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Martínez FA, Adler NS, Cavasotto CN, Aucar GA. Solvent effects on the NMR shieldings of stacked DNA base pairs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18150-18160. [PMID: 35861154 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00398h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stacking effects are among the most important effects in DNA. We have recently studied their influence in fragments of DNA through the analysis of NMR magnetic shieldings, firstly in vacuo. As a continuation of this line of research we show here the influence of solvent effects on the shieldings through the application of both explicit and implicit models. We found that the explicit solvent model is more appropriate for consideration due to the results matching better in general with experiments, as well as providing clear knowledge of the electronic origin of the value of the shieldings. Our study is grounded on a recently developed theoretical model of our own, by which we are able to learn about the magnetic effects of given fragments of DNA molecules on selected base pairs. We use the shieldings of the atoms of a central base pair (guanine-cytosine) of a selected fragment of DNA molecules as descriptors of physical effects, like π-stacking and solvent effects. They can be taken separately and altogether. The effect of π-stacking is introduced through the addition of some pairs above and below of the central base pair, and now, the solvent effect is considered including a network of water molecules that consist of two solvation layers, which were fixed in the calculations performed in all fragments. We show that the solvent effects enhance the stacking effects on the magnetic shieldings of atoms that belong to the external N-H bonds. The net effect is of deshielding on both atoms. There is also a deshielding effect on the carbon atoms that belong to CO bonds, for which the oxygen atom has an explicit hydrogen bond (HB) with a solvent water molecule. Solvent effects are found to be no higher than a few percent of the total value of the shieldings (between 1% and 5%) for most atoms, although there are few for which such an effect can be higher. There is one nitrogen atom, the acceptor of the HB between guanine and cytosine, that is more highly shielded (around 15 ppm or 10%) when the explicit solvent is considered. In a similar manner, the most external nitrogen atom of cytosine and the hydrogen atom that is bonded to it are highly deshielded (around 10 ppm for nitrogen and around 3 ppm for hydrogen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Martínez
- Institute of Modelling and Innovation on Technology (IMIT), CONICET-UNNE, Avda Libertad 5460, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina.,Chemistry Department, Natural and Exact Science Faculty, Northeastern University of Argentina, Avda Libertad 5460, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Natalia S Adler
- Computational Drug Design and Biomedical Informatics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en BioNanociencias (CIBION), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio N Cavasotto
- Computational Drug Design and Biomedical Informatics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Austral Institute for Applied Artificial Intelligence, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Aucar
- Institute of Modelling and Innovation on Technology (IMIT), CONICET-UNNE, Avda Libertad 5460, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina.,Physics Department, Natural and Exact Science Faculty, Northeastern University of Argentina, Avda Libertad 5460, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina.
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Goldberga I, Li R, Chow WY, Reid DG, Bashtanova U, Rajan R, Puszkarska A, Oschkinat H, Duer MJ. Detection of nucleic acids and other low abundance components in native bone and osteosarcoma extracellular matrix by isotope enrichment and DNP-enhanced NMR. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26686-26690. [PMID: 35528564 PMCID: PMC9070537 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity enhancement by isotope enrichment and DNP NMR enables detection of minor but biologically relevant species in native intact bone, including nucleic acids, choline from phospholipid headgroups, and histidinyl and hydroxylysyl groups. Labelled matrix from the aggressive osteosarcoma K7M2 cell line confirms the assignments of nucleic acid signals arising from purine, pyrimidine, ribose, and deoxyribose species. Detection of these species is an important and necessary step in elucidating the atomic level structural basis of their functions in intact tissue. Towards elucidating their biological roles in intact tissue, DNP NMR reveals nucleic acids, and other important low abundance biomolecules in a complex biomaterial, bone, and in cancer extracellular matrix.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Wing Ying Chow
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)
- Berlin 13125
- Germany
| | - David G. Reid
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Anna Puszkarska
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)
- Berlin 13125
- Germany
| | - Melinda J. Duer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
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Abramov G, Goldbourt A. Nucleotide-type chemical shift assignment of the encapsulated 40 kbp dsDNA in intact bacteriophage T7 by MAS solid-state NMR. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2014; 59:219-230. [PMID: 24875850 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-014-9840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The icosahedral bacteriophage T7 is a 50 MDa double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus that infects Escherichia coli. Although there is substantial information on the physical and morphological properties of T7, structural information, based mostly on Raman spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy, is limited. Here, we apply the magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR (SSNMR) technique to study a uniformly (13)C and (15)N labeled wild-type T7 phage. We describe the details of the large-scale preparation and purification of an isotopically enriched phage sample under fully hydrated conditions, and show a complete (13)C and a near-complete (15)N nucleotide-type specific assignment of the sugar and base moieties in the 40 kbp dsDNA of T7 using two-dimensional (13)C-(13)C and (15)N-(13)C correlation experiments. The chemical shifts are interpreted as reporters of a B-form conformation of the encapsulated dsDNA. While MAS SSNMR was found to be extremely useful in determining the structures of proteins in native-like environments, its application to nucleic acids has lagged behind, leaving a missing (13)C and (15)N chemical shift database. This work therefore expands the (13)C and (15)N database of real B-form DNA systems, and opens routes to characterize more complex nucleic acid systems by SSNMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gili Abramov
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Morag O, Abramov G, Goldbourt A. Complete chemical shift assignment of the ssDNA in the filamentous bacteriophage fd reports on its conformation and on its interface with the capsid shell. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2292-301. [PMID: 24447194 DOI: 10.1021/ja412178n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The fd bacteriophage is a filamentous virus consisting of a circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) wrapped by thousands of copies of a major coat protein subunit (the capsid). The coat protein subunits are mostly α-helical and curved, and are arranged in the capsid in consecutive pentamers related by a translation along the main viral axis and a rotation of ~36° (C5S2 symmetry). The DNA is right-handed and helical, but information on its structure and on its interface with the capsid is incomplete. We present here an approach for assigning the DNA nucleotides and studying its interactions with the capsid by magic-angle spinning solid-state NMR. Capsid contacts with the ssDNA are obtained using a two-dimensional (13)C-(13)C correlation experiment and a proton-mediated (31)P-(13)C polarization transfer experiment, both acquired on an aromatic-unlabeled phage sample. Our results allow us to map the residues that face the interior of the capsid and to show that the ssDNA-capsid interactions are sustained mainly by electrostatic interactions between the positively charged lysine side chains and the phosphate backbone. The use of natural abundance aromatic amino acids in the growth media facilitated the complete assignment of the four nucleotides and the observation of internucleotide contacts. Using chemical shift analysis, our study shows that structural features of the deoxyribose carbons reporting on the sugar pucker are strikingly similar to those observed recently for the Pf1 phage. However, the ssDNA-protein interface is different, and chemical shift markers of base pairing are different. This experimental approach can be utilized in other filamentous and icosahedral bacteriophages, and also in other biomolecular complexes involving structurally and functionally important DNA-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omry Morag
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University , Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sergeyev IV, Day LA, Goldbourt A, McDermott AE. Chemical shifts for the unusual DNA structure in Pf1 bacteriophage from dynamic-nuclear-polarization-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:20208-17. [PMID: 21854063 DOI: 10.1021/ja2043062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectra, including dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced 400 MHz spectra acquired at 100 K, as well as non-DNP spectra at a variety of field strengths and at temperatures in the range 213-243 K, have allowed the assignment of the (13)C and (15)N resonances of the unusual DNA structure in the Pf1 virion. The (13)C chemical shifts of C3' and C5', considered to be key reporters of deoxyribose conformation, fall near or beyond the edges of their respective ranges in available databases. The (13)C and (15)N chemical shifts of the DNA bases have above-average values for AC4, AC5, CC5, TC2, and TC5, and below average values for AC8, GC8, and GN2, pointing to an absence of Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding, yet the presence of some type of aromatic ring interaction. Crosspeaks between Tyr40 of the coat protein and several DNA atoms suggest that Tyr40 is involved in this ring interaction. In addition, these crosspeak resonances and several deoxyribose resonances are multiply split, presumably through the effects of ordered but differing interactions between capsid protein subunits and each type of nucleotide in each of the two DNA strands. Overall, these observations characterize and support the DNA model proposed by Liu and Day and refined by Tsuboi et al., which calls for the most highly stretched and twisted naturally occurring DNA yet encountered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Sergeyev
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Cherepanov AV, Glaubitz C, Schwalbe H. High-resolution studies of uniformly 13C,15N-labeled RNA by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:4747-50. [PMID: 20533472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Cherepanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Cherepanov A, Glaubitz C, Schwalbe H. Hochauflösende Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie an vollständig 13C,15N-markierter RNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200906885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Boudreau EA, Pelczer I, Borer PN, Heffron GJ, LaPlante SR. Changes in drug 13C NMR chemical shifts as a tool for monitoring interactions with DNA. Biophys Chem 2004; 109:333-44. [PMID: 15110931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2003.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2003] [Revised: 11/11/2003] [Accepted: 12/11/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The antibiotic drug, netropsin, was complexed with the DNA oligonucleotide duplex [d(GGTATACC)]2 to monitor drug 13C NMR chemical shifts changes. The binding mode of netropsin to the minor groove of DNA is well-known, and served as a good model for evaluating the relative sensitivity of 13C chemical shifts to hydrogen bonding. Large downfield shifts were observed for four resonances of carbons that neighbor sites which are known to form hydrogen bond interactions with the DNA minor groove. Many of the remaining resonances of netropsin exhibit shielding or relatively smaller deshielding changes. Based on the model system presented here, large deshielding NMR shift changes of a ligand upon macromolecule binding can likely be attributed to hydrogen bond formation at nearby sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilis A Boudreau
- Health Science Research and Development Program, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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LaPlante SR, Borer PN. Changes in 13C NMR chemical shifts of DNA as a tool for monitoring drug interactions. Biophys Chem 2001; 90:219-32. [PMID: 11407640 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(01)00143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The antibiotic drug, netropsin, was complexed with the DNA oligonucleotide duplex [d(GGTATACC)]2 to explore the effects of ligand binding on the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the DNA base and sugar carbons. The binding mode of netrospin to TA-rich tracts of DNA has been well documented and served as an attractive model system. For the base carbons, four large changes in resonance chemical shifts were observed upon complex formation: -0.64 ppm for carbon 4 of either Ado4 or Ado6, 1.36 ppm for carbon 2 of Thd5, 1.33 ppm for carbon 5 of Thd5 and 0.94 for carbon 6 of Thd5. AdoC4 is covalently bonded to a heteroatom that is hydrogen bonded to netropsin; this relatively large deshielding is consistent with the known hydrogen bond formed at AdoN3. The three large shielding increases are consistent with hydrogen bonds to water in the minor groove being disrupted upon netropsin binding. For the DNA sugar resonances, large changes in chemical shifts were observed upon netropsin complexation. The 2', 3' and 5' 13C resonances of Thd3 and Thd5 were shielded whereas those of Ado4 and Ado6 were deshielded; the 13C resonances of 1' and 4' could not be assigned. These changes are consistent with alteration of the dynamic pseudorotational states occupied by the DNA sugars. A significant alteration in the pseudorotational states of Ado4 or Ado6 must occur as suggested by the large change in chemical shift of -1.65 ppm of the C3' carbon. In conclusion, 13C NMR may serve as a practical tool for analyzing structural changes in DNA-ligand complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R LaPlante
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Research and Development, Laval, PQ.
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Hayes MP, Hatala PJ, Sherer BA, Tong X, Zanatta N, Borer PN, Kallmerten J. Regioselective synthesis of 13C1-labeled 2-deoxyribonolactones. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)01148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Xu XP, Au−Yeung SCF. Investigation of Chemical Shift and Structure Relationships in Nucleic Acids Using NMR and Density Functional Theory Methods. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0007538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Steve C. F. Au−Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Bonora GM, Scremin CL, Colonna FP, Garbesi A. HELP (high efficiency liquid phase) new oligonucleotide synthesis on soluble polymeric support. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18:3155-9. [PMID: 2356115 PMCID: PMC330918 DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.11.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, rapid and high-yielding method for the synthesis of oligonucleotides by the phosphotriesters approach is described. The use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as soluble polymeric support preserves some convenient features of the solid-phase synthesis with new interesting advantages. Short oligonucleotides in hundred milligrams scale can be obtained from few grams of functionalized PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Bonora
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Padova, Italy
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