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Lee FSW, Chen YH, Tran ND, Lin CK, Pham LA. Association between Asbestos Exposure and the Incidence of Kidney Cancer: a Weight-of-Evidence Evaluation and Meta-analysis. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:394-409. [PMID: 37889448 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Occupational asbestos exposure has been extensively linked to various cancers, with ongoing debates regarding its association with kidney cancer. This study aims to investigate the correlation between occupational asbestos exposure and kidney cancer incidence. Additionally, potential influencing factors are analyzed to enhance the comprehension of the relationship between asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. RECENT FINDING While asbestos has established strong associations with malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer, its connection to other malignancies such as gastric, colorectal, and kidney cancers remains under scrutiny. The current study presents mixed opinions on the relationship between asbestos exposure and kidney cancer. Our analysis revealed a potential association between asbestos exposure and the incidence of kidney cancer. Notably, among different types of asbestos, exposure to amphibole appeared to be particularly linked to a higher incident risk of kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shiuan Whitney Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ, USA
| | - Ngoc Dang Tran
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Grant and Innovation Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cheng-Kuan Lin
- School of Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
- University Medical Shing Mark Hospital, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, Vietnam.
| | - Le An Pham
- Grant and Innovation Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Family Medicine, Hospital of University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
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Jalilian H, Guxens M, Heikkinen S, Pukkala E, Huss A, Eshagh Hossaini SK, Kjærheim K, Vermeulen R. Malignant lymphoma and occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and electrical shocks: a nested case-control study in a cohort of four Nordic countries. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:oemed-2021-108120. [PMID: 35697493 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) and electric shocks is a common occupational risk factor in many workplaces. Recent investigations have highlighted a possible association between such exposures and lymphoma risk. This study was carried out to further explore the association between occupational exposure to ELF-MFs and electric shocks and risk of lymphoma in a large Nordic census-based cohort. METHODS We included cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n=68 978), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL, n=20 615) and multiple myeloma (MM, n=35 467) diagnosed between 1961 and 2005 in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Cases were matched to five controls by year of birth, sex and country. Lifetime occupational ELF-MF and electric shock exposures were assigned to jobs reported in population censuses using job-exposure matrices. The risk of cancer was assessed based on cumulative exposure to ELF-MF and electric shocks. ORs with 95% CIs were estimated using logistic models adjusted for occupational co-exposures relevant to lymphomas. RESULTS Less than 7% of the cases experienced high levels of ELF-MF. We observed no increased risks among workers exposed to high levels of ELF-MF for NHL (OR: 0.93; CI 0.90 to 0.97), CLL (OR: 0.98; CI 0.92 to 1.05) or MM (OR: 0.96; CI 0.90 to 1.01). CONCLUSION Our results do not provide support for an association between occupational exposure to ELF-MFs and electric shocks and lymphoma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Jalilian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanna Heikkinen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Seyed Kamal Eshagh Hossaini
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Karimi A, Ghadiri Moghaddam F, Valipour M. Insights in the biology of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields exposure on human health. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5621-5633. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Vujic I, Gandini S, Stanganelli I, Fierro MT, Rappersberger K, Sibilia M, Tosti G, Ferrucci PF, Caini S, De Felici MB, Pagliarello C, Quaglino P, Sanlorenzo M. A meta-analysis of melanoma risk in industrial workers. Melanoma Res 2020; 30:286-296. [DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sorahan TM. Cancer incidence in UK electricity generation and transmission workers, 1973-2015. Occup Med (Lond) 2019; 69:342-351. [PMID: 31375830 PMCID: PMC6704976 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqz082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term health outcomes in cohorts of workers from the electricity supply industry have been studied. Aims The aim of the study was to examine updated cancer incidence findings among a cohort of UK electricity generation and transmission workers. Methods Cancer morbidity experienced by 81 616 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales was investigated for the period 1973–2015. All employees had worked for at least 6 months with some employment between 1973 and 1982. Standardized registration ratios (SRRs) were calculated based on national rates. Results Overall cancer morbidity was slightly below expectation in males. Significant excesses were found in male workers for mesothelioma (observed [Obs] 763, SRR 326), skin cancer (non-melanoma) (Obs 5616, SRR 106), and prostate cancer (Obs 4298, SRR 106), and in female workers for cancer of the small intestine (Obs 13, SRR 220), nasal cancer (Obs 11, SRR 407), and breast cancer (Obs 758, SRR 110). More detailed analyses showed important contrasts, particularly for mesothelioma, lung cancer, skin cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer. Conclusions A clear occupational excess of mesothelioma was not matched by a corresponding excess of asbestos-induced lung cancer. Confident interpretation of the excesses of cancers of the nasal cavities and small intestine is not possible, although occupational exposures received in this industry may well not be involved. An excess of skin cancer in transmission workers may be associated with outdoor working.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Sorahan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Diab KA. The Impact of the Low Frequency of the Electromagnetic Field on Human. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1237:135-149. [PMID: 31376139 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been attention and controversial debate topic about the effect of low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human beings. The catalyst for public awareness initiated from the first epidemiological study in 1979 that reported an association between residential EMFs exposure and the incidence of childhood leukemia. For over 40 years, many epidemiological and laboratory investigations were conducted to identify the possible biological effects of low-frequency EMF. Several studies conducted at frequencies 50/60 Hz, which related to generating of electricity from electrical appliances. Experimental studies on low-frequency EMF have provided conflicting data under specific "in vivo" and "in vitro" environments. Some original papers have reported the damaging effect on DNA molecule in EMF-exposed cells. Other studies have suggested no such damage in EMF-exposed cells. Also, the conclusions from other studies were inconclusive. These conflicting findings may attribute to the differences in the apparatus used to generate electromagnetic fields, experimental design, exposure time, genetic endpoints, and biological materials such as cell lines and animal species, strain, and age. As DNA damage is frequently a prerequisite for cancer disease, this review provided an experimental body of evidence on the effect of EMF on genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt.
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Bennett CM, Coleman HG, Veal PG, Cantwell MM, Lau CCL, Murray LJ. Lifestyle factors and small intestine adenocarcinoma risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39:265-73. [PMID: 25736860 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA) is low, rates are increasing and little information regarding modifiable lifestyle risk factors is available. AIM To provide a systematic review of lifestyle factors and SIA risk. METHODS Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of science were searched from inception to week 1 October 2013. Nine publications that reported on SIA risk in relation to alcohol intake (n=6), tobacco smoking (n=6), diet (n=5), body mass (n=3), physical activity (n=1), hormone use (n=1) and/or socio-economic status (n=3) were retrieved. Results for alcohol, smoking and SIA risk were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses to produce relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The summary RR for individuals consuming the highest versus lowest category of alcohol intake was 1.51 (95% CI 0.83-2.75; n=5 studies) with significant increased risks emerging in sensitivity analysis with reduced heterogeneity (RR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.05-3.15; n=4 studies). The pooled SIA RR for individuals in the highest versus lowest category of smoking was 1.24 (95% CI 0.71-2.17; n=5 studies). In relation to dietary factors, high fibre intakes and normal body weight may be protective, while high intakes of red/processed meat and sugary drinks may increase SIA risk. Evidence on socio-economic status and SIA risk was equivocal. Data on other factors were too sparse to draw any conclusions. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol may be associated with an increased risk of SIA. Further investigation of lifestyle factors, particularly alcohol, smoking and diet, in the aetiology of this cancer is warranted in large consortial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhe M Bennett
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Philip G Veal
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom; Public Health Agency, United Kingdom
| | - Marie M Cantwell
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte C L Lau
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Liam J Murray
- Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom
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Sorahan T. Magnetic fields and leukaemia risks in UK electricity supply workers. Occup Med (Lond) 2014; 64:150-6. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqu002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sorahan T. Magnetic fields and brain tumour risks in UK electricity supply workers. Occup Med (Lond) 2014; 64:157-65. [PMID: 24562302 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqu003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether brain tumour risks are related to occupational exposure to low-frequency magnetic fields. METHODS Brain tumour risks experienced by 73 051 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales were investigated for the period 1973-2010. All employees were hired in the period 1952-82 and were employed for at least 6 months with some employment in the period 1973-82. Detailed calculations had been performed by others to enable an assessment to be made of exposures to magnetic fields. Poisson regression was used to calculate relative risks (rate ratios) of developing a brain tumour (or glioma or meningioma) for categories of lifetime, distant (lagged) and recent (lugged) exposure. RESULTS Findings for glioma and for the generality of all brain tumours were unexceptional; risks were close to (or below) unity for all exposure categories and there was no suggestion of risks increasing with cumulative (or recent or distant) magnetic field exposures. There were no statistically significant dose-response effects shown for meningioma, but there was some evidence of elevated risks in the three highest exposure categories for exposures received >10 years ago. CONCLUSIONS This study found no evidence to support the hypothesis that exposure to magnetic fields is a risk factor for gliomas, and the findings are consistent with the hypotheses that both distant and recent magnetic field exposures are not causally related to gliomas. The limited positive findings for meningioma may be chance findings; national comparisons argue against a causal interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sorahan
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
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Koeman T, van den Brandt PA, Slottje P, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R. Occupational extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure and selected cancer outcomes in a prospective Dutch cohort. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 25:203-14. [PMID: 24241907 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between exposure to occupational extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and the risk of a priori selected cancer outcomes within the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study. METHODS 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years at time of enrollment in 1986 were followed up (17.3 years) for incident lung, breast and brain cancer, and hemato-lymphoproliferative malignancies. Information on occupational history and potential confounders such as sex, age, smoking, alcohol use, and attained educational level were collected at baseline through a self-administered questionnaire. Occupational ELF-MF exposure was assigned with a job-exposure matrix. Using a case-cohort approach, associations with cancer incidence were analyzed with Cox regression stratified by sex, using three exposure metrics: (1) ever had a job with low or high exposure to ELF-MF versus background, (2) duration of exposure, and (3) cumulative exposure. RESULTS None of the exposure metrics showed an effect on incidence for lung, breast, and brain cancer, nor any of the assessed subtypes in men and women. Of the hemato-lymphoproliferative malignancies in men, ever high exposed to ELF-MF showed a significant association with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) [hazard ratio (HR) 2.15; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.06-4.35] and follicular lymphoma (FL) (HR 2.78; 95 % CI 1.00-5.77). Cumulative exposure to ELF-MF showed a significant, positive association with FL but not AML among men. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective cohort study, we found some indications of an increased risk of AML and FL among men with occupational ELF-MF exposure. These findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Koeman
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
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