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Petryakov SV, Kmiec MM, Ubert CS, Kassey VB, Schaner PE, Kuppusamy P. Surface dielectric resonator for in vivo EPR measurements. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2024; 362:107690. [PMID: 38692250 PMCID: PMC11102834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This research report describes a novel surface dielectric resonator (SDR) with a flexible connector for in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Contrary to the conventional cavity or surface loop-gap resonators, the newly developed SDR is constructed from a ceramic dielectric material, and it is tuned to operate at the L-band frequency band (1.15 GHz) in continuous-wave mode. The SDR is designed to be critically coupled and capable of working with both very lossy samples, such as biological tissues, and non-lossy materials. The SDR was characterized using electromagnetic field simulations, assessed for sensitivity with a B1 field-perturbation method, and validated with tissue phantoms using EPR measurements. The results showed remarkably higher sensitivity in lossy tissue phantoms than the previously reported multisegment surface-loop resonators. The new SDR can provide potential new insights for advancements in the application of in vivo EPR spectroscopy for biological measurements, including clinical oximetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Petryakov
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Maciej M Kmiec
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Conner S Ubert
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Victor B Kassey
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Philip E Schaner
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Applied Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology and Applied Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
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Abhyankar N, Agrawal A, Campbell J, Maly T, Shrestha P, Szalai V. Recent advances in microresonators and supporting instrumentation for electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:101101. [PMID: 36319314 PMCID: PMC9632321 DOI: 10.1063/5.0097853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy characterizes the magnetic properties of paramagnetic materials at the atomic and molecular levels. Resonators are an enabling technology of EPR spectroscopy. Microresonators, which are miniaturized versions of resonators, have advanced inductive-detection EPR spectroscopy of mass-limited samples. Here, we provide our perspective of the benefits and challenges associated with microresonator use for EPR spectroscopy. To begin, we classify the application space for microresonators and present the conceptual foundation for analysis of resonator sensitivity. We summarize previous work and provide insight into the design and fabrication of microresonators as well as detail the requirements and challenges that arise in incorporating microresonators into EPR spectrometer systems. Finally, we provide our perspective on current challenges and prospective fruitful directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Jason Campbell
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Thorsten Maly
- Bridge12 Technologies, Inc., Natick, Massachusetts 01760, USA
| | | | - Veronika Szalai
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Nakagawa K, Minakawa S, Sawamura D. Melanin Radicals in Paraffin-embedded Melanoma Investigated Using Surface-type Dielectric Resonator for X-band EPR. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:837-840. [PMID: 29998967 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated melanin radicals in paraffin-embedded malignant melanoma (MM) using a surface-type dielectric resonator for X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and analyzed the radical species. The surface-type resonator's performance was examined using 5 - 10 μL of 0.1 mM 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL) aqueous solution in a 1.0-mm (i.d.) glass capillary as well as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) powder. The surface-type detection has approximately two times poorer S/N ratio than commercial insertion-type detection. A sample of the paraffin-embedded MM specimen was used for the radical detection. We obtained an EPR spectrum of melanin radicals in the paraffin-embedded melanoma sample (size ∼3 × 4 × 3 mm). A single line (∼0.64 mT peak-to-peak line-width) with a small shoulder was observed and was identified as a pheomelanin-related radical. The pheomelanin radical can be directly related to the MM. Thus, the present results were a good indication for noninvasive measurement, as well as for detailed analyses of melanin radicals in human MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Nakagawa
- Division of Regional Innovation, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University
| | - Satoko Minakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
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Kobayashi K, Dong R, Nicolalde RJ, Williams BB, Du G, Swartz HM, Flood AB. Evolution and Optimization of Tooth Models for Testing In Vivo EPR Tooth Dosimetry. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 172:152-160. [PMID: 27555657 PMCID: PMC5225979 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Testing and verification are an integral part of any cycle to design, manufacture and improve a novel device intended for use in humans. In the case of testing Dartmouth's electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in vivo tooth dosimetry device, in vitro studies are needed throughout its development to test its performance, i.e. to verify its current capability for assessing dose in individuals potentially exposed to ionizing radiation. Since the EPR device uses the enamel of human teeth to assess dose, models that include human teeth have been an integral mechanism to carry out in vitro studies during development and testing its ability to meet performance standards for its ultimate intended in vivo use. As the instrument improves over time, new demands for in vitro studies change as well. This paper describes the tooth models used to perform in vitro studies and their evolution to meet the changing demands for testing in vivo EPR tooth dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo Kobayashi
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ruhong Dong
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
| | | | - Benjamin B Williams
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Gaixin Du
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Harold M Swartz
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ann Barry Flood
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, HB 7785, Williamson Translational Research Bldg. Lebanon, NH, USA
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Bailiff I, Sholom S, McKeever S. Retrospective and emergency dosimetry in response to radiological incidents and nuclear mass-casualty events: A review. RADIAT MEAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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