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Lourenço de Freitas N, Deberaldini MG, Gomes D, Pavan AR, Sousa Â, Dos Santos JL, Soares CP. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Therapeutic Interventions on Cervical Cancer Induced by Human Papillomavirus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:592868. [PMID: 33634093 PMCID: PMC7901962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.592868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of epigenetic modifications on the carcinogenesis process has received a lot of attention in the last years. Among those, histone acetylation is a process regulated by histone deacetylases (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferases (HAT), and it plays an important role in epigenetic regulation, allowing the control of the gene expression. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) induce cancer cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and cell death and reduce angiogenesis and other cellular events. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small, non-enveloped double-stranded DNA viruses. They are major human carcinogens, being intricately linked to the development of cancer in 4.5% of the patients diagnosed with cancer worldwide. Long-term infection of high-risk (HR) HPV types, mainly HPV16 and HPV18, is one of the major risk factors responsible for promoting cervical cancer development. In vitro and in vivo assays have demonstrated that HDACi could be a promising therapy to HPV-related cervical cancer. Regardless of some controversial studies, the therapy with HDACi could target several cellular targets which HR-HPV oncoproteins could be able to deregulate. This review article describes the role of HDACi as a possible intervention in cervical cancer treatment induced by HPV, highlighting the main advances reached in the last years and providing insights for further investigations regarding those agents against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Lourenço de Freitas
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Deberaldini
- Drugs and Medicines Department, School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Diana Gomes
- CICS-UBI - Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Aline Renata Pavan
- Drugs and Medicines Department, School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ângela Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- Drugs and Medicines Department, School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Christiane P Soares
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Deng LX, Wu GX, Cao Y, Fan B, Gao X, Luo L, Huang N. The chromosomal protein HMGN2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of β-defensins in A549 cells. FEBS J 2011; 278:2152-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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3
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Mazrimas JA, Laskaris M, Corzett M, Balhorn R. Separation of HMG Proteins by Reverse-Phase HPLC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918408074012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Gómez-Lira M, Bode J. Effects of butyrate upon the metaphase-specific deacetylation of histone H4. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Sanchez del Pino MM, Lopez-Rodas G, Sendra R, Tordera V. Properties of the yeast nuclear histone deacetylase. Biochem J 1994; 303 ( Pt 3):723-9. [PMID: 7980438 PMCID: PMC1137606 DOI: 10.1042/bj3030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A nuclear histone deacetylase from yeast was partially purified and some of its characteristics were studied. Histone deacetylase activity was stimulated in vitro by high-mobility-group nonhistone chromatin proteins 1 and 2 and ubiquitin and inhibited by spermine and spermidine, whereas n-butyrate had no significant inhibitory effect. Like the mammalian enzyme, partially purified histone deacetylase from yeast was strongly inhibited by trichostatin A. However, in crude extract preparations the yeast enzyme was not inhibited and treatment with trichostatin in vivo did not show any effect, either on the histone acetylation level or on cell viability. At low ionic strength, the enzyme can be isolated as a complex of high molecular mass that is much less inhibited by trichostatin A than is partially purified histone deacetylase activity. Furthermore, radiolabelled oligonucleosomes were more efficiently deacetylated by the complex than by the low-molecular-mass form of the enzyme. The histone deacetylase activity was separated from a polyamine deacetylase activity and its specificity studied. Using h.p.l.c.-purified core histone species as substrate, histone deacetylase from yeast is able to deacetylate all core histones with a slight preference for H3. Our results support the idea that the yeast histone deacetylase may act as a high-molecular-mass complex in vivo.
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Prasad S, Thakur MK. In vitro acetylation of the liver HMG non-histone proteins and its modulation by spermine and dexamethasone during aging of rats. Mol Biol Rep 1989; 13:221-4. [PMID: 3272347 DOI: 10.1007/bf00788174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro acetylation of HMG proteins was studied using liver slices of young (18-week) and old (138-week) male rats. Acetylation of total HMG proteins is lower in old age. The incorporation of (14C) acetate into individual HMG proteins varies remarkably with advancing age. Whereas acetylation of high mol. wt. proteins (HMG 1 and 2) is higher, that of low mol. wt. proteins (HMG 14 and 17) is lower in the liver of young rats as compared to the old ones. Spermine stimulates the acetylation of HMG 1 and 14 in young and HMG 1, 2 and 14 in old age. It inhibits the acetylation of HMG 17 in both ages. Dexamethasone decreases the level of incorporation of (14C) into HMG 1 and 17 in young and HMG 14 and 17 in old rats. On the other hand, it stimulates the acetylation of HMG 14 by two-fold in young and that of HMG 1 and 2 by more than three-fold in old rats. Such alteration in the acetylation of HMG proteins may account for age-related changes in the structure and function of chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prasad
- Centre of Advanced Study in Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, India
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7
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Sendra R, Rodrigo I, Salvador ML, Franco L. Characterization of pea histone deacetylases. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1988; 11:857-866. [PMID: 24272635 DOI: 10.1007/bf00019525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/1988] [Accepted: 09/27/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present paper is the first report on histone deacetylases from plants. Three enzyme fractions with histone deacetylase activity (HD0, HD1 and HD2) have been partially purified from pea (Pisum sativum) embryonic axes. They deacetylate biologically acetylated chicken histones and, to a lesser extent, chemically acetylated histones, this being a criterion of their true histone deacetylase nature. The three enzymes are able to accept nucleosomes as substrates. HD1 is not inhibited by n-butyrate up to 50 mM, whereas HD0 and HD2 are only slightly inhibited, thereby establishing a clear difference to animal histone deacetylases. The three activities are inhibited by acetate, Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) ions and mercurials, but are only scarcely affected by polyamines, in strong contrast with yeast histone deacetylase. Several criteria have been used to obtain cumulative evidence that HD0, HD1 and HD2 actually are three distinct enzymes. In vitro experiments with free histones show that HD0 deacetylates all four core histones, whereas HD1 and HD2 show a clear preference for H2A and H2B, the arginine-rich histones being deacetylated more slowly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sendra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculties of Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
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Lindner H, Helliger W, Puschendorf B. Separation of Friend erythroleukaemic cell histones and high-mobility-group proteins by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1988; 450:309-16. [PMID: 3241016 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)83585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A procedure for the rapid separation of histones and high-mobility-group (HMG) proteins from Friend erythroleukaemic cells (line F4N) by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography is reported. By using a Nucleosil 300-5 C4 column and a multistep water-acetonitrile gradient containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, the HMG-1 and HMG-2 proteins, several H1 subfractions including H1(0), H4, H2B, two H2A variants and two H3 subfractions were separated. Under changed conditions, by applying a varied acetonitrile gradient system, even two H2B variants were fractionated. The methods described seem to be a real alternative to the time-consuming polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lindner
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Zhang DE, Nelson DA. Histone acetylation in chicken erythrocytes. Rates of deacetylation in immature and mature red blood cells. Biochem J 1988; 250:241-5. [PMID: 3355515 PMCID: PMC1148839 DOI: 10.1042/bj2500241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We analysed the rates of histone deacetylation in chicken mature and immature red blood cells. A multiplicity of deacetylation rates was observed for the histones and these rates may be subdivided into two major categories based on the extent of histone acetylation. In one set of experiments, cells were labelled with [3H]acetate in the presence of the deacetylase inhibitor n-butyrate, thereby accumulating radiolabel in the hyperacetylated forms of the histone. These hyperacetylated forms are deacetylated rapidly. [3H]Acetate-labelled tetra-acetylated H4 (H4Ac4) in mature cells was deacetylated with an initial half-life (t1/2) of approximately 5 min (time required for the removal of one-half of the labelled acetyl groups). In immature cells, all [3H]acetate-labelled H4Ac4 was deacetylated with a t1/2 of approximately 5 min. Erythrocytes were also labelled with [3H]acetate for extended periods in the absence of the deacetylase inhibitor. During this period, radiolabel accumulated predominantly in the mono- and di-acetylated forms of the histone. Using this protocol, the rate of deacetylation of H4Ac1 was observed to be approximately 145 min for mature cells, and approximately 90 min for immature cells, demonstrating that the less extensively acetylated histone is deacetylated slowly. These results are discussed in the context of the rates of histone acetylation in chicken red blood cells described in the companion paper [Zhang & Nelson (1988) Biochem. J. 250, 233-240].
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Zhang
- Department of Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences, University of Houston, TX 77004
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10
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Riffe A, Delpech M, Levy-Favatier F, Boissel JP, Kruh J. Analysis and preparation of chromosomal high-mobility group proteins by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1985; 344:332-8. [PMID: 4086556 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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Chabanas A, Khoury E, Goeltz P, Froussard P, Gjerset R, Dod B, Eisen H, Lawrence JJ. Effects of butyric acid on cell cycle regulation and induction of histone H1(0) in mouse cells and tissue culture. Inducibility of H1 (0)in the late S-G2 phase of the cell cycle. J Mol Biol 1985; 183:141-51. [PMID: 4009723 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the regulation of the synthesis of histone H1(0) in cultured mammalian cells treated with butyric acid. Treatment of cells with the inducer results in the arrest of synthesis of DNA and the other histones, while increasing the synthesis of H1(0) by a factor of 11. The induction of H1(0) by butyric acid occurs in a pulse with a peak at six hours, followed by a decrease to negligible levels. This pulse-like induction appears to be due to the fact that the cells are inducible for H1(0) only in the late S or G2 phases of the cell cycle. This, coupled with the fact that butyric acid blocks cells in G1, results in the burst of H1(0) synthesis after addition of the inducer. The G1 block provoked by butyric acid does not appear to result from the accumulation of H1(0). Removal of butyric acid from G1-blocked cells resulted in the resumption of cellular proliferation without prior loss of H1(0), demonstrating that the presence of this histone is not sufficient to prevent cellular proliferation.
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12
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Elton TS, Reeves R. Microheterogeneity of the mammalian high-mobility group proteins 14 and 17 investigated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 1985; 146:448-60. [PMID: 4025809 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(85)90568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Microheterogeneity within the HMG-14 and HMG-17 group of nonhistone chromatin proteins has been investigated using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) under conditions (acetonitrile elution with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid as a weak ion-pairing agent) which separate proteins primarily on the basis of differences in their overall hydrophobicities. Ion-pair RP-HPLC proves to be a fast and efficient means for separating multiple subspecies of both the HMG-14 and the -17 proteins from both crude nuclear extracts and from ion-exchange column-purified protein samples obtained from different types of mammalian cell nuclei. In crude nuclear extracts at least two different HMG-14 protein species (one major and one minor) and three different HMG-17 species (two major and one minor) can be resolved by ion-pair RP-HPLC. The identity and purity of these HMG-14 and -17 protein species were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis. The amount of HMG protein microheterogeneity observed by RP-HPLC equals or exceeds that found for these proteins by other analytical techniques and the results suggest that this heterogeneity may be due to factors other than protein size or overall net charge variability.
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13
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Vincentz M, Gigot C. HMG-like protein in barley and corn nuclei. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1985; 4:161-168. [PMID: 24310753 DOI: 10.1007/bf02418763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/1984] [Revised: 08/02/1984] [Accepted: 08/25/1984] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal proteins have been isolated from barley (Hordeum vulgare) and corn (Zea mays) nuclei by extraction with 5% perchloric acid. In each plant, one protein was shown to belong to the HMG proteins. Their molecular weights are very close to that of HMG 14 from chicken erythrocytes, as shown by electrophoretic mobility in SDS polyacrylamide gels. In acetic acid-urea-Triton polyacrylamide gels they migrate between HMG 1,2 and HMG 14, from chicken erythrocytes. Their amino acid compositions are typical of HMG proteins, with equivalent high values of acidic and basic residues.Extraction of HMG's from purified barley chromatin fractions with 0.35 M NaCl considerably reduces histone H2 contamination and increases the yield of HMG up to 0.7% of the total histones. In this technique a second protein was extracted which is soluble in 2% Trichloroacetic acid and shows electrophoretic mobility analogous to those of HMG 14 and 17 from chicken erythrocytes. Whether or not these proteins are counterparts of the animal HMG's 1-2 or HMG's 14-17 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vincentz
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg, France
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14
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Bouchonneau M, Durand JP, London J, Pieri J. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of low mobility group non-histone proteins from myeloma cells. Electrophoresis 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150060407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Eukaryotic chromatin has a dynamic, complex hierarchical structure. Active gene transcription takes place on only a small proportion of it at a time. While many workers have tried to characterize active chromatin, we are still far from understanding all the biochemical, morphological and compositional features that distinguish it from inactive nuclear material. Active genes are apparently packaged in an altered nucleosome structure and are associated with domains of chromatin that are less condensed or more open than inactive domains. Active genes are more sensitive to nuclease digestions and probably contain specific nonhistone proteins which may establish and/or maintain the active state. Variant or modified histones as well as altered configurations or modifications of the DNA itself may likewise be involved. Practically nothing is known about the mechanisms that control these nuclear characteristics. However, controlled accessibility to regions of chromatin and specific sequences of DNA may be one of the primary regulatory mechanisms by which higher cells establish potentially active chromatin domains. Another control mechanism may be compartmentalization of active chromatin to certain regions within the nucleus, perhaps to the nuclear matrix. Topological constraints and DNA supercoiling may influence the active regions of chromatin and be involved in eukaryotic genomic functions. Further, the chromatin structure of various DNA regulatory sequences, such as promoters, terminators and enhancers, appears to partially regulate transcriptional activity.
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16
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Kelner DN, McCarty KS. Porcine liver nuclear histone acetyltransferase. Partial purification and basic properties. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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17
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Bode J. Nucleosomal conformations induced by the small HMG proteins or by histone hyperacetylation are distinct. Arch Biochem Biophys 1984; 228:364-72. [PMID: 6230048 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(84)90077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleosomal particles with a reduced electrophoretic mobility can arise from the presence of HMG proteins 14 and 17 or from hyperacetylating the histone core. Both forms have been prepared from Namalva (Burkitt lymphoma) cells. After deacetylation, sequences of the inducible but nontranscribed interferon-beta genes are still part of the low mobility class of particles suggesting that they carry a member of the small HMG proteins. A comparison of HMG-bonded and hyperacetylated particles on density gradient gels shows that in the first case slow mobilities arise from a reduced effective charge and in the second from an increased friction, i.e., a relaxed nucleosome structure. The interaction of HMG 14 with compact and relaxed nucleosomes has been compared to appreciate the role of histone acetylation. It is shown that hyperacetylation reduces the affinity and cooperativity of binding HMG and may be a prerequisite for an efficient transcription.
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18
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Malik N, Smulson M, Bustin M. Enrichment of acetylated histones in polynucleosomes containing high mobility group protein 17 revealed by immunoaffinity chromatography. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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19
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Waterborg JH, Matthews HR. Intranuclear localization of histone acetylation in Physarum polycephalum and the structure of functionally active chromatin. CELL BIOPHYSICS 1983; 5:265-79. [PMID: 6202412 DOI: 10.1007/bf02788625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Based on studies of histone acetylation in vivo in Physarum polycephalum, we present the following hypotheses: (1) Transcription-specific histone acetylation on histones H3 and H4 is a localized process at the nuclear matrix; (2) Histone acetylation in the S phase, which is specific for newly synthesized histones, occurs in an intranuclear nonlocalized process. These hypotheses can explain: (1) the histone specificity of histone acetylation that is dependent on the functional state of the chromatin; (2) the apparent absence of turnover of histone acetylation in the bulk of the chromatin despite a definite low level of steady-state acetylation of all four core histones in bulk chromatin; (3) the pattern of butyrate-induced hyperacetylation observed for active and inactive chromatin.
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20
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Egyh�zi E, Pigon A, Holst M, Rydlander L. Fractionation and characterization of rapidly phosphorylated nuclear proteins in salivary gland cells of Chironomus tentans. Chromosoma 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00329500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Walton GM, Gill GN. Identity of the in vivo phosphorylation site in high mobility group 14 protein in HeLa cells with the site phosphorylated by casein kinase II in vitro. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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22
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Histone deacetylase. Association with a nuclease resistant, high molecular weight fraction of HeLa cell chromatin. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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Investigations of the possible functions for glycosylation in the high mobility group proteins. Evidence for a role in nuclear matrix association. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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24
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Poirier GG, Niedergang C, Champagne M, Mazen A, Mandel P. Adenosine diphosphate ribosylation of chicken-erythrocyte histones H1, H5 and high-mobility-group proteins by purified calf-thymus poly(adenosinediphosphate-ribose) polymerase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 127:437-42. [PMID: 6293814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of histones H1, H5 and non-histone chromosomal high-mobility-group proteins HMG 1, 2, 14 and 17 from chicken erythrocytes by purified calf thymus poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was studied using acid/urea/Triton gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. With histone H1, besides ADP-ribosylated H1 supporting short chains of polymer, the appearance of H1 'dimer' was observed and this reaction was dependent on NAD concentration and incubation time. In addition, highly modified and/or aggregated species of histone H1 were observed. Histone H5 was slightly ADP-ribosylated at low NAD concentrations. At higher NAD concentrations or after longer incubations the formation of H5 'dimer' and of more modified forms of H5 could be observed. HMG 1 and HMG 2 were found to be ADP-ribosylated, the reaction being dependent on NAD concentration and time. Here again some discrete intermediates appeared. HMG 14 and HMG 17 were only slightly ADP-ribosylated under our experimental conditions. These results indicate that the purified DNA-independent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase can catalyse the formation of H1 'dimer' as in nuclei and nucleosomes and that H5 and HMG proteins can also be ADP-ribosylated and produce well-defined higher complexes. These modifications of nuclear proteins may provide a means of localized conformational changes of the chromatin structure in vivo.
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25
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Georgieva EI, Pashev IG, Tsanev RG. Distribution of acetylated forms of nucleosomal histones in fractionated chromatin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 216:88-92. [PMID: 7103517 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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26
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27
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28
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Waterborg JH, Matthews HR. Control of histone acetylation. Cell-cycle dependence of deacetylase activity in Physarum nuclei. Exp Cell Res 1982; 138:462-5. [PMID: 7075700 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(82)90200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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29
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Saffer JD, Glazer RI. The phosphorylation of high mobility group proteins 14 and 17 and their distribution in chromatin. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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30
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Mezquita J, Chiva M, Vidal S, Mezquita C. Effect of high mobility group nonhistone proteins HMG-20 (ubiquitin) and HMG-17 on histone deacetylase activity assayed in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res 1982; 10:1781-97. [PMID: 6280157 PMCID: PMC320566 DOI: 10.1093/nar/10.5.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We have used a method previously described by Reeves and Candido (1) to partially release histone deacetylase from cell nuclei together with putative regulators of the enzyme. Histone deacetylase released from testis cell nuclei and its putative regulators were separated by gel filtration in Sepharose 6B. A peak of low molecular weight contains a heat-stable factor that stimulate histone deacetylase in vitro. Many of the properties of the activator coincide with those of the protein HMG-20 (ubiquitin). Ubiquitin isolated from testis cell nuclei stimulated histone deacetylase in vitro. It has been suggested that HMG-17 partially inhibits histone deacetylase in Fried cell nuclei (2). In our system, HMG-17 shows no inhibitory effect on histone deacetylase activity
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31
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Kurokawa M, Hibino Y, Sugano N. Associations of benzo[a]pyrene with rat-liver chromatin and the chromatin protein. Chem Biol Interact 1982; 39:17-30. [PMID: 6277523 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(82)90003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Rat-liver nuclei were prepared in the course of time after the i.p. injection of [G-3H]benzo[a]pyrene ([3H]BP). The nuclei were lysed in the hypotonic buffer and centrifuged at 4000 X g. The recovery of the radioactivity of resulting supernatant (chromatin) was thus 91% at 24 h, 68% at 48 h and 74% at 168 h after the i.p. injection. The incorporation into nucleosome-oligomer fraction was always much more than into those of monomer and DNA-rich fractions. The preferential incorporation was found in the fraction which was enriched in non-histone chromatin proteins (NHCPs) of 49 000-55 000 daltons. This fraction steadily raised the incorporation level until at 168 h after the i.p. injection. In contrast, the levels of histone and DNA fractions were always very low. The significant incorporation was observed in the fraction which was composed of five classes of histones and low molecular-weight NHCPs (less than 30 000 daltons), despite the very low incorporation into the histone fraction. The fluorographic analysis revealed the predominant incorporations at the positions of molecular weight of 65 000, 52 000 and 44 000 daltons. In addition, the incorporations were clearly observed at the positions of 59 000, 49 000, 45 000, H1 histone, A24 protein and another one. On the other hand, these fractions were, at the final preparation steps, subjected to either dialysis of SDS-phenol treatment and/or acetone precipitation. The total recovery of radioactivity was thus 21% at 24 h, 32% at 48 h and 52% at 168 h after the i.p. injection. These results suggest that the chromatin contains considerable amounts of water-soluble, phenol and/or acetone-soluble BP-conjugates in the early period after the i.p. injection.
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Abstract
Sodium butyrate, at millimolar concentrations, when added to cell cultures produces many morphological and biochemical modifications in a reversible manner. Some of them occur in all cell lines. They concern regulatory mechanisms of gene expression and cell growth: an hyperacetylation of histone resulting from an inhibition of histone deacetylase and an arrest of cell proliferation are almost constantly observed. Some other modifications vary from one cell type to another: induction of proteins, including enzymes, hormones, hemoglobin, inhibition of cell differentiation, reversion of transformed characteristics of cells to normal morphological and biochemical pattern, increase in interferon antiviral efficiency and induction of integrated viruses. Most if not all these effects of butyrate could result from histone hyperacetylation, from changes in chromatin structures as measured by accessibility to DNases and from modifications in cytoskeleton assembly. We do not know at the present time whether butyrate acts on a very specific target site in cell or if it acts on several cell components.
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Cartwright IL, Abmayr SM, Fleischmann G, Lowenhaupt K, Elgin SC, Keene MA, Howard GC. Chromatin structure and gene activity: the role of nonhistone chromosomal proteins. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 13:1-86. [PMID: 6751690 DOI: 10.3109/10409238209108709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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34
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Bhullar BS, Candido EP. An alternative procedure for the isolation of high mobility group proteins. Anal Biochem 1981; 118:247-51. [PMID: 6461276 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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35
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Davie J, Saunders C. Chemical composition of nucleosomes among domains of calf thymus chromatin differing in micrococcal nuclease accessibility and solubility properties. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)43313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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36
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Reeves R, Chang D, Chung SC. Carbohydrate modifications of the high mobility group proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1981; 78:6704-8. [PMID: 6458817 PMCID: PMC349118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.6704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the results of numerous biochemical analyses which indicate that the "high mobility group" proteins (HMGs) of mouse and bovine cells are bona fide glycoproteins and can, in addition, be modified by poly(ADP-ribose) addition in vitro. The sugars N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, glucose, fucose, and one unknown sugar (possibly xylose) have been identified in purified preparations of HMGs 14 and 17. Furthermore, the fucose-specific lectin Ulex europeus agglutinin I bound both to the isolated HMGs and to monomer nucleosomes containing HMGs released from "active chromatin" by micrococcal nuclease digestion. Selective alkaline borohydride reductive cleavages of the HMGs suggested that the oligosaccharide prosthetic groups are primarily bound to these proteins by N-glycosidic linkages. The unexpected finding that the HMGs contain covalently bound complex carbohydrate moieties allows for a potentially great amount of variability and specificity in these proteins that may have important biological implications.
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Schröter H, Gómez-Lira MM, Plank KH, Bode J. The extent of histone acetylation induced by butyrate and the turnover of acetyl groups depend on the nature of the cell line. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1981; 120:21-8. [PMID: 7308217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cells possessing widely different physiological and morphological features have been treated with substances known to stimulate the differentiation of erythroleukemia cells. Only short fatty acids are capable of causing a hyperacetylation of the core histones and of enhancing the level of an H1-like protein in Chinese hamster ovary cells. While the time courses of a butyrate-mediated acetylation are similar for all cells, the maximum histone acetyl contents are much higher for the transformed cell of a given type. A withdrawal of butyrate rapidly (within 45 min) gives rise to a 'hypoacetylated state' for fibroblasts and transformed fibroblast (epithelial) cells from which there is a slow recovery. Lymphoid cells, on the other hand, display a marked persistance of the highly acetylated forms of histone H4.
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38
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Studies of acetylation and deacetylation in high mobility group proteins. Identification of the sites of acetylation in high mobility group proteins 14 and 17. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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39
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The large high mobility group proteins of rainbow trout are localized predominantly in the nucleus and nucleoli of a cultured trout cell line. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Abstract
During the last five years, considerable accumulation of data on nucleic acids metabolism leads to the discovery of a number of proteins designed to change the conformation of DNA and to "shape" it. Experimental results emphasize the importance of the conformation and the flexibility of DNA itself in such interactions. The mutual recognition of nucleic acids by proteins may be or not dependent on the nnucleotide sequence and in most cases is accompanied by conformational changes in the proteins involved. Among these are proteins that bind in stoichiometric amounts to DNA, proteins that promote the separation of the two strands in a duplex, and finally proteins that change the topology of DNA.
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41
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Greenwood P, Silver JC, Brown IR. Analysis of putative high-mobility-group (HMG) proteins in neuronal and glial nuclei from rabbit brain. Neurochem Res 1981; 6:673-9. [PMID: 6456426 DOI: 10.1007/bf00963883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Putative high-mobility-group (HMG) proteins 1, 2, and 17 were detected in neuronal and glial nuclei isolated from the cerebral hemisphere of rabbit brain. Although divergent chromatin structures are present in these two populations of brain nuclei (i.e., neuronal nuclei exhibit a short DNA repeat length), no differences were apparent in the electrophoretic mobilities of putative HMG proteins 1, 2, and 17 on SDS gels.
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Levinger L, Barsoum J, Varshavsky A. Two-dimensional hybridization mapping of nucleosomes. comparison of DNA and protein patterns. J Mol Biol 1981; 146:287-304. [PMID: 7265232 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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43
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Kitzis A, Tichonicky L, Defer N, Kruh J. Localization of phosphoproteins and of protein kinases in chromatin from butyrate treated HTC cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 97:530-7. [PMID: 7470113 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)90296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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44
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McKnight GS, Hager L, Palmiter RD. Butyrate and related inhibitors of histone deacetylation block the induction of egg white genes by steroid hormones. Cell 1980; 22:469-77. [PMID: 7448870 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The short chain aliphatic acid salts, butyrate and propionate, are effective inhibitors of histone deacetylation in chick oviduct at 2--5 mM; they also prevent the hormonal induction of the ovalbumin and transferrin genes. The less potent deacetylase inhibitor isobutyrate is correspondingly less effective in blocking egg white mRNA induction; acetate has little effect at concentrations up to 15 mM. Butyrate does not appear to alter estrogen receptor binding in the nucleus, total RNA synthesis, or protein synthesis during the early hours of treatment when its specific effects on deacetylation and egg white gene transcription are observed. In addition to preventing the induction, butyrate also causes a rapid deinduction when added to preinduced cultures; ovalbumin and transferrin gene transcription decline with a half-life of 15--30 min. The effects of butyrate on egg white mRNA induction and deacetylation are completely reversible, and mRNA induction resumes within 1 hr after removal of butyrate from the medium. These results suggest that the modification of either histones or other unidentified regulatory proteins by acetylation may play a role in the mechanism of estrogen-mediated gene induction.
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