1
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Xie Z, Tian Y, Guo X, Xie N. The emerging role of CARM1 in cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00943-9. [PMID: 38619752 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), pivotal for catalyzing arginine methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, plays a crucial role in developing various cancers. CARM1 was initially recognized as a transcriptional coregulator by orchestrating chromatin remodeling, transcription regulation, mRNA splicing and stability. This diverse functionality contributes to the recruitment of transcription factors that foster malignancies. Going beyond its established involvement in transcriptional control, CARM1-mediated methylation influences a spectrum of biological processes, including the cell cycle, metabolism, autophagy, redox homeostasis, and inflammation. By manipulating these physiological functions, CARM1 becomes essential in critical processes such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, it emerges as a viable target for therapeutic intervention and a possible biomarker for medication response in specific cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the various physiological functions of CARM1 in the context of cancer. Furthermore, we discuss potential CARM1-targeting pharmaceutical interventions for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhuo Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaohan Guo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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2
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Ma Z, Lyu X, Qin N, Liu H, Zhang M, Lai Y, Dong B, Lu P. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1: A versatile player in cell differentiation and development. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2383-2392. [PMID: 37554200 PMCID: PMC10404874 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification involved in the regulation of various cellular functions. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a protein arginine methyltransferase that asymmetrically dimethylates histone H3 and non-histone proteins to regulate gene transcription. CARM1 has been found to play important roles in cell differentiation and development, cell cycle progression, autophagy, metabolism, pre-mRNA splicing and transportation, and DNA replication. In this review, we describe the molecular characteristics of CARM1 and summarize its roles in the regulation of cell differentiation and development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Ma
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xinxing Lyu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Yongchao Lai
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peiyuan Lu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Immunology, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
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3
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Zheng K, Chen S, Ren Z, Wang Y. Protein arginine methylation in viral infection and antiviral immunity. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5292-5318. [PMID: 37928266 PMCID: PMC10620831 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.89498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT)-mediated arginine methylation is an important post-transcriptional modification that regulates various cellular processes including epigenetic gene regulation, genome stability maintenance, RNA metabolism, and stress-responsive signal transduction. The varying substrates and biological functions of arginine methylation in cancer and neurological diseases have been extensively discussed, providing a rationale for targeting PRMTs in clinical applications. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated an interplay between arginine methylation and viral infections. PRMTs have been found to methylate and regulate several host cell proteins and different functional types of viral proteins, such as viral capsids, mRNA exporters, transcription factors, and latency regulators. This modulation affects their activity, subcellular localization, protein-nucleic acid and protein-protein interactions, ultimately impacting their roles in various virus-associated processes. In this review, we discuss the classification, structure, and regulation of PRMTs and their pleiotropic biological functions through the methylation of histones and non-histones. Additionally, we summarize the broad spectrum of PRMT substrates and explore their intricate effects on various viral infection processes and antiviral innate immunity. Thus, comprehending the regulation of arginine methylation provides a critical foundation for understanding the pathogenesis of viral diseases and uncovering opportunities for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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4
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Qin J, Xu J. Arginine methylation in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. FEBS J 2022; 289:7292-7303. [PMID: 34358413 PMCID: PMC10181118 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics during embryonic development, wound healing, fibrosis, and in cancer in a processed termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Regulatory networks of EMT are controlled by post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms, in which arginine methylation is critically involved. Here, we review arginine methylation-dependent mechanisms that regulate EMT in the aspects of signaling, transcriptional, and splicing regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qin
- Central laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Norris Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Carm1 and the Epigenetic Control of Stem Cell Function. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1143-1150. [DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a methyltransferase whose function has been highly studied in the context of nuclear receptor signaling. However, CARM1 is known to epigenetically regulate expression of several myogenic genes involved in differentiation such as Myog and MEF2C. CARM1 also acts to regulate myogenesis through its influence on various cellular processes from embryonic to adult myogenesis. First, CARM1 has a crucial role in establishing polarity-regulated gene expression during an asymmetric satellite cell division by methylating PAX7, leading to the expression of Myf5. Second, satellite cells express the CARM1-FL and CARM1-ΔE15 isoforms. The former has been shown to promote pre-mRNA splicing through its interaction with CA150 and U1C, leading to their methylation and increased activity, while the latter displays a reduction in both metrics, thus, modulating alternative pre-mRNA splice forms in muscle cells. Third, CARM1 is a regulator of autophagy through its positive reinforcement of AMPK activity and gene expression. Autophagy already has known implications in ageing and disease, and CARM1 could follow suite. Thus, CARM1 is a central regulator of several important processes impacting muscle stem cell function and myogenesis.
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6
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Zhang Y, van Haren MJ, Marechal N, Troffer-Charlier N, Cura V, Cavarelli J, Martin NI. A Direct Assay for Measuring the Activity and Inhibition of Coactivator-Associated Arginine Methyltransferase 1. Biochemistry 2022; 61:1055-1063. [PMID: 35579944 PMCID: PMC9178793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a member of the family of protein arginine methyltransferases. CARM1 catalyzes methyl group transfer from the cofactor S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet) to both histone and nonhistone protein substrates. CARM1 is involved in a range of cellular processes, mainly involving RNA transcription and gene regulation. As the aberrant expression of CARM1 has been linked to tumorigenesis, the enzyme is a potential therapeutic target, leading to the development of inhibitors and tool compounds engaging with CARM1. To evaluate the effects of these compounds on the activity of CARM1, sensitive and specific analytical methods are needed. While different methods are currently available to assess the activity of methyltransferases, these assays mainly focus on either the measurement of the cofactor product S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (AdoHcy) or employ radioactive or expensive reagents, each with their own advantages and limitations. To complement the tools currently available for the analysis of CARM1 activity, we here describe the development of a convenient assay employing peptide substrates derived from poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP1). This operationally straightforward liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based approach allows for the direct detection of substrate methylation with minimal workup. The method was validated, and its value in characterizing CARM1 activity and inhibition was demonstrated through a comparative analysis involving a set of established small molecules and peptide-based CARM1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Zhang
- Biological
Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs J. van Haren
- Biological
Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Marechal
- Department
of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique
et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM
U 1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch F-67404, France
| | - Nathalie Troffer-Charlier
- Department
of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique
et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM
U 1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch F-67404, France
| | - Vincent Cura
- Department
of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique
et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM
U 1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch F-67404, France
| | - Jean Cavarelli
- Department
of Integrated Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique
et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM
U 1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch F-67404, France
| | - Nathaniel I. Martin
- Biological
Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Systematic pan-cancer landscape identifies CARM1 as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:7. [PMID: 35033016 PMCID: PMC8761291 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-01022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Belonging to the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family, the enzyme encoded by coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) catalyzes the methylation of protein arginine residues, especially acts on histones and other chromatin related proteins, which is essential in regulating gene expression. Beyond its well-established involvement in the regulation of transcription, recent studies have revealed a novel role of CARM1 in tumorigenesis and development, but there is still a lack of systematic understanding of CARM1 in human cancers. An integrated analysis of CARM1 in pan-cancer may contribute to further explore its prognostic value and potential immunological function in tumor therapy. RESULTS Based on systematic analysis of data in multiple databases, we firstly verified that CARM1 is highly expressed in most tumors compared with corresponding normal tissues, and is bound up with poor prognosis in some tumors. Subsequently, relevance between CARM1 expression level and tumor immune microenvironment is analyzed from the perspectives of tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair genes, methyltransferases genes, immune checkpoint genes and immune cells infiltration, indicating a potential relationship between CARM1 expression and tumor microenvironment. A gene enrichment analysis followed shortly, which implied that the role of CARM1 in tumor pathogenesis may be related to transcriptional imbalance and viral carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our first comprehensive bioinformatics analysis provides a broad molecular perspective on the role of CARM1 in various tumors, highlights its value in clinical prognosis and potential association with tumor immune microenvironment, which may furnish an immune based antitumor strategy to provide a reference for more accurate and personalized immunotherapy in the future.
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8
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Samuel SF, Barry A, Greenman J, Beltran-Alvarez P. Arginine methylation: the promise of a 'silver bullet' for brain tumours? Amino Acids 2021; 53:489-506. [PMID: 33404912 PMCID: PMC8107164 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite intense research efforts, our pharmaceutical repertoire against high-grade brain tumours has not been able to increase patient survival for a decade and life expectancy remains at less than 16 months after diagnosis, on average. Inhibitors of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) have been developed and investigated over the past 15 years and have now entered oncology clinical trials, including for brain tumours. This review collates recent advances in the understanding of the role of PRMTs and arginine methylation in brain tumours. We provide an up-to-date literature review on the mechanisms for PRMT regulation. These include endogenous modulators such as alternative splicing, miRNA, post-translational modifications and PRMT-protein interactions, and synthetic inhibitors. We discuss the relevance of PRMTs in brain tumours with a particular focus on PRMT1, -2, -5 and -8. Finally, we include a future perspective where we discuss possible routes for further research on arginine methylation and on the use of PRMT inhibitors in the context of brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonia Barry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - John Greenman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Suresh S, Huard S, Dubois T. CARM1/PRMT4: Making Its Mark beyond Its Function as a Transcriptional Coactivator. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:402-417. [PMID: 33485722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), identified 20 years ago as a coregulator of transcription, is an enzyme that catalyzes arginine methylation of proteins. Beyond its well-established involvement in the regulation of transcription, the physiological functions of CARM1 are still poorly understood. However, recent studies have revealed novel roles of CARM1 in autophagy, metabolism, paraspeckles, and early development. In addition, CARM1 is emerging as an attractive therapeutic target and a drug response biomarker for certain types of cancer. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure of CARM1 and its post-translational modifications, its various functions, apart from transcriptional coactivation, and its involvement in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyuktha Suresh
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Solène Huard
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Institut Curie - PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Breast Cancer Biology Group, 75005 Paris, France.
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10
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Zheng M, Niu Y, Bu J, Liang S, Zhang Z, Liu J, Guo L, Zhang Z, Wang Q. ESRP1 regulates alternative splicing of CARM1 to sensitize small cell lung cancer cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3554-3572. [PMID: 33495408 PMCID: PMC7906186 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) is an RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing of mRNA. ESRP1 plays an important role in chemoresistance of various cancers, including breast cancer, colon cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the role of ESRP1 and its mechanism in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) chemoresistance remains unclear. In this study, we found that ESRP1 is significantly downregulated in SCLC chemo-resistant cells compared with chemo-sensitive cells. Moreover, the expression of ESRP1 was significantly lower in SCLC tissues than that in normal adjacent tissues and positively correlated with overall survival. Overexpression of ESRP1 increased SCLC chemosensitivity, and induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, whereas knockdown of ESRP1 induced the opposite effects. ESRP1 could inhibit the growth of SCLC in vivo. Through mRNA transcriptome sequencing, we found that ESRP1 regulates coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) to produce two different transcripts CARM1FL and CARM1ΔE15 by alternative splicing. ESRP1 affects the chemoresistance of SCLC by changing the content of different transcripts of CARM1. Furthermore, CARM1 regulates arginine methylation of Smad7, activates the TGF-β/Smad pathway and induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby promoting SCLC chemoresistance. Collectively, our study firstly demonstrates that ESRP1 inhibits the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway by regulating alternative splicing of CARM1, thereby reversing chemoresistance of SCLC. The splicing factor ESRP1 may serve as a new drug resistance marker molecule and a potential therapeutic target in SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Niu
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shumei Liang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Qiongyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Hartley AV, Lu T. Modulating the modulators: regulation of protein arginine methyltransferases by post-translational modifications. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1735-1743. [PMID: 32629172 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of targeting protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is inextricably linked to their key roles in various cellular functions, including splicing, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and DNA damage signaling. Unsurprisingly, the development of inhibitors against these enzymes has become a rapidly expanding research area. However, effective targeting of PRMTs requires a deeper understanding of the mechanistic details behind their regulation at multiple levels, involving those mechanisms that alter their activity, interactions, and localization. Recently, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of PRMTs have emerged as another crucial aspect of this regulation. Here, we review the regulatory role of PTMs in the activity and function of PRMTs, with emphasis on the contribution of these PTMs to pathological states, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 975 W. Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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12
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Liu J, Feng J, Li L, Lin L, Ji J, Lin C, Liu L, Zhang N, Duan D, Li Z, Huang B, Zhang Y, Lu J. Arginine methylation-dependent LSD1 stability promotes invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48597. [PMID: 31833203 PMCID: PMC7001506 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine demethylase 1 (LSD1), the first identified histone demethylase, is overexpressed in multiple tumor types, including breast cancer. However, the mechanisms that cause LSD1 dysregulation in breast cancer remain largely unclear. Here, we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4 or CARM1) dimethylates LSD1 at R838, which promotes the binding of the deubiquitinase USP7, resulting in the deubiquitination and stabilization of LSD1. Moreover, CARM1- and USP7-dependent LSD1 stabilization plays a key role in repressing E-cadherin and activating vimentin transcription through promoter H3K4me2 and H3K9me2 demethylation, respectively, which promotes invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Consistently, LSD1 arginine methylation levels correlate with tumor grade in human malignant breast carcinoma samples. Our findings unveil a unique mechanism controlling LSD1 stability by arginine methylation, also highlighting the role of the CARM1-USP7-LSD1 axis in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jingxin Feng
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
- Present address:
Laboratory of Cellular OncologyCenter for Cancer Research (CCR)National Cancer Institute (NCI)BethesdaMDUSA
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyDepartment of Bone and Soft Tissue OncologyNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Luyao Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jiafei Ji
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Cong Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Lingxia Liu
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Na Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Dandan Duan
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhongwei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Baiqu Huang
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jun Lu
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
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13
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Haghandish N, Baldwin RM, Morettin A, Dawit HT, Adhikary H, Masson JY, Mazroui R, Trinkle-Mulcahy L, Côté J. PRMT7 methylates eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α and regulates its role in stress granule formation. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:778-793. [PMID: 30699057 PMCID: PMC6589776 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-05-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes that modify proteins by methylating the guanidino nitrogen atoms of arginine residues to regulate cellular processes such as chromatin remodeling, pre-mRNA splicing, and signal transduction. PRMT7 is the single type III PRMT solely capable of arginine monomethylation. To date, other than histone proteins, there are very few identified substrates of PRMT7. We therefore performed quantitative mass spectrometry experiments to identify PRMT7’s interactome and potential substrates to better characterize the enzyme’s biological function(s) in cells. These experiments revealed that PRMT7 interacts with and can methylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), in vitro and in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we uncovered a potential regulatory interplay between eIF2α arginine methylation by PRMT7 and stress-induced phosphorylation status of eIF2α at serine 51. Finally, we demonstrated that PRMT7 is required for eIF2α-dependent stress granule formation in the face of various cellular stresses. Altogether, our findings implicate PRMT7 as a novel mediator of eIF2α-dependent cellular stress response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Haghandish
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - R Mitchell Baldwin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alan Morettin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Haben Tesfu Dawit
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hemanta Adhikary
- Oncology Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- Oncology Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rachid Mazroui
- Oncology Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Côté
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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Tang LT, Ran XQ, Mao N, Zhang FP, Niu X, Ruan YQ, Yi FL, Li S, Wang JF. Analysis of alternative splicing events by RNA sequencing in the ovaries of Xiang pig at estrous and diestrous. Theriogenology 2018; 119:60-68. [PMID: 29982137 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is an important mechanism for controlling gene expression, which regulates multiple biological processes in higher organisms. Chinese indigenous Xiang pig has distinctive biological characteristics, such as small size, early sexual maturity, lower litter size and not very clear exhibition of estrous behaviors. To further understand how AS responds to estrous cycles in Xiang pig, the genome-wide analysis of AS events was performed by RNA-seq method in Xiang pig ovaries at diestrous and estrous. Using ASprofile program, we analyzed twelve basic AS events in Xiang pig ovaries and identified 68,775 AS events in 15,142 genes from diestrous ovaries and 69,493 AS events in 15,291 genes from the estrous ovaries with average 4.54 splicing events. 94.4-95.5% of expressed genes underwent alternative splicing in this tissues. The frequencies of AS events were similar to each other at diestrous and estrous. Transcription start site (TSS) was the predominant type of AS events, followed by transcription terminal site (TTS), and skipped exon (SKIP). The remaining type of AS events, e.g., intron retention (IR) and alternative exon ends (AE), showed the lower frequencies. Further comparison analysis of gene expression indicated that 4,433 genes had at least one splice variant differentially expressed during estrous, whereas only 2,382 of them were differentially expressed at gene level. Numerous genes involved in gonad development and hormone metabolism were differentially regulated through AS. Twelve genes with different types of alternatively splicing were validated by using RT-PCR method. The GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis clearly revealed that a lot of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and DSGs (differentially spliced genes) were involved in follicular development and ovarian steroid biosynthesis. A large number of DSGs, although not differentially expressed, were enriched in circadian rhythm and several signaling pathways. These pathways potentially regulated the female animal reproductive function in gene and/or AS level. Our results suggested that alternative splicing play an essential role in regulation of gene expression in female pigs during estrous. Numerous genes involved in gonad development, hormone metabolism, circadian rhythm were differentially regulated through alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ting Tang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue-Qin Ran
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Ning Mao
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fu-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xi Niu
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi-Qi Ruan
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fan-Li Yi
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia-Fu Wang
- Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; Tongren University, Tongren, China.
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15
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Chang NC, Sincennes MC, Chevalier FP, Brun CE, Lacaria M, Segalés J, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Ming H, Rudnicki MA. The Dystrophin Glycoprotein Complex Regulates the Epigenetic Activation of Muscle Stem Cell Commitment. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 22:755-768.e6. [PMID: 29681515 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetrically dividing muscle stem cells in skeletal muscle give rise to committed cells, where the myogenic determination factor Myf5 is transcriptionally activated by Pax7. This activation is dependent on Carm1, which methylates Pax7 on multiple arginine residues, to recruit the ASH2L:MLL1/2:WDR5:RBBP5 histone methyltransferase complex to the proximal promoter of Myf5. Here, we found that Carm1 is a specific substrate of p38γ/MAPK12 and that phosphorylation of Carm1 prevents its nuclear translocation. Basal localization of the p38γ/p-Carm1 complex in muscle stem cells occurs via binding to the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) through β1-syntrophin. In dystrophin-deficient muscle stem cells undergoing asymmetric division, p38γ/β1-syntrophin interactions are abrogated, resulting in enhanced Carm1 phosphorylation. The resulting progenitors exhibit reduced Carm1 binding to Pax7, reduced H3K4-methylation of chromatin, and reduced transcription of Myf5 and other Pax7 target genes. Therefore, our experiments suggest that dysregulation of p38γ/Carm1 results in altered epigenetic gene regulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C Chang
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Sincennes
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Fabien P Chevalier
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Caroline E Brun
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Melanie Lacaria
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Jessica Segalés
- Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), ICREA and Spanish National, Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), ICREA and Spanish National, Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hong Ming
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 85M, Canada.
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16
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Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 targeted by miR-126 correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:161-169. [PMID: 27754994 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway dominates numerous cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which play a crucial role in human cancer malignancies. Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) is a pivotal molecule involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is worthy of intensive research as a potential target in cancer treatment. In this study, we found that RGS3 is significantly upregulated in gastric cancer (GC) tumor samples compared with normal samples from the analysis of two independent GC mRNA microarray datasets in the NCBI public database. Further immunohistochemistry assay and western-blot experiments confirmed this finding on the basis of the results of our own 102 paired GC specimens and three GC cell lines. We found that a high expression of RGS3 is associated with advanced TNM stages and more aggressive malignant behaviors. In addition, the association of overexpression of RGS3 and poor overall survival and progression-free survival outcomes suggests that RGS3 has the potential to serve as a molecular therapy target for GC. Interestingly, our pathways analysis and the follow-up dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that there is a direct 3'-untranslated region binding site between RGS3 mRNA and microRNA-126, a GC inhibitor. On the basis of all the above evidences, our findings suggest that overexpressed RGS3 regulated by microRNA-126 through the post-transcriptional modulation is associated significantly with a poor prognosis of GC patients.
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17
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Jin S, Su H, Tran NT, Song J, Lu SS, Li Y, Huang S, Abdel-Wahab O, Liu Y, Zhao X. Splicing factor SF3B1K700E mutant dysregulates erythroid differentiation via aberrant alternative splicing of transcription factor TAL1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175523. [PMID: 28545085 PMCID: PMC5436638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 60% of myeloid dysplasia syndrome (MDS) contains mutations in genes encoding for splicing factors such as SF3B1, U2AF, SRSF2 and ZRSR2. Mutations in SF3B1 are associated with 80% cases of refractory anemia with ring sideroblast (RARS), a subtype of MDS. SF3B1K700E is the most frequently mutated site among mutations on SF3B1. Yet the molecular mechanisms on how mutations of splicing factors lead to defective erythropoiesis are not clear. SF3B1K700E mutant binds to an RNA binding protein, RBM15, stronger than the wild type SF3B1 protein in co-immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, K700E mutant alters the RNA splicing of transcription factors TAL1 and GATA1. Via alternative RNA splicing, a novel short TAL1 transcript variant (TAL1s) is generated. Enhanced interaction between SF3B1 and RBM15 promotes the production of full-length TAL1 (TAL1fl) mRNA, while reduction of RBM15 protein level via PRMT1-mediated degradation pathway changes TAL1s/TAL1fl ratio in favor of TAL1s. TAL1s contains the helix-loop-helix DNA binding domain but not the N terminal region upstream of the DNA binding domain. The TAL1s protein loses its interaction with ETO2, which represses early erythropoiesis. In this vein, overexpression of TAL1s stimulates the transcription of β-hemoglobin in human leukemia K562 cells and promotes erythroid differentiation of human cord blood CD34+ cells cultured in erythropoietin-containing medium. Therefore, mutations of SF3B1 may block erythropoiesis via dysregulation of alternative RNA splicing of transcription factor TAL1, and targeting PRMT1 may alleviate the anemic symptoms in MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiling Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Hairui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Ngoc-Tung Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sydney S. Lu
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ying Li
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau. China
| | - Suming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YYL); (XZ)
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YYL); (XZ)
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18
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DesJarlais R, Tummino PJ. Role of Histone-Modifying Enzymes and Their Complexes in Regulation of Chromatin Biology. Biochemistry 2016; 55:1584-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renee DesJarlais
- Lead Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Peter J. Tummino
- Lead Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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19
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Morales Y, Cáceres T, May K, Hevel JM. Biochemistry and regulation of the protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 590:138-152. [PMID: 26612103 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many key cellular processes can be regulated by the seemingly simple addition of one, or two, methyl groups to arginine residues by the nine known mammalian protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). The impact that arginine methylation has on cellular well-being is highlighted by the ever growing evidence linking PRMT dysregulation to disease states, which has marked the PRMTs as prominent pharmacological targets. This review is meant to orient the reader with respect to the structural features of the PRMTs that account for catalytic activity, as well as provide a framework for understanding how these enzymes are regulated. An overview of what we understand about substrate recognition and binding is provided. Control of product specificity and enzyme processivity are introduced as necessary but flexible features of the PRMTs. Precise control of PRMT activity is a critical component to eukaryotic cell health, especially given that an arginine demethylase has not been identified. We therefore conclude the review with a comprehensive discussion of how protein arginine methylation is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalemi Morales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Tamar Cáceres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Kyle May
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Joan M Hevel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
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20
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Baldwin RM, Haghandish N, Daneshmand M, Amin S, Paris G, Falls TJ, Bell JC, Islam S, Côté J. Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 promotes breast cancer cell invasion through the induction of MMP9 expression. Oncotarget 2015; 6:3013-32. [PMID: 25605249 PMCID: PMC4413634 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence points to the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family of enzymes playing critical roles in cancer. PRMT7 has been identified in several gene expression studies to be associated with increased metastasis and decreased survival in breast cancer patients. However, this has not been extensively studied. Here we report that PRMT7 expression is significantly upregulated in both primary breast tumour tissues and in breast cancer lymph node metastases. We have demonstrated that reducing PRMT7 levels in invasive breast cancer cells using RNA interference significantly decreased cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of PRMT7 in non-aggressive MCF7 cells enhanced their invasiveness. Furthermore, we show that PRMT7 induces the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), a well-known mediator of breast cancer metastasis. Importantly, we significantly rescued invasion of aggressive breast cancer cells depleted of PRMT7 by the exogenous expression of MMP9. Our results demonstrate that upregulation of PRMT7 in breast cancer may have a significant role in promoting cell invasion through the regulation of MMP9. This identifies PRMT7 as a novel and potentially significant biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mitchell Baldwin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nasim Haghandish
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manijeh Daneshmand
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahrier Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geneviève Paris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theresa J Falls
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John C Bell
- Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Côté
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Wang L, Zeng H, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Boyer TG, Bian X, Xu W. MED12 methylation by CARM1 sensitizes human breast cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500463. [PMID: 26601288 PMCID: PMC4646802 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The RNA polymerase II mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) is frequently mutated in human cancers, and loss of MED12 has been shown to induce drug resistance through activation of transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGF-βR) signaling. We identified MED12 as a substrate for coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1). Not only are the expression levels of CARM1 and MED12 positively correlated, but their high expression also predicts better prognosis in human breast cancers after chemotherapy. MED12 was methylated at R1862 and R1912 by CARM1, and mutation of these sites in cell lines resulted in resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, we showed that the methylation-dependent drug response mechanism is distinct from activation of TGF-βR signaling, because methylated MED12 potently suppresses p21/WAF1 transcription. Cells defective in MED12 methylation have up-regulated p21 protein, which correlates with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Collectively, this study identifies MED12 methylation as a sensor for predicting response to commonly used chemotherapy drugs in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hao Zeng
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zibo Zhao
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Thomas G. Boyer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229–3900, USA
| | - Xiuwu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Xu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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22
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Harada N, Takagi T, Nakano Y, Yamaji R, Inui H. Protein arginine methyltransferase 10 is required for androgen-dependent proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1430-7. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1025035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is the master regulator of prostate cell growth. Here, to better understand AR signaling, we searched for AR-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybrid screening and identified protein arginine methyltransferase 10 (PRMT10) as one of the interacting proteins. PRMT10 was highly expressed in reproductive tissues, such as prostate. Immunostaining showed that PRMT10 was expressed in the nucleus of both epithelia and stroma of rat prostate. In human prostate cancer LNCaP cells, PRMT10 co-immunoprecipitated with AR in both the presence and absence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Knockdown of PRMT10 by siRNA decreased DHT-dependent LNCaP cell growth and induction of prostate-specific antigen, an AR-target gene, without apparent loss of AR. DHT decreased PRMT10 at both the mRNA and protein levels. The decrease in PRMT10 was canceled by knockdown of AR or an AR antagonist. These results indicate that PRMT10 plays an important role in androgen-dependent proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Harada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takagi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | | | - Ryoichi Yamaji
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inui
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
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23
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Warns JA, Davie JR, Dhasarathy A. Connecting the dots: chromatin and alternative splicing in EMT. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 94:12-25. [PMID: 26291837 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has devised sophisticated cellular machinery to process mRNA transcripts produced by RNA Polymerase II, removing intronic regions and connecting exons together, to produce mature RNAs. This process, known as splicing, is very closely linked to transcription. Alternative splicing, or the ability to produce different combinations of exons that are spliced together from the same genomic template, is a fundamental means of regulating protein complexity. Similar to transcription, both constitutive and alternative splicing can be regulated by chromatin and its associated factors in response to various signal transduction pathways activated by external stimuli. This regulation can vary between different cell types, and interference with these pathways can lead to changes in splicing, often resulting in aberrant cellular states and disease. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which leads to cancer metastasis, is influenced by alternative splicing events of chromatin remodelers and epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. In this review, we will discuss the role of epigenetic factors including chromatin, chromatin remodelers, DNA methyltransferases, and microRNAs in the context of alternative splicing, and discuss their potential involvement in alternative splicing during the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Warns
- a Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501 N. Columbia Road Stop 9061, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9061, USA
| | - James R Davie
- b Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, John Buhler Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Archana Dhasarathy
- a Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501 N. Columbia Road Stop 9061, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9061, USA
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24
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Shlensky D, Mirrielees JA, Zhao Z, Wang L, Mahajan A, Yu M, Sherer NM, Wilke LG, Xu W. Differential CARM1 Isoform Expression in Subcellular Compartments and among Malignant and Benign Breast Tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128143. [PMID: 26030442 PMCID: PMC4451767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a coactivator for ERα and cancer-relevant transcription factors, and can methylate diverse cellular targets including histones. CARM1 is expressed in one of two alternative splice isoforms, full-length CARM1 (CARM1FL) and truncated CARM1 (CARM1ΔE15). CARM1FL and CARM1ΔE15 function differently in transcriptional regulation, protein methylation, and mediation of pre-mRNA splicing in cellular models. METHODS To investigate the functional roles and the prognosis potential of CARM1 alternative spliced isoforms in breast cancer, we used recently developed antibodies to detect differential CARM1 isoform expression in subcellular compartments and among malignant and benign breast tumors. RESULTS Immunofluorescence in MDA-MB-231 and BG-1 cell lines demonstrated that CARM1ΔE15 is the dominant isoform expressed in the cytoplasm, and CARM1FL is more nuclear localized. CARM1ΔE15 was found to be more sensitive to Hsp90 inhibition than CARM1FL, indicating that the truncated isoform may be the oncogenic form. Clinical cancer samples did not have significantly higher expression of CARM1FL or CARM1ΔE15 than benign breast samples at the level of mRNA or histology. Furthermore neither CARM1FL nor CARM1ΔE15 expression correlated with breast cancer molecular subtypes, tumor size, or lymph node involvement. CONCLUSIONS The analysis presented here lends new insights into the possible oncogenic role of CARM1ΔE15. This study also demonstrates no obvious association of CARM1 isoform expression and clinical correlates in breast cancer. Recent studies, however, have shown that CARM1 expression correlates with poor prognosis, indicating a need for further studies of both CARM1 isoforms in a large cohort of breast cancer specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Shlensky
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Mirrielees
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zibo Zhao
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Aparna Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Menggang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathan M. Sherer
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lee G. Wilke
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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O-GlcNAcylation of co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 regulates its protein substrate specificity. Biochem J 2015; 466:587-99. [PMID: 25585345 DOI: 10.1042/bj20141072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) asymmetrically di-methylates proteins on arginine residues. CARM1 was previously known to be modified through O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosaminidation (O-GlcNAcylation). However, the site(s) of O-GlcNAcylation were not mapped and the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on biological functions of CARM1 were undetermined. In the present study, we describe the comprehensive mapping of CARM1 post-translational modification (PTM) using top-down MS. We found that all detectable recombinant CARM1 expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells is automethylated as we previously reported and that about 50% of this automethylated CARM1 contains a single O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moiety [31]. The O-GlcNAc moiety was mapped by MS to four possible sites (Ser595, Ser598, Thr601 and Thr603) in the C-terminus of CARM1. Mutation of all four sites [CARM1 quadruple mutant (CARM1QM)] markedly decreased O-GlcNAcylation, but did not affect protein stability, dimerization or cellular localization of CARM1. Moreover, CARM1QM elicits similar co-activator activity as CARM1 wild-type (CARM1WT) on a few transcription factors known to be activated by CARM1. However, O-GlcNAc-depleted CARM1 generated by wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) enrichment, O-GlcNAcase (OGA) treatment and mutation of putative O-GlcNAcylation sites displays different substrate specificity from that of CARM1WT. Our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation of CARM1 at its C-terminus is an important determinant for CARM1 substrate specificity.
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Baldwin RM, Bejide M, Trinkle-Mulcahy L, Côté J. Identification of the PRMT1v1 and PRMT1v2 specific interactomes by quantitative mass spectrometry in breast cancer cells. Proteomics 2015; 15:2187-97. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Mitchell Baldwin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Margaret Bejide
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Jocelyn Côté
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
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27
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Baldwin RM, Morettin A, Côté J. Role of PRMTs in cancer: Could minor isoforms be leaving a mark? World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:115-29. [PMID: 24921003 PMCID: PMC4050107 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the methylation of a variety of protein substrates, many of which have been linked to the development, progression and aggressiveness of different types of cancer. Moreover, aberrant expression of PRMTs has been observed in several cancer types. While the link between PRMTs and cancer is a relatively new area of interest, the functional implications documented thus far warrant further investigations into its therapeutic potential. However, the expression of these enzymes and the regulation of their activity in cancer are still significantly understudied. Currently there are nine main members of the PRMT family. Further, the existence of alternatively spliced isoforms for several of these family members provides an additional layer of complexity. Specifically, PRMT1, PRMT2, CARM1 and PRMT7 have been shown to have alternative isoforms and others may be currently unrealized. Our knowledge with respect to the relative expression and the specific functions of these isoforms is largely lacking and needs attention. Here we present a review of the current knowledge of the known alternative PRMT isoforms and provide a rationale for how they may impact on cancer and represent potentially useful targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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IL-13Rα2 mediates PNR-induced migration and metastasis in ERα-negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2014; 34:1596-607. [PMID: 24747967 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has linked photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor (PNR/NR2E3), an orphan nuclear hormone receptor, to human breast cancer. PNR was shown to be a transcriptional activator of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) in ERα-positive breast cancer cell lines and high-level expression of PNR correlates with favorable response of ERα-positive breast cancer patients to tamoxifen. Interestingly, gene expression microarray study shows that PNR regulates distinct genes from those regulated by ERα, suggesting that PNR could have ERα-independent functions. Herein, we investigated the function of PNR in ERα-negative breast cancer cells. Our results showed that PNR-induced cell migration and metastasis of ERα-negative breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect was attributed to the upregulation of interleukin (IL)-13Rα2, a high-affinity receptor for IL-13 that regulates tumor growth, invasion and metastasis of various human cancers. Mechanistically, PNR activated transcription of IL-13Rα2 through direct recruitment to IL-13Rα2 promoter. Upon stimulation with IL-13, IL-13Rα2 increased the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 phosphorylation, which led to breast cancer migration and metastasis. The IL-13 triggered signal cascade was specific to IL-13Rα2, as the closely related IL-13Rα1 was not regulated by PNR. IL-13Rα2 is a novel tumor antigen that is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumor types. This study presents the first evidence that PNR could promote ERα-negative breast cancer metastasis through activation of IL-13Rα2-mediated signaling pathway.
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29
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Wang L, Zhao Z, Meyer MB, Saha S, Yu M, Guo A, Wisinski KB, Huang W, Cai W, Pike JW, Yuan M, Ahlquist P, Xu W. CARM1 methylates chromatin remodeling factor BAF155 to enhance tumor progression and metastasis. Cancer Cell 2014; 25:21-36. [PMID: 24434208 PMCID: PMC4004525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), a coactivator for various cancer-relevant transcription factors, is overexpressed in breast cancer. To elucidate the functions of CARM1 in tumorigenesis, we knocked out CARM1 from several breast cancer cell lines using Zinc-Finger Nuclease technology, which resulted in drastic phenotypic and biochemical changes. The CARM1 KO cell lines enabled identification of CARM1 substrates, notably the SWI/SNF core subunit BAF155. Methylation of BAF155 at R1064 was found to be an independent prognostic biomarker for cancer recurrence and to regulate breast cancer cell migration and metastasis. Furthermore, CARM1-mediated BAF155 methylation affects gene expression by directing methylated BAF155 to unique chromatin regions (e.g., c-Myc pathway genes). Collectively, our studies uncover a mechanism by which BAF155 acquires tumorigenic functions via arginine methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zibo Zhao
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mark B Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sandeep Saha
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Menggang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ailan Guo
- Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | - Kari B Wisinski
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - J Wesley Pike
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ming Yuan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul Ahlquist
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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30
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Feng Y, Maity R, Whitelegge JP, Hadjikyriacou A, Li Z, Zurita-Lopez C, Al-Hadid Q, Clark AT, Bedford MT, Masson JY, Clarke SG. Mammalian protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) specifically targets RXR sites in lysine- and arginine-rich regions. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:37010-25. [PMID: 24247247 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.525345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) has been implicated in roles of transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair, RNA splicing, cell differentiation, and metastasis. However, the type of reaction that it catalyzes and its substrate specificity remain controversial. In this study, we purified a recombinant mouse PRMT7 expressed in insect cells that demonstrates a robust methyltransferase activity. Using a variety of substrates, we demonstrate that the enzyme only catalyzes the formation of ω-monomethylarginine residues, and we confirm its activity as the prototype type III protein arginine methyltransferase. This enzyme is active on all recombinant human core histones, but histone H2B is a highly preferred substrate. Analysis of the specific methylation sites within intact histone H2B and within H2B and H4 peptides revealed novel post-translational modification sites and a unique specificity of PRMT7 for methylating arginine residues in lysine- and arginine-rich regions. We demonstrate that a prominent substrate recognition motif consists of a pair of arginine residues separated by one residue (RXR motif). These findings will significantly accelerate substrate profile analysis, biological function study, and inhibitor discovery for PRMT7.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Feng
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
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