1
|
Regniez M, Dufort-Gervais J, Provost C, Mongrain V, Martinez M. Characterization of Sleep, Emotional, and Cognitive Functions in a New Rat Model of Concomitant Spinal Cord and Traumatic Brain Injuries. J Neurotrauma 2024; 41:1044-1059. [PMID: 37885242 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries to the spinal cord or the brain have serious medical consequences and lead to long-term disability. The epidemiology, medical complications, and prognosis of isolated spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been well described. However, there are limited data on patients suffering from concurrent SCI and TBI, even if a large proportion of SCI patients have concomitant TBI. The complications associated with this "dual-diagnosis" such as cognitive or behavioral dysfunction are well known in the rehabilitation setting, but evidence-based and standardized approaches for diagnosis and treatment are lacking. Our goal was to develop and characterize a pre-clinical animal model of concurrent SCI and TBI to help identifying "dual-diagnosis" tools. Female rats received a unilateral contusive SCI at the thoracic level alone (SCI group) or combined with a TBI centered on the contralateral sensorimotor cortex (SCI-TBI group). We first validated that the SCI extent was comparable between SCI-TBI and SCI groups, and that hindlimb function was impaired. We characterized various neurological outcomes, including locomotion, sleep architecture, brain activity during sleep, depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, and working memory. We report that SCI-TBI and SCI groups show similar impairments in global locomotor function. While wake/sleep amount and distribution and anxiety- and depression-like symptoms were not affected in SCI-TBI and SCI groups in comparison to the control group (laminectomy and craniotomy only), working memory was impaired only in SCI-TBI rats. This pre-clinical model of concomitant SCI and TBI, including more severe variations of it, shows a translational value for the identification of biomarkers to refine the "dual-diagnosis" of neurotrauma in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Regniez
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Valérie Mongrain
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center of the CHUM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche sur la Signalisation Neurale et la Circuiterie, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hector A, Provost C, Delignat-Lavaud B, Bouamira K, Menaouar CA, Mongrain V, Brouillette J. Hippocampal injections of soluble amyloid-beta oligomers alter electroencephalographic activity during wake and slow-wave sleep in rats. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:174. [PMID: 37833786 PMCID: PMC10571363 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble amyloid-beta oligomers (Aβo) begin to accumulate in the human brain one to two decades before a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The literature supports that soluble Aβo are implicated in synapse and neuronal losses in the brain regions such as the hippocampus. This region importantly contributes to explicit memory, the first type of memory affected in AD. During AD preclinical and prodromal stages, people are also experiencing wake/sleep alterations such as insomnia (e.g., difficulty initiating sleep, decreased sleep duration), excessive daytime sleepiness, and sleep schedule modifications. In addition, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during wake and sleep have been reported in AD patients and animal models. However, the specific contribution of Aβo to wake/sleep alterations is poorly understood and was investigated in the present study. METHODS Chronic hippocampal injections of soluble Aβo were conducted in male rats and combined with EEG recording to determine the progressive impact of Aβ pathology specifically on wake/sleep architecture and EEG activity. Bilateral injections were conducted for 6 consecutive days, and EEG acquisition was done before, during, and after Aβo injections. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess neuron numbers in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). RESULTS Aβo injections did not affect the time spent in wakefulness, slow wave sleep (SWS), and paradoxical sleep but altered EEG activity during wake and SWS. More precisely, Aβo increased slow-wave activity (SWA; 0.5-5 Hz) and low-beta activity (16-20 Hz) during wake and decreased theta (5-9 Hz) and alpha (9-12 Hz) activities during SWS. Moreover, the theta activity/SWA ratio during wake and SWS was decreased by Aβo. These effects were significant only after 6 days of Aβo injections and were found with alterations in neuron counts in the DG. CONCLUSIONS We found multiple modifications of the wake and SWS EEG following Aβo delivery to the hippocampus. These findings expose a specific EEG signature of Aβ pathology and can serve the development of non-invasive and cost-effective markers for the early diagnosis of AD or other amyloid-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Hector
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chloé Provost
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Khadija Bouamira
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Valérie Mongrain
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jonathan Brouillette
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NIM, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Unfavorable left ventricular remodeling due to experience of chronic sleep restriction after myocardial infarction: The role of matrix metalloproteinases & oxidative stress. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 62:107460. [PMID: 35917906 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed sleep or sleep loss due to vocational or lifestyle changes following MI is a common problem that may affect many physiological processes involved in left ventricle (LV) remodeling. Herein, we proposed that experience of sleep disruption and/or restriction after myocardial infarction (MI) may aggravate cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling and induce apoptosis in the cardiomyocytes. MI was induced in adult male rats by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, some animals experienced chronic sleep restriction (CSR) for 6 days. Serum levels of CK-MB, PAB, and TNF-α were evaluated at days 1, 8, and 21 postsurgery. Twenty-one days after surgery, hemodynamic parameters and expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TNF-α, as well as myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in the noninfarcted area of the LV were assessed. Our results showed a clear decrease in serum concentrations of CK-MB, PAB and TNF-α at day 21 postsurgery in the MI group as compared to MI+SR animals in which these markers remained at high levels. CSR following MI deteriorated LV hemodynamic indexes and also impaired the balance between MMPs and TIMP-1. Further, it yielded an increase in oxidant and inflammatory state which caused deleterious fibrotic and apoptotic effects on cardiomycytes. Our data suggest post-MI sleep loss may cause adverse LV remodeling due to increased inflammatory reactions as well as oxidative burden and/or anti-oxidative insufficiency that in turn impede the balance between MMPs and their inhibitors.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vorkapić M, Savić A, Janković M, Useinović N, Isaković M, Puškaš N, Stanojlović O, Hrnčić D. Alterations of medial prefrontal cortex bioelectrical activity in experimental model of isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232530. [PMID: 32384091 PMCID: PMC7209304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical and animal studies have found that anxiety and depression are significantly more common after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) has a dual role: in higher brain functions and in cardiovascular control, making it a logical candidate for explaining the perceived bidirectional heart-brain connection. We used parallel Electrocardiography (ECG) and Electrocorticography (ECoG) registration to investigate AMI-induced changes in medial PFC bioelectrical activity in a rat model of AMI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Gold-plated recording electrodes were implanted over the frontal cortex for ECoG recording. ECG was recorded via two holter electrodes attached on the skin of the back fixed in place by a jacket. Induction of AMI was performed by isoprenaline (150 mg/kg, i.p.). ECoG and ECG signals were registered at baseline, during 3 hours after isoprenaline administration and at 24 hours after isoprenaline administration. RESULTS Significant increases of theta, alpha, and beta electroencephalographic (EEG) band power were observed in different time intervals after isoprenaline administration. Significant increase of theta band peak frequency was also observed during the first hour after isoprenaline administration. No statistically significant differences in band-power activity were found between the pre-isoprenaline measurements and 24 hours after administration. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate significant increases in EEG band power of alpha beta and theta bands during isoprenaline-induced AMI model. These are the first findings to connect heart damage during isoprenaline- induced AMI to disturbances in the cortical bioelectrical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Vorkapić
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrej Savić
- University of Belgrade–School of Electrical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Janković
- University of Belgrade–School of Electrical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Useinović
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Isaković
- University of Belgrade–School of Electrical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
- TECNALIA, Health Division, Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nela Puškaš
- Institute of Histology and Embryology “Aleksandar Đ Kostić” Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Stanojlović
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Hrnčić
- Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aghajani M, Faghihi M, Imani A, Vaez Mahdavi MR, Shakoori A, Rastegar T, Parsa H, Mehrabi S, Moradi F, Kazemi Moghaddam E. Post-infarct sleep disruption and its relation to cardiac remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:587-600. [PMID: 28156163 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1281823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) by affecting ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is thought to contribute to myocardial remodeling and progressive worsening of cardiac function. The aim of current study was to test the hypothesis about the increased risk of developing heart failure due to experience of sleep restriction (SR) after MI. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: (1) Sham, (2) MI, (3) MI and SR (MI + SR) (4) Sham and SR (Sham + SR). MI was induced by permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, animals were subjected to chronic SR paradigm. Blood sampling was performed at days 1, 8 and 21 after MI for determination of serum levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), corticosterone, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Finally, at 21 days after MI, echocardiographic parameters and expression of MuRF1, MaFBx, A20, eNOS, iNOS and NF-kB in the heart were evaluated. We used H&E staining to detect myocardial hypertrophy. We found out that post infarct SR increased corticosterone levels. Our results highlighted deteriorating effects of post-MI SR on NO production, oxidative stress, and echocardiographic indexes (p < 0.05). Moreover, its detrimental effects on myocardial damage were confirmed by overexpression of MuRF1, MaFBx, iNOS and NF-kB (p < 0.001) in left ventricle and downregulation of A20 and eNOS (p < 0.05). Furthermore, histological examination revealed that experience of SR after MI increased myocardial diameter as compared to Sham subjects (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that SR after MI leads to an enlargement of the heart within 21 days, marked by an increase in oxidative stress and NO production as well as an imbalance in UPS that ultimately results in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Aghajani
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahdieh Faghihi
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Imani
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Occupational Sleep Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Vaez Mahdavi
- c Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran.,d Department of Physiology , Medical Faculty, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Abbas Shakoori
- e Genetic Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- f Anatomy Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hoda Parsa
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Saman Mehrabi
- e Genetic Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- a Physiology Department , Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ehsan Kazemi Moghaddam
- g Shiraz Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Amir-al-momenin Burn Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Iran.,h Department of Microbiology , Medical Faculty, Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vetreno RP, Broadwater M, Liu W, Spear LP, Crews FT. Adolescent, but not adult, binge ethanol exposure leads to persistent global reductions of choline acetyltransferase expressing neurons in brain. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113421. [PMID: 25405505 PMCID: PMC4236188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During the adolescent transition from childhood to adulthood, notable maturational changes occur in brain neurotransmitter systems. The cholinergic system is composed of several distinct nuclei that exert neuromodulatory control over cognition, arousal, and reward. Binge drinking and alcohol abuse are common during this stage, which might alter the developmental trajectory of this system leading to long-term changes in adult neurobiology. In Experiment 1, adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE; 5.0 g/kg, i.g., 2-day on/2-day off from postnatal day [P] 25 to P55) treatment led to persistent, global reductions of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression. Administration of the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist lipopolysaccharide to young adult rats (P70) produced a reduction in ChAT+IR that mimicked AIE. To determine if the binge ethanol-induced ChAT decline was unique to the adolescent, Experiment 2 examined ChAT+IR in the basal forebrain following adolescent (P28-P48) and adult (P70-P90) binge ethanol exposure. Twenty-five days later, ChAT expression was reduced in adolescent, but not adult, binge ethanol-exposed animals. In Experiment 3, expression of ChAT and vesicular acetylcholine transporter expression was found to be significantly reduced in the alcoholic basal forebrain relative to moderate drinking controls. Together, these data suggest that adolescent binge ethanol decreases adult ChAT expression, possibly through neuroimmune mechanisms, which might impact adult cognition, arousal, or reward sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Margaret Broadwater
- Center for Developmental and Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, 13902, United States of America
| | - Wen Liu
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Linda P. Spear
- Center for Developmental and Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, 13902, United States of America
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gilbert K, Bernier J, Godbout R, Rousseau G. Resolvin D1, a metabolite of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, decreases post-myocardial infarct depression. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:5396-407. [PMID: 25402828 PMCID: PMC4245537 DOI: 10.3390/md12115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that inflammation induced by myocardial ischemia plays a central role in depression-like behavior after myocardial infarction (MI). Several experimental approaches that reduce inflammation also result in attenuation of depressive symptoms. We have demonstrated that Resolvin D1 (RvD1), a metabolite of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from docosahexaenoic acid, diminishes infarct size and neutrophil accumulation in the ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study is to determine if a single RvD1 injection could alleviate depressive symptoms in a rat model of MI. MI was induced in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min. Five minutes before ischemia or after reperfusion, 0.1 μg of RvD1 or vehicle was injected in the left ventricle cavity. Fourteen days after MI, behavioral tests (forced swim test and socialization) were conducted to evaluate depression-like symptoms. RvD1 reduced infarct size in the treated vs. the vehicle group. Animals receiving RvD1 also showed better performance in the forced swim and social interaction tests vs. vehicle controls. These results indicate that a single RvD1 dose, given 5 min before occlusion or 5 min after the onset of reperfusion, decreases infarct size and attenuates depression-like symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Gilbert
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 boul. Gouin Ouest, Montréal, PQ H4J 1C5, Canada.
| | - Judith Bernier
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 boul. Gouin Ouest, Montréal, PQ H4J 1C5, Canada.
| | - Roger Godbout
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 boul. Gouin Ouest, Montréal, PQ H4J 1C5, Canada.
| | - Guy Rousseau
- Centre de biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 boul. Gouin Ouest, Montréal, PQ H4J 1C5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Desvenlafaxine reduces apoptosis in amygdala after myocardial infarction. Brain Res Bull 2014; 109:158-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
9
|
Bah TM, Benderdour M, Kaloustian S, Karam R, Rousseau G, Godbout R. Escitalopram reduces circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and improves depressive behavior without affecting sleep in a rat model of post-cardiac infarct depression. Behav Brain Res 2011; 225:243-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
10
|
Otair HA, Al-shamiri M, Bahobail M, Sharif MM, BaHammam AS. Assessment of sleep patterns, energy expenditure and circadian rhythms of skin temperature in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2011; 17:CR397-403. [PMID: 21709634 PMCID: PMC3539555 DOI: 10.12659/msm.881851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no simple and practical way to monitor sleep patterns in patients in acute care units. We designed this study to assess sleep patterns, energy expenditure and circadian rhythms of patients' skin temperature in the coronary care unit (CCU) utilizing a new portable device. MATERIAL/METHODS The SenseWear Armband (SWA) was used to record sleep duration, distribution over 24 hr, energy expenditure and the circadian rhythms of skin temperature in 46 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) for the first 24 hr in the CCU and upon transfer to the ward. An advanced analysis was used to extract and compare data associated with the above variables in the two settings. RESULTS Patients in the CCU had a reduced night's sleep duration (5.6 ± 2.2 hr) with more frequent and significantly shorter night sessions (p=0.015) than patients in the ward. Energy expenditure and METs (metabolic equivalents of a task) were significantly lower in the CCU than in the ward. However, the midline-estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) and acrophase for skin temperature did not exhibit any significant difference between the two settings. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ACS have sleep fragmentation and shorter nocturnal sleep duration in the CCU compared to the ward. On the other hand, there was no difference in the circadian rhythms of skin temperature between patients in the CCU and the general wards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadil Al Otair
- Department of Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Al-shamiri
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Munir M. Sharif
- University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. BaHammam
- University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|