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Šink R, Barreteau H, Patin D, Mengin-Lecreulx D, Gobec S, Blanot D. MurD enzymes: some recent developments. Biomol Concepts 2015; 4:539-56. [PMID: 25436755 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2013-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the peptide stem of bacterial peptidoglycan involves four enzymes, the Mur ligases (MurC, D, E and F). Among them, MurD is responsible for the ATP-dependent addition of d-glutamic acid to UDP-MurNAc-l-Ala, a reaction which involves acyl-phosphate and tetrahedral intermediates. Like most enzymes of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, MurD constitutes an attractive target for the design and synthesis of new antibacterial agents. Escherichia coli MurD has been the first Mur ligase for which the tridimensional (3D) structure was solved. Thereafter, several co-crystal structures with different ligands or inhibitors were released. In the present review, we will deal with work performed on substrate specificity, reaction mechanism and 3D structure of E. coli MurD. Then, a part of the review will be devoted to recent work on MurD orthologs from species other than E. coli and to cellular organization of Mur ligases and in vivo regulation of the MurD activity. Finally, we will review the different classes of MurD inhibitors that have been designed and assayed to date with the hope of obtaining new antibacterial compounds.
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2
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Azzolina BA, Yuan X, Anderson MS, El-Sherbeini M. The cell wall and cell division gene cluster in the Mra operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: cloning, production, and purification of active enzymes. Protein Expr Purif 2001; 21:393-400. [PMID: 11281713 DOI: 10.1006/prep.2001.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have cloned the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell wall biosynthesis and cell division gene cluster that corresponds to the mra operon in the 2-min region of the Escherichia coli chromosome. The organization of the two chromosomal regions in P. aeruginosa and E. coli is remarkably similar with the following gene order: pbp3/pbpB, murE, murF, mraY, murD, ftsW, murG, murC, ddlB, ftsQ, ftsA, ftsZ, and envA/LpxC. All of the above P. aeruginosa genes are transcribed from the same strand of DNA with very small, if any, intragenic regions, indicating that these genes may constitute a single operon. All five amino acid ligases, MurC, MurD, MurE, MurF, and DdlB, in addition to MurG and MraY were cloned in expression vectors. The four recombinant P. aeruginosa Mur ligases, MurC, MurD, MurE, and MurF were overproduced in E. coli and purified as active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Azzolina
- Department of Biochemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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3
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Vaganay S, Tanner ME, van Heijenoort J, Blanot D. Study of the reaction mechanism of the D-glutamic acid-adding enzyme from Escherichia coli. Microb Drug Resist 2000; 2:51-4. [PMID: 9158722 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.1996.2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The D-glutamic acid-adding enzyme of Escherichia coli, or MurD, was purified from an overproducing strain and a few aspects of its reaction mechanism were studied. The existence of a reactive cysteinyl residue was shown by the following experiments: (1) two thiol-modifying reagents, (5,5'-dithiobis)2-nitrobenzoic acid and 2-nitro-5-thiocyanobenzoic acid, inactivated the enzyme; (2) incubation with tetranitromethane led to inactivation and to the appearance of cysteic acid (not to 3-nitrotyrosine); (3) in each case, ATP or UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala (but not D-glutamic acid) protected the enzyme from inactivation. The existence of a reactive lysyl residue was shown by the action of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, a reagent specific for lysyl residues present in phosphate-binding sites. The formation of an acyl phosphate intermediate was consistent with three types of results: (1) the molecular isotope exchange reaction, which took place only in the presence of phosphate, but which was not strictly dependent on the presence of ADP; (2) a release of phosphate, measured by the molybdate assay, observed when the enzyme was incubated with ATP and UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala (without D-glutamic acid); (3) the appearance of a new radioactive compound (besides ATP and Pi) after incubation for a few minutes with UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala and [gamma-32P]ATP. Finally, the fact that phosphinate 1 was a good inhibitor of the enzyme (IC50 = 0.7 microM) strongly suggested that a tetrahedral transition state follows the acyl phosphate in the reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vaganay
- URA 1131 du CNRS, Båtiment 432, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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4
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El Zoeiby A, Sanschagrin F, Lamoureux J, Darveau A, Levesque RC. Cloning, over-expression and purification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa murC encoding uridine diphosphate N-acetylmuramate: L-alanine ligase. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2000; 183:281-8. [PMID: 10675598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08972.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We cloned and sequenced the murC gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa encoding a protein of 53 kDa. Multiple alignments with 20 MurC peptide sequences from different bacteria confirmed the presence of highly conserved regions having sequence identities ranging from 22-97% including conserved motifs for ATP-binding and the active site of the enzyme. Genetic complementation was done in Escherichia coli (murCts) suppressing the lethal phenotype. The murC gene was subcloned into the expression vector pET30a and overexpressed in E. coli BL21(lambdaDE3). Three PCR cloning strategies were used to obtain the three recombinant plasmids for expression of the native MurC, MurC His-tagged at N-terminal and at C-terminal, respectively. MurC His-tagged at C-terminal was chosen for large scale production and protein purification in the soluble form. The purification was done in a single chromatographic step on an affinity nickel column and obtained in mg quantities at 95% homogeneity. MurC protein was used to produce monoclonal antibodies for epitope mapping and for assay development in high throughput screenings. Detailed studies of MurC and other genes of the bacterial cell cycle will provide the reagents and strain constructs for high throughput screening and for design of novel antibacterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A El Zoeiby
- Centre de recherche sur la fonction, structure et ingénierie des protéines, Faculté de médecine, pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Ste-Foy, Que., Canada
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5
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Abstract
This map is an update of the edition 9 map by Berlyn et al. (M. K. B. Berlyn, K. B. Low, and K. E. Rudd, p. 1715-1902, in F. C. Neidhardt et al., ed., Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology, 2nd ed., vol. 2, 1996). It uses coordinates established by the completed sequence, expressed as 100 minutes for the entire circular map, and adds new genes discovered and established since 1996 and eliminates those shown to correspond to other known genes. The latter are included as synonyms. An alphabetical list of genes showing map location, synonyms, the protein or RNA product of the gene, phenotypes of mutants, and reference citations is provided. In addition to genes known to correspond to gene sequences, other genes, often older, that are described by phenotype and older mapping techniques and that have not been correlated with sequences are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Berlyn
- Department of Biology and School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8104, USA.
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6
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Auger G, Martin L, Bertrand J, Ferrari P, Fanchon E, Vaganay S, Pétillot Y, van Heijenoort J, Blanot D, Dideberg O. Large-scale preparation, purification, and crystallization of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine: D-glutamate ligase from Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 1998; 13:23-9. [PMID: 9631510 DOI: 10.1006/prep.1997.0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase from Escherichia coli, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit, was overproduced and purified to homogeneity on a large scale, yielding 4 mg of protein per liter of bacterial culture. Crystals of the complex with the substrate UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala were grown by the hanging drop method using ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. They are tetragonal with cell dimensions a = b = 65.5 A and c = 134.59 A, space group P4(1) or P4(3), and contain one monomer of 46,842 Da in the asymmetric unit. In order to use the multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction method for phasing, a selenomethionine derivative of the protein has also been overproduced, purified, and crystallized.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Auger
- Unité de Recherche Associée 1131, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Biochimie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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7
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El-Sherbeini M, Geissler WM, Pittman J, Yuan X, Wong KK, Pompliano DL. Cloning and expression of Staphylococcus aureus and Treptococcus pyogenes murD genes encoding uridine diphosphate N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligases. Gene X 1998; 210:117-25. [PMID: 9524242 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(98)00059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase (MurD), a cytoplasmic peptidoglycan biosynthetic enzyme, catalyzes the ATP-dependent addition of D-glutamate to an alanyl residue of the UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine precursor, generating the dipeptide. The murD gene was cloned from both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Sequence analysis of the S. aureus murD gene revealed an open reading frame of 449 amino acids. The deduced aa sequence of S. aureus MurD is highly homologous to MurD from Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Bacillus subtilis and St. pyogenes. Recombinant MurD protein from both S. aureus and St. pyogenes was separately overproduced in E. coli and purified as His-tagged fusion. Both recombinant enzymes catalyzed the ATP-dependent addition of D-glutamate to the precursor sugar peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Sherbeini
- Department of Enzymology, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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8
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Bertrand JA, Auger G, Fanchon E, Martin L, Blanot D, van Heijenoort J, Dideberg O. Crystal structure of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase from Escherichia coli. EMBO J 1997; 16:3416-25. [PMID: 9218784 PMCID: PMC1169967 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/16.12.3416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase (MurD) is a cytoplasmic enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan which catalyzes the addition of D-glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine (UMA). The crystal structure of MurD in the presence of its substrate UMA has been solved to 1.9 A resolution. Phase information was obtained from multiple anomalous dispersion using the K-shell edge of selenium in combination with multiple isomorphous replacement. The structure comprises three domains of topology each reminiscent of nucleotide-binding folds: the N- and C-terminal domains are consistent with the dinucleotide-binding fold called the Rossmann fold, and the central domain with the mononucleotide-binding fold also observed in the GTPase family. The structure reveals the binding site of the substrate UMA, and comparison with known NTP complexes allows the identification of residues interacting with ATP. The study describes the first structure of the UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-peptide ligase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bertrand
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (CEA-CNRS), Laboratoire de Cristallographie Macromoléculaire, Grenoble, France
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9
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Constantine KL, Mueller L, Goldfarb V, Wittekind M, Metzler WJ, Yanchunas J, Robertson JG, Malley MF, Friedrichs MS, Farmer BT. Characterization of NADP+ binding to perdeuterated MurB: backbone atom NMR assignments and chemical-shift changes. J Mol Biol 1997; 267:1223-46. [PMID: 9150408 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Backbone-atom resonances have been assigned for both the substrate-free and the NADP+-complexed forms of UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductase (MurB), a monomeric, 347-residue (38.5 kDa) flavoenzyme essential for bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis. NMR studies were performed using perdeuterated, uniformly 13C/15N-labeled samples of MurB. In the case of substrate-free MurB, one or more backbone atoms have been assigned for 334 residues (96%). The assigned backbone atoms include 309 1HN and 15N atoms (94%), 315 13CO atoms (91%), 331 13C(alpha) atoms (95%), and 297 13C(beta) atoms (93%). For NADP+-complexed MurB, one or more backbone atoms have been assigned for 313 residues (90%); these include 283 1HN and 15N atoms (86%), 305 13CO atoms (88%), 310 13C(alpha) atoms (89%), and 269 13C(beta) atoms (84%). The strategies used for obtaining resonance assignments are described in detail. Information on the secondary structure in solution for both the substrate-free and NADP+-complexed forms of the enzyme has been derived both from 13C(alpha) and 13C(beta) chemical-shift deviations from random-coil values and from 1HN-1HN NOEs. These data are compared to X-ray crystallographic structures of substrate-free MurB and MurB complexed with the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvate (UNAGEP) substrate. NADP+ binding induces significant chemical-shift changes in residues both within the known UNAGEP and FAD binding pockets and within regions known to undergo conformational changes upon UNAGEP binding. The NMR data indicate that NADP+ and UNAGEP utilize the same binding pocket and, furthermore, that the binding of NADP+ induces structural changes in MurB. Finally, many of the residues within the UNAGEP/NADP+ binding pocket were difficult to assign due to dynamic processes which weaken and/or broaden the respective resonances. Overall, our results are consistent with MurB having a flexible active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Constantine
- Division of Macromolecular Structure, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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10
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Liger D, Masson A, Blanot D, van Heijenoort J, Parquet C. Over-production, purification and properties of the uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanine ligase from Escherichia coli. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1995; 230:80-7. [PMID: 7601127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0080i.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanine ligase of Escherichia coli was over-produced in strains harbouring recombinant plasmids bearing the murC gene under the control of the lac or trc promoter. Plasmid pAM1005, in which the promoter and ribosome-binding site region of murC were removed and in which the gene was directly under the control of promoter trc, led to a 2000-fold amplification of the L-alanine-adding activity after induction by isopropyl-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The murC gene product was visualized as a 50-kDa protein accounting for approximately 50% of the cell protein. A two-step purification led to 1 g of a homogeneous protein from an 18-1 culture. The N-terminal sequence of the purified protein correlated with the nucleotide sequence of the murC gene. The presence of 2-mercaptoethanol and glycerol was essential for the stability of the enzyme. The Km values for UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid, L-alanine and ATP/Mg2+ were estimated at 100, 20 and 450 microM, respectively. Under the optimal in vitro conditions a turnover number of 928 min-1 was calculated and a copy number/cell of 600 could be roughly estimated. The specificity of the enzyme for its substrates was investigated with various analogues. The enzyme also catalysed the reverse reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liger
- Unité de Recherche Associée 1131 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, France
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11
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Abstract
The pectate-lyase-encoding gene pelB of Erwinia chrysanthemi Ec16 was used as a probe for hybridization to Rhizobium meliloti Rm1021 chromosomal DNA under low-stringency conditions. An Rm1021 DNA fragment that hybridized to this probe was cloned and sequenced. Results of RNA hybridization indicate that a portion of the cloned fragment is transcribed in R. meliloti. Although the Rm1021 fragment shares no significant nucleotide sequence identity with Ec16 pelB, it includes an ORF (open reading frame) that shares a high degree of nt sequence identity with the Escherichia coli murD gene. This gene codes for UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate synthetase, which catalyzes a step in the synthesis of the E. coli cell wall. The R. meliloti putative murD sequence is preceded by a partial ORF that shares sequence identity with mraY. The orientation of the two ORFs in R. meliloti is similar to that of the E. coli murD and mraY genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leach
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139
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12
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Chapter 3 Biosynthesis of the bacterial peptidoglycan unit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Pratviel-Sosa F, Mengin-Lecreulx D, van Heijenoort J. Over-production, purification and properties of the uridine diphosphate N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase from Escherichia coli. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1991; 202:1169-76. [PMID: 1765076 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase of Escherichia coli was over-produced in strains that harbour recombinant plasmids bearing the murD gene under the control of the lac or PR promoter. Purification to homogeneity was achieved by a two-step procedure from a 181-fold over-producing strain. The N-terminal sequence of the purified protein was determined and correlated with the nucleotide sequence of the murD gene. The purified activity was highly dependent on the concentration of potassium phosphate and Mg2+. The enzyme also catalysed the reverse reaction. The Km values for UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine; D-glutamate and ATP/Mg2+ were estimated at 7.5, 55 and 138 microM, respectively. Under the most optimal in vitro conditions determined, a turnover number of 931 min-1 was estimated. When considering the plasmid-free parental strain, the copy number of the murD gene product was not more than 1000.cell-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pratviel-Sosa
- Unité de Recherche Associée 1131 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Biochimie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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14
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Mengin-Lecreulx D, Texier L, Rousseau M, van Heijenoort J. The murG gene of Escherichia coli codes for the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase involved in the membrane steps of peptidoglycan synthesis. J Bacteriol 1991; 173:4625-36. [PMID: 1649817 PMCID: PMC208138 DOI: 10.1128/jb.173.15.4625-4636.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological properties of the murG gene product of Escherichia coli were investigated. The inactivation of the murG gene rapidly inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in exponentially growing cells. As a result, various alterations of cell shape are observed, and cell lysis finally occurs when the peptidoglycan content is 40% lower than that of normally growing cells. Analysis of the pools of peptidoglycan precursors reveals the concomitant accumulation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide (UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide) and, to a lesser extent, that of undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc-pentapeptide (lipid intermediate I), indicating that inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis occurs after formation of the cytoplasmic precursors. The relative depletion of the second lipid intermediate, undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc-(pentapeptide)GlcNAc, shows that inactivation of the murG gene product does not prevent the formation of lipid intermediate I but inhibits the next reaction in which GlcNAc is transferred to lipid intermediate I. In vitro assays for phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide translocase and N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase activities finally confirm the identification of the murG gene product as the transferase that catalyzes the conversion of lipid intermediate I to lipid intermediate II in the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway. Plasmids allowing for a high overproduction of the transferase and the determination of its N-terminal amino acid sequence were constructed. In cell fractionation experiments, the transferase is essentially associated with membranes when it is recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mengin-Lecreulx
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, URA 1131, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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15
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Ikeda M, Wachi M, Jung HK, Ishino F, Matsuhashi M. The Escherichia coli mraY gene encoding UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide: undecaprenyl-phosphate phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide transferase. J Bacteriol 1991; 173:1021-6. [PMID: 1846850 PMCID: PMC207220 DOI: 10.1128/jb.173.3.1021-1026.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amplification of the mraY gene, previously called open reading frame Y (ORF-Y, 1,080 bp), at 2 min in the chromosome map of Escherichia coli enhanced the activity of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide: undecaprenyl-phosphate phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide transferase (EC 2.7.8.13). This enzyme catalyzes the formation of undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide from UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide and undecaprenyl-phosphate, the first step in the lipid cycle reactions in biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycans. The enhanced enzyme activity was sensitive to tunicamycin, and the amino tunicamycin-sensitive N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Very probably mraY is the structural gene for the above enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ikeda
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Michaud C, Parquet C, Flouret B, Blanot D, van Heijenoort J. Revised interpretation of the sequence containing the murE gene encoding the UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-tripeptide synthetase of Escherichia coli. Biochem J 1990; 269:277-8. [PMID: 2198024 PMCID: PMC1131566 DOI: 10.1042/bj2690277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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New nucleotide sequence data on the EMBL File Server. Nucleic Acids Res 1990; 18:1667-73. [PMID: 2326212 PMCID: PMC330578 DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.6.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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