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Perkins DO, Jeffries CD, Clark SR, Upthegrove R, Wannan CMJ, Wray NR, Li QS, Do KQ, Walker E, Paul Amminger G, Anticevic A, Cotter D, Ellman LM, Mongan D, Phassouliotis C, Barbee J, Roth S, Billah T, Corcoran C, Calkins ME, Cerrato F, Khadimallah I, Klauser P, Winter-van Rossum I, Nunez AR, Bleggi RS, Martin AR, Bouix S, Pasternak O, Shah JL, Toben C, Wolf DH, Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ), Kahn RS, Kane JM, McGorry PD, Bearden CE, Nelson B, Shenton ME, Woods SW. Body fluid biomarkers and psychosis risk in The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: design considerations. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 11:78. [PMID: 40399418 PMCID: PMC12095529 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
Advances in proteomic assay methodologies and genomics have significantly improved our understanding of the blood proteome. Schizophrenia and psychosis risk are linked to polygenic scores for schizophrenia and other mental disorders, as well as to altered blood and saliva levels of biomarkers involved in hormonal signaling, redox balance, and chronic systemic inflammation. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP®SCZ) aims to ascertain biomarkers that both predict clinical outcomes and provide insights into the biological processes driving clinical outcomes in persons meeting CHR criteria. AMP®SCZ will follow almost 2000 CHR and 640 community study participants for two years, assessing biomarkers at baseline and two-month follow-up including the collection of blood and saliva samples. The following provides the rationale and methods for plans to utilize polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and other disorders, salivary cortisol levels, and a discovery-based proteomic platform for plasma analyses. We also provide details about the standardized methods used to collect and store these biological samples, as well as the study participant metadata and quality control measures related to preanalytical factors that could influence the values of the biomarkers. Finally, we discuss our plans for analyzing the results of blood- and saliva-based biomarkers. Watch Dr. Perkins discuss their work and this article: https://vimeo.com/1062879582?share=copy#t=0 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Clark D Jeffries
- Rennaisance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott R Clark
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute, Woodville, SA, Australia
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Womens and Childrens, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cassandra M J Wannan
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qingqin S Li
- JRD Data Science, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Kim Q Do
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elaine Walker
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - G Paul Amminger
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Cotter
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren M Ellman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Mongan
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Phassouliotis
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jenna Barbee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sharin Roth
- Genomics and Biomarker Research, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tashrif Billah
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cheryl Corcoran
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felecia Cerrato
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ines Khadimallah
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Klauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Angela R Nunez
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel S Bleggi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, MGB, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, MGB, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jai L Shah
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Toben
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Rene S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, N.Y, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, MGB, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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Penzel N, Polosecki P, Addington J, Arango C, Asgari-Targhi A, Billah T, Bouix S, Calkins ME, Campbell DE, Cannon TD, Castro E, Cho KIK, Coleman MJ, Corcoran CM, Dwyer D, Frangou S, Fusar-Poli P, Glynn RJ, Haidar A, Harms MP, Jacobs GR, Kambeitz J, Kapur T, Kelly SM, Koutsouleris N, Abhinandan KR, Kucukemiroglu S, Kwon JS, Lewandowski KE, Li QS, Mantua V, Mathalon DH, Mittal VA, Nicholas S, Pandina GJ, Perkins DO, Potter A, Reichenberg A, Reinen J, Sand MS, Seitz-Holland J, Shah JL, Srinivasan V, Srivastava A, Stone WS, Torous J, Vangel MG, Wang J, Wolff P, Yao B, Anticevic A, Wolf DH, Zhu H, Bearden CE, McGorry PD, Nelson B, Kane JM, Woods SW, Kahn RS, Shenton ME, Cecchi G, Pasternak O. Data analysis strategies for the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 11:53. [PMID: 40180950 PMCID: PMC11968818 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00561-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2025]
Abstract
The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ) project assesses a large sample of individuals at clinical high-risk for developing psychosis (CHR) and community controls. Subjects are enrolled in 43 sites across 5 continents. The assessments include domains similar to those acquired in previous CHR studies along with novel domains that are collected longitudinally across a period of 2 years. In parallel with the data acquisition, multidisciplinary teams of experts have been working to formulate the data analysis strategy for the AMP SCZ project. Here, we describe the key principles for the data analysis. The primary AMP SCZ analysis aim is to use baseline clinical assessments and multimodal biomarkers to predict clinical endpoints of CHR individuals. These endpoints are defined for the AMP SCZ study as transition to psychosis (i.e., conversion), remission from CHR syndrome, and persistent CHR syndrome (non-conversion/non-remission) obtained at one year and two years after baseline assessment. The secondary aim is to use longitudinal clinical assessments and multimodal biomarkers from all time points to identify clinical trajectories that differentiate subgroups of CHR individuals. The design of the analysis plan is informed by reviewing legacy data and the analytic approaches from similar international CHR studies. In addition, we consider properties of the newly acquired data that are distinct from the available legacy data. Legacy data are used to assist analysis pipeline building, perform benchmark experiments, quantify clinical concepts and to make design decisions meant to overcome the challenges encountered in previous studies. We present the analytic design of the AMP SCZ project, mitigation strategies to address challenges related to the analysis plan, provide rationales for key decisions, and present examples of how the legacy data have been used to support design decisions for the analysis of the multimodal and longitudinal data. Watch Prof. Ofer Pasternak discuss his work and this article: https://vimeo.com/1023394132?share=copy#t=0 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Penzel
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ameneh Asgari-Targhi
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tashrif Billah
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de technologie supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dylan E Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eduardo Castro
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
| | - Kang Ik K Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Coleman
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cheryl M Corcoran
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Dwyer
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Robert J Glynn
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anastasia Haidar
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael P Harms
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Grace R Jacobs
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tina Kapur
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sinead M Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K R Abhinandan
- Data and Analytics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Princeton, USA
| | - Saryet Kucukemiroglu
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kathryn E Lewandowski
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qingqin S Li
- JRD Data Science, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Valentina Mantua
- Division of Psychiatry, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Spero Nicholas
- Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Potter
- Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jenna Reinen
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
| | | | - Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jai L Shah
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vairavan Srinivasan
- Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Titusville, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Informatics, IOPPN, KCL, London, UK
| | - Agrima Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William S Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Torous
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark G Vangel
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Phillip Wolff
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Beier Yao
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John M Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Byrne JF, Healy C, Föcking M, Heurich M, Susai SR, Mongan D, Wynne K, Kodosaki E, Woods SW, Cornblatt BA, Stone WS, Mathalon DH, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Addington J, Walker EF, Cannon TD, Cannon M, Jeffries C, Perkins D, Cotter DR. Plasma complement and coagulation proteins as prognostic factors of negative symptoms: An analysis of the NAPLS 2 and 3 studies. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:188-196. [PMID: 38555993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Negative symptoms impact the quality of life of individuals with psychosis and current treatment options for negative symptoms have limited effectiveness. Previous studies have demonstrated that complement and coagulation pathway protein levels are related to later psychotic experiences, psychotic disorder, and functioning. However, the prognostic relationship between complement and coagulation proteins and negative symptoms is poorly characterised. METHODS In the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Studies 2 and 3, negative symptoms in 431 individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (mean age: 18.2, SD 3.6; 42.5 % female) were measured at multiple visits over 2 years using the Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms. Plasma proteins were quantified at baseline using mass spectrometry. Four factors were derived to represent levels of proteins involved in the activation or regulation of the complement or coagulation systems. The relationships between standardised protein group factors and serial measurements of negative symptoms over time were modelled using generalised least squares regression. Analyses were adjusted for baseline candidate prognostic factors: negative symptoms, positive symptoms, functioning, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, cannabis use, tobacco use, antipsychotic use, antidepressant use, age, and sex. RESULTS Clinical and demographic prognostic factors of follow-up negative symptoms included negative, positive, and depressive symptoms, functioning, and age. Adjusting for all candidate prognostic factors, the complement regulators group and the coagulation regulators group were identified as prognostic factors of follow-up negative symptoms (β: 0.501, 95 % CI: 0.160, 0.842; β: 0.430, 95 % CI: 0.080, 0.780 respectively. The relationship between complement regulator levels and negative symptoms was also observed in NAPLS2 alone (β: 0.501, 95 % CI: -0.037, 1.039) and NAPLS3 alone, additionally adjusting for BMI (β: 0.442, 95 % CI: 0.127, 0.757). CONCLUSION The results indicate that plasma complement and coagulation regulator levels are prognostic factors of negative symptoms, independent of clinical and demographic prognostic factors. These results suggest complement and coagulation regulator levels could have potential utility in informing treatment decisions for negative symptoms in individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah F Byrne
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Colm Healy
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Psychology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melanie Föcking
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meike Heurich
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Subash Raj Susai
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Mongan
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran Wynne
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eleftheria Kodosaki
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - William S Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Mental Health Service 116d, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mary Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Clark Jeffries
- Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Diana Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David R Cotter
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
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