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Lin W, Lin ME. Novel anthropometric measures are positively associated with erectile dysfunction: a cross-sectional study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:855-865. [PMID: 37843775 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, a growing number of research studies have shown a positive association between obesity and erectile dysfunction, while traditional anthropometric measures, such as BMI, have limited ability to assess the risk of erectile dysfunction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the new anthropometric index and erectile dysfunction. METHODS A study involving 3594 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted. The study calculated various anthropometric indices such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), conicity index (CI), and body roundness index (BRI). The relationship between anthropometric indices and erectile dysfunction (ED) was investigated using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Interaction analysis was conducted on subgroups to confirm the findings. Additionally, the efficacy of various anthropometric indicators in predicting the risk of erectile dysfunction was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we identified a positive and independent correlation between erectile dysfunction (ED) and all other anthropometric measures except for BMI. Additionally, the risk of ED increased by 49% and 42% for each standard deviation increment in ABSI and CI, respectively. Dose-response curve analysis demonstrated that WC, BMI, WtHR, and CI displayed a non-linear correlation with the risk of ED. The subgroup analysis revealed that individuals classified as White, who had higher levels of WC, ABSI, and CI, were more susceptible to erectile dysfunction compared to people from other races. ROC analysis showed that ABSI was superior in detecting erectile dysfunction (area under the curve: 0.750; 95% CI 0.732-0.768; optimal cutoff value: 0.083) as compared to other indices. The combination of obesity defined by BMI and other anthropometric measures showed that higher ABSI and CI levels were positively associated with the prevalence of erectile dysfunction, independent of BMI (P < .001). CONCLUSION In this study, anthropometric indicators including ABSI, BRI, WtHR, CI, and WC were positively associated with erectile dysfunction. To improve the prevention and treatment of this condition, it is recommended that new anthropometric indicators receive greater consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Ming-En Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China.
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Ippolito A, Mulier J, Hahn M, Wenzel M, Mandel P, Flinspach AN, Wenger KJ. Moderate Intra-Abdominal Pressure Levels in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Seem to Have No Negative Impact on Clinical Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1202. [PMID: 38592056 PMCID: PMC10932126 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Radical prostatectomy is increasingly performed laparoscopically with robot assistance (RALRP). RALRP, as with all laparoscopic procedures, requires a pneumoperitoneum, which might result in peritoneal inflammatory response reactions and postoperative pain. The aim of this retrospective single-centre study was to analyse the effects of a pneumoperitoneum during RARLP on clinical outcomes. Methods: All patients who underwent robot-guided prostatectomy in our clinic were included, with the exception of patients who were converted to open prostatectomy. C-reactive protein was used as a marker for the primary outcome, namely the postoperative inflammatory response. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was evaluated as a potential factor influencing inflammation. In addition, the waist-hip ratio was used to estimate the amount of visceral adipose tissue, and the administration of dexamethasone was considered as a factor influencing inflammation. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to determine postoperative pain. Patients were consecutively recruited between 1 September 2020 and 31 March 2022. Results: A total of 135 consecutive patients were included. The median waist-hip ratio was 0.55. The median duration of the pneumoperitoneum was 143 min. The median values of the average and maximum IAP values were 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg, respectively. The mean CRP of the first postoperative day was 6.2 mg/dL. The median VAS pain level decreased from 2 to 1 from the first to the third postoperative day. On the first postoperative day, 16 patients complained of shoulder pain. In addition, 134 patients were given some form of opioid pain treatment following surgery. Conclusion: We could not identify any relevant associations between the duration and IAP of the pneumoperitoneum and the indirect markers of inflammation or indicators of pain, or between the latter and the amount of visceral adipose tissue. In addition, we found no significant effect of the administration of dexamethasone on postoperative inflammation. The results point to a noninferior tolerability of moderate pressure during the procedure compared to the commonly utilised higher pressure, yet this must be confirmed in randomised controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ippolito
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Mulier
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Reanimation, AZ Sint Jan Brugge, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology, UGhent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marta Hahn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mike Wenzel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philipp Mandel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Armin N. Flinspach
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina J. Wenger
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Tomasello L, Pitrone M, Guarnotta V, Giordano C, Pizzolanti G. Irisin: A Possible Marker of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12082. [PMID: 37569456 PMCID: PMC10419191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) secretes pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines involved in AT homeostasis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and irisin. The functionality of AT is based on a regulated equilibrium between adipogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. We investigated the contributions of adipose progenitors (ASCs) and adipocytes (AMCs) to TNFα-induced ECM remodeling and a possible implication of irisin in AT impairment in obesity. ASCs and AMCs were exposed to TNFα treatment and nuclear factor-kappa (NF-kB) pathway was investigated: Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), Twist Family Transcription Factor 1 (TWIST-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) expression levels were analyzed. The proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9 was analyzed by zymography, and the irisin protein content was measured by ELISA. In inflamed AMCs, a TIMP-1/TWIST-1 imbalance leads to a drop in PPARγ. Adipogenesis and lipid storage ability impairment come with local tissue remodeling due to MMP-9 overactivation. In vitro and ex vivo measurements confirm positive correlations among inflammation, adipose secreting irisin levels, and circulating irisin levels in patients with visceral obesity. Our findings identify the NF-kB downstream effectors as molecular initiators of AT dysfunction and suggest irisin as a possible AT damage and obesity predictive factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tomasello
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Pitrone
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Valentina Guarnotta
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN Center—Advanced Technologies Network Center, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN Center—Advanced Technologies Network Center, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Granados A, Chan CL, Moheet A, Vigers T, Arbeláez AM, Larson Ode K. The impact of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on body composition in a small cohort of youth with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:1805-1811. [PMID: 36929859 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) on body composition in people with CF (pwCF) are unknown. METHODS Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry fat-free mass and fat mass adjusted for height (FMI) as well as oral glucose tolerance test derived measures of insulin secretion and sensitivity were compared before and after ETI initiation in eight pwCF. RESULTS Patients median age: 22 years interquartile range (IQR: 16-28), 87.5% male, median time on ETI:11 months. Weight z-score increased from -0.52 to 0.18 (p = 0.014); FMI increased from 4.12 to 6.29 (p = 0.014). Insulin secretion (C pep iAUC/Gluc iAUC) increased from 8.71 to 14.21 (p = 0.021), insulin resistance (HOMA2 IR) increased from 0.73 to 1.25 (p = 0.014) and insulin sensitivity decreased (Matsuda) 8.88 to 5.58 (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS ETI resulted in increased weight and fat mass. BMI and muscle mass did not change. Both insulin secretion and insulin resistance increased. Longer-term metabolic consequences of ETI need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Granados
- Department of Pediatrics, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Christine L Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amir Moheet
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy Vigers
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ana María Arbeláez
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Katie Larson Ode
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Noh DJ, Yoon GA. Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) ethanol extract attenuates lipid metabolic disturbance and adipokine imbalance in high-fat fed rats. Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:716-728. [PMID: 36467763 PMCID: PMC9702542 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.6.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES An imbalanced adipokine profile in obesity increases the susceptibility to obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The mulberry plant has been reported to have health benefits, such as hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects. This study examined the effects of a mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruit ethanol extract (MBEE) on dyslipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipokine imbalance in response to a high-fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of 4 groups containing 6 rats each and fed either a control diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat diet with MBEE of 150 mg/kg/day (LMB) or 300 mg/kg/day (HMB). The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were measured spectrophotometrically. The leptin, adiponectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The plasma TG levels were similar in the 4 groups. Plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and TC/HDL-C ratio increased in the HFD group compared with the CON group, whereas those values decreased in the LMB group (P < 0.05), indicating that MBEE had a plasma lipid-lowering effect. HDL-C decreased in the HFD group, but MBEE did not affect the HDL-C level. The HFD rats significantly increased hepatic TG and cholesterol levels and plasma ALT and AST activities compared to the CON group. The hepatic TG level and ALT and AST activities were reduced markedly by the MBEE treatment. The HFD group showed a higher PAI-1 level, whereas MBEE treatment, especially in the HMB group, significantly reduced leptin level, and leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/adiponectin ratios. These findings suggest that MBEE altered the imbalance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines to a more anti-inflammatory state. CONCLUSIONS MBEE could protect against abnormal lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet, lowering plasma cholesterol, LDL-C and TC/HDL-C, and hepatic TG. These findings are associated with the regulating effect of MBEE on the leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/adiponectin ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-jung Noh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Nursing, Healthcare Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Gun-Ae Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Nursing, Healthcare Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea
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Jayedi A, Khan TA, Aune D, Emadi A, Shab-Bidar S. Body fat and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1573-1581. [PMID: 35717418 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the relationships between body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI) and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with risk of all-cause mortality. METHODS We did a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to June 2021. We selected prospective cohorts of the relationship between body fat with risk of all-cause mortality in the general population. We applied random-effects models to calculate the relative risks (RRs) and 95%CIs. RESULTS A total of 35 prospective cohort studies with 923,295 participants and 68,389 deaths were identified. The HRs of all-cause mortality for a 10% increment in BF were 1.11 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.20; I2 = 93%, n = 11) in the general adult populations, and 0.92 (95%CI: 0.79, 1.06; I2 = 76%, n = 7) in adults older than 60 years. The HRs were 1.06 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.12; I2 = 86%, n = 10) for a 5 kg increment in FM, 1.11 (95%CI: 1.06, 1.16; I2 = 79%, n = 7) for a 2 kg/m2 increment in FMI, and 1.17 (95%CI: 1.03, 1.33; I2 = 72%, n = 8) and 0.81 (0.66, 0.99; I2 = 59%, n = 6) for a 1-SD increment in VAT and SAT, respectively. There was a J shaped association between BF% and FM and all-cause mortality risk, with the lowest risk at BF% of 25% and FM of 20 kg. In subgroup analyses, although there was little evidence of between-subgroup heterogeneity, the observed positive associations were more pronounced in studies which had a longer duration, excluded participants with prevalent cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline, with adjustment for smoking or restricted to never smokers, and less pronounced in studies which adjusted for potential intermediates, suggesting an impact of reverse causation, confounding and over-adjustment in some of the studies. CONCLUSIONS Higher body fat content was related to a higher risk of mortality in a J shaped manner. Any future studies should further assess the impact of reverse causation and residual confounding on these associations. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42021240743).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tauseef Ahmad Khan
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis & Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alireza Emadi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abraham T, Romani AMP. The Relationship between Obesity and Pre-Eclampsia: Incidental Risks and Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Pre-Eclampsia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091548. [PMID: 35563854 PMCID: PMC9101603 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been steadily increasing over the past decade in the US and worldwide. Since 1975, the prevalence of obesity has increased by 2% per decade, unabated despite new and more stringent guidelines set by WHO, CDC, and other public health organizations. Likewise, maternal obesity has also increased worldwide over the past several years. In the United States, pre-pregnancy rates have increased proportionally across all racial groups. Obesity during pregnancy has been directly linked to obstetric complications including gestational diabetes, HTN, hematomas, pre-eclampsia, and congenital defects. In the particular case of pre-eclampsia, the incidence rate across the globe is 2.16%, but the condition accounts for 30% of maternal deaths, and a robust body of evidence underscored the relationship between obesity and pre-eclampsia. More recently, attention has focused on the identification of reliable biomarkers predictive of an elevated risk for pre-eclampsia. The aim of this literature review is to elucidate the relationship between obesity and these predictive biomarkers for future prediction and prevention of pre-eclampsia condition in women at risk.
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Jiang X, Lu X, Cai M, Liu Y, Guo Y. Impact of dyslipidemia on the cumulative pregnancy outcomes after first ovarian stimulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915424. [PMID: 36017313 PMCID: PMC9395644 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) according to lipid metabolism in patients with or without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing their first complete in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles. PATIENTS A total of 1,470 patients with PCOS and 3,232 patients without PCOS who underwent their first complete IVF/ICSI cycles from January 2016 to June 2018 were included. During a minimum of 2 years of follow-up, they had achieved at least one live birth or used all available embryos. The cumulative pregnancy outcomes were compared based on the patients' blood lipid parameters, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), in the two populations. Patients with an abnormal level of one or more of these four indicators were considered the dyslipidemia group. Patients whose four indicators were normal were considered the control group. RESULTS Among 1,470 patients with PCOS, the cumulative pregnancy outcomes were similar in the dyslipidemia group and control group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the TC levels were significantly negatively associated with the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) after adjustment for confounding factors such as age and BMI (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.98, P<0.05). Among the 3,232 patients without PCOS, there was no significant difference in the cumulative pregnancy outcomes between the dyslipidemia group and the control group. No significant correlations were found in other logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS TC negatively impacts the CLBR after first ovarian stimulation in PCOS patients. PCOS patients with dyslipidemia caused by elevated TC may have a poor CLBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinle Lu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Cai
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yihong Guo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yihong Guo,
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Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism (rs17300539) Has No Influence on the Occurrence of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121902. [PMID: 34946852 PMCID: PMC8701950 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (rs17300539) is implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS), a common comorbidity of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to analyze the association between adiponectin gene polymorphism and incidence of MS in patients with PCOS. The study included 201 women (age 18 to 35 years), among them 81 patients with PCOS without concomitant MS, 70 subjects with PCOS and concomitant, and 50 regularly menstruating controls. Adiponectin gene polymorphism (11391 G/A, rs17300539) was determined by means of a real-time PCR. The study groups did not differ significantly in terms of their age and frequencies of various genotypes of the adiponectin gene polymorphism. The largest proportion in the whole group was Caucasian women (n = 178, 88.56%), who carried the GG genotype of the polymorphism; frequencies of GA and AA genotypes in the whole study group were 10.94% (n = 22) and 0.5% (n = 1), respectively. The presence of G or A allele of the rs17300539 adiponectin gene polymorphism was not associated with a greater likelihood of PCOS with/without concomitant MS. The hereby presented findings imply that MS is a common comorbidity in women with PCOS. However, the incidence of concomitant MS does not seem to be associated with adiponectin gene polymorphism.
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Pádua ECR, Daher S, Sampaio IDPC, Araujo Júnior E, Guazzelli CF. Evaluation of the Blood Level of Adiponectin in Pregnant Adolescents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2021; 43:429-435. [PMID: 34077989 PMCID: PMC10411129 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate serum levels of adiponectin in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation. METHOD A prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 67 normal pregnant women between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and eutrophic (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5-25 kg/m2), of which 36 were adolescents (< 20 years old) and 31 adults (≥ 20 years old). Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The t-student or Mann-Whitney tests were used for intergroup comparison. RESULTS Pregnant adolescents showed significantly higher serum adiponectin concentrations compared with pregnant adults (p = 0.04). No differences were observed in adiponectin levels in younger pregnant adolescents (< 16 years old) compared with older pregnant adolescents (≥ 16 years old). Adiponectin values were divided into 3 subgroups: < 3,000 ng/mL, between 3,000 and 5,000 ng/mL, and > 5,000 ng/mL. Birthweight was significantly higher in women > 5,000 ng/mL when compared with < 3,000 ng/mL in the adolescent group. No association between pregestational adiponectin levels and BMI, gestational weight gain, and gestational age was observed; however, there was a positive relation with birthweight (p = 0.0239). CONCLUSION Serum adiponectin values in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation were higher compared with pregnant adults; however, no differences between younger and older pregnant adolescents were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Cristina Rocha Pádua
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Daher
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Isa de Pádua Cintra Sampaio
- Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Falbo Guazzelli
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Kábelová A, Malínská H, Marková I, Oliyarnyk O, Chylíková B, Šeda O. Ellagic Acid Affects Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiles and Attenuates Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Male Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030804. [PMID: 33671116 PMCID: PMC8001306 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid, a natural substance found in various fruits and nuts, was previously shown to exhibit beneficial effects towards metabolic syndrome. In this study, using a genetic rat model of metabolic syndrome, we aimed to further specify metabolic and transcriptomic responses to ellagic acid treatment. Adult male rats of the SHR-Zbtb16Lx/k.o. strain were fed a high-fat diet accompanied by daily intragastric gavage of ellagic acid (50 mg/kg body weight; high-fat diet–ellagic acid (HFD-EA) rats) or vehicle only (high-fat diet–control (HFD-CTL) rats). Morphometric and metabolic parameters, along with transcriptomic profile of liver and brown and epididymal adipose tissues, were assessed. HFD-EA rats showed higher relative weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and decreased weight of epididymal adipose tissue, although no change in total body weight was observed. Glucose area under the curve, serum insulin, and cholesterol levels, as well as the level of oxidative stress, were significantly lower in HFD-EA rats. The most differentially expressed transcripts reflecting the shift induced by ellagic acid were detected in BAT, showing downregulation of BAT activation markers Dio2 and Nr4a1 and upregulation of insulin-sensitizing gene Pla2g2a. Ellagic acid may provide a useful nutritional supplement to ameliorate features of metabolic syndrome, possibly by suppressing oxidative stress and its effects on brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Kábelová
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, The First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and The General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (B.C.)
| | - Hana Malínská
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.M.); (I.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Irena Marková
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.M.); (I.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Olena Oliyarnyk
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.M.); (I.M.); (O.O.)
| | - Blanka Chylíková
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, The First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and The General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (B.C.)
| | - Ondřej Šeda
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, The First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and The General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-224-968-180
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12
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Petrosino JM, Longenecker JZ, Ramkumar S, Xu X, Dorn LE, Bratasz A, Yu L, Maurya S, Tolstikov V, Bussberg V, Janssen PM, Periasamy M, Kiebish MA, Duester G, von Lintig J, Ziouzenkova O, Accornero F. Paracardial fat remodeling affects systemic metabolism through alcohol dehydrogenase 1. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141799. [PMID: 33586683 PMCID: PMC7880313 DOI: 10.1172/jci141799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between adiposity and metabolic health is well established. However, very little is known about the fat depot, known as paracardial fat (pCF), located superior to and surrounding the heart. Here, we show that pCF remodels with aging and a high-fat diet and that the size and function of this depot are controlled by alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), an enzyme that oxidizes retinol into retinaldehyde. Elderly individuals and individuals with obesity have low ADH1 expression in pCF, and in mice, genetic ablation of Adh1 is sufficient to drive pCF accumulation, dysfunction, and global impairments in metabolic flexibility. Metabolomics analysis revealed that pCF controlled the levels of circulating metabolites affecting fatty acid biosynthesis. Also, surgical removal of the pCF depot was sufficient to rescue the impairments in cardiometabolic flexibility and fitness observed in Adh1-deficient mice. Furthermore, treatment with retinaldehyde prevented pCF remodeling in these animals. Mechanistically, we found that the ADH1/retinaldehyde pathway works by driving PGC-1α nuclear translocation and promoting mitochondrial fusion and biogenesis in the pCF depot. Together, these data demonstrate that pCF is a critical regulator of cardiometabolic fitness and that retinaldehyde and its generating enzyme ADH1 act as critical regulators of adipocyte remodeling in the pCF depot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Petrosino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob Z. Longenecker
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Xianyao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Lisa E. Dorn
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Santosh Maurya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Valerie Bussberg
- BERG, Precision Medicine Department, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul M.L. Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Gregg Duester
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ouliana Ziouzenkova
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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13
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Therapeutic Applications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Drug Metformin in Patients with Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020152. [PMID: 33668426 PMCID: PMC7918864 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common chronic diseases that frequently co-exist. The link between OA and T2DM is attributed to common risk factors, including age and obesity. Several reports suggest that hyperglycemia and accumulated advanced glycosylation end-products might regulate cartilage homeostasis and contribute to the development and progression of OA. Metformin is used widely as the first-line treatment for T2DM. The drug acts by regulating glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity. The anti-diabetic effects of metformin are mediated mainly via activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is an energy sensing enzyme activated directly by an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio under conditions of metabolic stress. Dysregulation of AMPK is strongly associated with development of T2DM and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we discuss common risk factors, the association between OA and T2DM, and the role of AMPK. We also address the adaptive use of metformin, a known AMPK activator, as a new drug for treatment of patients with OA and T2DM.
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Liu S, Cao D, Ren Z, Li J, Peng L, Zhang Q, Cheng B, Cheng Z, Ai J, Zheng X, Liu L, Wei Q. The relationships between bariatric surgery and sexual function: current evidence based medicine. BMC Urol 2020; 20:150. [PMID: 33008406 PMCID: PMC7532646 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Controversy remains despite several studies have discussed the role of bariatric surgery in improving male’s sexual function. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of bariatric surgery in promoting male’s erectile function. Methods PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and Clinical Trails.gov were searched from database inception to May 2019. The language of publication was limited in English. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score and Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory (BSFI) score were set as the primary outcome. Results Eleven studies with a total of 370 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results showed significant improvement in the IIEF score (erectile function: MD = 5.33, 95% CI 4.12–6.54; intercourse satisfaction: MD = 2.57, 95% CI 1.19–3.94; orgasmic function: MD = 0.50, 95%CI 0.60–0.94; overall satisfaction: MD = 1.67, 95% CI 0.78–2.56; sexual desire: MD = 1.27, 95% CI 0.61–1.93; total erectile function: MD = 7.21, 95% CI 4.33–10.10) and the BSFI score (erection: MD =2.53, 95% CI 2.39–2.67; ejaculation: MD = 1.40, 95% CI 1.28–1.51; desire: MD =1.40, 95% CI 1.32–1.49; problem assessment: MD = 2.20, 95% CI 2.06–2.34; sexual satisfaction: MD = 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.76) in obese individuals after bariatric surgery. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that bariatric surgery could be effective in promoting males’s sexual function for obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengju Ren
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinze Li
- DepartmentofUrology, Nanchong CentralHospital, The Second ClinicalMedical College, NorthSichuanMedicalCollege (University), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Peng
- DepartmentofUrology, Nanchong CentralHospital, The Second ClinicalMedical College, NorthSichuanMedicalCollege (University), Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheyu Cheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaonan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Hsu CY, Lin RH, Lin YC, Chen JY, Li WC, Lee LA, Liu KH, Chuang HH. Are Body Composition Parameters Better than Conventional Anthropometric Measures in Predicting Pediatric Hypertension? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5771. [PMID: 32785000 PMCID: PMC7460262 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Body composition (BC) parameters are associated with cardiometabolic diseases in children; however, the importance of BC parameters for predicting pediatric hypertension is inconclusive. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the difference in predictive values of BC parameters and conventional anthropometric measures for pediatric hypertension in school-aged children. A total of 340 children (177 girls and 163 boys) with a mean age of 8.8 ± 1.7 years and mean body mass index (BMI) z-score of 0.50 ± 1.24 were enrolled (102 hypertensive children and 238 normotensive children). Significantly higher values of anthropometric measures (BMI, BMI z-score, BMI percentile, waist-to-height ratio) and BC parameters (body-fat percentage, muscle weight, fat mass, fat-free mass) were observed among the hypertensive subgroup compared to their normotensive counterparts. A prediction model combining fat mass ≥ 3.65 kg and fat-free mass ≥ 34.65 kg (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.688; sensitivity = 66.7%; specificity = 89.9%) performed better than BMI alone (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.649; sensitivity = 55.9%; specificity = 73.9%) in predicting hypertension. In conclusion, BC parameters are better than anthropometric measures in predicting pediatric hypertension. BC measuring is a reasonable approach for risk stratification in pediatric hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Rong-Ho Lin
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (L.-A.L.)
- Department of Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gang Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Yuan Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.C.); (W.-C.L.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (L.-A.L.)
| | - Wen-Cheng Li
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.C.); (W.-C.L.)
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (L.-A.L.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Hai-Hua Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taipei Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (J.-Y.C.); (W.-C.L.)
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.); (L.-A.L.)
- Obesity Institute & Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17837, USA
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16
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Abstract
The term "adipose tissue" represents a multicellular and multifunctional organ involved in lipid storage, in hormone and temperature regulation, and in the protection of bones and vital organs from impact-based damage. Emerging evidence now suggests a more malignant role of adipose tissue in promoting cancer onset and progression via the release of secreted factors such as interleukin-6 (IL6) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). These adipose-source factors subsequently affect various aspects of tumorigenesis and/or cancer progression by either directly enhancing the tumor cell oncogenic phenotype or indirectly by the stimulating adjacent normal cells to adopt a more pro-cancer phenotype. Due to the recent growing interest in the role of IL6 and EVs released by adipose tissue in cancer promotion and progression, we are focusing on the protumorigenic impact of fat tissue via IL6 and EV secretion.
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17
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Fan M, Choi YJ, Tang Y, Bae SM, Yang HP, Kim EK. Efficacy and Mechanism of Polymerized Anthocyanin from Grape-Skin Extract on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112586. [PMID: 31717842 PMCID: PMC6893447 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic potential of polymerized anthocyanin (PA) on a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model in mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to establish the NAFLD mouse model and randomly divided into four groups: control diet (con), NAFLD mice treated with saline (NAFLD), NAFLD mice treated with PA (PA), and NAFLD mice treated with orlistat (Orlistat) for four weeks. Mice were euthanized at the end of the four weeks. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were estimated, and pathological changes in the liver, white adipose tissue, and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism were evaluated. Results revealed that the body, liver, and white fat weight of the NAFLD group was significantly increased compared to that of the con group, while that of the PA group showed significant reduction. NAFLD led to an increase in blood lipids in mice (except for HDL). Conversely, PA effectively reduced TC and LDL-C. Compared to the control group, the degree of steatosis in the mice of PA group was decreased. Moreover, PA also regulated the NAFLD signaling pathway. In agreement with improved lipid deposition, PA supplementation inhibited the activation of inflammatory pathways, depressing oxidative stress through increased antioxidant levels, and increasing β-oxidation to inhibit mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PA can improve the liver function of NAFLD mice, regulating blood lipids, reducing liver-fat accumulation, and regulating lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Fan
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (M.F.); (Y.-J.C.); ; (Y.T.)
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (M.F.); (Y.-J.C.); ; (Y.T.)
| | - Yujiao Tang
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (M.F.); (Y.-J.C.); ; (Y.T.)
- Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130-600, China
| | - Sung Mun Bae
- Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea;
| | - Hyun Pil Yang
- Technical R and D Center, Kitto Life Co., Ltd., Pyeongtacek 17749, Korea;
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (M.F.); (Y.-J.C.); ; (Y.T.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Singh A, Fernandes JRD, Chhabra G, Krishna A, Banerjee A. Liraglutide modulates adipokine expression during adipogenesis, ameliorating obesity, and polycystic ovary syndrome in mice. Endocrine 2019; 64:349-366. [PMID: 30904998 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of obesity is increasing among all age groups throughout the world and it is highly associated with numerous other metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) etc. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using in vitro and in vivo approach, this study investigated the adipokine profile after liraglutide on differentiated murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Effect of liraglutide on DHEA-induced PCOS mice were investigated. This study showed Liraglutide treatment resulted in up-regulation of adiponectin and IL-6 along with down-regulation of ICAM 1 in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Liraglutide in absence of other differentiating factors, significantly increased glucose, lipid uptake and PPARγ, C/EBPα expression in the adipocytes suggesting its ability to solely promote pre-adipocyte differentiation into mature adipocyte. Liraglutide treatment showed increased adiponectin expression and decreased number of cystic follicles, body weight, circulating glucose, triglyceride and testosterone levels in comparison to the PCOS induced mice. CONCLUSION This study suggests that adiponectin may act as a link between metabolic disorders and PCOS and that liraglutide might be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of PCOS in addition to obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Singh
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Joseph R D Fernandes
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amitabh Krishna
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
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20
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Ferraro KF, Morton PM. What Do We Mean by Accumulation? Advancing Conceptual Precision for a Core Idea in Gerontology. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 73:269-278. [PMID: 26883805 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbv094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the concept of accumulation has gained prominence in research on aging, health, and social stratification. Accumulation is now studied in multiple disciplines, revealing that cumulative processes are crucial to understanding patterns of differentiation over the life course. Although this research has demonstrated the empirical value of studying accumulation, the concept has taken on different and sometimes inconsistent meanings. To address these inconsistencies, we propose an interdisciplinary conceptual framework of accumulation that focuses on objects, timing, thresholds, de-accumulation, and the levels and consequences of accumulation. Providing a coherent framework of accumulation will aid conceptual precision, guide future research, and inform public policies related to aging and the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth F Ferraro
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Patricia M Morton
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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21
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Wieder-Huszla S, Jurczak A, Szkup M, Barczak K, Dołęgowska B, Schneider-Matyka D, Owsianowska J, Grochans E. Relationships between Vitamin D₃ and Metabolic Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E175. [PMID: 30634516 PMCID: PMC6352038 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of overweight and obese individuals is an alarming global problem; these conditions are risk factors for the development of health problems such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), type-2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Numerous studies have suggested that vitamin D₃ deficiency plays a role in the pathogenesis of MetS. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between MetS and vitamin D₃ levels in women. Laboratory analysis demonstrated that only 26.89% of the participants had vitamin D₃ levels close to normal, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) measurements revealed android obesity in 75.63% of the women. The menstruating women more often suffered from vitamin D₃ deficiency, and less often had elevated vitamin D₃ levels. The conclusions are as follows: (1) There were no statistically significant relationships between vitamin D₃ levels and MetS parameters, namely the level of triglycerides, the levels of low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL), the level of total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). Vitamin D deficiency was only observed in the women with abdominal obesity. (2) Low vitamin D₃ levels were typical of perimenopausal women. Age was a variable correlating with vitamin D. (3) The presence of menstrual cycles was an important contributor to vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly more common in the menstruating women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Wieder-Huszla
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Jurczak
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Owsianowska
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
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22
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Okamura A, Watanabe M, Fukudome I, Yamashita K, Yuda M, Hayami M, Imamura Y, Mine S. Relationship Between Visceral Obesity and Postoperative Inflammatory Response Following Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy. World J Surg 2018; 42:3651-3657. [PMID: 29766228 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-018-4675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is one of the most invasive surgeries. However, the factors influencing postoperative systemic inflammatory response following esophagectomy have not been elucidated. Recently, visceral fat has been shown to play an important role in both chronic and acute inflammation. In this study, we assessed the relationship between visceral obesity and postoperative inflammatory response following minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). METHODS Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured using computed tomography in 152 patients undergoing MIE for esophageal cancer. We assessed perioperative serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels preoperatively and on postoperative days (PODs) 1-5 and analyzed the relationship between VFA and perioperative serum CRP levels. RESULTS VFA was positively associated with preoperative serum CRP level (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed that VFA was significantly associated with increased serum CRP levels on PODs 1-5 (P < 0.001 for each day), whereas multivariate analysis revealed that it was independently associated with increased serum CRP levels on PODs 1-4 (P = 0.033, 0.035, 0.001, and 0.006, respectively). Similar results were observed in patients who did not have postoperative infectious complications, such as pneumonia, anastomotic leak, and surgical site infection. VFA was not an independent risk factor for the occurrence of these postoperative infectious complications. CONCLUSIONS Visceral obesity might be associated with chronic inflammation in patients with esophageal cancer and promote postoperative inflammatory response following MIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Ian Fukudome
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masami Yuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masaru Hayami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Shinji Mine
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
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Bogaert H, De Koster J, Van den Broeck W, Van Eetvelde M, Opsomer G. Effects of overconditioning on pancreatic insulin secretory capacity, fat infiltration, and the number and size of islets in dairy cows at the end of the dry period. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:11413-11420. [PMID: 30316589 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that overconditioning in dairy cows at the end of the dry period leads to infiltration of fat and alterations of the insulin secretory capacity of the pancreas. Pregnant Holstein Friesian dairy cows were selected based on body condition score (BCS) at the start of the dry period. Body condition score varied between cows to have optimal conditioned (2.5 < BCS ≤3.5, n = 5) and overconditioned (3.5 < BCS ≤5, n = 5) cows. All animals underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) at an average of 260 d of gestation to measure the pancreatic insulin secretory capacity and assess peripheral insulin sensitivity regarding glucose metabolism. Eight days after the IVGTT, animals were slaughtered. The pancreas was dissected and weighed and tissue samples were taken for histological analysis. Results revealed that overconditioning in dairy cows led to fat infiltration in the pancreas and an increase in size of pancreatic islets expressed relative to the total area of pancreatic tissue. In addition, results revealed a positive correlation between serum fatty acid concentration and peak insulin concentration and area and number of pancreatic islets expressed relative to the total area of pancreatic tissue. The IVGTT revealed that overconditioned animals have a higher insulin secretory capacity of the pancreas, as demonstrated by higher peak insulin concentration, higher acute insulin response to glucose, and higher area under the curve (AUC) for insulin compared with optimal conditioned cows. A higher AUC for glucose during the first 60 min following administration of the glucose bolus in overconditioned cows indicates an insulin-resistant state regarding glucose metabolism. Our results suggest that the pancreas of overconditioned dairy cows at the end of gestation compensates for the concomitantly elevated level of peripheral insulin resistance by greater secretion of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bogaert
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J De Koster
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - W Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Van Eetvelde
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - G Opsomer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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24
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Shahnazi A, Badurdeen D, Laiyemo AO, Nouraie M, Brim H, Wessly P, Geramfard S, Afsari A, Page N, Ashktorab H. Obesity and Pancreatic Cysts in African American Patients. Cureus 2018; 10:e3160. [PMID: 30357033 PMCID: PMC6197533 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity is one of the risk factors for pancreatic cancer and a prognostic factor for acute-chronic pancreatitis. Aim To explore the relationship and association between obesity and pancreatic cysts over a 25-year period in African American patients. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 207 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cysts via radiology and pathology data from January 1988 to December 2012. A control group was selected from a separate group of healthy patients without a history of pancreatic disease. The patients were evaluated in five groups according to the last 20 years of diagnosis in five-year intervals. Results Most patients with pancreatic cyst (73%) were overweight (defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25), and 53% had a history of chronic pancreatitis compared to patients in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups; 79% of patients group were overweight (BMI ≥ 25) vs. 66% in control group (p = 0.02). The incidence of obese and overweight patients was significant (85%) during the 2008 to 2012 interval for the test group (p = 0.009). Conclusion Given the increasing proportion of obese pancreatic cyst patients in recent decades compared to the proportion noted in the 1990s, obesity plays a large role in the formation of pancreatic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Shahnazi
- Department of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Dilhana Badurdeen
- Department of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Adeyinka O Laiyemo
- Department of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Hassan Brim
- Department of Pathology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Priscilla Wessly
- Department of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Sahar Geramfard
- Department of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Ali Afsari
- Pathology, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Niel Page
- Department of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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25
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Treviño S, Díaz A, Sánchez-Lara E, Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Flores-Hernández JÁ, Brambila E, Meléndez FJ, González-Vergara E. Pharmacological and Toxicological Threshold of Bisammonium Tetrakis 4-( N, N-Dimethylamino)pyridinium Decavanadate in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2018; 2018:2151079. [PMID: 30026756 PMCID: PMC6031092 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2151079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanadium(IV/V) compounds have been studied as possible metallopharmaceutical drugs against diabetes mellitus. However, mechanisms of action and toxicological threshold have been tackled poorly so far. In this paper, our purposes were to evaluate the metabolic activity on dyslipidemia and dysglycemia, insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue, and toxicology of the title compound. To do so, the previously reported bisammonium tetrakis 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridinium decavanadate, the formula of which is [DMAPH]4(NH4)2[V10O28]·8H2O (where DMAPH is 4-dimethylaminopyridinium ion), was synthesized, and its dose-response curve on hyperglycemic rats was evaluated. A Long-Evans rat model showing dyslipidemia and dysglycemia with parameters that reproduce metabolic syndrome and severe insulin resistance was generated. Two different dosages, 5 µmol and 10 µmol twice a week of the title compound (equivalent to 2.43 mg·V/kg/day and 4.86 mg·V/kg/day, resp.), were administered intraperitoneal (i.p.) for two months. Then, an improvement on each of the following parameters was observed at a 5 µmol dose: weight reduction, abdominal perimeter, fatty index, body mass index, oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, and adipokine and insulin resistance indexes. Nevertheless, when the toxicological profile was evaluated at a 10 µmol dose, it did not show complete improvement, tested by the liver and adipose histology, as well as by insulin receptor phosphorylation and GLUT-4 expression. In conclusion, the title compound administration produces regulation on lipids and carbohydrates, regardless of dose, but the pharmacological and toxicological threshold for cell regulation are suggested to be up to 5 µmol (2.43 mg·V/kg/day) dose twice per week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Sánchez-Lara
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Víctor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - José Ángel Flores-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Meléndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Enrique González-Vergara
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
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26
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Tsiotra PC, Halvatsiotis P, Patsouras K, Maratou E, Salamalekis G, Raptis SA, Dimitriadis G, Boutati E. Circulating adipokines and mRNA expression in adipose tissue and the placenta in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Peptides 2018; 101:157-166. [PMID: 29337272 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal adipose tissue and the placenta secrete various molecules commonly called adipokines such as chemerin, omentin-1, visfatin, adiponectin, and leptin that are important players in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a state of glucose intolerance characterized by β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. To examine whether circulating adipokines and their mRNA expression in the adipose tissue and the placenta are altered in GDM pregnancy, we compared 15 GDM women [obese (BMI > 30) and non-obese (BMI < 30)] to 23 NGT (normal glucose tolerance) women [obese and non-obese], at the time of the Cesarean section. Circulating chemerin and leptin were higher (p = 0.009 and p = 0.005, respectively) and circulating omentin-1, visfatin, as well as the adiponectin/leptin ratio were lower (p = 0.039, p = 0.007 and p = 0.011, respectively) in GDM-obese compared to NGT-non-obese women. Chemerin and leptin correlated positively with BMI and HOMA-IR and omentin-1 correlated negatively with BMI. Serum TNF-α was significantly elevated in all obese compared to non-obese pregnant women and correlated positively with BMI. Adiponectin levels were reduced -although not significantly- in GDM- and NGT-obese women compared to their non-obese counterparts. Resistin, RPB4 and IL-6 levels did not differ significantly between groups. Chemerin mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was significantly higher compared to placenta in all women (6-to 24-times, p < 0.05). Chemerin-VAT mRNA expression in GDM-obese tended to be significantly higher compared to NGT-non-obese women (3-times, p = 0.005). Omentin-1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in VAT compared to SAT (50- to 100-times, p < 0.01) and its expression in placenta was negligible in all women. Although, leptin was expressed significantly higher in SAT compared to VAT and the placenta in all women (5- to 46-times, p < 0.05), only its mRNA expression in VAT of obese (GDM and NGT) differed significantly when compared to NGT-non-obese women (3-times higher, p < 0.02). Visfatin mRNA expression was comparable in all tissues. In conclusion, chemerin and leptin are elevated and omentin-1 and visfatin levels are decreased in GDM women complicated by obesity. This finding together with the positive association of chemerin and leptin with markers of insulin resistance, suggests that these adipokines and more especially chemerin and leptin accompanied by their adipose tissue expression could contribute to the increased insulin resistance and low grade inflammation that characterizes GDM-obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayoula C Tsiotra
- Hellenic National Center for the Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications (H.N.D.C), Ploutarchou 3, 10675 Athens, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Halvatsiotis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, 12462 Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Patsouras
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, 12462 Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Maratou
- Hellenic National Center for the Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications (H.N.D.C), Ploutarchou 3, 10675 Athens, Greece
| | - George Salamalekis
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital Attikon, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios A Raptis
- Hellenic National Center for the Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications (H.N.D.C), Ploutarchou 3, 10675 Athens, Greece
| | - George Dimitriadis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, 12462 Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Boutati
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital Attikon, Rimini 1, 12462 Haidari, Athens, Greece
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27
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Shang M, Dong X, Hou L. Correlation of adipokines and markers of oxidative stress in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their newborns. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44:637-646. [PMID: 29399931 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM We have shown that some markers of oxidative stress were higher in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study examines the relationship between adipokines and oxidative stress and their potential effects in pregnant women. METHODS Three markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane and xanthine oxidase) and three adipokines (leptin, adiponectin and resistin) were measured in maternal plasma, cord plasma and placenta of 208 pregnant women. RESULTS Among all these women, 105 were diagnosed with GDM while the other 103 were controls. Leptin, resistin, malondialdehyde, xanthine oxidase and 8-isoprostane in maternal plasma, cord plasma and placenta were significantly higher while maternal adiponectin significantly lower in women with GDM (P < 0.05). Adipokines in maternal plasma, cord plasma and placenta were positively correlated with markers of oxidative stress. Both markers of oxidative stress and adipokines were correlated inversely with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance whereas positively with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (P < 0.01). Adiponectin is negatively correlated with leptin and resistin. Placental/cord leptin and cord resistin levels were higher in the macrosomia while maternal adiponectin level was lower (P < 0.05) than normal birthweight newborns. Both markers of oxidative stress and adipokines in maternal and cord plasma are negatively correlated with newborn birthweight (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Adipokines interact with markers of oxidative stress, both of which lead to insulin resistance, GDM and macrosomia. It has long been known that placenta involves in the development of GDM. Adipokines might participate in this process and need to be confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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28
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Zou Z, Zhuang Y, Liu L, Shen B, Xu J, Luo Z, Teng J, Wang C, Ding X. Role of Body Mass Index in Acute Kidney Injury Patients after Cardiac Surgery. Cardiorenal Med 2017; 8:9-17. [PMID: 29344022 DOI: 10.1159/000477824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims To explore the association of body mass index (BMI) with the risk of developing acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery (CS-AKI) and for AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT) after cardiac surgery. Methods Clinical data of 8,455 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, including demographic preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected. Patients were divided into underweight (BMI <18.5), normal weight (18.5≤ BMI <24), overweight (24≤ BMI <28), and obese (BMI ≥28) groups. The influence of BMI on CS-AKI incidence, duration of hospital, and intensive care unit (ICU) stays as well as AKI-related mortality was analyzed. Results The mean age of the patients was 53.2 ± 13.9 years. The overall CS-AKI incidence was 33.8% (n = 2,855) with a hospital mortality of 5.4% (n = 154). The incidence of AKI-RRT was 5.2% (n = 148) with a mortality of 54.1% (n = 80). For underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese cardiac surgery patients, the AKI incidences were 29.9, 31.0, 36.5, and 46.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). The hospital mortality of AKI patients in the 4 groups was 9.5, 6.0, 3.8, and 4.3%, whereas the hospital mortality of AKI-RRT patients in the 4 groups was 69.2, 60.8, 36.4, and 58.8%, both significantly different (p < 0.05). Hospital and ICU stay durations were not significantly different in the 4 BMI groups. Conclusion The hospital prognosis of AKI and AKI-RRT patients after cardiac surgery was best when their BMI was in the 24-28 range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouping Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamin Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Cardiology Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Institute for Kidney and Dialysis, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Institute for Kidney and Dialysis, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Luo
- Department of Cardiology Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Institute for Kidney and Dialysis, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nephrology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Institute for Kidney and Dialysis, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Mukhopadhyay S, Kumar M, Yusuf J, Gupta VK, Tyagi S. Risk factors and angiographic profile of coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon in North Indian population: An observational study. Indian Heart J 2017; 70:405-409. [PMID: 29961458 PMCID: PMC6034016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background “Coronary slow flow’’ (CSF) is delayed vessel opacification in the absence of epicardial stenosis. Studies in different ethnic groups have found variable risk factors associated with CSF. Aim of present study was to analyze the risk factors and angiographic profile of CSF in North Indian population, not studied till date. Methods 40 patients with CSF and 40 controls were studied. CSF was determined quantitatively by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count method. Various clinical risk factors (age, sex, body mass Index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking), hematological and biochemical parameters (hematocrit, platelet count, uric acid, homocysteine, fibrinogen, high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed. Results Of the 40 patients with CSF, 37 (92.5%) were males. While 20 patients (50%) presented with chronic stable angina, rest 20 (50%) presented with acute coronary syndrome. [15 (37.5%) with unstable angina and 5 (12.5%) with non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)]. Patients with CSF had significantly higher BMI (27.27 ± 2.82 vs. 24.12 ± 2.35, p < 0.001), fibrinogen levels (398.48 ± 120.96 vs. 331.55 ± 162.6, p = 0.04) and smoking (24(60.0%) vs 14(35.0%), p = 0.02). On multivariable regression analysis, only BMI was found to have an independent association with CSF (odds ratio 1.613, 95% confidence interval 1.265–2.057, p < 0.001). Conclusion This is the first study to analyze clinical presentation, angiographic profile and risk factors associated with CSF in North Indian population. In this study, we found only BMI to have an independent association with CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cardiology, G. B. Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India.
| | - Mitesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, G. B. Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Jamal Yusuf
- Department of Cardiology, G. B. Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, G. B. Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Tyagi
- Department of Cardiology, G. B. Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
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30
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Alves MG, Moreira Â, Guimarães M, Nora M, Sousa M, Oliveira PF, Monteiro MP. Body mass index is associated with region-dependent metabolic reprogramming of adipose tissue. BBA CLINICAL 2017; 8:1-6. [PMID: 28567337 PMCID: PMC5440253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is involved in dysmetabolism pathogenesis. Regional fat distribution and functioning may contribute to obesity-related metabolic disorders and adverse health outcomes. Specific fat depots are suggested to possess unique biological properties, but specific metabolic profiles of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) remain unknown. We aimed to characterize VAT and SAT glucose metabolism, and their correlation with body mass index (BMI). AT samples from patients (n = 12; F:M, 9:3) with a mean age of 46 years (26–83 years) and an average BMI of 29.6 kg/m2 (18–37 kg/m2) were used. VAT and SAT explants were obtained during elective laparoscopy, either cholecystectomy for uncomplicated cholelithiasis or gastric bypass for severe obesity. Explants were placed in insulin-free cell culture media and their metabolic profile was established by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. AT explants display a glucose and pyruvate consumption and acetate production that is region-dependent according to the patients BMI. In VAT, glucose consumption was positively correlated with BMI, while alanine and lactate production were negatively correlated with BMI, whereas in SAT the patients BMI did not affect AT secretome suggesting that increased BMI promotes a metabolic reprogramming of VAT towards de novo lipogenesis. This region-dependent metabolic reprogramming of AT associated with BMI was autonomous of insulin. This data, although preliminary, suggests that there is a BMI-related remodeling of glucose metabolism in VAT. Targeting this BMI-induced metabolic shift may represent a potential target to counteract unwanted consequences derived from visceral adiposity. Metabolic profile of adipose tissue (AT) explants was studied after culture in insulin-free media. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) glucose consumption was positively correlated with patient's BMI. Alanine and lactate production by VAT were negatively correlated with patient's BMI. Patient's BMI did not affect subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) secretome. BMI-related metabolic remodeling in VAT occurs beyond insulin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco G Alves
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Moreira
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Guimarães
- Department of General Surgery of Hospital São Sebastião, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Portugal
| | - Mário Nora
- Department of General Surgery of Hospital São Sebastião, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Portugal
| | - Mario Sousa
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana P Monteiro
- Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Obesity & Bariatric Services, University College London Hospital, London, UK
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Tseng PW, Wu DA, Hou JS, Hsu BG. Leptin is an independent marker of metabolic syndrome in elderly adults with type 2 diabetes. Tzu Chi Med J 2017; 29:109-114. [PMID: 28757776 PMCID: PMC5509196 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_31_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is well established that patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) demonstrate elevated levels of serum leptin. The aim of this study is to identify fasting serum leptin as an independent marker of MetS in geriatric diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-four patients over 65 years old with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) were assessed for MetS based on the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Fasting blood samples including serum leptin concentrations were obtained from the participants. Leptin levels were determined using a commercial enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Forty-five (70.3%) of the 64 geriatric T2DM patients enrolled in this study were found to have MetS. This group of participants compared with those in the non-MetS group had higher serum levels of leptin (P = 0.004), triglycerides (P = 0.005), fasting glucose (P = 0.049), glycated hemoglobin (P = 0.016), white blood cells (P = 0.003), C-reactive protein (CRP, P = 0.028), insulin (P < 0.001), higher homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance values (HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR, both P < 0.001), a higher body weight (P = 0.024), body mass index (P < 0.001), body fat mass (P < 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (P < 0.001), diastolic BP (P < 0.001), percentage of women (P = 0.011), prevalence of hypertension (P = 0.042), and a lower level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.001). Univariate linear analysis of the clinical variables associated with the fasting serum leptin level revealed that height (P = 0.020) had a negative correlation, while body fat mass (P < 0.001) and logarithmically transformed CRP (log-CRP, P < 0.001) had positive correlations with serum leptin levels. Multivariate forward step-wise linear regression analysis of the variables significantly associated with fasting serum leptin levels showed that body fat mass (P < 0.001) and log-CRP (P = 0.001) were independent predictors of these values. CONCLUSION Serum leptin is positively correlated with MetS. It serves as an independent marker of MetS in elderly patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wei Tseng
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Du-An Wu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sian Hou
- Department of Nursing, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Nishimuta JF, Levenston ME. Adipokines induce catabolism of newly synthesized matrix in cartilage and meniscus tissues. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:246-258. [PMID: 28095064 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1281258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Altered synovial levels of various adipokines (factors secreted by fat as well as other tissues) have been associated with osteoarthritis (OA) onset and progression. However, the metabolic effects of adipokines on joint tissues, in particular the fibrocartilaginous menisci, are not well understood. This study investigated effects of several adipokines on release of recently synthesized extracellular matrix in bovine cartilage and meniscus tissue explants. MATERIALS AND METHODS After labeling newly synthesized proteins and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) with 3H-proline and 35S-sulfate, respectively; bovine cartilage and meniscus tissue explants were cultured for 6 days in basal medium (control) or media supplemented with adipokines (1 µg/ml of leptin, visfatin, adiponectin, or resistin) or 20 ng/ml interleukin-1 (IL-1). Release of radiolabel and sGAG to the media during culture and the final explant water, DNA, sGAG, and retained radiolabel were measured. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) and MMP-3 activities were assessed using gelatin and casein zymography, respectively. RESULTS Water and DNA contents were not significantly altered by any treatment. Visfatin, adiponectin, resistin, and IL-1 stimulated sGAG release from meniscus, whereas only IL-1 stimulated sGAG release from cartilage. Release of 3H and 35S was stimulated not only by resistin and IL-1 in meniscus but also by IL-1 in cartilage. Retained 3H was unaltered by any treatment, while retained 35S was reduced by visfatin, resistin, and IL-1 in meniscus and by only IL-1 in cartilage. Resistin and IL-1 elevated active MMP-2 and total MMP-3 in meniscus, whereas cartilage MMP-3 activity was elevated by only IL-1. CONCLUSIONS Resistin stimulated rapid and extensive catabolism of meniscus tissue, similar to IL-1, whereas adipokines minimally affected cartilage. Release of newly synthesized matrix was similar to overall release in both tissues. These observations provide further indications that meniscal tissue is more sensitive to pro-inflammatory factors than cartilage and also suggest further study of resistin's role in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Nishimuta
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Marc E Levenston
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
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Maffetone PB, Rivera-Dominguez I, Laursen PB. Overfat and Underfat: New Terms and Definitions Long Overdue. Front Public Health 2017; 4:279. [PMID: 28097119 PMCID: PMC5206235 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time in human history, the number of obese people worldwide now exceeds those who are underweight. However, it is possible that there is an even more serious problem-an overfat pandemic comprised of people who exhibit metabolic health impairments associated with excess fat mass relative to lean body mass. Many overfat individuals, however, are not necessarily classified clinically as overweight or obese, despite the common use of body mass index as the clinical classifier of obesity and overweight. The well-documented obesity epidemic may merely be the tip of the overfat iceberg. The counterpart to the overfat condition is the underfat state, also a common and dangerous health circumstance associated with chronic illness and starvation. Currently (and paradoxically), high rates of obesity and overweight development coexist with undernutrition in developing countries. Studies in cognitive linguistics suggest that accurate, useful, and unintimidating terminology regarding abnormal body fat conditions could help increase a person's awareness of their situation, helping the process of implementing prevention and simple remedies. Our contention is that promoting the terms "overfat" and "underfat" to describe body composition states to the point where they enter into common usage may help in creating substantive improvements in world health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul B. Laursen
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
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34
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Kruschitz R, Wallner-Liebmann S, Lothaller H, Luger M, Ludvik B. Long-Term Weight-Loss Maintenance by a Meal Replacement Based Weight Management Program in Primary Care. Obes Facts 2017; 10:76-84. [PMID: 28376497 PMCID: PMC5644929 DOI: 10.1159/000454836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Structured obesity treatment programs at primary care level are becoming increasingly important. However, evidence from current treatment approaches in the long term is lacking. In view of this fact we evaluated a standardized, meal replacement-based weight loss program (myLINE®; AENGUS, Graz, Austria) according to the currently applicable guidelines. METHODS Data of overweight and obese individuals (n = 70) who participated at least 36 months in the program were analyzed. Data were collected at baseline (T0) as well as after 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 (T1-T36) months. Body composition was measured by conventional anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis. RESULTS Compared to T0, a maximum weight, BMI, fat mass, absolute body cell mass (BCM) reduction and an increase of relative BCM could be seen at T6. Subsequently, the findings reveal a significant reduction of body weight and body fat and a satisfying development of body cell mass during the observation period of 36 months. CONCLUSION The evaluated program complies with national and international guidelines for the therapy of obesity in adults and is efficient and meaningful for a long-term therapeutic use in primary care..
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Kruschitz
- Medical University Vienna, Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I with Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Wallner-Liebmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- *Assoc.-Prof. Dr. Sandra Wallner-Liebmann, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria,
| | - Harald Lothaller
- SIPCAN Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology And Nutrition, , Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Luger
- Medical University Vienna, Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vienna, Austria
- SIPCAN Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology And Nutrition, Elsbethen/Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Ludvik
- Department of Medicine I with Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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35
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Effects of supplementation with curcumin on serum adipokine concentrations: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2016; 32:1116-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Navarro Díaz M. Consequences of morbid obesity on the kidney. Where are we going? Clin Kidney J 2016; 9:782-787. [PMID: 27994854 PMCID: PMC5162416 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfw094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and morbid obesity are modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of kidney disease. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is currently an important health problem in Europe, so it is necessary to develop therapeutic and preventive strategies. The obesity-related glomerulopathy has been defined as a secondary form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and its most characteristic feature is glomerulomegaly. The renal evolution of patients with obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) who have not been treated is unfavourable. However, morbidly obese patients with ORG that underwent bariatric surgery and drastic weight loss had a better outcome. Many inflammatory factors have been implicated in the pathogenic mechanism of renal disease in obesity. Hypoadiponectinaemia, hyperleptinaemia and hyperaldosteronism have been associated with glomerular injury in obese patients. The application of modern techniques has provided important insights that increase the current understanding of ORG. However, further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruja Navarro Díaz
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat, Autònoma de Barcelona, Esfera UAB, Badalona, Spain
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Özkan S, Özdemir F, Uğur O, Demirtunç R, Balci AY, Kizilay M, Vural Ü, Kaplan M, Yekeler I. The effects of the metabolic syndrome on coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Cardiovasc J Afr 2016; 28:48-53. [PMID: 27701481 PMCID: PMC5423427 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2016-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering of factors that are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. A low-grade inflammatory process acts as the underlying pathophysiology, which suggests that the MS may have a detrimental effect on coronary interventions, including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery performed with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We aimed to evaluate the effect of the MS on morbidity and mortality rates in the early postoperative period in patients undergoing CABG. Methods We prospectively included 152 patients (109 males and 43 females; mean age 60.1 ± 8.6 years) who underwent elective CABG on CPB between January and September 2011. Early postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were compared between subjects with and without the MS. Diagnosis of the MS was based on the American National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Results Of the study group, 64 patients (42%) had the MS. The two groups were similar in age and gender. In the postoperative period, rates of atrial fibrillation, wound infection, pulmonary complications, and lengths of intubation, hospitalisation and intensive care unit stay were significantly higher in MS patients (p < 0.01). The MS was significantly associated with wound infection (OR 6.64, 95% CI: 1.72–25.75), pulmonary complications (OR 6.44, 95% CI: 1.58–26.33), arrhythmia (OR 5.47, 95% CI: 1.50–19.97) and prolonged intubation (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05–1.32). The mortality rate was 3.1% in the MS group and 1.1% in the non-MS group, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion The MS was associated with a higher rate of early postoperative morbidity following CABG, without having a significant effect on the mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Özkan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Özdemir
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Uğur
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refik Demirtunç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yavuz Balci
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kizilay
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ünsal Vural
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kaplan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Yekeler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wonner R, Wallner S, Orsó E, Schmitz G. Effects of acute exercise on monocyte subpopulations in metabolic syndrome patients. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2016; 94:596-605. [PMID: 27282804 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute exercise induces numerous changes in peripheral blood, e.g. counts of leukocytes. CD16pos monocytes, which play a role in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis and the metabolic syndrome (MetS), are among the blood cells with the highest fold increase through exercise. So far no studies have investigated the effect of exercise on the blood cell composition of patients with MetS. APPROACH AND RESULTS Blood cell counts, a wide panel of laboratory tests, as well as lipid and protein content of monocytes and granulocytes were determined in healthy subjects, persons with metabolic risk and MetS patients before and after one minute of exercise at 400 W. Leukocyte counts increased significantly in all groups with CD14pos CD16pos monocytes showing the highest fold-change. In MetS patients the fold increase was smaller. They had a higher resting level of CD14pos CD16pos monocytes and a lower basal ratio of CD16neg /CD16pos monocytes. A similar ratio of these cells was induced in control and risk subjects after exercise. However, absolute counts of mobilized pro-inflammatory monocytes did not differ significantly. Furthermore, we detected a decrease in protein content of monocytes in controls, but not in MetS patients. CONCLUSIONS As strenuous exercise is able to mobilize the same amount of pro-inflammatory monocytes in MetS patients as in healthy persons, the elevated basal level of these cells in MetS patients is likely to be caused by enhanced maturation rather than chronic mobilization. The removal of these monocytes from the endothelium might be part of the beneficial effect of exercise on vascular disease. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Wonner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
| | - Stefan Wallner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
| | - Evelyn Orsó
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany
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Butani L, Dharmar M, Devaraj S, Jialal I. Preliminary Report of Inflammatory Markers, Oxidative Stress, and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents of Different Ethnicities. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2016; 14:182-6. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lavjay Butani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California
| | - Madan Dharmar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ishwarlal Jialal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
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Chang JW, Chen HL, Su HJ, Lee CC. Abdominal Obesity and Insulin Resistance in People Exposed to Moderate-to-High Levels of Dioxin. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145818. [PMID: 26752053 PMCID: PMC4713838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a risk factor for developing metabolic complications, is a major public health problem. Abdominal obesity is strongly accompanied by a cluster of metabolic abnormalities characterized by insulin resistance. The link between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and insulin resistance has been investigated in animal and epidemiological studies. We aimed to examine whether insulin resistance is greater in people with abdominal obesity (AO) and concomitant exposure to serum dioxins (PCDD/Fs). We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study of 2876 participants living near a PCDD/Fs contaminated area. Seventeen 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs congeners were measured, and then the associations between the main predictor variable, serum TEQDF-1998, abdominal obesity (AO), dependent variables, and insulin resistance were examined. Twelve of the 17 congeners, widely distributed among PCDDs, and PCDFs, had trends for associations with abdominal adiposity. In men, the highest quintiles of 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF; 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD; 2,3,7,8-TCDD; 2,3,7,8-TCDF; and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF had the top five adjusted odds ratios (AORs) + 95% confidence intervals (CIs):[4.2; 2.7–6.4], [3.6; 2.3–5.7], [3.2; 2.1–5.0], [3.0; 2.0–4.5], and [2.9; 1.9–4.7], respectively. In women, the highest quintiles of 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF; 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF; and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF had the top three AORs + 95% CIs:[3.0; 1.9–4.7], [2.0; 1.3–3.1], and [1.9; 1.3–2.9], respectively. After confounding factors had been adjusted for, men, but not women, with higher serum TEQDF-1998 levels or abdominal obesity had a significantly (Ptrend < 0.001) greater risk for abnormal insulin resistance. The groups with the highest joint serum TEQDF-1998 and abdominal obesity levels were associated with elevated insulin resistance at 5.0 times the odds of the groups with the lowest joint levels (AOR 5.23; 95% CI: 3.53–7.77). We hypothesize that serum TEQDF-1998 and abdominal obesity affect the association with insulin resistance in general populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Wei Chang
- Research Center for Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Industrial Safety and Health, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Jen Su
- Research Center for Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The obtaining of nutrients is the most important task in our lives. Energy is central to life's evolutions; this was one of the aspect that induced the selection of the more adaptable and more energetically profitable species. Nowadays things have changed in our modern society. A high proportion of people has access to plenty amount of food and the obesity appear as one of the pathological characteristics of our society. Energy is obtained essentially in the mitochondria with the transfer of protons across the inner membrane that produce ATP. The exactly regulation of the synthesis and degradation of ATP (ATP ↔ ADP + phosphate) is essential to all form of life. This task is performed by the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). mtDNA is highly exposed to oxidative damage and could play a central role in human health and disease. This high potential rate of abnormalities is controlled by one of the most complex mechanism: the autophagy. AMPK appears to be the key cellular energy sensor involved in multiple cellular mechanisms and is essential to have a good metabolic homeostasis to face all the aggression and start the inflammatory reaction. Therefore its disturbances have been related with multiple diseases. Recent findings support the role of AMPK in inflammation and immunity such as Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity and Diabetes. All these Metabolic Disorders are considered pandemics and they need an adequate control and prevention. One important way to achieve it is deepen in the pathogenic mechanisms. Mitochondria and AMPK are the key elements through which it happen, their knowledge and research allow us to a better management. The discovery and use of drugs that can modulate them is imperative to improve our way of manage the metabolic disorders.
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Mazaki-Tovi S, Vaisbuch E, Tarca AL, Kusanovic JP, Than NG, Chaiworapongsa T, Dong Z, Hassan SS, Romero R. Characterization of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Transcriptome and Biological Pathways in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women: Evidence for Pregnancy-Related Regional-Specific Differences in Adipose Tissue. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143779. [PMID: 26636677 PMCID: PMC4670118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the transcriptome of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Study Design The transcriptome of paired visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissues from pregnant women at term and matched non-pregnant women (n = 11) was profiled with the Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST array. Differential expression of selected genes was validated with the use of quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Results Six hundred forty-four transcripts from 633 known genes were differentially expressed (false discovery rate (FDR) <0.1; fold-change >1.5), while 42 exons from 36 genes showed differential usage (difference in FIRMA scores >2 and FDR<0.1) between the visceral and subcutaneous fat of pregnant women. Fifty-six known genes were differentially expressed between pregnant and non-pregnant subcutaneous fat and three genes in the visceral fat. Enriched biological processes in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of pregnant women were mostly related to inflammation. Conclusion The transcriptome of visceral and subcutaneous fat depots reveals pregnancy-related gene expression and splicing differences in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Furthermore, for the first time, alternative splicing in adipose tissue has been associated with regional differences and human parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (SMT); (RR)
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Research and Innovation in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (CIMAF), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sótero del Río Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SMT); (RR)
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Eftekhari MH, Sohrabi Z, Parsa N, Zibaee Nezhad MJ. Role of Gender in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Risk Factors in Shiraz Healthy Heart Center Population. Int Cardiovasc Res J 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/icrj-9(4)231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Computed tomography-based assessment of abdominal adiposity changes and their impact on metabolic alterations following bariatric surgery. World J Surg 2015; 39:417-23. [PMID: 25331726 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-014-2826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surgically induced weight loss on the abdominal adipose tissue depots and the metabolic profile in morbidly obese (MO) patients. METHODS The study was performed with a semi-automated quantification of adipose tissue compartments on single-slice abdominal CT series before surgery, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. Thirty-eight MO patients with mean age of 35.7 ± 10.1 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.6 ± 6.5 kg/m(2) were studied (20 patients underwent gastric banding and 18 patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy). Anthropometric measurements, metabolic and inflammatory parameters were analyzed in each patient. RESULTS Markedly decreased levels of total abdominal adipose tissue, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (AbSAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) at 6 and 12 months were noted in comparison to the preoperative values. The total % reduction of VAT was significant higher in comparison to the total % reduction of AbSAT at 12 months after bariatric surgery (P < 0.01) with the mean ratio of AbSAT/VAT to increase from 4.1 ± 1.7 preoperatively to 6.2 ± 3.1 at 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.001). In addition, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) decreased significantly with weight loss after bariatric surgery and the total abdominal lipid loss was related to the decrease in hsCRP. CONCLUSIONS Significant changes in abdominal lipid deposition occurred in MO patients 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. The changes were significantly, correlated with the magnitude of BMI loss. The fat redistribution may contribute to the improvements in metabolic abnormalities.
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Nishimuta JF, Levenston ME. Meniscus is more susceptible than cartilage to catabolic and anti-anabolic effects of adipokines. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1551-62. [PMID: 25917638 PMCID: PMC4558246 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the effects on cartilage and meniscus matrix catabolism and biosynthesis of several adipokines implicated in osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN Bovine cartilage and meniscus explants were cultured for 1 or 9 days in serum-free medium alone or with 0.02, 0.2, or 2 μg/ml of leptin, visfatin, adiponectin, or resistin. Media were supplemented with (3)H-proline or (35)S-sodium sulfate to evaluate protein and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) accumulation on the last day of culture. Explants were assayed for radiolabel, sGAG, and DNA contents. Cultured media were assayed for sGAG, nitrite and lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS Cartilage tissue was minimally affected by adipokines, with only the highest resistin dose increasing sGAG release and nitrite production compared to controls. In sharp contrast, meniscus tissue was responsive to several adipokines, with elevated sGAG and nitrite release following treatment with resistin, leptin, or visfatin. Cartilage sGAG content was unaltered by adipokine treatment whereas meniscal sGAG content significantly decreased with resistin dosage. Protein ((3)H) incorporation was unaffected by adipokine treatment in both tissues. sGAG ((35)S) incorporation did not significantly vary with adipokine treatment in cartilage but was inhibited by treatment with leptin, visfatin, and resistin in meniscus. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that meniscal tissue is more susceptible to adipokine-stimulated catabolism than is cartilage. Resistin had the strongest effect of the adipokines tested, inducing sGAG release in both tissues and depleting sGAG content in meniscus. These results suggest that increased adipokine levels due to obesity or joint injury may alter the mechanical integrity of the knee joint through biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Nishimuta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Marc E. Levenston
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Corresponding Author: Marc E. Levenston, Ph.D., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4038 USA, Tel: (650) 723-9464, Fax: (650) 725-1587
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Coyne K, Whigham LD, O'Leary K, Yaklic JK, Maxwell RA, Lindheim SR. Gestational carrier BMI and reproductive, fetal and neonatal outcomes: are the risks the same with increasing obesity? Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:171-5. [PMID: 26290016 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data suggest that female obesity impairs uterine receptivity and increases the risk of fetal and neonatal mortality. We analyzed the reproductive outcomes of gestational carriers (GCs) undergoing donated oocytes and assisted reproductive technology according to body mass index (BMI). DESIGN A retrospective analysis of 163 GCs undergoing 226 in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer cycles. METHODS GCs undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer cycles were analyzed and divided according to their BMI (healthy weight: 20-24.9 kg m(-2) (n=77 in 114 cycles); overweight: 25-29.9 kg m(-)(2) (n=55 in 71 cycles); and obese: 30-35 kg m(-)(2) (n=31 in 41 cycles)). All GCs underwent a complete medical evaluation and were cleared for pregnancy before being selected. Overweight and obese GCs also underwent a metabolic screening, including an oral glucose tolerance test and lipid profile. The main outcomes measured were clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, antenatal and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were similar despite increasing BMI. There were no statistically significant differences in the implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates or live birth rates per embryo transfer among patients in the three BMI groups. In the healthy weight, overweight and obese GCs, the clinical pregnancy rates per GC were 72%, 84% and 79%, and per embryo transfer rates were 52%, 49% and 56%, respectively; P=NS. The live birth rates per GC were 70%, 84% and 75%, and per embryo transfer rates were 50%, 49% and 53%, respectively; P=NS. Twin rates were similar between the groups (35%, 31% and 29%, respectively; P=NS). There were no differences in gestational diabetes, preterm admissions or cesarean section rates. Neonatal intensive care unit admissions were similar (11%, 13% and 12%, respectively; P=NS), and no maternal, neonatal or infant mortality occurred. CONCLUSIONS These data show that increasing obesity does not impair the reproductive outcome in GC cycles. Larger sample size is indicated to verify these findings. Furthermore, this study suggests that the standard metabolic screening used for GCs may lead to selection of healthier patients compared with women of comparable BMI who conceive outside of a fertility clinic setting, indicating the metabolic profile, rather than BMI, may better explain differences in pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Coyne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - L D Whigham
- Paso del Norte Institute for Healthy Living, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - K O'Leary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.,Wright-Patterson USAF Medical Center, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - J K Yaklic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - R A Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - S R Lindheim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
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Svidnicki PV, Leite NC, Vicari MR, Almeida MCD, Artoni RF, Favero GM, Grassiolli S, Nogaroto V. Swim training and the genetic expression of adipokines in monosodium glutamate-treated obese rats. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2015; 59:210-4. [PMID: 26154087 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic expression of adipokines in the adipocytes of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-treated obese rats submitted to physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obesity was induced by neonatal MSG administration. Exercised rats (MSG and control) were subjected to swim training for 30 min for 10 weeks, whereas their respective controls remained sedentary. Total RNA was obtained from sections of the mesenteric adipose tissue of the rats. mRNA levels of adiponectin (Adipoq), tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg) adipokines were quantified by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS In the exercise-trained control group, the expression of Adipoq increased compared to the sedentary control, which was not observed in the MSG-obese rats. Increased levels of Tnf in MSG-obese rats were not reversed by the swim training. The expression of Ppara was higher in sedentary MSG-obese rats compared to the sedentary control. Swimming increased this adipokine expression in the exercise-trained control rats compared to the sedentary ones. mRNA levels of Pparg were higher in the sedentary MSG-rats compared to the sedentary control; however, the exercise did not influenced its expression in the groups analyzed. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, regular physical activity was not capable to correct the expression of proinflammatory adipokines in MSG-obese rat adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Vinicius Svidnicki
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Mara Cristina de Almeida
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Viviane Nogaroto
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Abstract
Obesity and being overweight are linked with a cluster of metabolic and vascular disorders that have been termed the metabolic syndrome. This syndrome promotes the incidence of cardiovascular diseases that are an important public health problem because they represent a major cause of death worldwide. Whereas there is not a universally-accepted set of diagnostic criteria, most expert groups agree that this syndrome is defined by an endothelial dysfunction, an impaired insulin sensitivity and hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity and hypertension. Epidemiological studies suggest that the beneficial cardiovascular health effects of diets rich in green tea are, in part, mediated by their flavonoid content, with particular benefits provided by members of this family such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Although their bioavailability is discussed, various studies suggest that EGCG modulates cellular and molecular mechanisms of various symptoms leading to metabolic syndrome. Therefore, according to in vitro and in vivo model data, this review attempts to increase our understanding about the beneficial properties of EGCG to prevent metabolic syndrome.
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Ekholm M, Kahan T, Jörneskog G, Brinck J, Wallén NH. Haemostatic and inflammatory alterations in familial hypercholesterolaemia, and the impact of angiotensin II infusion. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2015; 16:328-38. [PMID: 25908220 DOI: 10.1177/1470320315575848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined potential prothrombotic and proinflammatory effects of angiotensin II in 16 otherwise healthy familial hypercholesterolaemia subjects and 16 matched controls. METHODS Markers of fibrinolysis, thrombin generation and inflammation were assessed in plasma before, during and 1h after a 3h intravenous infusion of angiotensin II. In addition, placebo experiments with saline infusion were carried out. RESULTS Baseline plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity and plasmin-antiplasmin-complex concentrations were similar in FH and controls, as were interleukin-6, leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein. Fibrinogen levels were higher in FH, and we observed a greater thrombin generating potential in FH (calibrated automated thrombogram), but no signs of elevated thrombin generation in vivo (prothrombin fragment 1+2). During angiotensin infusion plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity decreased and plasmin-antiplasmin-complex concentrations increased similarly in FH and controls. Total and maximal amount of thrombin generated was unchanged, as were prothrombin-fragment-1+2 levels. Interleukin-6 and leukocyte counts increased similarly in both groups during angiotensin infusion, while fibrinogen tended to increase in FH and increased in controls. During saline infusion plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity and prothrombin fragment 1+2 concentrations fell, whereas other markers were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS FH exhibits an increased thrombin generation potential, an intact fibrinolysis, and has no convincing signs of inflammation. Angiotensin has proinflammatory effects, and might have minor profibrinolytic and procoagulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Ekholm
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Internal Medicine, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Thomas Kahan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Internal Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Brinck
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - N Håkan Wallén
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mo X, Yang C, Wang X, Burkhardt BR, Li Y, Xia H, Cao X. F3MB(PANDER) decreases mice hepatic triglyceride and is associated with decreased DGAT1 expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117156. [PMID: 25679806 PMCID: PMC4334525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic-derived factor (PANDER, also named as FAM3B) is secreted by pancreatic α and β cells. Increasing evidence suggests that it may serve a hormonal function related to glycemic and lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of PANDER overexpression on hepatic and adipose triglyceride metabolism in high-fat diet-fed male C57BL/6 mice. METHODS PANDER overexpression was achieved by tail-vein injection of recombinant Ad-PANDER and Ad-GFP injected mice served as a control. The TG metabolism in both groups were compared. RESULTS Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of PANDER did not affect body weight, food consumption, or liver enzymes. The triglyceride (TG) content of both liver and adipose tissue was significantly decreased in Ad-PANDER mice (liver: 6.16±1.89 mg/g vs. control 14.95±2.27 mg/g, P<0.05; adipose: 39.31±1.99 mg/100mg vs. 47.22±2.21 mg/100mg, P<0.05). The free fatty acid (FFA) content of adipose tissue in Ad-PANDER mice was also decreased (1.38±0.18 mg/g vs. 2.77±0.31 mg/g, P<0.01). The investigation of key enzymes of triglyceride hydrolysis and FFA oxidation in liver and adipose tissue showed that p-HSL/HSL was significantly increased and that DGAT1 gene and protein expression were significantly reduced in the liver of PANDER-overexpressing mice. PKA phosphorylation was also significantly increased in the livers of Ad-PANDER mice. No differences in ATGL, CPT1, ACOX1, or DGAT2 expression were observed. CONCLUSION Overexpression of PANDER is associated with observable decreases in TG, increases in PKA phosphorylation, and decreased DGAT1 expression, suggesting a possible interrelationship. The mechanisms by which this occurs remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Mo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
| | - Chijiao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
| | - Xuelan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, No.74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
| | - Brant R. Burkhardt
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, BSF 206, Tampa, FL33620-5550, United States of America
| | - Yangbin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
| | - Haipeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
| | - Xiaopei Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR.China
- * E-mail:
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