in at least one tissue, and no PAHs were negative or equivocal across all endpoints. All PAHs were positive for lacZ mutations in at least one tissue (sensitivity=100%), and for 8 PAHs, one or more initial sites of chemical contact (i.e., glandular stomach, liver, small intestine) yielded a greater response than bone marrow. Five PAHs were positive in the micronucleus assay (sensitivity=56%). Furthermore, all PAHs produced DNA adducts in at least one tissue. The results demonstrate the utility of the TGR assay for mutagenicity assessment, especially for compounds that may not be systemically distributed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Long
- Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Christine L Lemieux
- Air Health Science Division, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul A White
- Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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Chepelev NL, Long AS, Williams A, Kuo B, Gagné R, Kennedy DA, Phillips DH, Arlt VM, White PA, Yauk CL. Transcriptional Profiling of Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene-induced Spleen Atrophy Provides Mechanistic Insights into its Immunotoxicity in MutaMouse. Toxicol Sci 2016; 149:251-68. [PMID: 26496743 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is the most carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) examined to date. We investigated the immunotoxicity of DBC, manifested as spleen atrophy, following acute exposure of adult MutaMouse males by oral gavage. Mice were exposed to 0, 2.0, 6.2, or 20.0 mg DBC /kg-bw per day, for 3 days. Genotoxic endpoints (DBC-DNA adducts and lacZ mutant frequency in spleen and bone marrow, and red blood cell micronucleus frequency) and global gene expression changes were measured. All of the genotoxicity measures increased in a dose-dependent manner in spleen and bone marrow. Gene expression analysis showed that DBC activates p53 signaling pathways related to cellular growth and proliferation, which was evident even at the low dose. Strikingly, the expression profiles of DBC exposed mouse spleens were highly inversely correlated with the expression profiles of the only published toxicogenomics dataset of enlarged mouse spleen. This analysis suggested a central role for Bnip3l, a pro-apoptotic protein involved in negative regulation of erythroid maturation. RT-PCR confirmed expression changes in several genes related to apoptosis, iron metabolism, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling that are regulated in the opposite direction during spleen atrophy versus benzo[a]pyrene-mediated splenomegaly. In addition, benchmark dose modeling of toxicogenomics data yielded toxicity estimates that are very close to traditional toxicity endpoints. This work illustrates the power of toxicogenomics to reveal rich mechanistic information for immunotoxic compounds and its ability to provide information that is quantitatively similar to that derived from standard toxicity methods in health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai L Chepelev
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Alexandra S Long
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Andrew Williams
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Byron Kuo
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Rémi Gagné
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Dean A Kennedy
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Paul A White
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Carole L Yauk
- *Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
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11
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Yauk CL, Lambert IB, Meek MEB, Douglas GR, Marchetti F. Development of the adverse outcome pathway "alkylation of DNA in male premeiotic germ cells leading to heritable mutations" using the OECD's users' handbook supplement. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2015; 56:724-750. [PMID: 26010389 DOI: 10.1002/em.21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) programme aims to develop a knowledgebase of all known pathways of toxicity that lead to adverse effects in humans and ecosystems. A Users' Handbook was recently released to provide supplementary guidance on AOP development. This article describes one AOP-alkylation of DNA in male premeiotic germ cells leading to heritable mutations. This outcome is an important regulatory endpoint. The AOP describes the biological plausibility and empirical evidence supporting that compounds capable of alkylating DNA cause germ cell mutations and subsequent mutations in the offspring of exposed males. Alkyl adducts are subject to DNA repair; however, at high doses the repair machinery becomes saturated. Lack of repair leads to replication of alkylated DNA and ensuing mutations in male premeiotic germ cells. Mutations that do not impair spermatogenesis persist and eventually are present in mature sperm. Thus, the mutations are transmitted to the offspring. Although there are some gaps in empirical support and evidence for essentiality of the key events for certain aspects of this AOP, the overall AOP is generally accepted as dogma and applies broadly to any species that produces sperm. The AOP was developed and used in an iterative process to test and refine the Users' Handbook, and is one of the first publicly available AOPs. It is our hope that this AOP will be leveraged to develop other AOPs in this field to advance method development, computational models to predict germ cell effects, and integrated testing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iain B Lambert
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M E Bette Meek
- R. Samuel McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - George R Douglas
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesco Marchetti
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Pan HL, Wen ZS, Huang YC, Cheng X, Wang GZ, Zhou YC, Wang ZY, Guo YQ, Cao Y, Zhou GB. Down-regulation of microRNA-144 in air pollution-related lung cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14331. [PMID: 26395400 PMCID: PMC4585805 DOI: 10.1038/srep14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has been classified as a group 1 carcinogen in humans, but the underlying tumourigenic mechanisms remain unclear. In Xuanwei city of Yunnan Province, the lung cancer incidence is among the highest in China, owing to severe air pollution generated by the combustion of smoky coal, providing a unique opportunity to dissect lung carcinogenesis. To identify abnormal miRNAs critical for air pollution-related tumourigenesis, we performed microRNA microarray analysis in 6 Xuanwei non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and 4 NSCLCs from control regions where smoky coal was not used. We found 13 down-regulated and 2 up-regulated miRNAs in Xuanwei NSCLCs. Among them, miR-144 was one of the most significantly down-regulated miRNAs. The expanded experiments showed that miR-144 was down-regulated in 45/51 (88.2%) Xuanwei NSCLCs and 34/54 (63%) control region NSCLCs (p = 0.016). MiR-144 interacted with the oncogene Zeb1 at 2 sites in its 3' untranslated region, and a decrease in miR-144 resulted in increased Zeb1 expression and an epithelial mesenchymal transition phenotype. Ectopic expression of miR-144 suppressed NSCLCs in vitro and in vivo by targeting Zeb1. These results indicate that down-regulation of miR-144 is critical for air pollution-related lung cancer, and the miR-144-Zeb1 signalling pathway could represent a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060
| | - Yun-Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming 650106, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Yong-Chun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming 650106, China
| | - Zai-Yong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029
| | - Yong-Qing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029
| | - Yi Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Graduate School of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
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13
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Moffat I, Chepelev N, Labib S, Bourdon-Lacombe J, Kuo B, Buick JK, Lemieux F, Williams A, Halappanavar S, Malik A, Luijten M, Aubrecht J, Hyduke DR, Fornace AJ, Swartz CD, Recio L, Yauk CL. Comparison of toxicogenomics and traditional approaches to inform mode of action and points of departure in human health risk assessment of benzo[a]pyrene in drinking water. Crit Rev Toxicol 2015; 45:1-43. [PMID: 25605026 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2014.973934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Toxicogenomics is proposed to be a useful tool in human health risk assessment. However, a systematic comparison of traditional risk assessment approaches with those applying toxicogenomics has never been done. We conducted a case study to evaluate the utility of toxicogenomics in the risk assessment of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a well-studied carcinogen, for drinking water exposures. Our study was intended to compare methodologies, not to evaluate drinking water safety. We compared traditional (RA1), genomics-informed (RA2) and genomics-only (RA3) approaches. RA2 and RA3 applied toxicogenomics data from human cell cultures and mice exposed to BaP to determine if these data could provide insight into BaP's mode of action (MOA) and derive tissue-specific points of departure (POD). Our global gene expression analysis supported that BaP is genotoxic in mice and allowed the development of a detailed MOA. Toxicogenomics analysis in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells demonstrated a high degree of consistency in perturbed pathways with animal tissues. Quantitatively, the PODs for traditional and transcriptional approaches were similar (liver 1.2 vs. 1.0 mg/kg-bw/day; lungs 0.8 vs. 3.7 mg/kg-bw/day; forestomach 0.5 vs. 7.4 mg/kg-bw/day). RA3, which applied toxicogenomics in the absence of apical toxicology data, demonstrates that this approach provides useful information in data-poor situations. Overall, our study supports the use of toxicogenomics as a relatively fast and cost-effective tool for hazard identification, preliminary evaluation of potential carcinogens, and carcinogenic potency, in addition to identifying current limitations and practical questions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Moffat
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nikolai Chepelev
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Labib
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Bourdon-Lacombe
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Byron Kuo
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julie K Buick
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - France Lemieux
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amal Malik
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel R Hyduke
- Biological Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carol D Swartz
- Integrated Laboratory Systems Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Leslie Recio
- Integrated Laboratory Systems Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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14
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Cao Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Wang J, Wang J, Wu L, Hei TK, Luan Y, Xu A. Mutagenic Effects of Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid in gpt Delta Transgenic System Are Mediated by Hydrogen Peroxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:6294-6303. [PMID: 25875360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfate (PFOS), a persistent organic pollutant, has recently been closely linked with an increased risk of tumorigenesis. However, PFOS has yielded negative results in various tests of genotoxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the mutagenic response to PFOS in the gpt delta transgenic mouse mutation system and to illustrate the contribution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to PFOS genotoxicity. Mutations at the redBA/gam loci were determined by Spi(-) assay both in vitro and in vivo. DNA damage was measured by phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) and mouse bone marrow micronucleus (MN) testing. Our data showed that PFOS induced concentration-dependent increases in γ-H2AX foci and in mutation frequencies at redBA/gam loci in transgenic mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, which were confirmed by the formation of MNs in the bone marrow and the observations of mutation induction in the livers of gpt delta transgenic mice. Concurrent treatment with catalase, an efficient H2O2 scavenger, significantly decreased the formation of γ-H2AX foci and the mutation yields induced by PFOS. In addition, the generation of H2O2 was found to be closely related to the abnormal peroxisomal β-oxidation caused by PFOS. These finding might provide new mechanistical information about genotoxic effects of PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wang
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- ‡Jiangsu Tripod Preclinical Research Laboratories, Pukou Economic Development Zone, 9# Xinglong Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Meimei Wang
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Cao
- §Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xinan Wang
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- ‡Jiangsu Tripod Preclinical Research Laboratories, Pukou Economic Development Zone, 9# Xinglong Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Tom K Hei
- ∥Center for Radiological Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yang Luan
- §Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - An Xu
- †Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
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15
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Wohak LE, Krais AM, Kucab JE, Stertmann J, Øvrebø S, Seidel A, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce CYP1A1 in human cells via a p53-dependent mechanism. Arch Toxicol 2014; 90:291-304. [PMID: 25398514 PMCID: PMC4748000 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor gene TP53 is mutated in more than 50 % of human tumours, making it one of the most important cancer genes. We have investigated the role of TP53 in cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolic activation of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a panel of isogenic colorectal HCT116 cells with differing TP53 status. Cells that were TP53(+/+), TP53(+/−), TP53(−/−), TP53(R248W/+) or TP53(R248W/−) were treated with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenz[a,h]anthracene and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, and the formation of DNA adducts was measured by 32P-postlabelling analysis. Each PAH formed significantly higher DNA adduct levels in TP53(+/+) cells than in the other cell lines. There were also significantly lower levels of PAH metabolites in the culture media of these other cell lines. Bypass of the need for metabolic activation by treating cells with the corresponding reactive PAH-diol-epoxide metabolites resulted in similar adduct levels in all cell lines, which confirms that the influence of p53 is on the metabolism of the parent PAHs. Western blotting showed that CYP1A1 protein expression was induced to much greater extent in TP53(+/+) cells than in the other cell lines. CYP1A1 is inducible via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), but we did not find that expression of AHR was dependent on p53; rather, we found that BaP-induced CYP1A1 expression was regulated through p53 binding to a p53 response element in the CYP1A1 promoter region, thereby enhancing its transcription. This study demonstrates a new pathway for CYP1A1 induction by environmental PAHs and reveals an emerging role for p53 in xenobiotic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Wohak
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.,Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Annette M Krais
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jill E Kucab
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Julia Stertmann
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Steinar Øvrebø
- Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Albrecht Seidel
- Biochemical Institute for Environmental Carcinogens, Prof. Dr. Gernot Grimmer-Foundation, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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16
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Ferreira LEN, Muniz BV, Bittar TO, Berto LA, Figueroba SR, Groppo FC, Pereira AC. Effect of particles of ashes produced from sugarcane burning on the respiratory system of rats. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 135:304-310. [PMID: 25462680 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The practice of burning sugarcane obtained by non-mechanized harvesting exposes workers and the people of neighboring towns to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) that is harmful to health, and may trigger a series of cardiorespiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the micro-particles coming from sugarcane burning residues and to verify the effects of this micro-particulate matter on lung and tracheal tissues. Micro-particulate matter (PM10) was obtained by dissolving filter paper containing burnt residues in NaCl solution. This material was instilled into the Wistar rats' nostrils. Histological analyses (hematoxylin and eosin - HE) of cardiac, lung and tracheal tissues were performed. Inflammatory mediators were measured in lung tissues by using ELISA. The chemical composition of the particulate material revealed a large quantity of the phthalic acid ester, high concentrations of phenolic compounds, anthracene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Histological analysis showed a reduction in subjacent conjunctive tissue in the trachea, lung inflammation with inflammatory infiltrate formation and reduction of alveolar spaces and a significant increase (p<0.05) in the release of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and INF-γ in the group treated with PM10 when compared to the control group. We concluded that the burning sugarcane residues release many particles, which have toxic chemical compounds. The micro-particulate matter can induce alterations in the respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E N Ferreira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - B V Muniz
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - T O Bittar
- Department of Social Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - L A Berto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - S R Figueroba
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - F C Groppo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A C Pereira
- Department of Social Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Zuo J, Brewer DS, Arlt VM, Cooper CS, Phillips DH. Benzo pyrene-induced DNA adducts and gene expression profiles in target and non-target organs for carcinogenesis in mice. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:880. [PMID: 25297811 PMCID: PMC4209037 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene expression changes induced by carcinogens may identify differences in molecular function between target and non-target organs. Target organs for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenicity in mice (lung, spleen and forestomach) and three non-target organs (liver, colon and glandular stomach) were investigated for DNA adducts by 32P-postlabelling, for gene expression changes by cDNA microarray and for miRNA expression changes by miRNA microarray after exposure of animals to BaP. RESULTS BaP-DNA adduct formation occurred in all six organs at levels that did not distinguish between target and non-target. cDNA microarray analysis showed a variety of genes modulated significantly by BaP in the six organs and the overall gene expression patterns were tissue specific. Gene ontology analysis also revealed that BaP-induced bioactivities were tissue specific; eight genes (Tubb5, Fos, Cdh1, Cyp1a1, Apc, Myc, Ctnnb1 and Cav) showed significant expression difference between three target and three non-target organs. Additionally, several gene expression changes, such as in Trp53 activation and Stat3 activity suggested some similarities in molecular mechanisms in two target organs (lung and spleen), which were not found in the other four organs. Changes in miRNA expression were generally tissue specific, involving, in total, 21/54 miRNAs significantly up- or down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings showed that DNA adduct levels and early gene expression changes did not fully distinguish target from non-target organs. However, mechanisms related to early changes in p53, Stat3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways may play roles in defining BaP organotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zuo
- />Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | - Daniel S Brewer
- />School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- />Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH UK
| | - Colin S Cooper
- />The Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - David H Phillips
- />Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH UK
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18
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Meng F, Li Z, Yan J, Manjanatha M, Shelton S, Yarborough S, Chen T. Tissue-specific microRNA responses in rats treated with mutagenic and carcinogenic doses of aristolochic acid. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:357-65. [PMID: 25106556 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) is an active component in herbal drugs derived from the Aristolochia species. Although these drugs have been used since antiquity, AA is both genotoxic and carcinogenic in animals and humans, resulting in kidney tumours in rats and upper urinary tract tumours in humans. In the present study, we conducted microarray analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression in tissues from transgenic Big Blue rats that were treated for 12 weeks with 0.1-10mg/kg AA, using a protocol that previous studies indicate eventually results in kidney tumours and mutations in kidney and liver. Global analysis of miRNA expression of rats treated with 10 mg/kg AA indicated that 19 miRNAs were significantly dysregulated in the kidney, with most of the miRNAs related to carcinogenesis. Only one miRNA, miR-34a (a tumour suppressor), was differentially expressed in the liver. The expression of the two most responsive kidney miRNAs (miR-21, an oncomiR and miR-34a) was further examined in the kidney, liver and testis of rats exposed to 0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/kg AA. Expression of miR-21 was up-regulated in the kidney only, while miR-34a was dose-dependently up-regulated in both the kidney and liver; the expression of miR-21 and miR-34a was unaltered by the AA treatment in the testis. Analysis of cII mutations in the testis of treated rats also was negative. Our results indicate that AA treatment of rats produced dysregulation of a large number of miRNAs in the tumour target tissue and that the up-regulation of miR-21 correlated with the carcinogenicity of AA while the up-regulation of miR-34a correlated with its mutagenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxue Meng
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zhiguang Li
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and
| | - Jian Yan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mugimane Manjanatha
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sharon Shelton
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stephanie Yarborough
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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19
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Interplay between Dioxin-mediated signaling and circadian clock: a possible determinant in metabolic homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11700-12. [PMID: 24987953 PMCID: PMC4139808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150711700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rotation of the earth on its axis creates the environment of a 24 h solar day, which organisms on earth have used to their evolutionary advantage by integrating this timing information into their genetic make-up in the form of a circadian clock. This intrinsic molecular clock is pivotal for maintenance of synchronized homeostasis between the individual organism and the external environment to allow coordinated rhythmic physiological and behavioral function. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a master regulator of dioxin-mediated toxic effects, and is, therefore, critical in maintaining adaptive responses through regulating the expression of phase I/II drug metabolism enzymes. AhR expression is robustly rhythmic, and physiological cross-talk between AhR signaling and circadian rhythms has been established. Increasing evidence raises a compelling argument that disruption of endogenous circadian rhythms contributes to the development of disease, including sleep disorders, metabolic disorders and cancers. Similarly, exposure to environmental pollutants through air, water and food, is increasingly cited as contributory to these same problems. Thus, a better understanding of interactions between AhR signaling and the circadian clock regulatory network can provide critical new insights into environmentally regulated disease processes. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the reciprocal interactions between dioxin-mediated AhR signaling and the circadian clock including how these pathways relate to health and disease, with emphasis on the control of metabolic function.
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