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van den Buuse M, Jaehne EJ. Testing Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle in Rodents. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2746:121-133. [PMID: 38070085 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3585-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a measure of sensorimotor gating which is widely used in rodents to study information processing and attention dysfunction. PPI is commonly measured in rats and mice using automated equipment. Here, we present details of a PPI testing protocol extensively used in previous studies. The protocol includes a set pulse-alone startle level and prepulse-pulse combinations with varying interval and intensity. Variations of this protocol can be used depending on the experimental aim or equipment and software version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Emily J Jaehne
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Bortolasci CC, Jaehne EJ, Hernández D, Spolding B, Connor T, Panizzutti B, Dean OM, Crowley TM, Yung AR, Gray L, Kim JH, van den Buuse M, Berk M, Walder K. Metergoline Shares Properties with Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs Identified by Gene Expression Signature Screen. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:502-513. [PMID: 37922109 PMCID: PMC10682262 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel approaches are required to find new treatments for schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. This study utilised a combination of in vitro transcriptomics and in silico analysis with the BROAD Institute's Connectivity Map to identify drugs that can be repurposed to treat psychiatric disorders. Human neuronal (NT2-N) cells were treated with a combination of atypical antipsychotic drugs commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder), and differential gene expression was analysed. Biological pathways with an increased gene expression included circadian rhythm and vascular endothelial growth factor signalling, while the adherens junction and cell cycle pathways were transcriptionally downregulated. The Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis screen highlighted drugs that affect global gene expression in a similar manner to these psychiatric disorder treatments, including several other antipsychotic drugs, confirming the utility of this approach. The CMap screen specifically identified metergoline, an ergot alkaloid currently used to treat seasonal affective disorder, as a drug of interest. In mice, metergoline dose-dependently reduced MK-801- or methamphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity confirming the potential of metergoline to treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia in an animal model. Metergoline had no effects on prepulse inhibition deficits induced by MK-801 or methamphetamine. Taken together, metergoline appears a promising drug for further studies to be repurposed as a treatment for schizophrenia and possibly other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara C Bortolasci
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Emily J Jaehne
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Damián Hernández
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Briana Spolding
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Timothy Connor
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Bruna Panizzutti
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Olivia M Dean
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamsyn M Crowley
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alison R Yung
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Laura Gray
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Michael Berk
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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3
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Neurodevelopmental signatures of narcotic and neuropsychiatric risk factors in 3D human-derived forebrain organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7760-7783. [PMID: 34158620 PMCID: PMC8873021 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that narcotic use during pregnancy and specific environmental factors (e.g., maternal immune activation and chronic stress) may increase risk of neuropsychiatric illness in offspring. However, little progress has been made in defining human-specific in utero neurodevelopmental pathology due to ethical and technical challenges associated with accessing human prenatal brain tissue. Here we utilized human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate reproducible organoids that recapitulate dorsal forebrain development including early corticogenesis. We systemically exposed organoid samples to chemically defined "enviromimetic" compounds to examine the developmental effects of various narcotic and neuropsychiatric-related risk factors within tissue of human origin. In tandem experiments conducted in parallel, we modeled exposure to opiates (μ-opioid agonist endomorphin), cannabinoids (WIN 55,212-2), alcohol (ethanol), smoking (nicotine), chronic stress (human cortisol), and maternal immune activation (human Interleukin-17a; IL17a). Human-derived dorsal forebrain organoids were consequently analyzed via an array of unbiased and high-throughput analytical approaches, including state-of-the-art TMT-16plex liquid chromatography/mass-spectrometry (LC/MS) proteomics, hybrid MS metabolomics, and flow cytometry panels to determine cell-cycle dynamics and rates of cell death. This pipeline subsequently revealed both common and unique proteome, reactome, and metabolome alterations as a consequence of enviromimetic modeling of narcotic use and neuropsychiatric-related risk factors in tissue of human origin. However, of our 6 treatment groups, human-derived organoids treated with the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 exhibited the least convergence of all groups. Single-cell analysis revealed that WIN 55,212-2 increased DNA fragmentation, an indicator of apoptosis, in human-derived dorsal forebrain organoids. We subsequently confirmed induction of DNA damage and apoptosis by WIN 55,212-2 within 3D human-derived dorsal forebrain organoids. Lastly, in a BrdU pulse-chase neocortical neurogenesis paradigm, we identified that WIN 55,212-2 was the only enviromimetic treatment to disrupt newborn neuron numbers within human-derived dorsal forebrain organoids. Cumulatively this study serves as both a resource and foundation from which human 3D biologics can be used to resolve the non-genomic effects of neuropsychiatric risk factors under controlled laboratory conditions. While synthetic cannabinoids can differ from naturally occurring compounds in their effects, our data nonetheless suggests that exposure to WIN 55,212-2 elicits neurotoxicity within human-derived developing forebrain tissue. These human-derived data therefore support the long-standing belief that maternal use of cannabinoids may require caution so to avoid any potential neurodevelopmental effects upon developing offspring in utero.
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UPF2 leads to degradation of dendritically targeted mRNAs to regulate synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3360-3379. [PMID: 31636381 PMCID: PMC7566522 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity requires a tight control of mRNA levels in dendrites. RNA translation and degradation pathways have been recently linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases, suggesting a role for RNA regulation in synaptic plasticity and cognition. While the local translation of specific mRNAs has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, the tightly controlled mechanisms that regulate local quantity of specific mRNAs remain poorly understood. Despite being the only RNA regulatory pathway that is associated with multiple mental illnesses, the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway presents an unexplored regulatory mechanism for synaptic function and plasticity. Here, we show that neuron-specific disruption of UPF2, an NMD component, in adulthood attenuates learning, memory, spine density, synaptic plasticity (L-LTP), and potentiates perseverative/repetitive behavior in mice. We report that the NMD pathway operates within dendrites to regulate Glutamate Receptor 1 (GLUR1) surface levels. Specifically, UPF2 modulates the internalization of GLUR1 and promotes its local synthesis in dendrites. We identified neuronal Prkag3 mRNA as a mechanistic substrate for NMD that contributes to the UPF2-mediated regulation of GLUR1 by limiting total GLUR1 levels. These data establish that UPF2 regulates synaptic plasticity, cognition, and local protein synthesis in dendrites, providing fundamental insight into the neuron-specific function of NMD within the brain.
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Hill RA, Grech AM, Notaras MJ, Sepulveda M, van den Buuse M. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met polymorphism interacts with adolescent stress to alter hippocampal interneuron density and dendritic morphology in mice. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 13:100253. [PMID: 33344708 PMCID: PMC7739172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays essential roles in GABAergic interneuron development. The common BDNF val66met polymorphism, leads to decreased activity-dependent release of BDNF. The current study used a humanized mouse model of the BDNF val66met polymorphism to determine how reduced activity-dependent release of BDNF, both on its own, and in combination with chronic adolescent stress hormone, impact hippocampal GABAergic interneuron cell density and dendrite morphology. Male and female Val/Val and Met/Met mice were exposed to corticosterone (CORT) or placebo in their drinking water from weeks 6-8, before brains were perfuse-fixed at 15 weeks. Cell density and dendrite morphology of immunofluorescent labelled inhibitory interneurons; somatostatin, parvalbumin and calretinin in the CA1, and 3 and dentate gyrus (DG) across the dorsal (DHP) and ventral hippocampus (VHP) were assessed by confocal z-stack imaging, and IMARIS dendritic mapping software. Mice with the Met/Met genotype showed significantly lower somatostatin cell density compared to Val/Val controls in the DHP, and altered somatostatin interneuron dendrite morphology including branch depth, and spine density. Parvalbumin-positive interneurons were unchanged between genotype groups, however BDNF val66met genotype influenced the dendritic volume, branch level and spine density of parvalbumin interneurons differentially across hippocampal subregions. Contrary to this, no such effects were observed for calretinin-positive interneurons. Adolescent exposure to CORT treatment also significantly altered somatostatin and parvalbumin dendrite branch level and the combined effect of Met/Met genotype and CORT treatment significantly reduced somatostatin and parvalbumin dendrite spine density. In sum, the BDNFVal66Met polymorphism significantly alters somatostatin and parvalbumin-positive interneuron cell development and dendrite morphology. Additionally, we also report a compounding effect of the Met/Met genotype and chronic adolescent CORT treatment on dendrite spine density, indicating that adolescence is a sensitive period of risk for Val66Met polymorphism carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Anne Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University Level 3, Monash Medical Centre 27Wright St Clayton VIC 3168 Australia, .
| | - Adrienne Mary Grech
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J. Notaras
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, Centre for Neurogenetics, Brain & Mind Research Institute, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mauricio Sepulveda
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Notaras MJ, Vivian B, Wilson C, van den Buuse M. Interaction of reelin and stress on immobility in the forced swim test but not dopamine-mediated locomotor hyperactivity or prepulse inhibition disruption: Relevance to psychotic and mood disorders. Schizophr Res 2020; 215:485-492. [PMID: 28711473 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, as well as some mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder, have been suggested to share common biological risk factors. One such factor is reelin, a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein that regulates neuronal migration during development as well as numerous activity-dependent processes in the adult brain. The current study sought to evaluate whether a history of stress exposure interacts with endogenous reelin levels to modify behavioural endophenotypes of relevance to psychotic and mood disorders. METHODS Heterozygous Reeler Mice (HRM) and wildtype (WT) controls were treated with 50mg/L of corticosterone (CORT) in their drinking water from 6 to 9weeks of age, before undergoing behavioural testing in adulthood. We assessed methamphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity, prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle, short-term spatial memory in the Y-maze, and depression-like behaviour in the Forced-Swim Test (FST). RESULTS HRM genotype or CORT treatment did not affect methamphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity, a model of psychosis-like behaviour. At baseline, HRM showed decreased PPI at the commonly used 100msec interstimulus interval (ISI), but not at the 30msec ISI or following challenge with apomorphine. A history of CORT exposure potentiated immobility in the FST amongst HRM, but not WT mice. In the Y-maze, chronic CORT treatment decreased novel arm preference amongst HRM, reflecting reduced short-term spatial memory. CONCLUSION These data confirm a significant role of endogenous reelin levels on stress-related behaviour, supporting a possible role in both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. However, an interaction of reelin deficiency with dopaminergic regulation of psychosis-like behaviour remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Notaras
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Billie Vivian
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carey Wilson
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia.
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Golimbet VE, Kaleda VG, Korovaitseva GI, Lezheiko TV, Kasparov SV, Krikova EV, Tikhonov DV. [Genetic variations associated with premorbid personality in patients with schizophrenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:55-59. [PMID: 31089096 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911903155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To search for genetic variants associated with premorbid personality in patients with schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample included 272 men diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on premorbid personality difficulties: mild (group 1, n=110), moderate (group 2, n=113), marked (group 3, n=49). The following polymorphisms were genotyped: 5-HTR2A (T102C), 5-HTTLPR, BDNF (Val66Met), CRP (-717A>G). RESULTS A significant increase in the frequency of the CC (5-HTR2A T102C), LL (5-HTTLPR) and Met/Met (BDNF Val66Met) genotypes was identified in group 3 compared to group 1. Frequencies of CC and LL genotypes were significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 1 as well. The differences between group 2 and group 3 were found only for the Met/Met genotype. There were no between-group differences in the frequencies of CRP (-717A>G) genotypes. CONCLUSION 5-HTR2A (T102C), 5-HTTLPR, BDNF (Val66Met) polymorphisms previously reported to modify schizophrenia course are also associated with premorbid personality in schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V G Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - E V Krikova
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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Schweiger JI, Bilek E, Schäfer A, Braun U, Moessnang C, Harneit A, Post P, Otto K, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Erk S, Wackerhagen C, Mattheisen M, Mühleisen TW, Cichon S, Nöthen MM, Frank J, Witt SH, Rietschel M, Heinz A, Walter H, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Tost H. Effects of BDNF Val 66Met genotype and schizophrenia familial risk on a neural functional network for cognitive control in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:590-597. [PMID: 30375508 PMCID: PMC6333795 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control represents an essential neuropsychological characteristic that allows for the rapid adaption of a changing environment by constant re-allocation of cognitive resources. This finely tuned mechanism is impaired in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and contributes to cognitive deficits. Neuroimaging has highlighted the contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and prefrontal regions (PFC) on cognitive control and demonstrated the impact of genetic variation, as well as genetic liability for schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to examine the influence of the functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6265 of a plasticity-related neurotrophic factor gene, BDNF (Val66Met), on cognitive control. Strong evidence implicates BDNF Val66Met in neural plasticity in humans. Furthermore, several studies suggest that although the variant is not convincingly associated with schizophrenia risk, it seems to be a modifier of the clinical presentation and course of the disease. In order to clarify the underlying mechanisms using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we studied the effects of this SNP on ACC and PFC activation, and the connectivity between these regions in a discovery sample of 85 healthy individuals and sought to replicate this effect in an independent sample of 253 individuals. Additionally, we tested the identified imaging phenotype in relation to schizophrenia familial risk in a sample of 58 unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. We found a significant increase in interregional connectivity between ACC and PFC in the risk-associated BDNF 66Met allele carriers. Furthermore, we replicated this effect in an independent sample and demonstrated its independence of structural confounds, as well as task specificity. A similar coupling increase was detectable in individuals with increased familial risk for schizophrenia. Our results show that a key neural circuit for cognitive control is influenced by a plasticity-related genetic variant, which may render this circuit particular susceptible to genetic and environmental risk factors for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Schweiger
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E. Bilek
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A. Schäfer
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - U. Braun
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - C. Moessnang
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A. Harneit
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P. Post
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - K. Otto
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - N. Romanczuk-Seiferth
- 0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Erk
- 0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Wackerhagen
- 0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Mattheisen
- 0000 0001 1956 2722grid.7048.bDepartment of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T. W. Mühleisen
- 0000 0001 2297 375Xgrid.8385.6Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany ,0000 0004 1937 0642grid.6612.3Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S. Cichon
- 0000 0001 2297 375Xgrid.8385.6Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany ,grid.410567.1Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M. M. Nöthen
- 0000 0001 2240 3300grid.10388.32Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, Bonn, 53127 Germany ,0000 0001 2240 3300grid.10388.32Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, Bonn, 53127 Germany
| | - J. Frank
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S. H. Witt
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M. Rietschel
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A. Heinz
- 0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Walter
- 0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Meyer-Lindenberg
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H. Tost
- 0000 0001 2190 4373grid.7700.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Variability and Reliability of Paired-Pulse Depression and Cortical Oscillation Induced by Median Nerve Stimulation. Brain Topogr 2018; 31:780-794. [PMID: 29737438 PMCID: PMC6097743 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-018-0648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Paired-pulse depression (PPD) has been widely used to investigate the functional profiles of somatosensory cortical inhibition. However, PPD induced by somatosensory stimulation is variable, and the reasons for between- and within-subject PPD variability remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the factors influencing PPD variability induced by somatosensory stimulation. The study participants were 19 healthy volunteers. First, we investigated the relationship between the PPD ratio of each component (N20m, P35m, and P60m) of the somatosensory magnetic field, and the alpha, beta, and gamma band changes in power [event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS)] induced by median nerve stimulation. Second, because brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms reportedly influence the PPD ratio, we assessed whether BDNF genotype influences PPD ratio variability. Finally, we evaluated the test-retest reliability of PPD and the alpha, beta, and gamma ERD/ERS induced by somatosensory stimulation. Significant positive correlations were observed between the P60m_PPD ratio and beta power change, and the P60m_PPD ratio was significantly smaller for the beta ERD group than for the beta ERS group. P35m_PPD was found to be robust and highly reproducible; however, P60m_PPD reproducibility was poor. In addition, the ICC values for alpha, beta, and gamma ERD/ERS were 0.680, 0.760, and 0.552 respectively. These results suggest that the variability of PPD for the P60m deflection may be influenced by the ERD/ERS magnitude, which is induced by median nerve stimulation.
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Abbasi M, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, You Y, Dheer Y, Mirzaei M, Graham SL. Regulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Growth Factor Signaling Pathways by Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp2 in the Retina: A Brief Review. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:85. [PMID: 29636665 PMCID: PMC5880906 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase-2 (PTPN11 or Shp2) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that plays a key regulatory role in cell proliferation, differentiation and growth factor (GF) signaling. This enzyme is well expressed in various retinal neurons and has emerged as an important player in regulating survival signaling networks in the neuronal tissues. The non-receptor phosphatase can translocate to lipid rafts in the membrane and has been implicated to regulate several signaling modules including PI3K/Akt, JAK-STAT and Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways in a wide range of biochemical processes in healthy and diseased states. This review focuses on the roles of Shp2 phosphatase in regulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) neurotrophin signaling pathways and discusses its cross-talk with various GF and downstream signaling pathways in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Abbasi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yogita Dheer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism regulates glucocorticoid-induced corticohippocampal remodeling and behavioral despair. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1233. [PMID: 28926000 PMCID: PMC5639248 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism has been associated with sensitivity to stress and affective disorders. We therefore sought to model the inter-causality of these relationships under controlled laboratory conditions. We subjected humanized BDNF Val66Met (hBDNFVal66Met) transgenic mice to a history of stress, modeled by chronic late-adolescent corticosterone (CORT) exposure, before evaluating affective-related behavior using the forced-swim test (FST) in adulthood. While hBDNFMet/Met mice had a depression-like phenotype in the FST irrespective of CORT, hBDNFVal/Val wildtype mice had a resilient phenotype but developed an equally robust depressive-like phenotype following CORT. A range of stress-sensitive molecules were studied across the corticohippocampal axis, and where genotype differences occurred following CORT they tended to inversely coincide with the behavior of the hBDNFVal/Val group. Notably, tyrosine hydroxylase was markedly down-regulated in the mPFC of hBDNFVal/Val mice as a result of CORT treatment, which mimicked expression levels of hBDNFMet/Met mice and the FST behavior of both groups. The expression of calretinin, PSD-95, and truncated TrkB were also concomitantly reduced in the mPFC of hBDNFVal/Val mice by CORT. This work establishes BDNFVal66Met genotype as a regulator of behavioral despair, and identifies new biological targets of BDNF genetic variation relevant to stress-inducible disorders such as depression.
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van den Buuse M, Biel D, Radscheit K. Does genetic BDNF deficiency in rats interact with neurotransmitter control of prepulse inhibition? Implications for schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 75:192-198. [PMID: 28192174 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested a role of BDNF in the development of schizophrenia. For example, post-mortem studies have shown significantly reduced levels of BDNF protein expression in the brain of schizophrenia patients. We investigated the relationship between reduced levels of BDNF in the brain and the regulation of prepulse inhibition (PPI), a behavioral endophenotype of schizophrenia. We used BDNF heterozygous mutant rats which display a 50% decrease of mature BDNF protein levels. Previously, we observed normal baseline PPI and responses to the dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist, apomorphine, in these rats. Here, we focused on the effects of the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, its interaction with mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 receptors, and the PPI response to serotonergic drugs. MK-801 administration caused a dose-dependent reduction of PPI and increase of startle amplitudes. Baseline PPI and the effect of 0.02-0.1mg/kg of MK-801 were not significantly altered in male or female BDNF heterozygous rats, although the MK-801-induced increase in startle levels was reduced. Co-treatment with the mGluR2/3 agonist, LY379,268, or the mGluR5 antagonist, MPEP, did not alter the effect of MK-801 on PPI in controls or BDNF mutant rats. Treatment with the serotonin-1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, the serotonin-2A receptor agonist, DOI, or the serotonin releaser, fenfluramine, induced differential effects on PPI and startle but these effects were not different between the genotypes. These results show that a significant decrease of BDNF protein expression does not lead to reduced PPI at baseline or changes in the regulation of PPI via NMDA receptors or serotonergic mechanisms. These findings in a genetic rat model of BDNF deficiency do not support a role for similar reductions of BDNF levels in schizophrenia in the disruption of PPI, widely reported as an endophenotype of the illness. The potential implications of these results for our understanding of changes in PPI and BDNF expression in schizophrenia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Davina Biel
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Institute of Psychology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Kathrin Radscheit
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Jasińska KK, Molfese PJ, Kornilov SA, Mencl WE, Frost SJ, Lee M, Pugh KR, Grigorenko EL, Landi N. The BDNF Val 66Met polymorphism is associated with structural neuroanatomical differences in young children. Behav Brain Res 2017; 328:48-56. [PMID: 28359883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been associated with individual differences in brain structure and function, and cognition. Research on BDNF's influence on brain and cognition has largely been limited to adults, and little is known about the association of this gene, and specifically the Val66Met polymorphism, with developing brain structure and emerging cognitive functions in children. We performed a targeted genetic association analysis on cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume in 78 children (ages 6-10) who were Val homozygotes (homozygous Val/Val carriers) or Met carriers (Val/Met, Met/Met) for the Val66Met locus using Atlas-based brain segmentation. We observed greater cortical thickness for Val homozygotes in regions supporting declarative memory systems (anterior temporal pole/entorhinal cortex), consistent with adult findings. Met carriers had greater surface area in the prefrontal and parietal cortices and greater cortical thickness in lateral occipital/parietal cortex in contrast to prior adult findings that may relate to performance on cognitive tasks supported by these regions in Met carriers. Finally, we found larger right hippocampal volume in Met carriers, although inconsistent with adult findings (generally reports larger volumes for Val homozygotes), is consistent with a recent finding in children. Gene expression levels vary across different brain regions and across development and our findings highlight the need to consider this developmental change in explorations of BDNF-brain relationships. The impact of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on the structure of the developing brain therefore reflects regionally-specific developmental changes in BDNF expression and cortical maturation trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja K Jasińska
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Peter J Molfese
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sergey A Kornilov
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - W Einar Mencl
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Kenneth R Pugh
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elena L Grigorenko
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; Moscow State University for Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nicole Landi
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Munoz MJ, Kumar RG, Oh BM, Conley YP, Wang Z, Failla MD, Wagner AK. Cerebrospinal Fluid Cortisol Mediates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Relationships to Mortality after Severe TBI: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:44. [PMID: 28337122 PMCID: PMC5343043 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct regulatory signaling mechanisms exist between cortisol and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that may influence secondary injury cascades associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and predict outcome. We investigated concurrent CSF BDNF and cortisol relationships in 117 patients sampled days 0–6 after severe TBI while accounting for BDNF genetics and age. We also determined associations between CSF BDNF and cortisol with 6-month mortality. BDNF variants, rs6265 and rs7124442, were used to create a gene risk score (GRS) in reference to previously published hypothesized risk for mortality in “younger patients” (<48 years) and hypothesized BDNF production/secretion capacity with these variants. Group based trajectory analysis (TRAJ) was used to create two cortisol groups (high and low trajectories). A Bayesian estimation approach informed the mediation models. Results show CSF BDNF predicted patient cortisol TRAJ group (P = 0.001). Also, GRS moderated BDNF associations with cortisol TRAJ group. Additionally, cortisol TRAJ predicted 6-month mortality (P = 0.001). In a mediation analysis, BDNF predicted mortality, with cortisol acting as the mediator (P = 0.011), yielding a mediation percentage of 29.92%. Mediation effects increased to 45.45% among younger patients. A BDNF*GRS interaction predicted mortality in younger patients (P = 0.004). Thus, we conclude 6-month mortality after severe TBI can be predicted through a mediation model with CSF cortisol and BDNF, suggesting a regulatory role for cortisol with BDNF's contribution to TBI pathophysiology and mortality, particularly among younger individuals with severe TBI. Based on the literature, cortisol modulated BDNF effects on mortality after TBI may be related to known hormone and neurotrophin relationships to neurological injury severity and autonomic nervous system imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J Munoz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raj G Kumar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Byung-Mo Oh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University HospitalSeoul, South Korea
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhensheng Wang
- Department of Nursing, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michelle D Failla
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amy K Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
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