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Koçali K. The Effects of Daylight Saving Time (DST) Transition Cancelation on Work Accidents of Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:1542-1551. [PMID: 37272121 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2023.2221590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. Turkey canceled the daylight saving time (DST) transition and started permanent clock application. Considering the effect of this new regulation on working hours, this study examines whether there is a relationship with the increase in the number of work accidents in shifts. Methods. Data on work accidents were obtained from the Republic of Turkey Social Security Institution (SSI), filed between 2011 and 2020. We estimate accident rates using Poisson regression and log-linear models as a function of a variety of date-based factors. Results. The results show that DST transition is effective (ineffective in terms of gender) on changes in the number of work accidents. With statistical analyses, the hourly distribution of work accidents was determined, indicating at which hour the most work accidents occurred, using the work accident frequency rate. The number of prevented work accidents was calculated as 286,793 for Turkey. Conclusion. The findings from these studies suggest that cancellation of the DST transition does not have a negative effect on the incidence of work accidents in Turkey; on the contrary, this practice also serves the purpose of preventing work accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Koçali
- Istanbul Gelisim Vocational School, Istanbul Gelisim University, Turkey
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Laliotis I, Moscelli G, Monastiriotis V. Summertime and the drivin' is easy? Daylight saving time and vehicle accidents. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2023; 32:2192-2215. [PMID: 37221970 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We investigate how exogenous variation in daylight caused by Daylight Saving Time affects road safety as measured by the count of vehicle crashes. We use administrative daily data from Greece covering the universe of all types of recorded vehicle accidents during the 2006-2016 period. Our regression discontinuity estimates support an ambient light mechanism that reduces the counts of serious vehicle accidents during the Spring transition and increases the count of minor ones during the Fall transition. The effects are driven from the hour intervals that are mostly affected from seasonal clock changes. We then discuss the potential cost implications of those seasonal transitions. In light of the talks about abolishing seasonal clock changes in the European Union (EU), our findings are policy relevant and can inform the public debate as empirical evidence for the block is scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Laliotis
- Department of Economics, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
- Department of Economics, City University of London, London, UK
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Ho NT, Santoro F, Palacios Jimenez C, Pelligand L. Cross-sectional survey of sleep, fatigue and mental health in veterinary anaesthesia personnel. Vet Anaesth Analg 2023:S1467-2987(23)00051-X. [PMID: 37142463 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sleep quality, prevalence of fatigue and depressive symptoms in veterinary anaesthesia personnel. STUDY DESIGN Anonymous online voluntary survey. METHODS Sleep quality, fatigue, depressive symptoms and self-perceived burnout were scored using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and single-item burnout measure, respectively. Demographic data and questions about work-related fatigue, out-of-hours duty, transport and rest periods were included. PSQI, FSS and PHQ-9 scores were compared using Spearman rank correlation tests. RESULTS Responses from 393 participants were obtained from an estimated population of 1374 including diplomates of the American and European Colleges of Veterinary An(a)esthesia and Analgesia (43.9%), residency-trained veterinarians (15.6%), residents-in-training (13.8%) and veterinary technicians and nurses (12.0%), from 32 countries. Most were employed in clinical university teaching hospitals (54.2%) or clinical private practice (41.5%). PSQI scores > 5 were reported by 71.2% of respondents, with 52.4% reporting insufficient sleep to meet their job demands. Many showed high or borderline fatigue (56.4%), and 74.7% reported mistakes due to work-related fatigue. Major depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) were found in 42.7%, with 19.2% reporting they had thought about suicide or self-harm in the previous 2 weeks. Over half (54.8%) met the criteria for burnout and more veterinary nurses and technicians suffered from burnout than other roles, with 79.6% of this group affected (p < 0.001). Scores for PSQI and FSS [r (388) = 0.40, p < 0.001]; PSQI and PHQ-9 [r (389) = 0.23, p < 0.001]; and FSS and PHQ-9 [r (387) = 0.24, p < 0.001] were all positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This survey demonstrates a high prevalence of poor sleep, fatigue, depressive symptoms and burnout in veterinary anaesthesia personnel, and more should be done to improve the health of those in the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tz Ho
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK.
| | - Francesco Santoro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | - Carolina Palacios Jimenez
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | - Ludovic Pelligand
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK; Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
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Impact of DST (Daylight Saving Time) on Major Trauma: A European Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413322. [PMID: 34948928 PMCID: PMC8704568 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Approximately 73 countries worldwide implemented a daylight saving time (DST) policy: setting their clocks forward in spring and back in fall. The main purpose of this practice is to save electricity. The aim of the present study was to find out how DST affects the incidence and impact of seriously injured patients. (2) Methods: In a retrospective, multi-center study, we used the data recorded in the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) between 2003 and 2017 from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. We compared the included cases 1 week before and after DST. (3) Results: After DST from standard time to summertime, we found an increased incidence of accidents of motorcyclists up to 51.58%. The result is consistent with other studies. (4) Conclusion: However, our results should be interpreted as a tendency. Other influencing factors, such as time of day and weather conditions, were not considered.
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Lindenberger LM, Ackermann H, Parzeller M. The controversial debate about daylight saving time (DST)—results of a retrospective forensic autopsy study in Frankfurt/Main (Germany) over 10 years (2006–2015). Int J Legal Med 2018; 133:1259-1265. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Lowe CJ, Safati A, Hall PA. The neurocognitive consequences of sleep restriction: A meta-analytic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:586-604. [PMID: 28757454 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The current meta-analytic review evaluated the effects of experimentally manipulated sleep restriction on neurocognitive functioning. Random-effects models were employed to estimate the overall effect size and the differential effect size across cognitive domains. Age, time of day, age-adjusted sleep deficit, cumulative days of restricted sleep, sleep latency, subjective sleepiness, and biological sex were examined as potential moderators of the effect. Based on a sample of 61 studies, from 71 different populations, findings revealed a significant negative effect of sleep restriction on cognitive processing across cognitive domains (g=-0.383, p<0.001). This effect held for executive functioning (g=-0.324, p<0.001), sustained attention (g=-0.409, p<0.001), and long-term memory (g=-0.192, p=0.002). There was insufficient evidence to detect an effect within the domains of attention, multitask, impulsive decision-making or intelligence. Age group, time of day, cumulative days of restricted sleep, sleep latency, subjective sleepiness, and biological sex were all significant moderators of the overall effect. In conclusion, the current meta-analysis is the first comprehensive review to provide evidence that short-term sleep restriction significantly impairs waking neurocognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra J Lowe
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Adrian Safati
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Peter A Hall
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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László KD, Cnattingius S, Janszky I. Transition into and out of daylight saving time and spontaneous delivery: a population-based study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010925. [PMID: 27630067 PMCID: PMC5030578 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the circadian rhythm disruption following the transition into and out of daylight saving time (DST) is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous delivery. DESIGN We compared the number of spontaneous deliveries in the Swedish Medical Birth Register during the week after the change to and the week after the change from DST (exposure periods) with the average number of spontaneous deliveries in the control period, defined as the week before and the week after each exposure period. SETTING Sweden, 1993-2006. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes were the weekly and the daily number of spontaneous deliveries in the exposure and the control periods. In secondary analyses we also compared the mean length of pregnancy of the women with spontaneous deliveries in the exposure and control periods. RESULTS The number of deliveries during the week after the transition into or out of DST was similar to that in the comparison period (18 519 observed vs 18 434 expected in case of the spring shift and 19 073 observed vs 19 122 expected in case of the autumn shift); the corresponding incidence ratio and 95% CIs were 1.005 (0.990 to 1.019) and 0.997 (0.983 to 1.012), respectively. There were no differences in the length of gestation of the deliveries in the exposure and the control periods. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the hypothesis that a minor circadian rhythm disruption is associated with an increased short-term risk of spontaneous delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina D László
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Cnattingius
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Ingram KK, Ay A, Kwon SB, Woods K, Escobar S, Gordon M, Smith IH, Bearden N, Filipowicz A, Jain K. Molecular insights into chronotype and time-of-day effects on decision-making. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29392. [PMID: 27388366 PMCID: PMC4937423 DOI: 10.1038/srep29392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports highlight that human decision-making is influenced by the time of day and whether one is a morning or evening person (i.e., chronotype). Here, we test whether these behavioral effects are associated with endogenous biological rhythms. We asked participants to complete two well-established decision-making tasks in the morning or evening: the matrix task (an ethical decision task) and the balloon analog risk task (BART; a risk-taking task), and we measured their chronotype in two ways. First, participants completed a self-report measure, the Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Second, we measured the expression of two circadian clock-regulated genes-Per3 and Nr1d2-from peripheral clock cells in participants' hair follicle samples. Using a cosinor model, we estimated the phase of the peripheral clock and assigned RNA chronotypes to participants with advanced (larks) or delayed (owls) phases. The behavioral data were analyzed independently for self-reported (MEQ) and RNA-based chronotypes. We find that significant chronotype and/or time-of-day effects between larks and owls in decision-making tasks occur only in RNA-based chronotypes. Our results provide evidence that time-of-day effects on decision-making can be explained by phase differences in oscillating clock genes and suggest that variation in the molecular clockwork may influence inter-individual differences in decision-making behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista K Ingram
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Ahmet Ay
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Soo Bin Kwon
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Kerri Woods
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Sue Escobar
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Molly Gordon
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Isaac H. Smith
- Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Neil Bearden
- INSEAD Business School, 1 Ayer Rajah Avenue, Singapore 138676
| | - Allan Filipowicz
- Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kriti Jain
- IE Business School, María de Molina, Madrid, Spain 11 28006
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Kirchberger I, Wolf K, Heier M, Kuch B, von Scheidt W, Peters A, Meisinger C. Are daylight saving time transitions associated with changes in myocardial infarction incidence? Results from the German MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:778. [PMID: 26271748 PMCID: PMC4535383 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies suggest that transitions to and from daylight saving time (DST) have an influence on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence. However, the available publications have a number of limitations e.g. regarding sample size, exclusion of fatal AMI cases, precise assessment of AMI onset, and consideration of possible confounders, and they were conducted in countries with different geographical location. The objective of this study was to examine the association of DST transitions with AMI incidence recorded in the population-based German MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry. Methods The study sample consisted of 25,499 coronary deaths and non-fatal AMI cases aged 25–74 years. We used Poisson regression with indicator variables for the 3 days or the week after the spring and the autumn transition and adjusted for potential confounders to model the association between DST transitions and AMI incidence. In addition, we built an excess model by calculating observed over expected events per day. Results Overall, no significant changes of AMI risk during the first 3 days or 1 week after the transition to and from DST were found. However, subgroup analyses on the spring transition revealed significantly increased risks for men in the first 3 days after transition (RR 1.155, 95 % CI 1.000–1.334) and for persons who took angiotensine converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prior to the AMI (3 days: RR 1.489, 95 % CI 1.151–1.927; 1 week: RR 1.297, 95 % CI 1.063–1.582). After the clock shift in autumn, patients with a prior infarction had an increased risk to have a re-infarction (3 days: RR 1.319, 95 % CI 1.029–1.691; 1 week: RR 1.270, 95 % CI 1.048–1.539). Conclusions Specific subgroups such as men and persons with a history of AMI or prior treatment with ACE inhibitors, may have a higher risk for AMI during DST. Further studies which include data on chronotype and sleep duration are needed in order to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Kirchberger
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156, Augsburg, Germany. .,Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Margit Heier
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156, Augsburg, Germany. .,Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Kuch
- Hospital of Nördlingen, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Stoffelsberg 4, 86720, Nördlingen, Germany. .,Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang von Scheidt
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Annette Peters
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156, Augsburg, Germany. .,Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Toth Quintilham MC, Adamowicz T, Pereira ÉF, Pedrazzoli M, Louzada FM. Does the transition into daylight saving time really cause partial sleep deprivation? Ann Hum Biol 2014; 41:554-60. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2014.897756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Vandoros S, Kavetsos G, Dolan P. Greasy roads: the impact of bad financial news on road traffic accidents. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2014; 34:556-566. [PMID: 24117892 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We use evidence from a natural experiment in Greece to study the effect of the announcement of austerity measures on road traffic accidents (RTAs). We use daily RTA data from 2010 and 2011, during which a number of austerity measures were announced, including salary and pension cuts and an increase in direct and indirect taxes. We find that controlling for other factors potentially influencing RTAs, the number of RTAs increased significantly on the first two days following the announcements of austerity measures. We put forward some tentative suggestions for why this happens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Vandoros
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK; Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK
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The impact of daylight saving time on sleep and related behaviours. Sleep Med Rev 2013; 17:285-92. [PMID: 23477947 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Daylight saving time is currently adopted in over 70 countries and imposes a twice yearly 1 h change in local clock time. Relative ease in adjustment of sleep patterns is assumed by the general population but this review suggests that the scientific data challenge a popular understanding of the clock change periods. The start of daylight saving time in the spring is thought to lead to the relatively inconsequential loss of 1 h of sleep on the night of the transition, but data suggests that increased sleep fragmentation and sleep latency present a cumulative effect of sleep loss, at least across the following week, perhaps longer. The autumn transition is often popularised as a gain of 1 h of sleep but there is little evidence of extra sleep on that night. The cumulative effect of five consecutive days of earlier rise times following the autumn change again suggests a net loss of sleep across the week. Indirect evidence of an increase in traffic accident rates, and change in health and regulatory behaviours which may be related to sleep disruption suggest that adjustment to daylight saving time is neither immediate nor without consequence.
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