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Yun HJ, Suh YJ, Kim YB, Kang EJ, Choi JH, Choi YK, Lee IB, Choi DH, Seo YJ, Noh JR, Choi HS, Kim YH, Lee CH. Hepatocyte DAX1 Deletion Exacerbates Inflammatory Liver Injury by Inducing the Recruitment of CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells through NF-κB p65 Signaling Pathway in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214009. [PMID: 36430486 PMCID: PMC9698938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis is characterized by rapid and massive immune-mediated liver injury. Dosage-sensitive sex reversal-adrenal hypoplasia congenita critical region on the X chromosome, gene 1 (DAX1; NR0B1) represses the transcription of various genes. Here, we determine whether DAX1 serves as a regulator of inflammatory liver injury induced by concanavalin A (ConA). C57BL/6J (WT), myeloid cell-specific Dax1 knockout (MKO), and hepatocyte-specific Dax1 knockout (LKO) mice received single intravenous administration of ConA. Histopathological changes in liver and plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in Dax1 MKO mice were comparable with those in WT mice following ConA administration. Unlike Dax1 MKO mice, Dax1 LKO mice were greatly susceptible to ConA-induced liver injury, which was accompanied by enhanced infiltration of immune cells, particularly CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in the liver. Factors related to T-cell recruitment, including chemokines and adhesion molecules, significantly increased following enhanced and prolonged phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in the liver of ConA-administered Dax1 LKO mice. This is the first study to demonstrate that hepatocyte-specific DAX1 deficiency exacerbates inflammatory liver injury via NF-κB p65 activation, thereby causing T-cell infiltration by modulating inflammatory chemokines and adhesion molecules. Our results suggest DAX1 as a therapeutic target for fulminant hepatitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Yun
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Young-Joo Suh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yu-Bin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jung Hyeon Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Keun Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - In-Bok Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Seo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (C.-H.L.)
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Krutz NL, Winget J, Ryan CA, Wimalasena R, Maurer-Stroh S, Dearman RJ, Kimber I, Gerberick GF. Proteomic and Bioinformatic Analyses for the Identification of Proteins With Low Allergenic Potential for Hazard Assessment. Toxicol Sci 2019; 170:210-222. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nora L Krutz
- NV Procter & Gamble Services Company SA, Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University of Singapore,Singapore
| | - Rebecca J Dearman
- The Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian Kimber
- The Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G Frank Gerberick
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio
- GF3 Consultancy LLC, West Chester, OH
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Zárate G, Pérez Chaia A. Feeding with dairy Propionibacterium acidipropionici CRL 1198 reduces the incidence of Concanavalin-A induced alterations in mouse small intestinal epithelium. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
The effect of certain simple and cost-effective processing methods on the nutritional and anti-nutritional properties of seed materials of an under-utilized food legume, Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck (velvet bean, VB), collected from Valanadu, Kerala, India was analyzed in experiment 1. The raw VB seeds were found to contain appreciable levels of crude protein (263.2 g/kg dry matter (DM)); ether extract (79.6 g/kg DM); crude fiber (95.8 g/kg DM) and ash content (38.4 g/kg DM). Among the different treatments used, soaking in sodium bicarbonate solution + autoclaving was more effective in reducing maximum levels of various anti-nutritional compounds of VB seeds. Furthermore, in experiment 2, the effect of inclusion of different levels of velvet bean meal (VBM; subjected to soaking in sodium bicarbonate solution + autoclaving) as an alternative protein source in poultry feed on the growth performance of commercial-type broiler birds was investigated. The results indicate that the inclusion of VBM up to the 40% level exhibited better growth performance of the broiler birds such as feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio in both the starter and finisher phases.
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Vadivel V, Pugalenthi M. Studies on the incorporation of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis) as an alternative protein source in poultry feed and its effect on growth performance of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2010; 42:1367-76. [PMID: 20509048 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-010-9594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of replacement of soybean meal by the velvet bean meal as an alternative protein ingredient on the growth performance of broiler chickens was investigated. The raw seeds of velvet bean [Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck], an under-utilized food legume collected from South India, was found to contain appreciable levels of crude protein (273.2 g/kg DM), lipid (60.61 g/kg DM), neutral detergent fiber (84.3 g/kg DM), and ash content (56.04 g/kg DM). Soaking in 0.2% sodium bicarbonate solution + autoclaving treatment caused a substantial reduction on the levels of various antinutritional compounds such as tannins (84%), L: -Dopa (79%), phytic acid (87%), raffinose (93%), stachyose (83%), verbascose (73%), haemagglutinating activity (84%), trypsin inhibitor activity (77%), and alpha-amylase inhibitor activity (78%) without affecting the nutritional quality of velvet bean seeds. The processed velvet bean meal was incorporated as an alternative protein source by replacing soybean meal protein at 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% levels in the broiler diets. Replacement of soybean meal protein up to 40% level, which corresponds to the inclusion of velvet bean meal up to 15.7% and 11% in the starter and finisher phase poultry feeds, respectively, exhibited better growth performance of broiler birds without any adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vellingiri Vadivel
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, 641 021, TN, India.
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Vadivel V, Pugalenthi M. Evaluation of growth performance of broiler birds fed with diet containing different levels of velvet bean meal as an alternative protein ingredient. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zárate G, Perez Chaia A. Dairy bacteria removein vitrodietary lectins with toxic effects on colonic cells. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:1050-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sívoli L, Michelangeli C, Pérez E, Méndez A, Tovar J. Starch digestibility and morphology of physically modified jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) seed flours. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sridhar K, Seena S. Nutritional and antinutritional significance of four unconventional legumes of the genus Canavalia – A comparative study. Food Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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The in vivo effects of cytokine modulation for Balb/C mice given Canavalia ensiformis (L.) seeds with different heat treatment. Food Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Thomas K, Aalbers M, Bannon GA, Bartels M, Dearman RJ, Esdaile DJ, Fu TJ, Glatt CM, Hadfield N, Hatzos C, Hefle SL, Heylings JR, Goodman RE, Henry B, Herouet C, Holsapple M, Ladics GS, Landry TD, MacIntosh SC, Rice EA, Privalle LS, Steiner HY, Teshima R, Van Ree R, Woolhiser M, Zawodny J. A multi-laboratory evaluation of a common in vitro pepsin digestion assay protocol used in assessing the safety of novel proteins. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2004; 39:87-98. [PMID: 15041142 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rationale. Evaluation of the potential allergenicity of proteins derived from genetically modified foods has involved a weight of evidence approach that incorporates an evaluation of protein digestibility in pepsin. Currently, there is no standardized protocol to assess the digestibility of proteins using simulated gastric fluid. Potential variations in assay parameters include: pH, pepsin purity, pepsin to target protein ratio, target protein purity, and method of detection. The objective was to assess the digestibility of a common set of proteins in nine independent laboratories to determine the reproducibility of the assay when performed using a common protocol. Methods. A single lot of each test protein and pepsin was obtained and distributed to each laboratory. The test proteins consisted of Ara h 2 (a peanut conglutin-like protein), beta-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, concanavalin A, horseradish peroxidase, ovalbumin, ovomucoid, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, and soybean trypsin inhibitor. A ratio of 10U of pepsin activity/microg test protein was selected for all tests (3:1 pepsin to protein, w:w). Digestions were performed at pH 1.2 and 2.0, with sampling at 0.5, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60min. Protein digestibility was assessed from stained gels following SDS-PAGE of digestion samples and controls. Results. Results were relatively consistent across laboratories for the full-length proteins. The identification of proteolytic fragments was less consistent, being affected by different fixation and staining methods. Overall, assay pH did not influence the time to disappearance of the full-length protein or protein fragments, however, results across laboratories were more consistent at pH 1.2 (91% agreement) than pH 2.0 (77%). Conclusions. These data demonstrate that this common protocol for evaluating the in vitro digestibility of proteins is reproducible and yields consistent results when performed using the same proteins at different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Thomas
- ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
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Fitzgerald AJ, Jordinson M, Rhodes JM, Singh R, Calam J, Goodlad RA. Comparison of the effects of concanavalin-A and epidermal growth factor on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:1077-84. [PMID: 11421885 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concanavalin-A, the lectin present in Jack beans, binds to mannose- and glucose-containing residues and can interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor and moderate cell proliferation in vitro. AIM To compare the actions of concanavalin-A and epidermal growth factor on the gastrointestinal tract in vivo. METHODS Rats maintained on total parenteral nutrition were given intragastric concanavalin-A, intravenous epidermal growth factor or concanavalin-A and epidermal growth factor. Cell proliferation and crypt fission were assayed in 'micro-dissected' crypts. RESULTS Concanavalin-A and epidermal growth factor both significantly elevated proliferation in the small intestine and colon. No significant interaction between the effects of these two agents was seen, except in the mid small intestine where there was a synergistic interaction. Concanavalin-A had no effect on crypt branching. Epidermal growth factor significantly reduced branching in the distal small intestine and mid colon. CONCLUSION The effects of the two agents appeared to be separate, except in the mid small intestine where they were additive. This is in marked contrast with the actions reported in vitro, where concanavalin-A is a powerful inhibitor of epidermal growth factor-induced cell proliferation. Concanavalin-A thus has potential for enhancing the functions of the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Fitzgerald
- Department of Histopathology, Division of Investigative Science, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Andrade JL, Arruda S, Barbosa T, Paim L, Ramos MV, Cavada BS, Barral-Netto M. Lectin-induced nitric oxide production. Cell Immunol 1999; 194:98-102. [PMID: 10357885 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1999.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Considering that nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in anti-tumoral and anti-parasite lectin effects, in this report we investigated whether lectin induces NO production. Lectins from Canavalia brasiliensis, Dioclea grandiflora, Pisum arvense (PAA), and concanavalin A induced murine peritoneal cells to produce NO in vitro. PAA induced similar levels to that obtained with lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-gamma. NO production by adherent cells was significantly lower than that of unfractionated cells, suggesting a combination of lectin stimuli directly on macrophages and via lymphocyte stimulation. Ex vivo experiments showed that cells stimulated in vivo could maintain NO production in vitro without further stimuli. NO synthesis blockage in vivo can significantly increase cell numbers in draining lymph nodes after lectin injection compared to unblocked controls, suggesting an in vivo association of lectin stimuli and NO production. Taken together these data show that lectins can induce NO production both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Andrade
- Laboratório de Imuno-regulação e Microbiologia (LIMI) Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Bahia, 40.295-001 SSA, Brazil
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