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Tan Y, Tan T, Zhang S, Li B, Chen B, Zhou X, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhai B, Huang Q, Zhang L, Wang S. Temperature regulates negative supercoils to modulate meiotic crossovers and chromosome organization. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024:10.1007/s11427-024-2671-1. [PMID: 39048717 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-024-2671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Crossover recombination is a hallmark of meiosis that holds the paternal and maternal chromosomes (homologs) together for their faithful segregation, while promoting genetic diversity of the progeny. The pattern of crossover is mainly controlled by the architecture of the meiotic chromosomes. Environmental factors, especially temperature, also play an important role in modulating crossovers. However, it is unclear how temperature affects crossovers. Here, we examined the distribution of budding yeast axis components (Red1, Hop1, and Rec8) and the crossover-associated Zip3 foci in detail at different temperatures, and found that both increased and decreased temperatures result in shorter meiotic chromosome axes and more crossovers. Further investigations showed that temperature changes coordinately enhanced the hyperabundant accumulation of Hop1 and Red1 on chromosomes and the number of Zip3 foci. Most importantly, temperature-induced changes in the distribution of axis proteins and Zip3 foci depend on changes in DNA negative supercoils. These results suggest that yeast meiosis senses temperature changes by increasing the level of negative supercoils to increase crossovers and modulate chromosome organization. These findings provide a new perspective on understanding the effect and mechanism of temperature on meiotic recombination and chromosome organization, with important implications for evolution and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjin Tan
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Taicong Tan
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bo Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Beiyi Chen
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Binyuan Zhai
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qilai Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Liangran Zhang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Shunxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, 250012, China.
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White MA, Weiner B, Chu L, Lim G, Kleckner NE. Crossover Interference Mediates Multiscale Patterning Along Meiotic Chromosomes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.28.577645. [PMID: 38352537 PMCID: PMC10862706 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.28.577645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The classical phenomenon of crossover interference is a one-dimensional spatial patterning process that produces evenly spaced crossovers during meiosis. Quantitative analysis of diagnostic molecules along budding yeast chromosomes reveals that this process also sets up a second, interdigitated pattern of related but longer periodicity, in a "two-tiered" patterning process. The second tier corresponds to a previously mysterious minority set of crossovers. Thus, in toto, the two tiers account for all detected crossover events. Both tiers of patterning set up spatially clustered assemblies of three types of molecules ("triads") representing the three major components of meiotic chromosomes (crossover recombination complexes and chromosome axis and synaptonemal complex components), and give focal and domainal signals, respectively. Roles are suggested. All observed effects are economically and synthetically explained if crossover patterning is mediated by mechanical forces along prophase chromosomes. Intensity levels of domainal triad components are further modulated, dynamically, by the conserved protein remodeler Pch2/TRIP13.
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Fukute J, Maki K, Adachi T. The nucleolar shell provides anchoring sites for DNA untwisting. Commun Biol 2024; 7:83. [PMID: 38263258 PMCID: PMC10805735 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA underwinding (untwisting) is a crucial step in transcriptional activation. DNA underwinding occurs between the site where torque is generated by RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the site where the axial rotation of DNA is constrained. However, what constrains DNA axial rotation in the nucleus is yet unknown. Here, we show that the anchorage to the nuclear protein condensates constrains DNA axial rotation for DNA underwinding in the nucleolus. In situ super-resolution imaging of underwound DNA reveal that underwound DNA accumulates in the nucleolus, a nuclear condensate with a core-shell structure. Specifically, underwound DNA is distributed in the nucleolar core owing to RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) activities. Furthermore, underwound DNA in the core decreases when nucleolar shell components are prevented from binding to their recognition structure, G-quadruplex (G4). Taken together, these results suggest that the nucleolar shell provides anchoring sites that constrain DNA axial rotation for RNAPI-driven DNA underwinding in the core. Our findings will contribute to understanding how nuclear protein condensates make up constraints for the site-specific regulation of DNA underwinding and transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Fukute
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics, Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics, Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Micro Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Taiji Adachi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics, Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Micro Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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Shinohara M, Shinohara A. The Msh5 complex shows homeostatic localization in response to DNA double-strand breaks in yeast meiosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1170689. [PMID: 37274743 PMCID: PMC10232913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1170689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic crossing over is essential for the segregation of homologous chromosomes. The formation and distribution of meiotic crossovers (COs), which are initiated by the formation of double-strand break (DSB), are tightly regulated to ensure at least one CO per bivalent. One type of CO control, CO homeostasis, maintains a consistent level of COs despite fluctuations in DSB numbers. Here, we analyzed the localization of proteins involved in meiotic recombination in budding yeast xrs2 hypomorphic mutants which show different levels of DSBs. The number of cytological foci with recombinases, Rad51 and Dmc1, which mark single-stranded DNAs at DSB sites is proportional to the DSB numbers. Among the pro-CO factor, ZMM/SIC proteins, the focus number of Zip3, Mer3, or Spo22/Zip4, was linearly proportional to reduced DSBs in the xrs2 mutant. In contrast, foci of Msh5, a component of the MutSγ complex, showed a non-linear response to reduced DSBs. We also confirmed the homeostatic response of COs by genetic analysis of meiotic recombination in the xrs2 mutants and found a chromosome-specific homeostatic response of COs. Our study suggests that the homeostatic response of the Msh5 assembly to reduced DSBs was genetically distinct from that of the Zip3 assembly for CO control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Shinohara
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Shinohara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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