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Pisani C, Onori A, Gabanella F, Iezzi S, De Angelis R, Fanciulli M, Colizza A, de Vincentiis M, Di Certo MG, Passananti C, Corbi N. HAX1 is a novel binding partner of Che-1/AATF. Implications in oxidative stress cell response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119587. [PMID: 37742722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is a multifunctional protein involved in the antagonism of apoptosis in cellular response to oxidative stress. In the present study we identified HAX1 as a novel binding partner for Che-1/AATF, a pro-survival factor which plays a crucial role in fundamental processes, including response to multiple stresses and apoptosis. HAX1 and Che-1 proteins show extensive colocalization in mitochondria and we demonstrated that their association is strengthened after oxidative stress stimuli. Interestingly, in MCF-7 cells, resembling luminal estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer, we found that Che-1 depletion correlates with decreased HAX1 mRNA and protein levels, and this event is not significantly affected by oxidative stress induction. Furthermore, we observed an enhancement of the previously reported interaction between HAX1 and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) upon H2O2 treatment. These results indicate the two anti-apoptotic proteins HAX1 and Che-1 as coordinated players in cellular response to oxidative stress with a potential role in estrogen sensitive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Pisani
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Onori
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gabanella
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta De Angelis
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Colizza
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco de Vincentiis
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Caforio M, Tumino N, Sorino C, Manni I, Di Giovenale S, Piaggio G, Iezzi S, Strimpakos G, Mattei E, Moretta L, Fanciulli M, Vacca P, Locatelli F, Folgiero V. AATF/Che-1 RNA polymerase II binding protein overexpression reduces the anti-tumor NK-cell cytotoxicity through activating receptors modulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191908. [PMID: 37435061 PMCID: PMC10332273 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction AATF/Che-1 over-expression in different tumors is well known and its effect on tumorigenicity is mainly due to its central role demonstrated in the oncogenic pathways of solid tumors, where it controls proliferation and viability. The effect exerted by tumors overexpressing Che-1 on the immune response has not yet been investigated. Methods Starting from ChIP-sequencing data we confirmed Che-1 enrichment on Nectin-1 promoter. Several co-cultures experiments between NK-cells and tumor cells transduced by lentiviral vectors carrying Che-1-interfering sequence, analyzed by flow-cytometry have allowed a detailed characterization of NK receptors and tumor ligands expression. Results Here, we show that Che-1 is able to modulate the expression of Nectin-1 ligand at the transcriptional level, leading to the impairment of killing activity of NK-cells. Nectin-1 down-modulation induces a modification in NK-cell ligands expression able to interact with activating receptors and to stimulate NK-cell function. In addition, NK-cells from Che-1 transgenic mice, confirming a reduced expression of activating receptors, exhibit impaired activation and a preferential immature status. Discussion The critical equilibrium between NK-cell ligand expression on tumor cells and the interaction with NK cell receptors is affected by Che-1 over-expression and partially restored by Che-1 interference. The evidence of a new role for Che-1 as regulator of anti-tumor immunity supports the necessity to develop approaches able to target this molecule which shows a dual tumorigenic function as cancer promoter and immune response modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Caforio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Giovenale
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology Unit , Children Hospital Bambino Gesù, RomaLM, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Fanciulli
- Stabilimento Allevamento Fornitore e Utilizzatore (SAFU) Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Folgiero
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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Jin X, Tanaka H, Jin M, Fujita K, Homma H, Inotsume M, Yong H, Umeda K, Kodera N, Ando T, Okazawa H. PQBP5/NOL10 maintains and anchors the nucleolus under physiological and osmotic stress conditions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:9. [PMID: 36599853 PMCID: PMC9813255 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine binding protein 5 (PQBP5), also called nucleolar protein 10 (NOL10), binds to polyglutamine tract sequences and is expressed in the nucleolus. Using dynamic imaging of high-speed atomic force microscopy, we show that PQBP5/NOL10 is an intrinsically disordered protein. Super-resolution microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy method show that PQBP5/NOL10 makes up the skeletal structure of the nucleolus, constituting the granule meshwork in the granular component area, which is distinct from other nucleolar substructures, such as the fibrillar center and dense fibrillar component. In contrast to other nucleolar proteins, which disperse to the nucleoplasm under osmotic stress conditions, PQBP5/NOL10 remains in the nucleolus and functions as an anchor for reassembly of other nucleolar proteins. Droplet and thermal shift assays show that the biophysical features of PQBP5/NOL10 remain stable under stress conditions, explaining the spatial role of this protein. PQBP5/NOL10 can be functionally depleted by sequestration with polyglutamine disease proteins in vitro and in vivo, leading to the pathological deformity or disappearance of the nucleolus. Taken together, these findings indicate that PQBP5/NOL10 is an essential protein needed to maintain the structure of the nucleolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Jin
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hikari Tanaka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Meihua Jin
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kyota Fujita
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hidenori Homma
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Maiko Inotsume
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Huang Yong
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kenichi Umeda
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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Bruno T, Corleone G, Catena V, Cortile C, De Nicola F, Fabretti F, Gumenyuk S, Pisani F, Mengarelli A, Passananti C, Fanciulli M. AATF/Che-1 localizes to paraspeckles and suppresses R-loops accumulation and interferon activation in Multiple Myeloma. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109711. [PMID: 35929179 PMCID: PMC9670196 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several kinds of stress promote the formation of three-stranded RNA:DNA hybrids called R-loops. Insufficient clearance of these structures promotes genomic instability and DNA damage, which ultimately contribute to the establishment of cancer phenotypes. Paraspeckle assemblies participate in R-loop resolution and preserve genome stability, however, the main determinants of this mechanism are still unknown. This study finds that in Multiple Myeloma (MM), AATF/Che-1 (Che-1), an RNA-binding protein fundamental to transcription regulation, interacts with paraspeckles via the lncRNA NEAT1_2 (NEAT1) and directly localizes on R-loops. We systematically show that depletion of Che-1 produces a marked accumulation of RNA:DNA hybrids. We provide evidence that such failure to resolve R-loops causes sustained activation of a systemic inflammatory response characterized by an interferon (IFN) gene expression signature. Furthermore, elevated levels of R-loops and of mRNA for paraspeckle genes in patient cells are linearly correlated with Multiple Myeloma progression. Moreover, increased interferon gene expression signature in patients is associated with markedly poor prognosis. Taken together, our study indicates that Che-1/NEAT1 cooperation prevents excessive inflammatory signaling in Multiple Myeloma by facilitating the clearance of R-loops. Further studies on different cancer types are needed to test if this mechanism is ubiquitously conserved and fundamental for cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Valeria Catena
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Clelia Cortile
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Svitlana Gumenyuk
- Hematology UnitIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Hematology UnitIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Andrea Mengarelli
- Hematology UnitIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
| | - Claudio Passananti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CNR‐Institute of Molecular Biology and PathologySapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research AreaIRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly
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Gabanella F, Barbato C, Fiore M, Petrella C, de Vincentiis M, Greco A, Minni A, Corbi N, Passananti C, Di Certo MG. Fine-Tuning of mTOR mRNA and Nucleolin Complexes by SMN. Cells 2021; 10:3015. [PMID: 34831238 PMCID: PMC8616268 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence points to the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein as a key determinant of translation pathway. Besides its role in RNA processing and sorting, several works support a critical implication of SMN in ribosome biogenesis. We previously showed that SMN binds ribosomal proteins (RPs) as well as their encoding transcripts, ensuring an appropriate level of locally synthesized RPs. SMN impacts the translation machinery in both neural and non-neural cells, in agreement with the concept that SMN is an essential protein in all cell types. Here, we further assessed the relationship between SMN and translation-related factors in immortalized human fibroblasts. We focused on SMN-nucleolin interaction, keeping in mind that nucleolin is an RNA-binding protein, highly abundant within the nucleolus, that exhibits a central role in ribosomes production. Nucleolin may also affects translation network by binding the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) mRNA and promoting its local synthesis. In this regard, for the first time we provided evidence that SMN protein itself associates with mTOR transcript. Collectively, we found that: (1) SMN coexists with nucleolin-mTOR mRNA complexes at subcellular level; (2) SMN deficiency impairs nucleolar compartmentalization of nucleolin, and (3) this event correlates with the nuclear retention of mTOR mRNA. These findings suggest that SMN may regulate not only structural components of translation machinery, but also their upstream regulating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gabanella
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (M.F.); (C.P.)
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291-00161 Rome, Italy; (N.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Christian Barbato
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (M.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Marco Fiore
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (M.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Carla Petrella
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (M.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Marco de Vincentiis
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (M.d.V.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (M.d.V.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Minni
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (M.d.V.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291-00161 Rome, Italy; (N.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291-00161 Rome, Italy; (N.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (M.F.); (C.P.)
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Catena V, Bruno T, Iezzi S, Matteoni S, Salis A, Sorino C, Damonte G, Fanciulli M. CK2-mediated phosphorylation of Che-1/AATF is required for its pro-proliferative activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:232. [PMID: 34266450 PMCID: PMC8281565 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Che-1/AATF (Che-1) is an RNA polymerase II binding protein involved in several cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and response to stress. We have recently demonstrated that Che-1 is able to promote cell proliferation by sustaining global histone acetylation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells where it interacts with histone proteins and competes with HDAC class I members for binding. Methods Site-directed Mutagenesis was performed to generate a Che-1 mutant (Che-1 3S) lacking three serine residues (Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321) in 308–325 aa region. Western blot experiments were conducted to examine the effect of depletion or over-expression of Che-1 and Che-1 3S mutant on histone acetylation, in different human cancer cell lines. Proliferation assays were assessed to estimate the change in cells number when Che-1 was over-expressed or deleted. Immunoprecipitation assays were performed to evaluate Che-1/histone H3 interaction when Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 were removed. The involvement of CK2 kinase in Che-1 phosphorylation at these residues was analysed by in vitro kinase, 2D gel electrophoresis assays and mass spectrometry analysis. Results Here, we confirmed that Che-1 depletion reduces cell proliferation with a concomitant general histone deacetylation in several tumor cell lines. Furthermore, we provided evidence that CK2 protein kinase phosphorylates Che-1 at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 and that these modifications are required for Che-1/histone H3 binding. These results improve our understanding onto the mechanisms by which Che-1 regulates histone acetylation and cell proliferation. Conclusions Che-1 phosphorylation at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 by CK2 promotes the interaction with histone H3 and represents an essential requirement for Che-1 pro-proliferative ability. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02038-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Catena
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Matteoni
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salis
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Damonte
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Srinivas AN, Suresh D, Mirshahi F, Santhekadur PK, Sanyal AJ, Kumar DP. Emerging roles of AATF: Checkpoint signaling and beyond. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3383-3395. [PMID: 33145763 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), an interacting partner of RNA polymerase II is a multifunctional protein that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. In addition to the regulation of gene expression as a transcriptional coactivator, AATF is shown to play a dual role in regulating the cell cycle by displacing histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) from the retinoblastoma-E2F transcription factor (Rb-E2F) complex and also from the specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor responsible for p21 expression, thereby ensuring cell proliferation and growth arrest, respectively, at different checkpoints of the cell cycle. Notably, AATF has emerged as one of the most important modulators of various cellular responses such as proliferation, apoptosis, and survival. Studies have demonstrated that AATF protects cells from multiple stress stimuli such as DNA damage, ER stress, hypoxia, or glucose deprivation by inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy, or apoptosis inhibition. Furthermore, AATF serves as a critical regulator in various cancers and promotes tumorigenesis by protecting cancer cells from apoptosis induction, favoring cell proliferation, or promoting cell survival by autophagy. Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of AATF in ribosome biosynthesis and have also provided insights into the mechanistic role of AATF, offering impressive cytoprotection in myocardial infarction, neurologic diseases, and nephronophthisis. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the role of AATF and shed light on its emerging roles underlining the potential use of AATF as a novel biomarker and as an effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha N Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Diwakar Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Faridoddin Mirshahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of GastroenterologyHepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of GastroenterologyHepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Divya P Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Sorino C, Catena V, Bruno T, De Nicola F, Scalera S, Bossi G, Fabretti F, Mano M, De Smaele E, Fanciulli M, Iezzi S. Che-1/AATF binds to RNA polymerase I machinery and sustains ribosomal RNA gene transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5891-5906. [PMID: 32421830 PMCID: PMC7293028 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as an RNA polymerase II interactor, Che-1/AATF (Che-1) has now been recognized as a multifunctional protein involved in cell-cycle regulation and cancer progression, as well as apoptosis inhibition and response to stress. This protein displays a peculiar nucleolar localization and it has recently been implicated in pre-rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Here, we report the identification of a novel function of Che-1 in the regulation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, in both cancer and normal cells. We demonstrate that Che-1 interacts with RNA polymerase I and nucleolar upstream binding factor (UBF) and promotes RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. Furthermore, this protein binds to the rRNA gene (rDNA) promoter and modulates its epigenetic state by contrasting the recruitment of HDAC1. Che-1 downregulation affects RNA polymerase I and UBF recruitment on rDNA and leads to reducing rDNA promoter activity and 47S pre-rRNA production. Interestingly, Che-1 depletion induces abnormal nucleolar morphology associated with re-distribution of nucleolar proteins. Finally, we show that upon DNA damage Che-1 re-localizes from rDNA to TP53 gene promoter to induce cell-cycle arrest. This previously uncharacterized function of Che-1 confirms the important role of this protein in the regulation of ribosome biogenesis, cellular proliferation and response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sorino
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Miguel Mano
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3060 197, Portugal
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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10
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Kaiser RWJ, Erber J, Höpker K, Fabretti F, Müller RU. AATF/Che-1-An RNA Binding Protein at the Nexus of DNA Damage Response and Ribosome Biogenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:919. [PMID: 32587828 PMCID: PMC7298124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex signaling network that is activated upon genotoxic stress. It determines cellular fate by either activating cell cycle arrest or initiating apoptosis and thereby ensures genomic stability. The Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor (AATF/Che-1), an RNA polymerase II-interacting transcription factor and known downstream target of major DDR kinases, affects DDR signaling by inhibiting p53-mediated transcription of pro-apoptotic genes and promoting cell cycle arrest through various pathways instead. Specifically, AATF was shown to inhibit p53 expression at the transcriptional level and repress its pro-apoptotic activity by direct binding to p53 protein and transactivation of anti-apoptotic genes. Solid and hematological tumors of various organs exploit this function by overexpressing AATF. Both copy number gains and high expression levels of AATF were associated with worse prognosis or relapse of malignant tumors. Recently, a number of studies have enabled insights into the molecular mechanisms by which AATF affects both DDR and proliferation. AATF was found to directly localize to sites of DNA damage upon laser ablation and interact with DNA repair proteins. In addition, depletion of AATF resulted in increased DNA damage and decrease of both proliferative activity and genotoxic tolerance. Interestingly, considering the role of ribosomal stress in the regulation of p53, more recent work established AATF as ribosomal RNA binding protein and enabled insights into its role as an important factor for rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. This Mini Review summarizes recent findings on AATF and its important role in the DDR, malignancy, and ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer W J Kaiser
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Erber
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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11
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Proshkin SA, Shematorova EK, Shpakovski GV. The Human Isoform of RNA Polymerase II Subunit hRPB11bα Specifically Interacts with Transcription Factor ATF4. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E135. [PMID: 31878192 PMCID: PMC6981380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rpb11 subunit of RNA polymerase II of Eukaryotes is related to N-terminal domain of eubacterial α subunit and forms a complex with Rpb3 subunit analogous to prokaryotic α2 homodimer, which is involved in RNA polymerase assembly and promoter recognition. In humans, a POLR2J gene family has been identified that potentially encodes several hRPB11 proteins differing mainly in their short C-terminal regions. The functions of the different human specific isoforms are still mainly unknown. To further characterize the minor human specific isoform of RNA polymerase II subunit hRPB11bα, the only one from hRPB11 (POLR2J) homologues that can replace its yeast counterpart in vivo, we used it as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screening of a human fetal brain cDNA library. By this analysis and subsequent co-purification assay in vitro, we identified transcription factor ATF4 as a prominent partner of the minor RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) subunit hRPB11bα. We demonstrated that the hRPB11bα interacts with leucine b-Zip domain located on the C-terminal part of ATF4. Overexpression of ATF4 activated the reporter more than 10-fold whereas co-transfection of hRPB11bα resulted in a 2.5-fold enhancement of ATF4 activation. Our data indicate that the mode of interaction of human RNAP II main (containing major for of hRPB11 subunit) and minor (containing hRPB11bα isoform of POLR2J subunit) transcription enzymes with ATF4 is certainly different in the two complexes involving hRPB3-ATF4 (not hRPB11a-ATF4) and hRpb11bα-ATF4 platforms in the first and the second case, respectively. The interaction of hRPB11bα and ATF4 appears to be necessary for the activation of RNA polymerase II containing the minor isoform of the hRPB11 subunit (POLR2J) on gene promoters regulated by this transcription factor. ATF4 activates transcription by directly contacting RNA polymerase II in the region of the heterodimer of α-like subunits (Rpb3-Rpb11) without involving a Mediator, which provides fast and highly effective activation of transcription of the desired genes. In RNA polymerase II of Homo sapiens that contains plural isoforms of the subunit hRPB11 (POLR2J), the strength of the hRPB11-ATF4 interaction appeared to be isoform-specific, providing the first functional distinction between the previously discovered human forms of the Rpb11 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Proshkin
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Gene Expression, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.P.); (E.K.S.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena K. Shematorova
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Gene Expression, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.P.); (E.K.S.)
| | - George V. Shpakovski
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Gene Expression, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.P.); (E.K.S.)
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12
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Lee C, Chang W, Chang Y, Yang J, Chang C, Hsu K, Chen Y, Liu T, Chen Y, Lin S, Wu Y, Chang J. Alternative splicing in human cancer cells is modulated by the amiloride derivative 3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)carbamimidoyl)pyrazine-2-carboxide. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1744-1762. [PMID: 31152681 PMCID: PMC6670021 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a process that enables the generation of multiple protein isoforms with different biological properties from a single mRNA. Cancer cells often use the maneuverability conferred by AS to produce proteins that contribute to growth and survival. In our previous studies, we identified that amiloride modulates AS in cancer cells. However, the effective concentration of amiloride required to modulate AS is too high for use in cancer treatment. In this study, we used computational algorithms to screen potential amiloride derivatives for their ability to regulate AS in cancer cells. We found that 3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)carbamimidoyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (BS008) can regulate AS of apoptotic gene transcripts, including HIPK3, SMAC, and BCL-X, at a lower concentration than amiloride. This splicing regulation involved various splicing factors, and it was accompanied by a change in the phosphorylation state of serine/arginine-rich proteins (SR proteins). RNA sequencing was performed to reveal that AS of many other apoptotic gene transcripts, such as AATF, ATM, AIFM1, NFKB1, and API5, was also modulated by BS008. In vivo experiments further indicated that treatment of tumor-bearing mice with BS008 resulted in a marked decrease in tumor size. BS008 also had inhibitory effects in vitro, either alone or in a synergistic combination with the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents sorafenib and nilotinib. BS008 enabled sorafenib dose reduction without compromising antitumor activity. These findings suggest that BS008 may possess therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien‐Chin Lee
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Hsin Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Precision MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jinn‐Moon Yang
- TIGP‐BioinformaticsInstitute of Information ScienceAcademia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
- Department of Biological Science and TechnologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Shiang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Kai‐Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug DiscoveryCollege of Medical Science and TechnologyTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Yun‐Ti Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Ting‐Yuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Chia Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Shyr‐Yi Lin
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Department of General MedicineSchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Yang‐Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural ProductsKaohsiung Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Research Center for Natural Products and Drug DevelopmentKaohsiung Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchKaohsiung Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jan‐Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
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13
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Kaiser RWJ, Ignarski M, Van Nostrand EL, Frese CK, Jain M, Cukoski S, Heinen H, Schaechter M, Seufert L, Bunte K, Frommolt P, Keller P, Helm M, Bohl K, Höhne M, Schermer B, Benzing T, Höpker K, Dieterich C, Yeo GW, Müller RU, Fabretti F. A protein-RNA interaction atlas of the ribosome biogenesis factor AATF. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11071. [PMID: 31363146 PMCID: PMC6667500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AATF is a central regulator of the cellular outcome upon p53 activation, a finding that has primarily been attributed to its function as a transcription factor. Recent data showed that AATF is essential for ribosome biogenesis and plays a role in rRNA maturation. AATF has been implicated to fulfil this role through direct interaction with rRNA and was identified in several RNA-interactome capture experiments. Here, we provide a first comprehensive analysis of the RNA bound by AATF using CLIP-sequencing. Interestingly, this approach shows predominant binding of the 45S pre-ribosomal RNA precursor molecules. Furthermore, AATF binds to mRNAs encoding for ribosome biogenesis factors as well as snoRNAs. These findings are complemented by an in-depth analysis of the protein interactome of AATF containing a large set of proteins known to play a role in rRNA maturation with an emphasis on the protein-RNA-complexes known to be required for the generation of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU). In line with this finding, the binding sites of AATF within the 45S rRNA precursor localize in close proximity to the SSU cleavage sites. Consequently, our multilayer analysis of the protein-RNA interactome of AATF reveals this protein to be an important hub for protein and RNA interactions involved in ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer W J Kaiser
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Ignarski
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eric L Van Nostrand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian K Frese
- Proteomics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manaswita Jain
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sadrija Cukoski
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heide Heinen
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Schaechter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Seufert
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Bunte
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Frommolt
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Bohl
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Höhne
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine III, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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14
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Kumar DP, Santhekadur PK, Seneshaw M, Mirshahi F, Uram-Tuculescu C, Sanyal AJ. A Regulatory Role of Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology 2019; 69:1520-1534. [PMID: 30394550 PMCID: PMC6440548 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing as a cause of liver-related mortality largely because of the growing burden of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The mechanisms of HCC development in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are incompletely understood. We initially identified apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) to be associated with HCC in a mouse model of NASH that develops HCC without the addition of specific carcinogens. AATF, also called che-1, is a transcriptional factor that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. AATF is known to be a central mediator of the cellular responses as it promotes cell proliferation and survival by inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy, DNA repair, and inhibition of apoptosis. However, the role of AATF in NASH and HCC remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence for AATF as a contributory factor for HCC in NAFLD. AATF overexpression was further verified in human NASH and HCC and multiple human HCC cell lines. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), known to be increased in NASH, induced AATF expression. Promoter analysis of AATF revealed a sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1-c (SREBP-1c) binding site; inhibition of SREBP-1 by using specific inhibitors as well as small interfering RNA decreased TNFα-induced AATF expression. AATF interacted with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to increase monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. AATF knockdown decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, colony formation, and anchorage-dependent growth in HCC cell lines. Xenograft of QGY-7703 HCC cells with AATF stably knocked down into nonobese diabetic scid gamma mice demonstrated reduced tumorigenesis and metastases. Conclusion: AATF drives NAFLD and hepatocarcinogenesis, offering a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya P. Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Prasanna K. Santhekadur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Mulugeta Seneshaw
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Faridoddin Mirshahi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Cora Uram-Tuculescu
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Arun J. Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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15
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Jain M, Kaiser RW, Bohl K, Hoehne M, Göbel H, Bartram MP, Habbig S, Müller RU, Fogo AB, Benzing T, Schermer B, Höpker K, Slaats GG. Inactivation of Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor in tubular epithelial cells induces accumulation of DNA damage and nephronophthisis. Kidney Int 2019; 95:846-858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Che-1 inhibits oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced neuronal apoptosis associated with inhibition of the p53-mediated proapoptotic signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2018; 29:1193-1200. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Folgiero V, Sorino C, Pallocca M, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Bertaina V, Strocchio L, Romania P, Pitisci A, Iezzi S, Catena V, Bruno T, Strimpakos G, Passananti C, Mattei E, Blandino G, Locatelli F, Fanciulli M. Che-1 is targeted by c-Myc to sustain proliferation in pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201744871. [PMID: 29367285 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite progress in treating B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), disease recurrence remains the main cause of treatment failure. New strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes are needed, particularly in high-risk relapsed patients. Che-1/AATF (Che-1) is an RNA polymerase II-binding protein involved in proliferation and tumor survival, but its role in hematological malignancies has not been clarified. Here, we show that Che-1 is overexpressed in pediatric BCP-ALL during disease onset and at relapse, and that its depletion inhibits the proliferation of BCP-ALL cells. Furthermore, we report that c-Myc regulates Che-1 expression by direct binding to its promoter and describe a strict correlation between Che-1 expression and c-Myc expression. RNA-seq analyses upon Che-1 or c-Myc depletion reveal a strong overlap of the respective controlled pathways. Genomewide ChIP-seq experiments suggest that Che-1 acts as a downstream effector of c-Myc. These results identify the pivotal role of Che-1 in the control of BCP-ALL proliferation and present the protein as a possible therapeutic target in children with relapsed BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Folgiero
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bertaina
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Strocchio
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Romania
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Pitisci
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Welcker D, Jain M, Khurshid S, Jokić M, Höhne M, Schmitt A, Frommolt P, Niessen CM, Spiro J, Persigehl T, Wittersheim M, Büttner R, Fanciulli M, Schermer B, Reinhardt HC, Benzing T, Höpker K. AATF suppresses apoptosis, promotes proliferation and is critical for Kras-driven lung cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:1503-1518. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Che1/AATF interacts with subunits of the histone acetyltransferase core module of SAGA complexes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189193. [PMID: 29232376 PMCID: PMC5726650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
General Control Non-derepressible 5 (GCN5) and Alteration/Deficiency in Activation 2 and 3 proteins (ADA2 and ADA3, respectively) are subunits of the Histone AcetylTransferase (HAT) module of SAGA- and ATAC-type co-activators. We previously reported four new interacting partners of human ADA3 identified by screening a human fetal brain cDNA library using yeast two hybrid technology. One of these partners was Apoptosis-Antagonizing Transcription Factor (AATF), also known as Che-1, an RNA polymerase II-binding protein with a number of roles in different cellular processes including regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, cell cycle control, DNA damage responses and apoptosis. Che-1/AATF is a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatments. In this study, we aimed to identify whether besides ADA3, other components of the HAT modules of SAGA and ATAC complexes, human ADA2 and GCN5 also interact with Che-1/AATF. Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization experiments were used to demonstrate association of AATF both with two ADA2 isoforms, ADA2A and ADA2B and with GCN5 proteins in human cells and yeast two-hybrid assays to delineate domains in the ADA2 and GCN5 proteins required for these interactions. These findings provide new insights into the pathways regulated by ADA-containing protein complexes.
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20
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Christensen AG, Ehmsen S, Terp MG, Batra R, Alcaraz N, Baumbach J, Noer JB, Moreira J, Leth-Larsen R, Larsen MR, Ditzel HJ. Elucidation of Altered Pathways in Tumor-Initiating Cells of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Useful Cell Model System for Drug Screening. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1898-1912. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne G. Christensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Sidse Ehmsen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Mikkel G. Terp
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Richa Batra
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Nicolas Alcaraz
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science; Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Julie B. Noer
- Section for Molecular Disease Biology, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology; Section for Molecular Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - José Moreira
- Section for Molecular Disease Biology, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology; Section for Molecular Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen; Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Rikke Leth-Larsen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Martin R. Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology; Centre for Clinical Proteomics, Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Henrik J. Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Department of Oncology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
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21
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Bruno T, Valerio M, Casadei L, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Pallocca M, Catena V, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Desantis A, Manetti C, Blandino G, Floridi A, Fanciulli M. Che-1 sustains hypoxic response of colorectal cancer cells by affecting Hif-1α stabilization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:32. [PMID: 28214471 PMCID: PMC5316229 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Solid tumours are less oxygenated than normal tissues. Consequently, cancer cells acquire to be adapted to a hypoxic environment. The poor oxygenation of solid tumours is also a major indicator of an adverse cancer prognosis and leads to resistance to conventional anticancer treatments. We previously showed the involvement of Che-1/AATF (Che-1) in cancer cell survival under stress conditions. Herein we hypothesized that Che-1 plays a role in the response of cancer cells to hypoxia. Methods The human colon adenocarcinoma HCT116 and HT29 cell lines undepleted or depleted for Che-1 expression by siRNA, were treated under normoxic and hypoxic conditions to perform studies regarding the role of this protein in metabolic adaptation and cell proliferation. Che-1 expression was detected using western blot assays; cell metabolism was assessed by NMR spectroscopy and functional assays. Additional molecular studies were performed by RNA seq, qRT-PCR and ChIP analyses. Results Here we report that Che-1 expression is required for the adaptation of cells to hypoxia, playing an important role in metabolic modulation. Indeed, Che-1 depletion impacted on HIF-1α stabilization, thus downregulating the expression of several genes involved in the response to hypoxia and affecting glucose metabolism. Conclusions We show that Che-1 a novel player in the regulation of HIF-1α in response to hypoxia. Notably, we found that Che-1 is required for SIAH-2 expression, a member of E3 ubiquitin ligase family that is involved in the degradation of the hydroxylase PHD3, the master regulator of HIF-1α stability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0497-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Luca Casadei
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- UOSD Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Agata Desantis
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Manetti
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- UOSD Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Aristide Floridi
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Zalcman G, Corbi N, Di Certo MG, Mattei E, Federman N, Romano A. Heterozygous Che-1 KO mice show deficiencies in object recognition memory persistence. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:169-74. [PMID: 27589891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation is a key process in the formation of long-term memories. Che-1 is a protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription that has recently been proved to bind the transcription factor NF-κB, which is known to be involved in many memory-related molecular events. This evidence prompted us to investigate the putative role of Che-1 in memory processes. For this study we newly generated a line of Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mice. Che-1 homozygous KO mouse is lethal during development, but Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mouse is normal in its general anatomical and physiological characteristics. We analyzed the behavioral characteristic and memory performance of Che-1(+/-) mice in two NF-κB dependent types of memory. We found that Che-1(+/-) mice show similar locomotor activity and thigmotactic behavior than wild type (WT) mice in an open field. In a similar way, no differences were found in anxiety-like behavior between Che-1(+/-) and WT mice in an elevated plus maze as well as in fear response in a contextual fear conditioning (CFC) and object exploration in a novel object recognition (NOR) task. No differences were found between WT and Che-1(+/-) mice performance in CFC training and when tested at 24h or 7days after training. Similar performance was found between groups in NOR task, both in training and 24h testing performance. However, we found that object recognition memory persistence at 7days was impaired in Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mice. This is the first evidence showing that Che-1 is involved in memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Zalcman
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-IBPM, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Noel Federman
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arturo Romano
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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Pisani C, Onori A, Gabanella F, Delle Monache F, Borreca A, Ammassari-Teule M, Fanciulli M, Di Certo MG, Passananti C, Corbi N. eEF1Bγ binds the Che-1 and TP53 gene promoters and their transcripts. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:146. [PMID: 27639846 PMCID: PMC5027090 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously shown that the eukaryotic elongation factor subunit 1B gamma (eEF1Bγ) interacts with the RNA polymerase II (pol II) alpha-like subunit “C” (POLR2C), alone or complexed, in the pol II enzyme. Moreover, we demonstrated that eEF1Bγ binds the promoter region and the 3’ UTR mRNA of the vimentin gene. These events contribute to localize the vimentin transcript and consequentially its translation, promoting a proper mitochondrial network. Methods With the intent of identifying additional transcripts that complex with the eEF1Bγ protein, we performed a series of ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays using a mitochondria-enriched heavy membrane (HM) fraction. Results Among the eEF1Bγ complexed transcripts, we found the mRNA encoding the Che-1/AATF multifunctional protein. As reported by other research groups, we found the tumor suppressor p53 transcript complexed with the eEF1Bγ protein. Here, we show for the first time that eEF1Bγ binds not only Che-1 and p53 transcripts but also their promoters. Remarkably, we demonstrate that both the Che-1 transcript and its translated product localize also to the mitochondria and that eEF1Bγ depletion strongly perturbs the mitochondrial network and the correct localization of Che-1. In a doxorubicin (Dox)-induced DNA damage assay we show that eEF1Bγ depletion significantly decreases p53 protein accumulation and slightly impacts on Che-1 accumulation. Importantly, Che-1 and p53 proteins are components of the DNA damage response machinery that maintains genome integrity and prevents tumorigenesis. Conclusions Our data support the notion that eEF1Bγ, besides its canonical role in translation, is an RNA-binding protein and a key player in cellular stress responses. We suggest for eEF1Bγ a role as primordial transcription/translation factor that links fundamental steps from transcription control to local translation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0424-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Pisani
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Onori
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gabanella
- CNR -Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Delle Monache
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Borreca
- CNR -Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Martine Ammassari-Teule
- CNR -Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, SAFU Laboratory, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR -Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Bammert L, Jonas S, Ungricht R, Kutay U. Human AATF/Che-1 forms a nucleolar protein complex with NGDN and NOL10 required for 40S ribosomal subunit synthesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9803-9820. [PMID: 27599843 PMCID: PMC5175352 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian AATF/Che-1 is essential for embryonic development, however, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. By immunoprecipitation of human AATF we discovered that AATF forms a salt-stable protein complex together with neuroguidin (NGDN) and NOL10, and demonstrate that the AATF-NGDN-NOL10 (ANN) complex functions in ribosome biogenesis. All three ANN complex members localize to nucleoli and display a mutual dependence with respect to protein stability. Mapping of protein-protein interaction domains revealed the importance of both the evolutionary conserved WD40 repeats in NOL10 and the UTP3/SAS10 domain in NGDN for complex formation. Functional analysis showed that the ANN complex supports nucleolar steps of 40S ribosomal subunit biosynthesis. All complex members were required for 18S rRNA maturation and their individual depletion affected the same nucleolar cleavage steps in the 5′ETS and ITS1 regions of the ribosomal RNA precursor. Collectively, we identified the ANN complex as a novel functional module supporting the nucleolar maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Our data help to explain the described role of AATF in cell proliferation during mouse development as well as its requirement for malignant tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bammert
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Sciences Ph.D. Program, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Jonas
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ulrike Kutay
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Liu M, Wang D, Li N. Che-1 gene silencing induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by inhibiting mutant p53 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:168-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Bruno T, Iezzi S, Fanciulli M. Che-1/AATF: A Critical Cofactor for Both Wild-Type- and Mutant-p53 Proteins. Front Oncol 2016; 6:34. [PMID: 26913241 PMCID: PMC4753824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is a key player in a wide range of protein networks that allow the state of “good health” of the cell. Not surprisingly, mutations of the TP53 gene are one of the most common alterations associated to cancer cells. Mutated forms of p53 (mtp53) not only lose the ability to protect the integrity of the genetic heritage of the cell but also acquire pro-oncogenic functions, behaving like dangerous accelerators of transformation and tumor progression. In recent years, many studies focused on investigating possible strategies aiming to counteract this mutant p53 “gain of function” but the results have not always been satisfactory. Che-1/AATF is a nuclear protein that binds to RNA polymerase II and plays a role in multiple fundamental processes, including control of transcription, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. Several studies showed Che-1/AATF as an important endogenous regulator of p53 expression and activity in a variety of biological processes. Notably, this same regulation was more recently observed also on mtp53. The depletion of Che-1/AATF strongly reduces the expression of mutant p53 in several tumors in vitro and in vivo, making the cells an easier target for chemotherapy treatments. In this mini review, we report an overview of Che-1/AATF functions and discuss a possible role of Che-1/AATF in cancer therapy, with particular regard to its action on p53/mtp53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
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27
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Desantis A, Bruno T, Catena V, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Gentileschi MP, Germoni S, Monteleone V, Pellegrino M, Kann M, De Meo PD, Pallocca M, Höpker K, Moretti F, Mattei E, Reinhardt HC, Floridi A, Passananti C, Benzing T, Blandino G, Fanciulli M. Che-1 modulates the decision between cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by its binding to p53. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1764. [PMID: 25996291 PMCID: PMC4669697 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation of a large number of growth-arrest- and apoptosis-related genes. However, a clear understanding of which factor/s influences the choice between these two opposing p53-dependent outcomes remains largely elusive. We have previously described that in response to DNA damage, the RNA polymerase II-binding protein Che-1/AATF transcriptionally activates p53. Here, we show that Che-1 binds directly to p53. This interaction essentially occurs in the first hours of DNA damage, whereas it is lost when cells undergo apoptosis in response to posttranscriptional modifications. Moreover, Che-1 sits in a ternary complex with p53 and the oncosuppressor Brca1. Accordingly, our analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy by p53 revealed that p53/Che1 interaction results in preferential transactivation of growth arrest p53 target genes over its pro-apoptotic target genes. Notably, exposure of Che-1+/− mice to ionizing radiations resulted in enhanced apoptosis of thymocytes, compared with WT mice. These results confirm Che-1 as an important regulator of p53 activity and suggest Che-1 to be a promising yet attractive drug target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Desantis
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - T Bruno
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - V Catena
- 1] Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy [2] Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio Coppito 2, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy
| | - F De Nicola
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - F Goeman
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - S Iezzi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - C Sorino
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M P Gentileschi
- SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - S Germoni
- SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - V Monteleone
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Pellegrino
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Kann
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P D De Meo
- HPC CINECA, Via dei Tizii, 6, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - M Pallocca
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - K Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Moretti
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - E Mattei
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - H C Reinhardt
- 1] Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [2] Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Floridi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - C Passananti
- IBMN-CNR, Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - T Benzing
- 1] Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [2] Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [3] Systems Biology of Aging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G Blandino
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Fanciulli
- 1] Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy [2] SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
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Iezzi S, Fanciulli M. Discovering Che-1/AATF: a new attractive target for cancer therapy. Front Genet 2015; 6:141. [PMID: 25914721 PMCID: PMC4392318 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional cofactor Che-1/AATF is currently emerging as an important component of the DNA damage response (DDR) machinery, the complex signaling network that maintains genome integrity and prevents tumorigenesis. Moreover this protein is involved in a wide range of cellular pathways, regulating proliferation and survival in both physiological and pathological conditions. Notably, some evidence indicates that dysregulation of Che-1/AATF levels are associated with the transformation process and elevated levels of Che-1/AATF are required for tumor cell survival. It is for these reasons that Che-1/AATF has been regarded as an attractive, still theoretical, therapeutic target for cancer treatments. In this review, we will provide an updated overview of Che-1/AATF activities, from transcriptional regulation to DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Iezzi
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome Italy
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Desantis A, Bruno T, Catena V, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Ponzoni M, Bossi G, Federico V, La Rosa F, Ricciardi MR, Lesma E, De Meo PD, Castrignanò T, Petrucci MT, Pisani F, Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Floridi A, Tonon G, Passananti C, Blandino G, Fanciulli M. Che-1-induced inhibition of mTOR pathway enables stress-induced autophagy. EMBO J 2015; 34:1214-30. [PMID: 25770584 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key protein kinase that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis. Its activity is inhibited by adverse conditions, including nutrient limitation, hypoxia, and DNA damage. In this study, we demonstrate that Che-1, a RNA polymerase II-binding protein activated by the DNA damage response, inhibits mTOR activity in response to stress conditions. We found that, under stress, Che-1 induces the expression of two important mTOR inhibitors, Redd1 and Deptor, and that this activity is required for sustaining stress-induced autophagy. Strikingly, Che-1 expression correlates with the progression of multiple myeloma and is required for cell growth and survival, a malignancy characterized by high autophagy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Desantis
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Translational Oncogenomic Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology and Myeloma Units, Molecular Oncology Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Federico
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca La Rosa
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lesma
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Teresa Petrucci
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Hematology Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Chesi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - P Leif Bergsagel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Aristide Floridi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Molecular Oncology Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR Department of Molecular Medicine "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomic Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Schöler J, Ferralli J, Thiry S, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. The intracellular domain of teneurin-1 induces the activity of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) by binding to transcriptional repressor HINT1. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8154-65. [PMID: 25648896 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.615922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Teneurins are large type II transmembrane proteins that are necessary for the normal development of the CNS. Although many studies highlight the significance of teneurins, especially during development, there is only limited information known about the molecular mechanisms of function. Previous studies have shown that the N-terminal intracellular domain (ICD) of teneurins can be cleaved at the membrane and subsequently translocates to the nucleus, where it can influence gene transcription. Because teneurin ICDs do not contain any intrinsic DNA binding sequences, interaction partners are required to affect transcription. Here, we identified histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) as a human teneurin-1 ICD interaction partner in a yeast two-hybrid screen. This interaction was confirmed in human cells, where HINT1 is known to inhibit the transcription of target genes by directly binding to transcription factors at the promoter. In a whole transcriptome analysis of BS149 glioblastoma cells overexpressing the teneurin-1 ICD, several microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) target genes were found to be up-regulated. Directly comparing the transcriptomes of MITF versus TEN1-ICD-overexpressing BS149 cells revealed 42 co-regulated genes, including glycoprotein non-metastatic b (GPNMB). Using real-time quantitative PCR to detect endogenous GPNMB expression upon overexpression of MITF and HINT1 as well as promoter reporter assays using GPNMB promoter constructs, we could demonstrate that the teneurin-1 ICD binds HINT1, thus switching on MITF-dependent transcription of GPNMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Schöler
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and the Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Ferralli
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Stéphane Thiry
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- From the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland and the Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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HIPK2 sustains apoptotic response by phosphorylating Che-1/AATF and promoting its degradation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1414. [PMID: 25210797 PMCID: PMC4225224 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Che-1/AATF is an RNA polymerase II-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of gene transcription, which undergoes stabilization and accumulation in response to DNA damage. We have previously demonstrated that following apoptotic induction, Che-1 protein levels are downregulated through its interaction with the E3 ligase HDM2, which leads to Che-1 degradation by ubiquitylation. This interaction is mediated by Pin1, which determines a phosphorylation-dependent conformational change. Here we demonstrate that HIPK2, a proapoptotic kinase, is involved in Che-1 degradation. HIPK2 interacts with Che-1 and, upon genotoxic stress, phosphorylates it at specific residues. This event strongly increases HDM2/Che-1 interaction and degradation of Che-1 protein via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal system. In agreement with these findings, we found that HIPK2 depletion strongly decreases Che-1 ubiquitylation and degradation. Notably, Che-1 overexpression strongly counteracts HIPK2-induced apoptosis. Our results establish Che-1 as a new HIPK2 target and confirm its important role in the cellular response to DNA damage.
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Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) gene silencing: role in induction of apoptosis and down-regulation of estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:1561-70. [PMID: 23801113 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) is involved in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle control, DNA damage responses and in the execution of cell death programs. It also interacts directly with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transactivation. This study highlights the RNomics of AATF gene in the pathogenesis of breast cancer: RNA interference gave 64% reduction in AATF mRNA and 47% decline in AATF protein expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cell proliferation decreased by 41% after transfection and was accompanied by apoptosis induction in 30% MCF-7 cells. Pro-apoptotic genes (Bax, Bag4, Fas, Faslg, Fadd, Casp5, Casp6, Abl 1, Apaf1, Bcl2l 11, Card4, -6, -8, Bnip2 and Bnip3l) were up-regulated and anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl2, Mcl1dc, TNF, Pycard, Tradd, Bcl2A1 and Birc1) were down-regulated as were estrogen receptor mRNA (42%) and protein expression (30 %). In normal non-malignant mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) apoptosis induction was only 18% with a 9% fall in ER protein expression. Thus, AATF-silencing can be used to induce apoptosis and regulate ER expression in breast cancer cells for therapeutic interventions.
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Sorino C, Bruno T, Desantis A, Di Certo MG, Iezzi S, De Nicola F, Catena V, Floridi A, Chessa L, Passananti C, Cundari E, Fanciulli M. Centrosomal Che-1 protein is involved in the regulation of mitosis and DNA damage response by mediating pericentrin (PCNT)-dependent Chk1 protein localization. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23348-57. [PMID: 23798705 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.465302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To combat threats posed by DNA damage, cells have evolved mechanisms, collectively termed DNA damage response (DDR). These mechanisms detect DNA lesions, signal their presence, and promote their repair. Centrosomes integrate G2/M checkpoint control and repair signals in response to genotoxic stress, acting as an efficient control mechanism when G2/M checkpoint function fails and mitosis begins in the presence of damaged DNA. Che-1 is an RNA polymerase II-binding protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription, induction of cell proliferation, and DDR. Here we provide evidence that in addition to its nuclear localization, Che-1 localizes at interphase centrosomes, where it accumulates following DNA damage or spindle poisons. We show that Che-1 depletion generates supernumerary centrosomes, multinucleated cells, and multipolar spindle formation. Notably, Che-1 depletion abolishes the ability of Chk1 to bind pericentrin and to localize at centrosomes, which, in its turn, deregulates the activation of centrosomal cyclin B-Cdk1 and advances entry into mitosis. Our results reinforce the notion that Che-1 plays an important role in DDR and that its contribution seems to be relevant for the spindle assembly checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sorino
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Identification of transcriptional and phosphatase regulators as interaction partners of human ADA3, a component of histone acetyltransferase complexes. Biochem J 2013; 450:311-20. [PMID: 23167988 DOI: 10.1042/bj20120452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ADA (alteration/deficiency in activation) 3 is a conserved component of several transcriptional adaptor and HAT (histone acetyltransferase) complexes that regulate RNA polymerase II-mediated gene expression. Within the HAT complexes ADA3 is associated with ADA2 and the HAT GCN5 (general control non-repressed 5). ADA3 plays roles in diverse cellular processes and also in malignancies by modulating GCN5 catalytic activity and/or by interactions with other regulators. To gain a better understanding of ADA3 function, we used a yeast two-hybrid approach to screen a human fetal cDNA library for proteins that interacted with hADA3 (human ADA3). We identified three novel hADA3-interacting partners, a transcriptional regulator, AATF (apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor), and regulatory subunits of the PP1 (protein phosphatase 1) and PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A) [PPP1R7 (PP1 regulatory subunit 7) and PPP2R5D (PP2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit δ isoform) respectively]. Analysis of truncated versions of hADA3 indicated that the C-terminal ADA2-interacting domain was not required for these interactions. Fluorescent microscopy analysis and co-immunoprecipitation provided support for the co-localization and interaction of hADA3 with these proteins in human cells. Expression of the interacting proteins altered expression of an hADA3-regulated reporter gene, suggesting functional consequences for the interactions. The detected interactions of hADA3 might extend the spectrum of mechanisms by which ADA3 can contribute to the regulation of gene expression and shed light on processes mediated by these newly identified ADA3 partners.
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A mosaic genetic screen for genes involved in the early steps of Drosophila oogenesis. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2013; 3:409-25. [PMID: 23450845 PMCID: PMC3583450 DOI: 10.1534/g3.112.004747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The first hours of Drosophila embryogenesis rely exclusively on maternal information stored within the egg during oogenesis. The formation of the egg chamber is thus a crucial step for the development of the future adult. It has emerged that many key developmental decisions are made during the very first stages of oogenesis. We performed a clonal genetic screen on the left arm of chromosome 2 for mutations affecting early oogenesis. During the first round of screening, we scored for defects in egg chambers morphology as an easy read-out of early abnormalities. In a second round of screening, we analyzed the localization of centrosomes and Orb protein within the oocyte, the position of the oocyte within the egg chamber, and the progression through meiosis. We have generated a collection of 71 EMS-induced mutants that affect oocyte determination, polarization, or localization. We also recovered mutants affecting the number of germline cyst divisions or the differentiation of follicle cells. Here, we describe the analysis of nine complementation groups and eight single alleles. We mapped several mutations and identified alleles of Bicaudal-D, lethal(2) giant larvae, kuzbanian, GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, tho2, and eiF4A. We further report the molecular identification of two alleles of the Drosophila homolog of Che-1/AATF and demonstrate its antiapoptotic activity in vivo. This collection of mutants will be useful to investigate further the early steps of Drosophila oogenesis at a genetic level.
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Onori A, Pisani C, Strimpakos G, Monaco L, Mattei E, Passananti C, Corbi N. UtroUp is a novel six zinc finger artificial transcription factor that recognises 18 base pairs of the utrophin promoter and efficiently drives utrophin upregulation. BMC Mol Biol 2013; 14:3. [PMID: 23363418 PMCID: PMC3576267 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-14-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common X-linked muscle degenerative disease and it is due to the absence of the cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Currently there is no effective treatment for DMD. Among the different strategies for achieving a functional recovery of the dystrophic muscle, the upregulation of the dystrophin-related gene utrophin is becoming more and more feasible. Results We have previously shown that the zinc finger-based artificial transcriptional factor “Jazz” corrects the dystrophic pathology in mdx mice by upregulating utrophin gene expression. Here we describe a novel artificial transcription factor, named “UtroUp”, engineered to further improve the DNA-binding specificity. UtroUp has been designed to recognise an extended DNA target sequence on both the human and mouse utrophin gene promoters. The UtroUp DNA-binding domain contains six zinc finger motifs in tandem, which is able to recognise an 18-base-pair DNA target sequence that statistically is present only once in the human genome. To achieve a higher transcriptional activation, we coupled the UtroUp DNA-binding domain with the innovative transcriptional activation domain, which was derived from the multivalent adaptor protein Che-1/AATF. We show that the artificial transcription factor UtroUp, due to its six zinc finger tandem motif, possesses a low dissociation constant that is consistent with a strong affinity/specificity toward its DNA-binding site. When expressed in mammalian cell lines, UtroUp promotes utrophin transcription and efficiently accesses active chromatin promoting accumulation of the acetylated form of histone H3 in the utrophin promoter locus. Conclusions This novel artificial molecule may represent an improved platform for the development of future applications in DMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Onori
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology CNR, Department of Molecular Medicine, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Ferraris SE, Isoniemi K, Torvaldson E, Anckar J, Westermarck J, Eriksson JE. Nucleolar AATF regulates c-Jun-mediated apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell 2012; 23:4323-32. [PMID: 22933572 PMCID: PMC3484108 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-05-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun is essential for stress-induced apoptosis in several models. The apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor is a novel nucleolar stress sensor, which is required as a cofactor for c-Jun–mediated apoptosis. The AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun has been shown to be essential for stress-induced apoptosis in several models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the proapoptotic activity of c-Jun are poorly understood. We identify the apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) as a novel nucleolar stress sensor, which is required as a cofactor for c-Jun–mediated apoptosis. Overexpression or down-regulation of AATF expression levels led to a respective increase or decrease in the amount of activated and phosphorylated c-Jun with a proportional alteration in the induction levels of the proapoptotic c-Jun target genes FasL and TNF-α. Accordingly, AATF promoted commitment of ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated cells to c-Jun-dependent apoptosis. Whereas AATF overexpression potentiated UV-induced apoptosis in wild-type cells, c-Jun–deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts were resistant to AATF-mediated apoptosis induction. Furthermore, AATF mutants defective in c-Jun binding were also defective in inducing AP-1 activity and c-Jun–mediated apoptosis. UV irradiation induced a translocation of AATF from the nucleolus to the nucleus, thereby enabling its physical association to c-Jun. Analysis of AATF deletion mutants revealed that the AATF domains required for compartmentalization, c-Jun binding, and enhancement of c-Jun transcriptional activity were all also required to induce c-Jun–dependent apoptosis. These results identify AATF as a nucleolar-confined c-Jun cofactor whose expression levels and spatial distribution determine the stress-induced activity of c-Jun and the levels of c-Jun–mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima E Ferraris
- Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland
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Irigoín F, Badano JL. Keeping the balance between proliferation and differentiation: the primary cilium. Curr Genomics 2012; 12:285-97. [PMID: 22131874 PMCID: PMC3131736 DOI: 10.2174/138920211795860134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are post-mitotic cellular organelles that are present in the vast majority of cell types in the human body. An extensive body of data gathered in recent years is demonstrating a crucial role for this organelle in a number of cellular processes that include mechano and chemo-sensation as well as the transduction of signaling cascades critical for the development and maintenance of different tissues and organs. Consequently, cilia are currently viewed as cellular antennae playing a critical role at the interphase between cells and their environment, integrating a range of stimuli to modulate cell fate decisions including cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Importantly, this regulatory role is not just a consequence of their participation in signal transduction but is also the outcome of both the tight synchronization/regulation of ciliogenesis with the cell cycle and the role of individual ciliary proteins in cilia-dependent and independent processes. Here we review the role of primary cilia in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation and illustrate how this knowledge has provided insight to understand the phenotypic consequences of ciliary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Irigoín
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Bacalini MG, Di Lonardo D, Catizone A, Ciccarone F, Bruno T, Zampieri M, Guastafierro T, Calabrese R, Fanciulli M, Passananti C, Caiafa P, Reale A. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation affects stabilization of Che-1 protein in response to DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2011; 10:380-9. [PMID: 21317046 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) catalyzes a post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in coordinating the signalling cascade in response to stress stimuli. During the DNA damage response, phosphorylation by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase and checkpoint kinase Chk2 induces the stabilization of Che-1 protein, which is critical for the maintenance of G2/M arrest. In this study we showed that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, beyond phosphorylation, is involved in the regulation of Che-1 stabilization following DNA damage. We demonstrated that Che-1 accumulation upon doxorubicin treatment is reduced after the inhibition of PARP activity in HCT116 cells and in PARP-1 knock-out or silenced cells. In accordance, impairment in Che-1 accumulation by PARP inhibition reduced Che-1 occupancy at p21 promoter and affected the expression of the corresponding gene. Epistasis experiments showed that the effect of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation on Che-1 stabilization is independent from ATM kinase activity. Indeed we demonstrated that Che-1 protein co-immunoprecipitates with ADP-ribose polymers and that PARP-1 directly interacts with Che-1, promoting its modification in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Bacalini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Corbi N, Batassa EM, Pisani C, Onori A, Di Certo MG, Strimpakos G, Fanciulli M, Mattei E, Passananti C. The eEF1γ subunit contacts RNA polymerase II and binds vimentin promoter region. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14481. [PMID: 21217813 PMCID: PMC3013090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that the eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 gamma (eEF1γ) physically interacts with the RNA polymerase II (pol II) core subunit 3 (RPB3), both in isolation and in the context of the holo-enzyme. Importantly, eEF1γ has been recently shown to bind Vimentin mRNA. By chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, we demonstrate, for the first time, that eEF1γ is also physically present on the genomic locus corresponding to the promoter region of human Vimentin gene. The eEF1γ depletion causes the Vimentin protein to be incorrectly compartmentalised and to severely compromise cellular shape and mitochondria localisation. We demonstrate that eEF1γ partially colocalises with the mitochondrial marker Tom20 and that eEF1γ depletion increases mitochondrial superoxide generation as well as the total levels of carbonylated proteins. Finally, we hypothesise that eEF1γ, in addition to its role in translation elongation complex, is involved in regulating Vimentin gene by contacting both pol II and the Vimentin promoter region and then shuttling/nursing the Vimentin mRNA from its gene locus to its appropriate cellular compartment for translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Corbi
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Batassa
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Pisani
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annalisa Onori
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- Istituto di Neurobiologia e Medicina Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), IRCCS Fondazione S. Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- Istituto di Neurobiologia e Medicina Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), IRCCS Fondazione S. Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Department of Therapeutic Programs Development, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- Istituto di Neurobiologia e Medicina Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), IRCCS Fondazione S. Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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42
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Bruno T, Desantis A, Bossi G, Di Agostino S, Sorino C, De Nicola F, Iezzi S, Franchitto A, Benassi B, Galanti S, La Rosa F, Floridi A, Bellacosa A, Passananti C, Blandino G, Fanciulli M. Che-1 promotes tumor cell survival by sustaining mutant p53 transcription and inhibiting DNA damage response activation. Cancer Cell 2010; 18:122-34. [PMID: 20708154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Che-1 is a RNA polymerase II binding protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription and, in response to DNA damage, promotes p53 transcription. In this study, we investigated whether Che-1 regulates mutant p53 expression. We found that Che-1 is required for sustaining mutant p53 expression in several cancer cell lines, and that Che-1 depletion by siRNA induces apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, loss of Che-1 activates DNA damage checkpoint response and induces transactivation of p73. Therefore, these findings underline the important role that Che-1 has in survival of cells expressing mutant p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- Department of Therapeutic Programs Development, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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43
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Haanpää M, Reiman M, Nikkilä J, Erkko H, Pylkäs K, Winqvist R. Mutation analysis of the AATF gene in breast cancer families. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:457. [PMID: 20025740 PMCID: PMC2806411 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 5-10% of breast cancer is due to inherited disease predisposition. Many previously identified susceptibility factors are involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity. AATF plays an important role in the regulation of gene transcription and cell proliferation. It induces apoptosis by associating with p53. The checkpoint kinases ATM/ATR and CHEK2 interact with and phosphorylate AATF, enhancing its accumulation and stability. Based on its biological function, and direct interaction with several known breast cancer risk factors, AATF is a good candidate gene for being involved in heritable cancer susceptibility. Methods Here we have screened the entire coding region of AATF in affected index cases from 121 Finnish cancer families for germline defects, using conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. Results Altogether seven different sequence changes were observed, one missense variant and six intronic ones. Based on the in silico analyses of these sequence alterations, as well as their occurrence in cases and controls, none of them, however, were predicted to be pathogenic. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the mutation screening of the AATF gene in familial breast cancer cases. No evidence for the association with breast cancer was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Haanpää
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, P,O, Box 22, FIN-90221 Oulu, Finland.
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44
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Okoshi R, Ando K, Suenaga Y, Sang M, Kubo N, Kizaki H, Nakagawara A, Ozaki T. Transcriptional regulation of tumor suppressor p53 by cAMP-responsive element-binding protein/AMP-activated protein kinase complex in response to glucose deprivation. Genes Cells 2009; 14:1429-40. [PMID: 19930465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell fate determination in response to a variety of cellular stress including carbon source depletion. In this study, we found that cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) collaborates with AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKalpha) to regulate the transcription of p53. Luciferase reporter assays showed that the genomic fragment spanning from -531 to -239 of human p53 gene is required for the transactivation of p53 in response to glucose deprivation. Within this region, we found out a putative CREB-binding site. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CREB resulted in a significant inhibition of the up-regulation of p53 and apoptosis under glucose deprivation. Consistent with these observations, glucose deprivation induced the transcription of p53 and CREB. Additionally, glucose deprivation led to an efficient recruitment of CREB onto the promoter region of p53 gene carrying the canonical CREB-binding site, indicating that CREB has an ability to bind to the promoter region of p53 gene and transactivate p53. Furthermore, the amounts of CREB/phospo-AMPKalpha complex increased in response to glucose deprivation. Taken together, our present findings suggest that p53 is transcriptionally regulated by CREB/phospho-AMPKalpha complex and thereby contributing to the induction of apoptosis under carbon source depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Okoshi
- Division of Biochemistry, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
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45
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Ishigaki S, Fonseca SG, Oslowski CM, Jurczyk A, Shearstone JR, Zhu LJ, Permutt MA, Greiner DL, Bortell R, Urano F. AATF mediates an antiapoptotic effect of the unfolded protein response through transcriptional regulation of AKT1. Cell Death Differ 2009; 17:774-86. [PMID: 19911006 PMCID: PMC2854298 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated cell death plays an important
role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases including diabetes and
neurodegeneration. Although pro-apoptotic programs activated by ER stress have
been extensively studied, identification and characterization of anti-apoptotic
programs that counteract ER stress is currently incomplete. Through the gene
expression profiling of β-cells lacking WFS1, a causative gene for
Wolfram syndrome, we have discovered a novel anti-apoptotic gene of the unfolded
protein response (UPR), apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF). Here
we study the regulation of AATF, identify its target genes, and determine the
basis for its anti-apoptotic activities in response to ER stress. We show that
AATF is induced by ER stress through the PERK-eIF2α pathway and
transcriptionally activates the Akt1 gene through Stat3, which sustains Akt1
activation and promotes cell survival. Ectopic expression of AATF or a
constitutively active form of AKT1 confers on cells resistance to ER
stress-mediated cell death, whereas RNAi-mediated knockdown of AATF or AKT1
renders cells sensitive to ER stress. We also discovered positive crosstalk
between the AATF and WFS1 signaling pathways. Thus, WFS1-deficiency or
AATF-deficiency mediates a self-perpetuating cycle of cell death. Our results
reveal a novel anti-apoptotic program relevant to treatment for diseases caused
by ER stress-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishigaki
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605-2324, USA.
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46
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Campbell JM, Lockwood WW, Buys TPH, Chari R, Coe BP, Lam S, Lam WL. Integrative genomic and gene expression analysis of chromosome 7 identified novel oncogene loci in non-small cell lung cancer. Genome 2009; 51:1032-9. [PMID: 19088816 DOI: 10.1139/g08-086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer accounts for over a quarter of cancer deaths, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 80% of cases. Several genome studies have been undertaken in both cell models of NSCLC and clinical samples to identify alterations underlying disease behaviour, and many have identified recurring aberrations of chromosome 7. The presence of recurring chromosome 7 alterations that do not span the well-studied oncogenes EGFR (at 7p11.2) and MET (at 7q31.2) has raised the hypothesis of additional genes on this chromosome that contribute to tumourigenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that multiple loci on chromosome 7 are indeed amplified in NSCLC, and through integrative analysis of gene dosage alterations and parallel gene expression changes, we identified new lung cancer oncogene candidates, including FTSJ2, NUDT1, TAF6, and POLR2J. Activation of these key genes was confirmed in panels of clinical lung tumour tissue as compared with matched normal lung tissue. The detection of gene activation in multiple cohorts of samples strongly supports the presence of key genes involved in lung cancer that are distinct from the EGFR and MET loci on chromosome 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Campbell
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Developmental Biology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z1L3 Canada
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47
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Desantis A, Onori A, Di Certo MG, Mattei E, Fanciulli M, Passananti C, Corbi N. Novel activation domain derived from Che-1 cofactor coupled with the artificial protein Jazz drives utrophin upregulation. Neuromuscul Disord 2009; 19:158-62. [PMID: 19162479 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Revised: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Our aim is to upregulate the expression level of the dystrophin related gene utrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, thus complementing the lack of dystrophin functions. To this end, we have engineered synthetic zinc finger based transcription factors. We have previously shown that the artificial three-zinc finger protein named Jazz fused with the Vp16 activation domain, is able to bind utrophin promoter A and to increase the endogenous level of utrophin in transgenic mice. Here, we report on an innovative artificial protein, named CJ7, that consists of Jazz DNA binding domain fused to a novel activation domain derived from the regulatory multivalent adaptor protein Che-1/AATF. This transcriptional activation domain is 100 amino acids in size and it is very powerful as compared to the Vp16 activation domain. We show that CJ7 protein efficiently promotes transcription and accumulation of the acetylated form of histone H3 on the genomic utrophin promoter locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Desantis
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, CNR, c/o Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Via delle Messi d'Oro 156, 00158 Rome, Italy
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48
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Che-1 enhances cyclin-dependent kinase 5 expression and interacts with the active kinase-complex. Neuroreport 2008; 19:531-5. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e3282f85c1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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49
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Passananti C, Floridi A, Fanciulli M. Che-1/AATF, a multivalent adaptor connecting transcriptional regulation, checkpoint control, and apoptosis. Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 85:477-83. [PMID: 17713582 DOI: 10.1139/o07-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Che-1/AATF (Che-1) was originally characterized as an interacting protein for RNA polymerase II. In addition to transcriptional regulation, the evidence suggests that Che-1 has a viral factor-like S phase promoting role in counteracting Rb repression to facilitate E2F-dependent transactivation during G1-S transition. Recently, Che-1 was found to play an important role in the DNA damage response and cell-cycle checkpoint control. Genetic studies in mice revealed that Che-1 is essential for preimplantation development and the establishment of embryonic gene expression. Importantly, several findings showed that Che-1 participates in inhibiting apoptotic process. Thus, Che-1 emerges as an important adaptor that connects transcriptional regulation, cell-cycle progression, checkpoint control, and apoptosis.
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50
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Leister P, Felten A, Chasan AI, Scheidtmann KH. ZIP kinase plays a crucial role in androgen receptor-mediated transcription. Oncogene 2007; 27:3292-300. [PMID: 18084323 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the development and homeostasis of the prostate and in prostate cancer. The transcriptional activity of AR is mediated by interaction with multiple co-activators, which serve in chromatin modification or remodeling, or provide a link between specific and general transcription factors. We have identified zipper interacting protein (ZIP) kinase as a novel transcriptional co-activator of the AR. ZIP kinase enhanced expression of AR-responsive promotor/luciferase reporter constructs in a hormone- and kinase-dependent manner. Similar results were obtained for glucocorticoid receptor but not for progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor. Following hormone treatment, AR and ZIP kinase formed physical complexes and associated with the promoter and enhancer of the prostate-specific antigen gene, as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Strikingly, depletion of ZIP kinase by siRNA led to significant reduction of AR-mediated transactivation. The interaction of ZIP kinase with AR seems to be mediated in part by apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor and in part by direct binding. Interestingly, AR was not phosphorylated by ZIP kinase in vitro, suggesting that it phosphorylates other co-activators or chromatin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Leister
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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