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Zhang L, Wang S, Yang X, He L, Hu L, Tang R, Li J, Liu Z. Physiological and Multi-Omics Integrative Analysis Provides New Insights into Tolerance to Waterlogging Stress in Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:351. [PMID: 39796205 PMCID: PMC11720211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2024] [Revised: 12/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development require water, but excessive water hinders growth. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil crop; it is drought-tolerant but sensitive to waterlogging, and its drought tolerance has been extensively studied. However, the waterlogging tolerance of sesame still has relatively few studies. In this study, two kinds of sesame, R (waterlogging-tolerant) and S (waterlogging-intolerant), were used as materials, and they were treated with waterlogging stress for 0, 24, 72, and 120 h. Physiological analysis showed that after waterlogging, sesame plants responded to stress by increasing the contents of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione (GSH), and some other antioxidants. The results of the multi-omics analysis of sesame under waterlogging stress revealed 15,652 (R) and 12,156 (S) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 41 (R) and 47 (S) differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis), and 896 (R) and 1036 (S) differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). The combined DEMi-DEG analysis that 24 DEMis regulated 114 DEGs in response to waterlogging stress. In addition, 13 hub genes and three key pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were identified by multi-omics analysis under waterlogging stress. The results showed that sesame regulated the content of hormones and antioxidants and promoted energy conversion in the plant through the above pathways to adapt to waterlogging stress. In summary, this study further analyzed the response mechanism of sesame to waterlogging stress and provides helpful information for the breeding of plants for waterlogging tolerance and genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xuele Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Luqiu He
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liqin Hu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiguang Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.); (L.H.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhongsong Liu
- Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
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Han M, Yang H, Huang H, Du J, Zhang S, Fu Y. Allelopathy and allelobiosis: efficient and economical alternatives in agroecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:11-27. [PMID: 37751515 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical interactions in plants often involve plant allelopathy and allelobiosis. Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon leading to interference among organisms, while allelobiosis is the transmission of information among organisms. Crop failures and low yields caused by inappropriate management can be related to both allelopathy and allelobiosis. Therefore, research on these two phenomena and the role of chemical substances in both processes will help us to understand and upgrade agroecosystems. In this review, substances involved in allelopathy and allelobiosis in plants are summarized. The influence of environmental factors on the generation and spread of these substances is discussed, and relationships between allelopathy and allelobiosis in interspecific, intraspecific, plant-micro-organism, plant-insect, and mechanisms, are summarized. Furthermore, recent results on allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem are summarized and will provide a reference for the future application of allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - J Du
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - S Zhang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
| | - Y Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
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Quiñones Martorello AS, Gyenge JE, Colabelli MN, Petigrosso LR, Fernández ME. Functional responses to multiple sequential abiotic stress (waterlogging-drought) in three woody taxa with different root systems and stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13958. [PMID: 37338179 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
There is generally a trade-off in the resistance to drought and to waterlogging. However, several species are sequentially subjected to both stressors in many environments. We evaluated the ecophysiological strategies to cope with multiple sequential stress of waterlogging and drought (W + D) of three taxa differing in stress resistance and root morphology: the phreatophic Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Ec) and two shallow-rooted willow clones: Salix matsudana x Salix alba (SmxSa) and Salix nigra (Sn4). Individuals of the three taxa were grown in pots and assigned to either of four treatments: Control (well-watered plants), well-watered followed by drought (C + D); waterlogged for 15 days followed by drought (W15d + D) and waterlogged for 30 days followed by drought (W30d + D). Biomass allocation, growth (diameter, height, length of leaves, and roots), specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, water potential, hydraulic conductivity of roots and branches, leaf C13 and root cortical aerenchyma formation were determined at different stages of the experiment. Ec growth was not affected by W + D, developing tolerance strategies at leaf and whole plant levels. Differential effects of W + D were observed in both Salix clones depending on the time of waterlogging. In Sn4 and SmxSa, the root biomass was affected in W15d + D treatment, but a root tolerance response (aerenchyma and adventitious root formation) was observed in W30d + D. In the three taxa, and contrary to expectations, the previous exposure to a waterlogging period did not increase the susceptibility of the plants to a subsequent drought event. On the contrary, we found tolerance, which depended on the time of waterlogging exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Quiñones Martorello
- LIA FORESTIA (INTA_INRAE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J E Gyenge
- LIA FORESTIA (INTA_INRAE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- UEDD INTA CONICET Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS) sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M N Colabelli
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L R Petigrosso
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M E Fernández
- LIA FORESTIA (INTA_INRAE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- UEDD INTA CONICET Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS) sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Drought and waterlogging seriously affect the growth of plants and are considered severe constraints on agricultural and forestry productivity; their frequency and degree have increased over time due to global climate change. The morphology, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant enzyme system and hormone levels of plants could change in response to water stress. The mechanisms of these changes are introduced in this review, along with research on key transcription factors and genes. Both drought and waterlogging stress similarly impact leaf morphology (such as wilting and crimping) and inhibit photosynthesis. The former affects the absorption and transportation mechanisms of plants, and the lack of water and nutrients inhibits the formation of chlorophyll, which leads to reduced photosynthetic capacity. Constitutive overexpression of 9-cis-epoxydioxygenase (NCED) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), key enzymes in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, increases drought resistance. The latter forces leaf stomata to close in response to chemical signals, which are produced by the roots and transferred aboveground, affecting the absorption capacity of CO2, and reducing photosynthetic substrates. The root system produces adventitious roots and forms aerenchymal to adapt the stresses. Ethylene (ETH) is the main response hormone of plants to waterlogging stress, and is a member of the ERFVII subfamily, which includes response factors involved in hypoxia-induced gene expression, and responds to energy expenditure through anaerobic respiration. There are two potential adaptation mechanisms of plants (“static” or “escape”) through ETH-mediated gibberellin (GA) dynamic equilibrium to waterlogging stress in the present studies. Plant signal transduction pathways, after receiving stress stimulus signals as well as the regulatory mechanism of the subsequent synthesis of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes to produce ethanol under a hypoxic environment caused by waterlogging, should be considered. This review provides a theoretical basis for plants to improve water stress tolerance and water-resistant breeding.
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