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Weber GM, Birkett J, Martin K, Dixon D, Gao G, Leeds TD, Vallejo RL, Ma H. Comparisons among rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, populations of maternal transcript profile associated with egg viability. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:448. [PMID: 34130620 PMCID: PMC8207762 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcription is arrested in the late stage oocyte and therefore the maternal transcriptome stored in the oocyte provides nearly all the mRNA required for oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early cleavage of the embryo. The transcriptome of the unfertilized egg, therefore, has potential to provide markers for predictors of egg quality and diagnosing problems with embryo production encountered by fish hatcheries. Although levels of specific transcripts have been shown to associate with measures of egg quality, these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) have not been consistent among studies. The present study compares differences in select transcripts among unfertilized rainbow trout eggs of different quality based on eyeing rate, among 2 year classes of the same line (A1, A2) and a population from a different hatchery (B). The study compared 65 transcripts previously reported to be differentially expressed with egg quality in rainbow trout. Results There were 32 transcripts identified as DEGs among the three groups by regression analysis. Group A1 had the most DEGs, 26; A2 had 15, 14 of which were shared with A1; and B had 12, 7 of which overlapped with A1 or A2. Six transcripts were found in all three groups, dcaf11, impa2, mrpl39_like, senp7, tfip11 and uchl1. Conclusions Our results confirmed maternal transcripts found to be differentially expressed between low- and high-quality eggs in one population of rainbow trout can often be found to overlap with DEGs in other populations. The transcripts differentially expressed with egg quality remain consistent among year classes of the same line. Greater similarity in dysregulated transcripts within year classes of the same line than among lines suggests patterns of transcriptome dysregulation may provide insight into causes of decreased viability within a hatchery population. Although many DEGs were identified, for each of the genes there is considerable variability in transcript abundance among eggs of similar quality and low correlations between transcript abundance and eyeing rate, making it highly improbable to predict the quality of a single batch of eggs based on transcript abundance of just a few genes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07773-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M Weber
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA.
| | - Jill Birkett
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | | | | | - Guangtu Gao
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Timothy D Leeds
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Roger L Vallejo
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Hao Ma
- USDA/ARS Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
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Ma H, Martin K, Dixon D, Hernandez AG, Weber GM. Transcriptome analysis of egg viability in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:319. [PMID: 31029084 PMCID: PMC6486991 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal transcripts are accumulated in the oocyte during oogenesis to provide for protein synthesis from oocyte maturation through early embryonic development, when nuclear transcription is silenced. The maternal mRNAs have short poly(A) tails after undergoing post-transcriptional processing necessary for stabilizing them for storage. The transcripts undergo cytoplasmic polyadenylation when they are to be translated. Transcriptome analyses comparing total mRNA and elongated poly(A) mRNA content among eggs of different quality can provide insight into molecular mechanisms affecting egg developmental competence in rainbow trout. The present study used RNA-seq to compare transcriptomes of unfertilized eggs of rainbow trout females yielding different eyeing rates, following rRNA removal and poly(A) retention for construction of the libraries. Results The percentage of embryos to reach the 32-cell stage at 24 h post fertilization was significantly correlated to family eyeing rate, indicating that inviable embryos were developmentally compromised before zygotic genome activation. RNA sequencing identified 2 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) from total mRNA sequencing comparing females with low-quality (< 5% eyeing), medium-quality (30–50% eyeing), and high-quality (> 80% eyeing) eggs. In contrast, RNA sequencing from poly(A) captured transcripts identified 945 DETs between low- and high-quality eggs, 1012 between low- and medium-quality eggs, and only 2 between medium- and high-quality eggs. The transcripts of mitochondrial genes were enriched with polyadenylated transcript sequencing and they were significantly reduced in low-quality eggs. Similarly, mitochondrial DNA was reduced in low-quality eggs compared with medium- and high-quality eggs. The functional gene analysis classified the 945 DETs between low- and high-quality eggs into 31 functional modules, many of which were related to ribosomal and mitochondrial functions. Other modules involved transcription, translation, cell division, apoptosis, and immune responses. Conclusions Our results indicate that differences in egg quality may be derived from differences in maternal nuclear transcript activation and cytoplasmic polyadenylation before ovulation, as opposed to accumulation and storage of maternal nuclear transcripts during oogenesis. Transcriptome comparisons suggest low-quality eggs suffered from impaired oxidative phosphorylation and translation. The DETs identified in this study provide insight into developmental competence in rainbow trout eggs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5690-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ma
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory M Weber
- USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV, USA.
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3
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Oogenesis and Egg Quality in Finfish: Yolk Formation and Other Factors Influencing Female Fertility. FISHES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes3040045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Egg quality in fishes has been a topic of research in aquaculture and fisheries for decades as it represents an important life history trait and is critical for captive propagation and successful recruitment. A major factor influencing egg quality is proper yolk formation, as most fishes are oviparous and the developing offspring are entirely dependent on stored egg yolk for nutritional sustenance. These maternally derived nutrients consist of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and ions that are transported from the liver to the ovary by lipoprotein particles including vitellogenins. The yolk composition may be influenced by broodstock diet, husbandry, and other intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. In addition, a number of other maternal factors that may influence egg quality also are stored in eggs, such as gene transcripts, that direct early embryonic development. Dysfunctional regulation of gene or protein expression may lead to poor quality eggs and failure to thrive within hours of fertilization. These gene transcripts may provide important markers as their expression levels may be used to screen broodstock for potential spawning success. In addition to such intrinsic factors, stress may lead to ovarian atresia or reproductive failure and can impact fish behavior, fecundity, and ovulation rate. Finally, postovulatory aging may occur when eggs become overripe and the fish fails to spawn in a timely fashion, leading to low fertility, often encountered during manual strip spawning of fish.
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Ghiasi S, Falahatkar B, Arslan M, Dabrowski K. Physiological changes and reproductive performance of Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus injected with thiamine. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 178:23-30. [PMID: 28131605 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of thiamine on physiological changes and spawning performance of Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus, 45 farmed female fish (698.6±8.9g) were randomly distributed in 9 tanks (1000L) and fed a diet with 1g/kg of an anti-thiamine drug. This was provided for 5 months prior to spawning. Thiamine hydrochloride was intraperitoneally injected to fish at three different doses: 0 (T0, as control), 5 (T5) and 50 (T50) mg/kg body weight at days 30, 90 and 150 after the experiment started. After five months, the results showed no significant differences in weight gain and hemoglobin level, but hematocrit significantly increased in T5 group. There was no significant difference in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and estradiol-17β, but testosterone was significantly increased in the T50 group. Total thiamine concentration in the eggs was significantly higher in T50 than that detected in the control group. Fecundity and larval mortality at 6day post hatch (dph) showed no significant differences among treatments, while the number of eggs per gram was significantly lower in T0 than that observed in T50. Larval weights at 1 (11.6mg) and 6 (23.1mg) dph and larval lengths at 6 (15.6mm) dph were significantly affected by the treatment with the highest level of thiamine injection (T50). Diseases symptoms such as yolk sac deformation, erratic pattern of swimming, and loss of equilibrium were observed at 4 dph in T0 and T5 groups. The overall results revealed that thiamine injection has positive effects on reproductive performance in the sturgeon and the negative impacts of anti-thiamine in the offspring can be reduced by the injection of this vitamin to the broodstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Ghiasi
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, 1144, Guilan, Iran
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, 1144, Guilan, Iran.
| | - Murat Arslan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Konrad Dabrowski
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Sopinka NM, Capelle PM, Semeniuk CAD, Love OP. Glucocorticoids in Fish Eggs: Variation, Interactions with the Environment, and the Potential to Shape Offspring Fitness. Physiol Biochem Zool 2016; 90:15-33. [PMID: 28051944 DOI: 10.1086/689994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Wild and captive vertebrates face multiple stressors that all have the potential to induce chronic maternal stress (i.e., sustained, elevated plasma glucocorticoids), resulting in embryo exposure to elevated maternally derived glucocorticoids. In oviparous taxa such as fish, maternally derived glucocorticoids in eggs are known for their capacity to shape offspring phenotype. Using a variety of methodologies, scientists have quantified maternally derived levels of egg cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid in fishes, and examined the cascading effects of egg cortisol on progeny phenotype. Here we summarize and interpret the current state of knowledge on egg cortisol in fishes and the relationships linking maternal stress/state to egg cortisol and offspring phenotype/fitness. Considerable variation in levels of egg cortisol exists across species and among females within a species; this variation is hypothesized to be due to interspecific differences in reproductive life history and intraspecific differences in female condition. Outcomes of experimental studies manipulating egg cortisol vary both inter- and intraspecifically. Moreover, while exogenous elevation of egg cortisol (as a proxy for maternal stress) induces phenotypic changes commonly considered to be maladaptive (e.g., smaller offspring size), emerging work in other taxa suggests that there can be positive effects on fitness when the offspring's environment is taken into account. Investigations into (i) mechanisms by which egg cortisol elicits phenotypic change in offspring (e.g., epigenetics), (ii) maternal and offspring buffering capacity of cortisol, and (iii) factors driving natural variation in egg cortisol and how this variation affects offspring phenotype and fitness are all germane to discussions on egg glucocorticoids as signals of maternal stress.
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Ma H, Weber GM, Hostuttler MA, Wei H, Wang L, Yao J. MicroRNA expression profiles from eggs of different qualities associated with post-ovulatory ageing in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BMC Genomics 2015; 16:201. [PMID: 25885637 PMCID: PMC4374207 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Egg quality is an important aspect in rainbow trout farming. Post-ovulatory aging is one of the most important factors affecting egg quality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the major regulators in various biological processes and their expression profiles could serve as reliable biomarkers for various pathological and physiological conditions. The objective of this study was to identify miRNAs that are associated with egg qualities in rainbow trout using post-ovulatory aged eggs. RESULTS Egg samples from females on day 1, day 7, and day 14 post-ovulation (D1PO, D7PO and D14PO), which had the fertilization rates of 91.8%, 73.4% and less than 50%, respectively, were collected and small RNAs isolated from these samples were subjected to deep sequencing using the Illumina platform. The massive sequencing produced 27,342,477, 26,910,438 and 29,185,371 reads from the libraries of D1PO, D7PO and D14PO eggs, respectively. A three-way comparison of the miRNAs indicated that the egg samples shared 392 known and 236 novel miRNAs, and a total of 414, 481, and 470 known and 243, 298, and 296 novel miRNAs were identified from D1PO, D7PO and D14PO eggs, respectively. Four known miRNAs (omy-miR-193b-3p, omy-miR-203c-3p, omy-miR-499-5p and omy-miR-7550-3p) and two novel miRNAs (omy-miR-nov-95-5p and omy-miR-nov-112-5p) showed significantly higher expression in D1PO eggs relative to D14PO eggs as revealed by both deep sequencing and real time quantitative PCR analysis. GO analysis of the predicted target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs revealed significantly enriched GO terms that are related to stress response, cell death, DNA damage, ATP generation, signal transduction and transcription regulation. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that post-ovulatory ageing affects miRNA expression profiles in rainbow trout eggs, which can in turn impact egg quality. Further characterization of the differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes may provide valuable information on the role of these miRNAs in controlling egg quality, and ultimately lead to the development of biomarkers for prediction of egg quality in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ma
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Gregory M Weber
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA/ARS, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
| | - Mark A Hostuttler
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA/ARS, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
| | - Hairong Wei
- School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
| | - Lei Wang
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Jianbo Yao
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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7
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Abstract
SummaryThe quality of fish gametes, both male and female, are determined by several factors (age, management, feeding, chemical and physical factors, water quality, etc.) that have an impact on the survivability of embryos, larvae and/or fry in the short or long term. One of the most important factors is gamete ageing, especially for those species that are unable to spawn naturally in hatcheries. The chemical and physical factors in hatcheries and the nutrition that they provide can significantly alter harvest quality, especially from females; as a rule, males are more tolerant of stress conditions produced by inadequate feeding, management and/or poor water conditions. The stress produced on broodstock by inadequate conditions in hatcheries can produce adverse effects on gamete quality, survival rates, and the embryonic eggs after hatching.
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8
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Geraudie P, Gerbron M, Hill E, Minier C. Roach (Rutilus rutilus) reproductive cycle: a study of biochemical and histological parameters in a low contaminated site. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2010; 36:767-777. [PMID: 19680761 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-009-9351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fish reproduction is subjected to worrying trends in many aquatic environments. In this study, we report the absence of histological and biochemical alterations in fish sampled in a low contaminated site (characterised by the absence of detectable oestrogenic activity and mutagenicity in sediment extracts). A total of 474 roach (Rutilus rutilus) were monthly sampled during 18 months, and no intersex fish were recorded after careful histological examination, thus indicating that the incidence of this phenomenon may be very low under natural conditions. Furthermore, mean male plasma vitellogenin concentration was 24 ng ml(-1) and was only slightly elevated during the spawning period (up to 120 ng ml(-1)) indicating that these low values may be characteristic of a low contaminated site. Of the male roach, 45.3% were sampled, a sex-ratio that did not significantly deviated from the expected 1:1 ratio between male and female. Results also showed that natural conditions can greatly affect the reproductive cycle of roach. Gametogenesis showed a biphasic pattern with first gonad maturation between September and December and a final maturation occurring at the end of winter/early spring. Under decreasing temperatures, particularly below 6 degrees C, gametogenesis was stopped or even regressed with secondary oocytes becoming rare under histological observation. Conversely, elevated temperatures during the winter lead to an earlier gonad maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Geraudie
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, University of Le Havre, BP 540, 76058, Le Havre, France.
| | - Marie Gerbron
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, University of Le Havre, BP 540, 76058, Le Havre, France
| | - Elisabeth Hill
- Centre for Environmental Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Christophe Minier
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, University of Le Havre, BP 540, 76058, Le Havre, France
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9
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Bobe J, Labbé C. Egg and sperm quality in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 165:535-48. [PMID: 19272390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fish egg quality can be defined as the ability of the egg to be fertilized and subsequently develop into a normal embryo. Similarly, sperm quality can be defined as its ability to successfully fertilize an egg and subsequently allow the development of a normal embryo. In the wild or under aquaculture conditions, the quality of fish gametes can be highly variable and is under the influence of a significant number of external factors or broodstock management practices. For these reasons, the topic of gamete quality has received increasing attention. Despite the significant efforts made towards a better understanding of the factors involved in the control of gamete quality, the picture is far from being complete and the control of gamete quality remains an issue in the aquaculture industry. Some of the factors responsible for the observed variability of gamete quality remain largely unknown or poorly understood. In addition very little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the control of egg and sperm quality. In the present review, the molecular and cellular characteristics of fish gametes are presented with a special interest for the mechanisms that could participate in the regulation of gamete quality. Then, after defining egg and sperm quality, and how can it can be accurately estimated or predicted, we provide an overview of the main factors that can impact gamete quality in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bobe
- INRA, UR1037 SCRIBE, IFR140, Ouest-Genopole, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Mansour N, McNiven MA, Richardson GF. The effect of dietary supplementation with blueberry, α-tocopherol or astaxanthin on oxidative stability of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) semen. Theriogenology 2006; 66:373-82. [PMID: 16420960 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to determine the oxidative stability of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) semen following dietary supplementation with lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) product, alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol+blueberry product, or alpha-tocopherol+astaxanthin. Sperm lipid peroxidation was initiated by challenging with ferrous sulphate/ascorbic acid (Fe(++)/Asc) at level of 0.04/0.2 mmol/L. Addition of blueberry, alpha-tocopherol, or both to char diets inhibited semen lipid peroxidation by: (a) decreasing the rate of sperm lipid peroxidation, an effect which was more pronounced with alpha-tocopherol treatments; and (b) increasing the antioxidant potential of seminal plasma, based on the lipid peroxidation process of sperm and an in vitro chicken brain tissue model. Dietary supplementation with astaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol had the same effect as the supplementation with alpha-tocopherol alone on inhibiting the lipid peroxidation process of sperm and chicken brain. Catalase-like activity increased significantly in sperm of fish fed alpha-tocopherol, blueberry, or both. There was a negative correlation (r= -0.397, P < 0.05) between catalase-like activity in sperm cells and the rate of sperm lipid peroxidation. Seminal plasma alpha-tocopherol levels increased significantly in fish supplemented with alpha-tocopherol alone or in combination with blueberry or astaxanthin. There were negative correlations between seminal plasma alpha-tocopherol levels and lipid peroxidation rates of sperm cells (r= -0.625, P < 0.01) and brain tissue (r= -0.606, P < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of blueberry product or alpha-tocopherol inhibited lipid peroxidation in Arctic char semen. Further experiments are needed to test the effect of dietary blueberry and antioxidants on Arctic char semen quality during liquid and cryopreserved storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Mansour
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PEI, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Fournier V, Gouillou-Coustans MF, Kaushik SJ. Hepatic ascorbic acid saturation is the most stringent response criterion for determining the vitamin C requirement of juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). J Nutr 2000; 130:617-20. [PMID: 10702594 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.3.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our main objective was to verify whether the dietary ascorbic acid (AA) requirement of juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) varies as a function of different physiological needs. Practical diets with eight (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 mg AA/kg diet) levels of ascorbic acid polyphosphate were fed to sea bass (mean weight: 0.7 g) for 15 wk. At the beginning and at the end of the feeding trial, tissues were sampled for vitamin C and hydroxyproline (HyPro) analysis. Dose-dependent responses of skin and whole body HyPro concentrations and hepatic AA concentration to dietary vitamin C levels were observed. Skin and whole body HyPro concentrations were low in sea bass fed AA-deficient diet, 217 and 15 nmol/g tissue, respectively. HyPro levels increased with increasing dietary levels, reaching plateaus of 297 and 45 nmol/g tissue in the skin and whole body at dietary vitamin C levels of at least 5 and 31 mg AA/kg. Hepatic AA level increased with increasing dietary levels, reaching a plateau of 474 pmol/g tissue in juveniles fed at least 121 mg of AA/kg. We concluded that hepatic AA saturation is the most stringent response criterion for determination of the vitamin C requirement in juvenile European sea bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Fournier
- Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Unité mixte INRA-IFREMER, B.P 70, 29280 Plouzané, Station d'Hydrobiologie, INRA 64310 St. Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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12
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Terova G, Saroglia M, Papp Z, Cecchini S. Dynamics of collagen indicating amino acids, in embryos and larvae of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), originated from broodstocks fed with different vitamin C content in the diet. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1095-6433(98)10110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Moreau R, Dabrowski K. Body pool and synthesis of ascorbic acid in adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus): an agnathan fish with gulonolactone oxidase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:10279-82. [PMID: 9707638 PMCID: PMC21499 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.17.10279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many vertebrates can synthesize ascorbic acid (vitamin C), it is still unclear from the evolutionary perspective when the ability to synthesize the vitamin first appeared in the animal kingdom and how frequently the trait has been lost. We report here ascorbic acid biosynthesis ability in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) which represent the most ancient vertebrate lineage examined thus far for presence of gulonolactone oxidase, the enzyme catalyzing the terminal step in biosynthesis of vitamin C. This finding supports the view that the ancestors of living vertebrates were not scurvy prone and that the loss of gulonolactone oxidase activity subsequently occurred several times in vertebrate phylogeny. Adult sea lamprey allocate significant amounts of ascorbic acid to the gonads to guaranty high-quality gametes. Tissue stores of ascorbate were maintained by de novo synthesis (1.2-1.3 mg of ascorbic acid/300-g sea lamprey per day at 15 degrees C) while sea lamprey fast during spawning migration. We estimate that the in vivo daily renewal rate of ascorbate is 4-5% of the whole-body ascorbate pool based on measurement of its biosynthesis and concentration in the whole animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moreau
- School of Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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14
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Dabrowski K, Ciereszko RE, Blom JH, Ottobre JS. Relationship between vitamin C and plasma concentrations of testosterone in female rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 1995; 14:409-414. [PMID: 24197531 DOI: 10.1007/bf00003378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Two-year old rainbow trout females were fed diets containing 0, 30, 110, 220, 440 and 870 mg kg(-1) ascorbyl-2-monophosphate Mg(+) salt (groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively) from August until March. At the time of spawning (February-March) blood was sampled and the ovulating females were hand stripped. Estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) concentrations in plasma, and ascorbic acid (AA) concentrations in plasma and eggs were determined. The mean plasma concentrations of T were higher in group 4, 5, or 6 than in group 2 or 3 (p < 0.05). Moreover, the average plasma concentration of T in fish fed the diets with AA level below National Research Council (NRC) recommendations (groups 1, 2 and 3) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than the average plasma concentration in fish fed diets with AA level above NRC recommendations (groups 4, 5, and 6). These data are consistent with the hypothesis that AA can influence production of steroids in female rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dabrowski
- School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
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